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Wei Z, Chen X, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Dong R, Wang X, Chen S. Exploring the molecular mechanisms and shared potential drugs between rheumatoid arthritis and arthrofibrosis based on large language model and synovial microenvironment analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18939. [PMID: 39147768 PMCID: PMC11327321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and arthrofibrosis (AF) are both chronic synovial hyperplasia diseases that result in joint stiffness and contractures. They shared similar symptoms and many common features in pathogenesis. Our study aims to perform a comprehensive analysis between RA and AF and identify novel drugs for clinical use. Based on the text mining approaches, we performed a correlation analysis of 12 common joint diseases including arthrofibrosis, gouty arthritis, infectious arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, osteoarthritis, post infectious arthropathies, post traumatic osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, septic arthritis, and transient arthritis. 5 bulk sequencing datasets and 4 single-cell sequencing datasets of RA and AF were integrated and analyzed. A novel drug repositioning method was found for drug screening, and text mining approaches were used to verify the identified drugs. RA and AF performed the highest gene similarity (0.77) and functional ontology similarity (0.84) among all 12 joint diseases. We figured out that they share the same key pathogenic cell including CD34 + sublining fibroblasts (CD34-SLF) and DKK3 + sublining fibroblasts (DKK3-SLF). Potential therapeutic target database (PTTD) was established with the differential expressed genes (DEGs) of these key pathogenic cells. Based on the PTTD, 15 potential drugs for AF and 16 potential drugs for RA were identified. This work provides a new perspective on AF and RA study which enhances our understanding of their pathogenesis. It also shed light on their underlying mechanism and open new avenues for drug repositioning studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoquan Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, North China Medical and Health Group Xingtai General Hospital, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Adult Joint Reconstructive Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital medical University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Youshi Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, North China Medical and Health Group Xingtai General Hospital, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, North China Medical and Health Group Xingtai General Hospital, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shuangtao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, North China Medical and Health Group Xingtai General Hospital, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Pai P, Vijeev A, Phadke S, Shetty MG, Sundara BK. Epi-revolution in rheumatology: the potential of histone deacetylase inhibitors for targeted rheumatoid arthritis intervention. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2109-2123. [PMID: 38714604 PMCID: PMC11300544 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases hold significant importance in the realm of medical research, prompting a thorough exploration of potential therapeutic interventions. One crucial aspect of this exploration involves understanding the intricate processes of histone acetylation and deacetylation. Histone acetylation, facilitated by histone acetyl transferases (HATs), is instrumental in rendering DNA transcriptionally active. Conversely, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are responsible for the removal of acetyl groups, influencing gene expression regulation. The upregulation of HDACs, observed in various cancers, has steered attention towards histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) as promising anti-cancer agents. Beyond cancer, HDACi has demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, prompting interest in their potential therapeutic applications for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA, characterized by the immune system erroneously attacking healthy cells, leads to joint inflammation. Recent studies suggest that HDACi could offer a viable therapeutic strategy for RA, with potential mechanisms including the inhibition of synovial tissue growth and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, HDACi may exert protective effects on bone and cartilage, common targets in RA pathology. In-depth investigations through in vivo and histopathology studies contribute to the ongoing discourse on the therapeutic benefits of HDACis in the context of RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Pai
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Aradhika Vijeev
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharada Phadke
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Manasa Gangadhar Shetty
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Babitha Kampa Sundara
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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3
