Specific alternation of rhythm in temperature (SART) stress-induced irritable bowel syndrome-like changes in mice and effects of drugs

Protective effects of Liupao tea against high-fat diet/cold exposure-induced irritable bowel syndrome in rats

Liupao tea as a type of dark tea can relieve irritable bowel syndrome by regulating gut microbiota, but the mechanism has not been fully explained. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography along with quadrupole time of flight tandem mass spectrometry was used to analyze the phytochemicals in Liupao tea. Then, we explored the effects of Liupao tea against IBS. From the results of chemical analysis, we identified catechins, polyphenols, amino acids, caffeine, polysaccharides and other components in Liupao tea. The open-field test, gastrointestinal function-related indexes, histochemical assays, measurements of cytokine and aquaporin 3 (AQP3), and determination of serum metabolites were utilized to monitor the physiological consequences of Liupao tea administration in rats with irritable bowel syndrome. The results showed that Liupao tea had a significant protective effect on irritable bowel syndrome. Liupao tea increased locomotive velocity while reducing interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, as well as gastrointestinal injury. Moreover, Liupao tea increased the AQP3 levels of renal tissues but reduced the AQP3 levels of gastrointestinal tissues. Liupao tea reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio and significantly reconstructed the microbial pattern. Liupao tea relieved irritable bowel syndrome by repairing gastrointestinal dysfunction, regulating the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulating water metabolism, and restoring microbial homeostasis.

倍半萜内酯类治疗肠易激综合征的应用前景

肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome, IBS)是常见的功能性肠道疾病, 以腹痛或腹部不适、排便习惯异常为特征, 其发病机制尚不明确. 依照罗马Ⅲ标准可将其分为腹泻型、便秘型、混合型和未定型4种亚型. 目前临床治疗原则主要是对症治疗, 迄今尚无特效药物能够有效治疗所有类型IBS. 倍半萜内酯类成分是众多药用植物的生物活性成分, 具有广泛生物学活性, 包括抗肿瘤、抗炎镇痛、抗菌等. 本文就倍半萜内酯类成分可改善IBS症状的相关生物学活性, 及其在IBS治疗中的应用前景进行简要综述.

Repeated Cold Stress Reduces Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis/Bladder Pain and Macrophage Activity in Mice

We examined the effect of repeated cold (RC) stress on cyclophosphamide (CPA)-induced cystitis/bladder pain in mice, in relation to macrophage activity. CPA, given i.p. at 400 mg/kg, caused bladder pain symptoms accompanying cystitis in both unstressed and RC-stressed mice, which were prevented by the macrophage inhibitor minocycline. A low dose, that is, 200 mg/kg, of CPA still produced bladder pain symptoms in unstressed but not RC-stressed mice. Lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production in peritoneal macrophages from RC-stressed mice was less than that from unstressed mice. Thus, RC stress appears to reduce CPA-induced bladder pain in mice, which may be associated with the decreased macrophage activity.

Dual effects on constipation and diarrhea: protective potential of Radix Inulae lactones on irritable bowel syndrome

Radix Inulae (RI) is commonly used to treat upper body pain, emesis, diarrhea and parasitic diseases in China.

Studies on functional connections between the supraoptic nucleus and the stomach in rats

The present study was to investigate whether there are functional connections between the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) and the stomach, which is the case with the paraventricular nucleus. The rats were divided into four groups. Group I: the neuronal discharge was recorded extracellularly in the NTS, DMV or SON before and after cold physiological saline (4°C) was perfused into the stomach and effused from the duodenum. Group II: the rats were stimulated as for Group I and c-Fos expression in NTS, DMV and SON was examined. Group III: the control to Group II. Group IV: gastric motility was recorded continuously before and after microinjection of L: -Glu into the SON. In Group I, the discharge frequency increased in all the three nuclei, while in Group II, Fos expression in NTS, DMV and SON was, respectively, greater than that of Group III. In Group IV, microinjection of L: -Glu (5 nmol) into SON significantly inhibited gastric motility. These data suggest there are functional connections between SON and stomach.