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Takahashi Y, Sonoo T, Nakano H, Naraba H, Hashimoto H, Nakamura K. The influence of edema on the bisoprolol blood concentration after bisoprolol dermal patch application: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27354. [PMID: 34559159 PMCID: PMC8462653 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beta-blocking is important for critically ill patients. Although some patients are required to continue taking beta-blockers after they no longer need critical care, some of these patients have impaired swallowing abilities. Bisoprolol dermal patches have recently been introduced and appear to be a good alternative to oral bisoprolol tablets. However, it is still unclear whether the pharmacodynamics of such patches are affected by edema in patients who have experienced critical care. This study aimed to clarify the effects of systemic edema on beta-blocker absorption from dermal patches in critically ill patients. METHOD Patients who exhibited tachycardia and impaired swallowing function after critical care were included in this study. They were assigned to either the edema group (n = 6) or no edema group (n = 6) depending on the presence/absence of edema in the lower extremities. A bisoprolol dermal patch was pasted onto each subject, and the blood bisoprolol concentration was checked at 8 timepoints over the next 24 hours. The area under the serum concentration time curve, maximum concentration observed (Cmax), and time of maximum concentration observed were also examined. RESULT The mean blood bisoprolol concentrations of the 2 groups were not significantly different at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, or 24 hours after the patch application. The area under the serum concentration time curve and maximum concentration observed were not different between the groups. The mean heart rates of the 2 groups were not significantly different at 6, 12, or 24 hours after the patch application (Student t test, P = .0588, P = .1080, and P = .2322, respectively). CONCLUSION In this study, the blood concentration of bisoprolol and its heart rate-reducing effects after bisoprolol dermal patch application might not be affected by systemic edema in the lower extremities.
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Eftekhari A, Frederiksen H, Andersson AM, Weschler CJ, Morrison G. Predicting Transdermal Uptake of Phthalates and a Paraben from Cosmetic Cream Using the Measured Fugacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7471-7484. [PMID: 32432857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Transdermal uptake models compliment in vitro and in vivo experiments in assessing risk of environmental exposures to semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs). A key parameter for mechanistic models is the chemical driving force for mass transfer from environmental media to human skin. In this research, we measure this driving force in the form of fugacity for chemicals in cosmetic cream and use it to model uptake from cosmetics as a surrogate for condensed environmental media. A simple cosmetic cream, containing no target analytes, was mixed with diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), and butyl paraben (BP) and diluted to make creams with concentrations ranging from 0.025% to 6%. The fugacity, relative to the pure compound, was measured using solid-phase micro extraction (SPME). We found that the relationship between the concentration and fugacity is highly nonlinear. The relative fugacity of the chemicals for a 2% w/w formulation was used in a diffusion-based model to predict transdermal uptake of each chemical and was compared with excretion data from a prior human subject study with the same formulation. Dynamic simulations of excretion are generally consistent with the results of the human subject experiment but sensitive to the input parameters, especially the time between cream application and showering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Eftekhari
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna-Maria Andersson
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charles J Weschler
- International Center for Indoor Environment and Energy, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Glenn Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27516, United States
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La Count TD, Zhang Q, Murawsky M, Hao J, Ghosh P, Dave K, Raney SG, Talattof A, Kasting GB, Li SK. Evaluation of Heat Effects on Transdermal Nicotine Delivery In Vitro and In Silico Using Heat-Enhanced Transport Model Analysis. AAPS JOURNAL 2020; 22:82. [PMID: 32488395 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-020-00457-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A combined experimental and computational model approach was developed to assess heat effects on drug delivery from transdermal delivery systems (TDSs) in vitro and nicotine was the model drug. A Franz diffusion cell system was modified to allow close control of skin temperature when heat was applied from an infrared lamp in vitro. The effects of different heat application regimens on nicotine fluxes from two commercial TDSs across human cadaver skin were determined. Results were interpreted in terms of transport parameters estimated using a computational heat and mass transport model. Steady-state skin surface temperature was obtained rapidly after heat application. Increasing skin surface temperature from 32 to 42°C resulted in an approximately 2-fold increase in average nicotine flux for both TDSs, with maximum flux observed during early heat application. ANOVA statistical analyses of the in vitro permeation data identified TDS differences, further evidenced by the need for a two-layer model to describe one of the TDSs. Activation energies associated with these data suggest similar temperature effects on nicotine transport across the skin despite TDS design differences. Model simulations based on data obtained from continuous heat application were able to predict system response to intermittent heat application, as shown by the agreement between the simulation results and experimental data of nicotine fluxes under four different heat application regimens. The combination of in vitro permeation testing and a computational model provided a parameter-based heat and mass transport approach to evaluate heat effects on nicotine TDS delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terri D La Count
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Michael Murawsky
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Jinsong Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, 25755, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Campbell University, Buies Creek, North Carolina, 27506, USA
| | - Priyanka Ghosh
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Kaushalkumar Dave
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Sam G Raney
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Arjang Talattof
- Office of Research and Standards, Office of Generic Drugs, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, USA
| | - Gerald B Kasting
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - S Kevin Li
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA.