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Hazzaa HH, El Shiekh MAM, Elkashty O, Magdy E, Riad D, Khalifa E, Elewa GM, Kamal NM. A critical influence of HIF-1 on MMP-9 and Galectin-3 in oral lichen planus. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:756. [PMID: 38951854 PMCID: PMC11218350 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral lichen planus carries a risk for malignancy. The pathogenesis of the disease is mediated by various inflammatory mediators. Several mediators could be responsible for the oncogenic behavior in certain cases. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (HIF-1), and its possible correlation to Galactin-3 (Gal-3) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) over expression represents an important indicator for malignant transformation. The investigation of these factors may present evidence-based information on malignant transformation of the disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study investigated the expression of HIF-1, Gla-3 and MMP-9 in tissue samples of OLP compared to control subjects of un-inflamed gingival overgrowth. 20 biospecimen were allocated in each group. RESULTS Immunohistochemical findings of OLP showed immunoreactivity for Galectin 3, HIF1a and MMP-9 by most of the epithelial cells. There was a positive correlation between HIF1α and MMP-9, r = 0.9301 (P-value < 0.00001). A positive correlation was detected between Galectin 3 and MMP-9, r = 0.7292 (P-value = 0.000264) between Galectin 3 and HIF1α, r = 0.5893 (P-value = 0.006252). CONCLUSION These findings confirm the hypothesis that the adaptive pathways to hypoxia as Gal 3 and MMP-9 expressions and their HIF-1 may play a crucial role in carcinogenesis of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala H Hazzaa
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa A M El Shiekh
- Oral and Dental Biology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama Elkashty
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Magdy
- Department of Oral Medicine, Diagnosis and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni_Suef University, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dalia Riad
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni_Suef University, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Khalifa
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Delta University for Science & Technology, Dakhliya, Egypt
| | - Gasser M Elewa
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Delta University for Science and Technology, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Kamal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October, Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Gao C, Song XD, Chen FH, Wei GL, Guo CY. The protective effect of natural medicines in rheumatoid arthritis via inhibit angiogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1380098. [PMID: 38881875 PMCID: PMC11176484 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1380098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic immunological disease leading to the progressive bone and joint destruction. Angiogenesis, accompanied by synovial hyperplasia and inflammation underlies joint destruction. Delaying or even blocking synovial angiogenesis has emerged as an important target of RA treatment. Natural medicines has a long history of treating RA, and numerous reports have suggested that natural medicines have a strong inhibitory activity on synovial angiogenesis, thereby improving the progression of RA. Natural medicines could regulate the following signaling pathways: HIF/VEGF/ANG, PI3K/Akt pathway, MAPKs pathway, NF-κB pathway, PPARγ pathway, JAK2/STAT3 pathway, etc., thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (TwHF), sinomenine, and total glucoside of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Are currently the most representative of all natural products worthy of development and utilization. In this paper, the main factors affecting angiogenesis were discussed and different types of natural medicines that inhibit angiogenesis were systematically summarized. Their specific anti-angiogenesis mechanisms are also reviewed which aiming to provide new perspective and options for the management of RA by targeting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Di Song
- Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, Ganzhou, China
| | - Fang-Hui Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, Ganzhou, China
| | - Gui-Lin Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yu Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, Ganzhou, China
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Garcia MR, Andrade PB, Lefranc F, Gomes NGM. Marine-Derived Leads as Anticancer Candidates by Disrupting Hypoxic Signaling through Hypoxia-Inducible Factors Inhibition. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:143. [PMID: 38667760 PMCID: PMC11051506 DOI: 10.3390/md22040143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The inadequate vascularization seen in fast-growing solid tumors gives rise to hypoxic areas, fostering specific changes in gene expression that bolster tumor cell survival and metastasis, ultimately leading to unfavorable clinical prognoses across different cancer types. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1 and HIF-2) emerge as druggable pivotal players orchestrating tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, thus positioning them as prime targets for cancer treatment. A range of HIF inhibitors, notably natural compounds originating from marine organisms, exhibit encouraging anticancer properties, underscoring their significance as promising therapeutic options. Bioprospection of the marine environment is now a well-settled approach to the discovery and development of anticancer agents that might have their medicinal chemistry developed into clinical candidates. However, despite the massive increase in the number of marine natural products classified as 'anticancer leads,' most of which correspond to general cytotoxic agents, and only a few have been characterized regarding their molecular targets and mechanisms of action. The current review presents a critical analysis of inhibitors of HIF-1 and HIF-2 and hypoxia-selective compounds that have been sourced from marine organisms and that might act as new chemotherapeutic candidates or serve as templates for the development of structurally similar derivatives with improved anticancer efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Garcia
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
- 1H-TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula B. Andrade
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B), CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Nelson G. M. Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (P.B.A.)
