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Antunes C, Arbo MD, Konrath EL. Hepatoprotective Native Plants Documented in Brazilian Traditional Medicine Literature: Current Knowledge and Prospects. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100933. [PMID: 35421282 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The native flora of Brazil covers a large biodiversity of plants, some of which have important pharmacological properties. Ethnobotanical studies have established that the folk use of plants for hepatobiliary disorders is very common in Brazil. This review aimed to compile, describe and discuss the main native Brazilian medicinal plants used as hepatoprotective agents listed on 25 books by authors from various regions in the country. Based on the 153 species found, a comprehensive analysis of the most relevant scientific studies is presented, including Piper umbellatum, Echinodorus macrophyllus, Fevillea trilobata and Achyrocline satureioides. Some medicinal plants share both a large number of citations and scientific evidence to corroborate their hepatoprotective effects, including Solanum paniculatum, Baccharis crispa and Phyllanthus niruri, which could be of interest to develop new phytomedicines. Additionally, some active ingredients are indicated as being responsible for the liver protective effects described, particularly phenolic compounds (flavonoids, coumestans and lignans).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Antunes
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dutra Arbo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luis Konrath
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90610-000, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
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Phytochemical analysis and anti-inflammatory evaluation of compounds from an aqueous extract of Croton cajucara Benth. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:821-830. [PMID: 28826140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Croton cajucara Benth. is a medicinal plant popularly used in the Brazilian Amazonia, where it is known as sacaca, being consumed as tea, decoction or infusion of the leaves and stem bark. From a decoction of the leaves, a comprehensive phytochemical analysis was developed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Many compounds were identified for the first time in C. cajucara, such as O-glycosides of kaempferol and quercetin, flavonoid-C-glycosides, tannins and cinnamic acid derivatives. These compounds were fractionated by polarity and assayed for their anti-inflammatory activity, using a model of mice edema, induced by an intraplantar injection of carrageenan. All fractions exhibited anti-inflammatory properties.
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Sengupta A, Manna K, Datta S, Das U, Biswas S, Chakrabarti N, Dey S. Herbicide exposure induces apoptosis, inflammation, immune modulation and suppression of cell survival mechanism in murine model. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27883c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study demonstrates paraquat induced cellular toxicity in spleen and associated ROS generation, mitochondria dependent cellular apoptosis, inflammation and splenomegaly inSwiss Albinomice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaveri Sengupta
- Department of Physiology
- DST-PURSE & UGC-CPEPA Supported Department
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN)
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata – 700009
| | - Krishnendu Manna
- Department of Physiology
- DST-PURSE & UGC-CPEPA Supported Department
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN)
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata – 700009
| | - Siddhartha Datta
- Department of Physiology
- DST-PURSE & UGC-CPEPA Supported Department
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN)
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata – 700009
| | - Ujjal Das
- Department of Physiology
- DST-PURSE & UGC-CPEPA Supported Department
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN)
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata – 700009
| | - Sushobhan Biswas
- Department of Physiology
- DST-PURSE & UGC-CPEPA Supported Department
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN)
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata – 700009
| | - Nilkanta Chakrabarti
- Department of Physiology
- DST-PURSE & UGC-CPEPA Supported Department
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN)
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata – 700009
| | - Sanjit Dey
- Department of Physiology
- DST-PURSE & UGC-CPEPA Supported Department
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN)
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata – 700009
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Effect of Zingiber officinale on liver oxidative status and biochemical parameters in rats exposed to paraquat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-012-1544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Treatment with aqueous extract from Croton cajucara Benth reduces hepatic oxidative stress in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:902351. [PMID: 22811599 PMCID: PMC3395422 DOI: 10.1155/2012/902351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Croton cajucara Benth is a plant found in Amazonia, Brazil and the bark and leaf infusion of this plant have been popularly used to treat diabetes and hepatic disorders. The present study was designed to evaluate the oxidative stress as well as the therapeutic effect of Croton cajucara Benth (1.5 mL of the C. cajucara extract i.g.) in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Croton cajucara Benth was tested as an aqueous extract for its phytochemical composition, and its antioxidant activity in vitro was also evaluated. Lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase activities were measured in the hepatic tissue, as well as the presence activation of p65 (NF-κB), through western blot. Phytochemical screening of Croton cajucara Benth detected the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and alkaloids. The extract exhibited a significant antioxidant activity in the DPPH-scavenging and the hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase assays. Liver lipid peroxidation increased in diabetic animals followed by a reduction in the Croton-cajucara-Benth-treated group. There was activation of p65 nuclear expression in the diabetic animals, which was attenuated in the animals receiving the Croton cajucara Benth aqueous extract. The liver tissue in diabetic rats showed oxidative alterations related to the streptozotocin treatment. In conclusion the Croton cajucara Benth aqueus extract treatment effectively reduced the oxidative stress and contributed to tissue recovery.