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Niyogi P, Pattnaik S, Maharana L, Mohapatra R, Haldar S. Temperature-dependent mucosal permeation kinetics of stigmasterol microspheres: In vivo mice model antioral candidiasis study. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:1636-1654. [PMID: 31721433 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Evaluation of mucosal permeation of stigmasterol from the glutaraldehyde cross linked chitosan microspheres at increasing experimental temperatures was performed. The activation energy of permeation, partition, and diffusion were estimated to understand the permeation kinetic with respect to the temperature. The formulation depicting least activation energy possessed the increased permeation thresholds of drug at the site of application. The encapsulation efficacy and mucoadhesive strength were found to be directly proportional to the polymer-emulsifier ratio. Decreased intensity in crystallography directed the molecular dispersion of microencapsulated drug. The depleted enthalpic phase transition in thermogram affirmed the stigmasterol encapsulation. The sphericity and the size of microspheres were determined by scanning electron photo micrograph. The in vivo quantification of oral Candida infection with different statistical approach and histopathological observation of infected tongue of mice on treatment with the stigmasterol encapsulated microspheres showed significant anti oral candidiasis activity by reduction of fungal colony count and recovery of papillae, reorganization of basal cell layer and newly formed papillae during 21-28 days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Niyogi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Snigdha Pattnaik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Laxmidhar Maharana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rajaram Mohapatra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Saikat Haldar
- Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plants Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India
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Takizawa Y, Goto T, Sato S, Ohmori N, Mori K, Shimada Y, Chen K, Miyagi T, Fukai F. Skin permeability of tulobuterol in two transdermal formulations and their followability. Drug Discov Ther 2017; 11:253-258. [PMID: 29021505 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2017.01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Various generic transdermal formulations of tulobuterol containing rubber and acrylate base polymers are commercially available in Japan. However, none of the formulations have been compared directly with respect to the skin permeability of tulobuterol and to their follow ability. Tulobuterol Tape Sawai of rubber base and Tulobuterol Tape NP of acrylate base were used to conduct the in vitro 24-hour skin permeability test of tulobuterol at receiver solution temperatures of 32°C, 37°C, and 40°C. Furthermore, the followability of these tapes were examined by measuring the depth of the pores that were formed in their adhesive layer. Consequently, the maximum flux of tulobuterol was greater for Tulobuterol Tape NP. Arrhenius plot analysis revealed that Tulobuterol Tape Sawai was more sensitive to skin surface temperature compared with Tulobuterol Tape NP. Skin abrasion had a greater effect on the skin permeability of tulobuterol in Tulobuterol Tape Sawai than in Tulobuterol Tape NP. Followability was greater for Tulobuterol Tape NP than for Tulobuterol Tape Sawai. These results suggest that a transdermal formulation of acrylate base is preferable to that with a rubber base when skin surface temperature varies or when the skin is abraded. In clinical settings, therefore, a formulation of acrylate base is preferable to a formulation of rubber base when skin surface temperature varies or when the skin is abraded. The formulation needs to be applied to the skin of less asperity for the achievement of better transdermal absorption of tulobuterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Takizawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
| | - Takeshi Goto
- Faculity of Nursing, Josai International University.,Kazusa Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Shuji Sato
- Faculity of Nursing, Josai International University.,Kazusa Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Naoya Ohmori
- Faculity of Nursing, Josai International University.,Kazusa Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Kenji Mori
- Kazusa Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Yayoi Shimada
- Kazusa Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Kuei Chen
- Kazusa Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | | | - Fumio Fukai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science