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Li M, Yu H, Li Y, Li X, Huang S, Liu X, Weng G, Xu L, Hou T, Guo DS, Wang Y. Rational design of supramolecular self-assembly sensor for living cell imaging of HDAC1 and its application in high-throughput screening. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 242:115716. [PMID: 37820557 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry offers new insights in bioimaging, but specific tracking of enzyme in living cells via supramolecular host-guest reporter pair remains challenging, largely due to the interference caused by the complex cellular environment on the binding between analytes and hosts. Here, by exploiting the principle of supramolecular tandem assay (STA) and the classic host-guest reporter pair (p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4A) and lucigenin (LCG)) and rationally designing artificial peptide library to screen sequence with high affinity of the target enzyme, we developed a "turn-on" fluorescent sensing system for intracellular imaging of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), which is a potential therapeutic target for various diseases, including cancer, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases. Based on computational simulations and experimental validations, we verified that the deacetylated peptide by HDAC1 competed LCG, freeing it from the SC4A causing fluorescence increase. Enzyme kinetics experiments were further conducted to prove that this assay could detect HDAC1 specifically with high sensitivity (the LOD value is 0.015 μg/mL, ten times lower than the published method). This system was further applied for high-throughput screening of HDAC1 inhibitors over a natural compound library containing 147 compounds, resulting in the identification of a novel HDAC1 down-regulator (Ginsenoside RK3). Our results demonstrated the sensitivity and robustness of the assay system towards HDAC1. It should serve as a valuable tool for biochemical studies and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huijuan Yu
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yiran Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road 487372, Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road 487372, Singapore
| | - Gaoqi Weng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Future Health Laboratory Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314100, China.
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7
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Yao D, Li M, Wang K, Jin S, Zeng W, Liao Z, Chen E, Liang Y, Xing T, Wen G, Liang C, Su K, Lu S, Che Z, Li Y, Huang L. Emodin ameliorates matrix degradation and apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells and attenuates intervertebral disc degeneration through LRP1 in vitro and in vivo. Exp Cell Res 2023; 432:113794. [PMID: 37741491 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, with a strong correlation to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Inflammation-induced extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation plays a major role in IDD's progression. Emodin, known for its anti-inflammatory effects and ability to inhibit ECM degradation in osteoarthritis, but its role in IDD is unclear. Our study aimed to explore emodin's role and mechanisms on IDD both in vivo and in vitro. We discovered that emodin positively regulated anabolic markers (COL2A1, aggrecan) and negatively impacted catabolic markers (MMP3, MMP13) in nucleus pulposus cells, while also inhibiting cell apoptosis under inflammation environment. We revealed that emodin inhibits inflammation-induced NF-ĸB activation by suppressing the degradation of LRP1 via the proteasome pathway. Additionally, LRP1 was validated as essential to emodin's regulation of ECM metabolism and apoptosis, both in vitro and in vivo. Ultimately, we demonstrated that emodin effectively alleviates IDD in a rat model. Our findings uncover the novel pathway of emodin inhibiting ECM degradation and apoptosis through the inhibition of NF-κB via LRP1, thus alleviating IDD. This study not only broadens our understanding of emodin's role and mechanism in IDD treatment but also guides future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengbo Yao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Weike Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Zhuangyao Liao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Enming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Tong Xing
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Guoming Wen
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Changchun Liang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Kaihui Su
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Shixin Lu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Zhen Che
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yuxi Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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8
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Zheng X, Zhao D, Jin Y, Liu Y, Liu D. Role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in gynecological disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115393. [PMID: 37660654 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the innate immune system and is a three-part macromolecular complex comprising the NLRP3 protein, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and the cysteine protease pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated, it can produce interleukin (IL)- 1β and IL-18 and eventually lead to inflammatory cell pyroptosis. Related studies have demonstrated that the NLRP3 inflammasome can induce an immune response and is related to the occurrence and development of gynecological diseases, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors are beneficial for maintaining cellular homeostasis and tissue health and have been found effective in targeting some gynecological diseases. However, excessive inhibitor concentrations have been found to cause adverse effects. Therefore, proper control of NLRP3 inflammasome activity is critical. This paper summarizes the structure and function of the NLRP3 inflammasome and highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting it in gynecological diseases, such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome and breast cancer The application of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Ye Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Acupuncture department,Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin, China.