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Novaes RD, Gonçalves RV, Marques DCS, Cupertino MDC, Peluzio MDCG, Leite JPV, Maldonado IRDSC. Effect of Bark Extract of Bathysa cuspidata on Hepatic Oxidative Damage and Blood Glucose Kinetics in Rats Exposed to Paraquat. Toxicol Pathol 2011; 40:62-70. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623311425059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of bark extract of Bathysa cuspidata on hepatic oxidative damage and blood glucose kinetics in rats exposed to paraquat. Wistar rats were exposed to a single dose of paraquat (30 mg/kg, i.p.) and treated with an ethanolic extract of Bathysa cuspidata (200 and 400 mg/kg). Analyses were conducted of liver edema, blood glucose, serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, collagen, malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and histomorphometry. In the animals intoxicated with paraquat and treated with 400 mg/kg of extract, edema, hypertrophy of the nucleus of hepatocytes, serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly ( p < .05). Catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, the number of hepatocytes per unit volume, and the glycogen proportion were maintained. The increase followed by progressive reduction of blood glucose observed in paraquat-exposed groups was significantly attenuated in the group treated with 400 mg/kg of extract ( p < .05). Phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic compounds. The bark extract of Bathysa cuspidata was able to inhibit large variations in blood glucose and reduce hepatic damage in rats exposed to paraquat. This finding suggests a contribution of the extract in reducing lipid peroxidation and the morphofunctional damage to the liver parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - João Paulo Viana Leite
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa MG, Brazil
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Sreelatha S, Padma PR. Modulatory effects of Moringa oleifera extracts against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damage. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:1359-68. [PMID: 21148198 DOI: 10.1177/0960327110391385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that the induction of oxidative stress may be involved in oxidative DNA damage. The present study examined and assessed the hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-mediated DNA damage in human tumor KB cells and also assessed the ability of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts to inhibit the oxidative damage. H(2)O(2) imposed a stress on the membrane lipids which was quantified by the extent of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formed. The leaf extracts caused a very significant inhibition of the extent of LPO formation and enhanced the activity of antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in KB cells. The comet assay was employed to study the DNA damage and its inhibition by the leaf extracts. H(2)O(2) caused a significant increase in the number of cells bearing comets, resulting in significant DNA damage. The leaf extracts significantly reduced the incidence of comets in the oxidant stressed cells. The extent of cytotoxicity of H(2)O(2) in the presence and the absence of leaf extracts studied in KB tumor cells by the MTT assay showed that H(2)O(2) caused a marked decrease in the viability of KB cells where as the leaf extracts effectively increased the viability of assaulted KB cells. The observed cytoprotective activity is probably due to the antioxidant properties of its constituents, mainly phenolics. Total phenolics showed higher correlation with antioxidant activity. The leaf extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than the reference compound. These results suggest that the inhibition by the leaf extracts on oxidative DNA damage could be attributed to their free radical scavenging activities and the effect evidenced in KB cells can be in part correlated to a modulation of redox-sensitive mechanisms.
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Campos MCO, Salomão K, Castro-Pinto DB, Leon LL, Barbosa HS, Maciel MAM, de Castro SL. Croton cajucara crude extract and isolated terpenes: activity on Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitol Res 2010; 107:1193-204. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-1988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shahid M, Tayyab M, Naz F, Jamil A, Ashraf M, Gilani AH. Activity-guided isolation of a novel protein fromCroton tigliumwith antifungal and antibacterial activities. Phytother Res 2008; 22:1646-9. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Graim JFDS, Lopes Filho GDJ, Brito MVH, Matos LTDMB. Histologic evaluation of rats' liver after Croton cajucara Benth (sacaca) administration. Acta Cir Bras 2008; 23:130-4. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502008000200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the hepatic effect of Croton cajucara Benth (sacaca) herbal extract in rats. METHODS: 60 Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus albinus) were used, weighing between 250 and 350 g. The animals were distributed randomically in 2 groups: GS - animals which received daily 0,1 ml/ 100 g of sacaca herbal extract through gavage, and GA -animals which received daily 0,1 ml/100g of distilled water through gavage. These were distributed in 3 subgroups with 10 animals, according to theirs euthanasia dates, which were 14th, 28th and 56th day of treatment. RESULTS: Architectural alterations were not observed, however when it was analyzed the presence or absence of necrosis, it was observed in 50% of GS28 subgroup and 90% of subgroup. In 50% of the animals from GS28 subgroup and 90% of GS56 subgroup was observed vast degeneration areas and zonal necrosis, regarding center-lobular veins alterations, there were no alterations in any of the groups CONCLUSION: The Croton cajucara Benth (sacaca) herbal extract in this experiment caused degeneration and hepatic necrosis, suggesting dose-dependent action.
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Brasil LJ, Amaral JLGD, Zettler CG, Marroni CA, Vercelino R, Marroni N. Modelo experimental de indução de lesão oxidativa hepática em ratos por halotano. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2007; 44:73-7. [PMID: 17639188 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032007000100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2006] [Accepted: 07/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RACIONAL: O anestésico halotano pode ser metabolizado redutivamente a intermediários reativos que podem iniciar a lipoperoxidação acompanhada de injúria hepática. O tratamento prévio com hipóxia e fenobarbital em ratos aumenta o metabolismo do halotano e o estresse oxidativo e causa mudanças nas enzimas antioxidantes no fígado com dano hepático. MÉTODOS: Investigou-se o efeito do halotano na lipoperoxidação e histologia hepáticas após o aumento do metabolismo redutor do halotano induzido pela hipóxia e fenobarbital. Vinte e cinco ratos machos Wistar foram divididos em cinco grupos: Co (controle), HO14 (Halotano/Hipóxia), F (Fenobarbital), O14 (Hipóxia) e H (Halotano). Após 24 horas os ratos foram sacrificados, seus fígados foram retirados para determinar quimiluminescência, substâncias que reagem ao ácido tiobarbitúrico, enzimas antioxidantes, superóxido dismutase, catalase e amostras de sangue foram tomadas para determinar AST e a ALT. A avaliação histopatológica foi realizada pela técnica de hematoxilina-eosina. Os dados da avaliação histológica foram apresentados através de mediana e amplitude entre quartis. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: A exposição ao halotano/hipóxia causou lipoperoxidação hepática e mudanças significativas na atividade das enzimas antioxidantes. Além disso, provocou lesão histopatológica do fígado e aumento significativo dos níveis plasmáticos de AST e ALT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Josino Brasil
- Serviço de Anestesiologia, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, RS.
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