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Zou Y, Celli A, Zhu H, Elmahdy A, Cao Y, Hui X, Maibach H. Confocal laser scanning microscopy to estimate nanoparticles' human skin penetration in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:8035-8041. [PMID: 29184403 PMCID: PMC5673047 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s139139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective With rapid development of nanotechnology, there is increasing interest in nanoparticle (NP) application and its safety and efficacy on human skin. In this study, we utilized confocal laser scanning microscopy to estimate NP skin penetration. Methods Three different-sized polystyrene NPs marked with red fluorescence were applied to human skin, and Calcium Green 5N was used as a counterstain. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethanol were used as alternative vehicles for NPs. Tape stripping was utilized as a barrier-damaged skin model. Skin biopsies dosed with NPs were incubated at 4°C or 37°C for 24 hours and imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results NPs were localized in the stratum corneum (SC) and hair follicles without penetrating the epidermis/dermis. Barrier alteration with tape stripping and change in incubation temperature did not induce deeper penetration. DMSO enhanced NP SC penetration but ethanol did not. Conclusion Except with DMSO vehicle, these hydrolyzed polystyrene NPs did not penetrate intact or barrier-damaged human “viable” epidermis. For further clinical relevance, in vivo human skin studies and more sensitive analytic chemical methodology are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zou
- Skin & Cosmetic Research Department, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna Celli
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,San Francisco Veterans Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hanjiang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Akram Elmahdy
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yachao Cao
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoying Hui
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Howard Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Ishida M, Takeuchi H, Endo H, Yamaguchi JI. Impact of Humidity on In Vitro Human Skin Permeation Experiments for Predicting In Vivo Permeability. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:4223-4231. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pattnaik S, Swain K, Rao JV, Varun T, Mallick S. Temperature influencing permeation pattern of alfuzosin: an investigation using DoE. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2015; 51:253-61. [PMID: 26424191 DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There has been relatively little investigation of the effect of temperature on skin permeation compared to other methods of penetration enhancement. A principal physicochemical factor which controls the passive diffusion of a solute from a vehicle into the skin arises from the skin temperature. The aim of this ex vivo study was to probe into the effect of heat on transdermal absorption of alfuzosin hydrochloride from ethyl cellulose-polyvinyl pyrrolidone (EC-PVP) based transdermal systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Principles of design of experiment (DoE) were used to systematically study the influence of temperature on transdermal permeation of alfuzosin. Ex vivo transdermal permeation studies were carried out at varied donor compartment temperatures. Permeation data analysis was carried out and activation energy for transdermal permeation was estimated. RESULTS Temperature found to enhance ex vivo permeation parameters of alfuzosin hydrochloride from its transdermal systems. It was also noted that chemical permeation enhancers potentiate permeation enhancing effect of temperature. The permeation flux values approximately doubled after exposure to 45°C. The activation energy for transdermal permeation was found lower for the runs with chemical permeation enhancers indicating existence of a lower energy barrier in the presence of chemical permeation enhancers. CONCLUSION The method reported here is a simple and useful tool for studying the effect of heat on percutaneous absorption. Such temperature dependent enhancement of flux can be more pronounced at skin surface temperatures >45°C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalpana Swain
- Talla Padmavathi College of Pharmacy, Orus, Warangal, India
| | | | - Talla Varun
- Talla Padmavathi College of Pharmacy, Orus, Warangal, India
| | - Subrata Mallick
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India
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Mohapatra R, Senapati S, Sahoo C, Mallick S. Transcorneal permeation of diclofenac as a function of temperature from film formulation in presence of triethanolamine and benzalkonium chloride. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:170-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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