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9
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Vijaykrishnaraj M, Patil P, Ghate SD, Bhandary AK, Haridas VM, Shetty P. Efficacy of HDAC inhibitors and epigenetic modulation in the amelioration of synovial inflammation, cellular invasion, and bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110644. [PMID: 37454631 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an auto-immune disorder affected 1 % of the population around the globe. The pathophysiology of RA is highly concerted process including synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, bone erosion, synovial cell infiltration in joints, and cartilage destruction. However, recent reports suggest that epigenetics play a pivotal role in the formation and organization of immune response in RA. Particularly, altered DNA methylation and impaired microRNA (miRNA) were detected in several immune cells of RA patients, such as T regulatory cells, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and blood mononuclear cells. All these processes can be reversed by regulating the ubiquitous or tissue-based expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) to counteract and terminate them. Hence, HDAC inhibitors (HDACi) could serve as highly potent anti-inflammatory regulators in the uniform amelioration of inflammation. Therefore, this review encompasses the information mainly focussing on the epigenetic modulation in RA pathogenesis and the efficacy of HDACi as an alternative therapeutic option for RA treatment. Overall, these studies have reported the targeting of HDAC1, 2 & 6 molecules would attenuate synoviocyte inflammation, cellular invasion, and bone erosion. Further, the inhibitors such as trichostatin A, suberoyl bis-hydroxamic acid, suberoyl anilide hydroxamic acid, and other compounds are found to attenuate synovial inflammatory immune response, clinical arthritis score, paw swelling, bone erosion, and cartilage destruction. Insight to view this, more clinical studies are required to determine the efficacy of HDACi in RA treatment and to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vijaykrishnaraj
- Central Research Laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India
| | - Prakash Patil
- Central Research Laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India
| | - Sudeep D Ghate
- Center for Bioinformatics, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India
| | - Adithi K Bhandary
- Department of General Medicine, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India
| | - Vikram M Haridas
- Arthritis Super Speciality Centre, Hubli 580020, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveenkumar Shetty
- Central Research Laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangaluru 575018, India.
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10
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Emodin Alleviates Lupus Nephritis in Rats by Regulating M1/M2 Macrophage Polarization. J CHEM-NY 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/5224921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most common clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), causing death and disability. The current research study explored whether there was any improvement effect on LN after emodin administration. Network pharmacology was used to screen the target genes of emodin for the treatment of LN. LPS and IL-4 were employed for RAW264.7 macrophage M1/M2 polarization induction, and 0.1% HgCl2 was used for the LN rat model’s establishment. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the effect of 20, 40, and 80 µM emodin on RAW264.7 macrophage polarization. HE and PAS staining were subsequently conducted to detect 70 mg/kg emodin action on renal injury in LN rats. The effect of emodin on the content of urinary proteins and dsDNA antibodies was also determined. The results indicated that peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors gamma (PPARG) may be a target gene of emodin in LN, and emodin had no significant toxicity to macrophages at different concentrations. Compared with the control, emodin significantly inhibited LPS-induced polarization in M1 macrophages and improved that of IL-4-induced M2 macrophages. Besides, emodin alleviated kidney injury and markedly reduced the levels of urinary protein and dsDNA antibodies in rats. Moreover, after targeting interference with the PPARG expression, the improvement effect of emodin on LN is significantly reduced, indicating that emodin may relieve the symptoms of LN by activating the PPARG expression. Our study revealed that PPARG may be applied as a new therapy for LN.
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Mechanism of Emodin in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9482570. [PMID: 36225183 PMCID: PMC9550445 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9482570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, and autoimmune disease, and its main pathological changes are inflammatory cell infiltration accompanied by the secretion and accumulation of a variety of related cytokines, which induce the destruction of cartilage and bone tissue. Therefore, the modulation of inflammatory cells and cytokines is a key therapeutic target for controlling inflammation in RA. This review details the effects of emodin on the differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and regulatory T cells. In addition, the systematic introduction of emodin directly or indirectly affects proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-19, and M-CSF) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (the secretion of IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β) through the coregulation of a variety of inflammatory cytokines to inhibit inflammation in RA and promote recovery. Understanding the potential mechanism of emodin in the treatment of RA in detail provides a systematic theoretical basis for the clinical application of emodin in the future.
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Systematic Review: Targeted Molecular Imaging of Angiogenesis and Its Mediators in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137071. [PMID: 35806074 PMCID: PMC9267012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive angiogenesis is a characteristic feature in the synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from a very early stage of the disease onward and constitutes a crucial event for the development of the proliferative synovium. This process is markedly intensified in patients with prolonged disease duration, high disease activity, disease severity, and significant inflammatory cell infiltration. Angiogenesis is therefore an interesting target for the development of new therapeutic approaches as well as disease monitoring strategies in RA. To this end, nuclear imaging modalities represent valuable non-invasive tools that can selectively target molecular markers of angiogenesis and accurately and quantitatively track molecular changes in multiple joints simultaneously. This systematic review summarizes the imaging markers used for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and/or positron emission tomography (PET) approaches, targeting pathways and mediators involved in synovial neo-angiogenesis in RA.
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Effects of Anthraquinones on Immune Responses and Inflammatory Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27123831. [PMID: 35744949 PMCID: PMC9230691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthraquinones (AQs) and derivatives are widely distributed in nature, including plants, fungi, and insects, with effects of anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation, antibacterial and antiviral, anti-osteoporosis, anti-tumor, etc. Inflammation, including acute and chronic, is a comprehensive response to foreign pathogens under a variety of physiological and pathological processes. AQs could attenuate symptoms and tissue damages through anti-inflammatory or immuno-modulatory effects. The review aims to provide a scientific summary of AQs on immune responses under different pathological conditions, such as digestive diseases, respiratory diseases, central nervous system diseases, etc. It is hoped that the present paper will provide ideas for future studies of the immuno-regulatory effect of AQs and the therapeutic potential for drug development and clinical use of AQs and derivatives.
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Semwal RB, Semwal DK, Combrinck S, Viljoen A. Emodin - A natural anthraquinone derivative with diverse pharmacological activities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 190:112854. [PMID: 34311280 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone) is a natural anthraquinone derivative that is present in numerous globally renowned herbal medicines. It is recognised as a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor and as an anticancer drug, active against various tumour cells, including lung, breast, liver, and ovarian cancer cells. Recently, its role in combination chemotherapy with various allopathic medicines, to minimize their toxicity and to enhance their efficacy, has been studied. The use of emodin in these therapies is gaining popularity, due to fewer associated side effects compared with standard anticancer drugs. Emodin has a broad therapeutic window, and in addition to its antineoplastic activity, it displays anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, muscle relaxant, immunosuppressive and antifibrotic activities, in both in vitro and in vivo models. Although reviews on the anticancer activity of emodin have been published, none coherently unite all the pharmacological properties of emodin, particularly the anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunosuppressive and hepatoprotective activities of the compound. Hence, in this review, all of the available data regarding the pharmacological properties of emodin are explored, with particular emphasis on the modes of action of the molecule. In addition, the manuscript details the occurrence, biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of the compound, as well as its toxic effects on biotic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Badoni Semwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, Pt. Lalit Mohan Sharma Govt. Post Graduate College, Rishikesh, 249201, India
| | - Deepak Kumar Semwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Harrawala, Dehradun, 248001, India
| | - Sandra Combrinck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Alvaro Viljoen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; SAMRC Herbal Drugs Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
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Behl T, Mehta K, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Ahmadi A, Arora S, Bungau S. Exploring the role of polyphenols in rheumatoid arthritis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5372-5393. [PMID: 33998910 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1924613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory and autoimmune disorder which is mainly characterized by inflammation in joints, bone erosions and cartilaginous destruction that leads to joint dysfunction, deformation, and/or permanent functional impairment. The prevalence of RA is increasing, incurring a considerable burden on healthcare systems globally. The exact etiology of RA is unknown, with various pathways implicated in its pathophysiology. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including celecoxib, diclofenac and ibuprofen, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) including azathioprine, methotrexate and cyclosporine, biological agents including anakinra, infliximab, and rituximab and immunosuppressants are used for symptomatic relief in patients with RA, but these medications have severe adverse effects such as gastric ulcers, hypertension, hepatotoxicity and renal abnormalities which restrict their use in the treatment of RA; new RA treatments with minimal side-effects are urgently required. There is accumulating evidence that dietary polyphenols may show therapeutic efficacy in RA through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, and immunosuppressant activities and modulation of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), IL-1β, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear factor κ light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) pathways. While resveratrol, genistein, carnosol, epigallocatechin gallate, curcumin, kaempferol, and hydroxytyrosol have also been studied for the treatment of RA, the majority of data are derived from animal models. Here, we review the various pathways involved in the development of RA and the preclinical and clinical data supporting polyphenols as potential therapeutic agents in RA patients. Our review highlights that high-quality clinical studies are required to decisively establish the anti-rheumatic efficacy of polyphenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Keshav Mehta
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medial Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Liu C, Chen L, Wang W, Qin D, Jia C, Yuan M, Wang H, Guo Y, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Zhao H, Liu T. Emodin Suppresses the Migration and Invasion of Melanoma Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:771-779. [PMID: 33731543 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone), as an active ingredient in rhubarb roots and rhizomes, has been reported to possess various pharmacological properties including anti-tumor effects. Recent studies have confirmed that emodin inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of cancer cells. However, the inhibitory effect of emodin on the migration and invasion of melanoma cells and its underlying mechanism are still unclear. In the study, we observed the impercipient effects of emodin in B16F10 and A375 melanoma cells with strong metastatic abilities, focusing on the functions and mechanisms of migration and invasion of B16F10 and A375 melanoma cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation test and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) staining tests confirmed that emodin possessed anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in B16F10 and A375 cells. The inhibitory effects on the migration and invasion of B16F10 and A375 cells were proved by wound healing assay and Transwell methods. Moreover, immunofluorescence assay approved the decrease in protein expression of matrix metalloproteinas (MMP)-2/-9 by emodin, and Western blot analyses revealed that emodin could increase the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and inhibit the MMP-2/-9 protein expression and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in a dose-depended manner. BML-284, as an agonist of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, reversed the effects of emodin on cell growth, migration and invasion in B16F10 cells. These findings may suggest that emodin treatment can be a promising therapeutic strategy for melanoma with highly metastatic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Wanchen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Dengke Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Chuanlong Jia
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Mingjie Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Heng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatric Medicine, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Haiguang Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fu Dan University
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Hu H, Song X, Li Y, Ma T, Bai H, Zhao M, Wang X, Liu L, Gao L. Emodin protects knee joint cartilage in rats through anti-matrix degradation pathway: An in vitro and in vivo study. Life Sci 2021; 269:119001. [PMID: 33421527 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.119001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease and the main cause of disability. We sought to determine the effective concentration of emodin on chondrocytes and to identify the dosage of emodin that induces a comparable therapeutic effect with the COX-2 inhibitor drug, celecoxib that is currently used to treat OA. MATERIAL AND METHODS In vitro experiments induced inflammation of chondrocytes by IL-1β, and an osteoarthritis model was established in vivo by cutting rat anterior cruciate ligament. Western Blot, Real-time PCR, HE staining, Safranin O-green staining and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, iNOS and COL2A1 on the chondrocytes or the tibial plateau. The cytokine activity and content in serum of six groups of rats were measured by kit. RESULTS It was found that the surface layer of the cartilage was thicker and smoother after the administration of emodin. Tissue expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and iNOS were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in chondrocytes and cartilage treated with different doses of emodin, and the content of COL2A1 was reversed. Emodin also significantly decreased the blood levels of COX-2 and PGE2. The effective emodin in vitro was 5 μmol/L, whereas emodin at 80 mg/kg was equivalent to celecoxib in vivo. CONCLUSION Emodin reduces the expression of cartilage matrix degradation biomarkers, thereby reducing the degradation of cartilage matrix and protecting the knee joint cartilage. Emodin at 5 μmol/L shows the best concentration to treat chondrocytes, and the protective effect of emodin at 80 mg/kg is comparable to that of celecoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaopeng Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tianwen Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingchao Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Harbin 150030, China.
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Wang XY, Sun GB, Wang YJ, Yan F. Emodin Inhibits Resistance to Imatinib by Downregulation of Bcr-Abl and STAT5 and Allosteric Inhibition in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:1526-1533. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Ya-Jing Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University
| | - Fang Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University
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George G, Shyni GL, Raghu KG. Current and novel therapeutic targets in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:1457-1476. [PMID: 32948901 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-020-00757-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a multifactorial disease characterized by synovitis, cartilage destruction, bone erosion, and periarticular decalcification, finally results in impairment of joint function. Both genetic and environmental factors are risk factors in the development of RA. Unwanted side effects accompany most of the current treatment strategies, and around 20-40% of patients with RA do not clinically benefit from these treatments. The unmet need for new treatment options for RA has prompted research in the development of novel agents acting through physiologically and pharmacologically relevant targets. Here we discuss in detail three critical pathways, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), Th17, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), and their roles as unique therapeutic targets in the field of RA. Some of the less developed but potential targets like nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain-like receptor containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genu George
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - G L Shyni
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - K G Raghu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Mechanism Laboratory, Agro-Processing and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India.
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20
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Wu J, Fan KJ, Wang QS, Xu BX, Cai Q, Wang TY. DMY protects the knee joints of rats with collagen-induced arthritis by inhibition of NF-κB signaling and osteoclastic bone resorption. Food Funct 2020; 11:6251-6264. [PMID: 32596704 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00396d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a widely used animal model for studying rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which manifests serious joint dysfunction, progressive bone erosion and articular cartilage destruction. Considering that joint damage in RA is caused by systemic inflammation and dihydromyricetin (DMY), the main flavonoid of Ampelopsis Michx, possesses anti-inflammatory properties, in the present study we have investigated the potential capability of DMY to inhibit inflammation-mediated joint damage and explore the underlying mechanisms. A rat model of RA induced by CIA was administered with DMY for 5 weeks. Prior to histological analysis, the knee joints were scanned by microcomputed tomography (μCT) to detect bone damage. Articular cartilage destruction was assessed by Alcian blue and Toluidine blue staining and the pathological alteration of osteoblasts and osteoclasts in joints was evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, respectively. The effects of DMY on osteoblast differentiation and osteoclast formation in vitro were investigated. Consistent with the in vivo results, DMY had no significant effect on osteoblast differentiation but an inhibitory effect on osteoclast formation. Furthermore, we determined that the mechanism of the DMY-suppressed osteoclast formation was blocking the phosphorylation of I-κB kinase (IKK) so as to hinder the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Collectively, DMY could ameliorate knee joint damage, especially in articular cartilage, which is the weight-bearing region, by inhibiting osteoclast formation through NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
During nearly 100 years of research on cancer cachexia (CC), science has been reciting the same mantra: it is a multifactorial syndrome. The aim of this paper is to show that the symptoms are many, but they have a single cause: anoxia. CC is a complex and devastating condition that affects a high proportion of advanced cancer patients. Unfortunately, it cannot be reversed by traditional nutritional support and it generally reduces survival time. It is characterized by significant weight loss, mainly from fat deposits and skeletal muscles. The occurrence of cachexia in cancer patients is usually a late phenomenon. The conundrum is why do similar patients with similar tumors, develop cachexia and others do not? Even if cachexia is mainly a metabolic dysfunction, there are other issues involved such as the activation of inflammatory responses and crosstalk between different cell types. The exact mechanism leading to a wasting syndrome is not known, however there are some factors that are surely involved, such as anorexia with lower calorie intake, increased glycolytic flux, gluconeogenesis, increased lipolysis and severe tumor hypoxia. Based on this incomplete knowledge we put together a scheme explaining the molecular mechanisms behind cancer cachexia, and surprisingly, there is one cause that explains all of its characteristics: anoxia. With this different view of CC we propose a treatment based on the physiopathology that leads from anoxia to the symptoms of CC. The fundamentals of this hypothesis are based on the idea that CC is the result of anoxia causing intracellular lactic acidosis. This is a dangerous situation for cell survival which can be solved by activating energy consuming gluconeogenesis. The process is conducted by the hypoxia inducible factor-1α. This hypothesis was built by putting together pieces of evidence produced by authors working on related topics.
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22
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Karami S, Shamshiri S, Abdollahi M, Rahimi R. An Evidence-based Review of Medicinal Plants used in Traditional Persian Medicine for Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 18:244-271. [PMID: 32178613 DOI: 10.2174/1570163817666200316105658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is known to be the leading cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The prevalence of this disease in adults over 60 years was 9.6% in men and 18% in women. The therapeutic goals of this disease generally include pain relief with the least side effects, improvement of articular function and improvement of life, in which pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments are performed in different protocols. Due to the common side effects of pain relievers and complaints after invasive joint surgeries, there is a growing interest in the use of Traditional and Complementary protocols in OA treatment. In this paper, different sources of Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) were searched to obtain any evidence evaluating any medicinal plants in the management of OA. Over 250 effective medicinal plants for the treatment of OA have been introduced in these sources, and by searching electronic databases including PubMed and Scopus, we have found that of these plants, 39 have direct or indirect evidence in the treatment of this complication by different mechanism of actions such as effect on Body mass index (BMI), obesity and dyslipidemia, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antioxidant activity. The most important medicinal plants with direct evidence in the management of OA are Allium sativum, Commiphora mukul, Linum usitatissimum, Matricaria chamomilla, Nigella sativa, Zingiber officinale, and Piper nigrum. Medicinal plants seem to be a valuable source for discovering and identifying new drugs for treatment of OA; however, since most of the studies are preclinical, further clinical trials are required to achieve more conclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodeh Karami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shiva Shamshiri
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gao J, Zhang K, Wang Y, Guo R, Liu H, Jia C, Sun X, Wu C, Wang W, Du J, Chen J. A machine learning-driven study indicates emodin improves cardiac hypertrophy by modulation of mitochondrial SIRT3 signaling. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104739. [PMID: 32135248 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an enormous risk factor in the process of heart failure development, however, there is still lack of effective treatment for CH. Mitochondrial protection is an effective way against CH. Rheum palmatum L. (rhubarb) has been used to treat chronic heart diseases such as heart failure, especially to inhibit cardiac compensatory enlargement. The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacodynamic component of rhubarb and reveal its pharmacological effects and targets in the treatment of CH. Based on network pharmacology and machine learning approach, ingredients of rhubarb and targets for CH were extracted and surflex docking was conducted for obtaining the optimal ingredient-target combination(s) and emodin-SIRT3 was identified for further functional analysis. Transverse aortic constriction or isoproterenol induced CH mice and phenylephrine injured cardiomyocytes were used to verify the mitochondria protection effect and CH improvement of emodin in vivo and in vitro by modulation of mitochondrial SIRT3 signaling. The results showed that emodin could block agonist-induced and pressure overload-mediated CH. Emodin prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and its underlying mechanism was attributed to the activation of SIRT3, but the effect was not obvious with the presence of SIRT3 inhibitors (3-TYP)/SIRT3 siRNA. Furthermore, PGC-1ɑ was involved in the process of emodin regulating SIRT3 signaling pathway as an upstream target. Our findings clarified the main material basis and mechanism of rhubarb in the treatment of CH. Emodin, as the major ingredient of rhubarb, has therapeutic potential for CH through mitochondrial protection due to the modulation of SIRT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Kunlin Zhang
- Center for Genetics and BioMedical Informatics Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Caixia Jia
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chaoyong Wu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jie Du
- Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Intrabody against prolyl hydroxylase 2 promotes angiogenesis by stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11861. [PMID: 31413262 PMCID: PMC6694103 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47891-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a crucial transcription factor that regulates the expression of target genes involved in angiogenesis. Prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) dominantly hydroxylates two highly conserved proline residues of HIF-1α to promote its degradation. This study was designed to construct an intrabody against PHD2 that can inhibit PHD2 activity and promote angiogenesis. Single-chain variable fragment (scFv) against PHD2, INP, was isolated by phage display technique and was modified with an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) sequence to obtain ER-retained intrabody against PHD2 (ER-INP). ER-INP was efficiently expressed and bound to PHD2 in cells, significantly increased the levels of HIF-1α, and decreased hydroxylated HIF-1α in human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293) cells and mouse mononuclear macrophage leukaemia cell line (RAW264.7) cells. ER-INP has shown distinct angiogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo, as ER-INP expression significantly promoted the migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and enhanced angiogenesis of chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). Furthermore, ER-INP promoted distinct expression and secretion of a range of angiogenic factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report an ER-INP intrabody enhancing angiogenesis by blocking PHD2 activity to increase HIF-1α abundance and activity. These results indicate that ER-INP may play a role in the clinical treatment of tissue injury and ischemic diseases in the future.
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Dong Y, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Dai J, Tang L, Liu G. Emodin reactivated autophagy and alleviated inflammatory lung injury in mice with lethal endotoxemia. Exp Anim 2019; 68:559-568. [PMID: 31292306 PMCID: PMC6842802 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An uncontrolled inflammation induced critical health problems with serious morbidity and
death, which namely acute lung injury (ALI). Recently researchs have found the
anti-inflammatory effects of emodin. Here, we investigated the potential effects of emodin
on a mouse model with a lethal dose of the potential mechanisms and lipopolysaccharide
(LPS)-induced inflammatory lung injury in mice. The pulmonary histological abnormalities,
the Evans blue’s leakage, the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, the grades of TNF-α, IL-6,
nitric oxide (NO), lactic acid (LA) in lung tissues were determined 18 h post exposure of
LPS. Based on the expression of LC3-II with BECN1 was determined using Western blotting.
Besides, the LPS-exposed mice for survival rate was monitored. The results indicated that
intervention with emodin was important for mitigating LPS-induced pulmonary histological
change and LPS-induced leakage of Evans blue, which were associated with suppressed
elevation of MPO activity and inhibited up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-6, NO with LA in lung
tissues. Moreover, intervention with emodin enhanced the survival rate of LPS-exposed
mice. Finally, therapy with emodin increased the LC3 and BECN1 in lungs of LPS-exposed
mice. Treatment with 3-MA (the autophagy inhibitor) reversed the beneficial effects of
emodin. In conclusion, emodin might provide pharmacological benefits in LPS-induced
inflammatory lung injury, and the mechanisms might be related to the restoration of
autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dong
- Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 55 Middle Road, University City, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 55 Middle Road, University City, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Jie Dai
- Hospital of Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, 319 Honghe Avenue, Yongchuan District, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 55 Middle Road, University City, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Emergency, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 55 Middle Road, University City, Shapingba District, Chongqing 401331, China
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Xie R, Liu M, Li S. Emodin weakens liver inflammatory injury triggered by lipopolysaccharide through elevating microRNA-145 in vitro and in vivo. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:1877-1887. [PMID: 31079494 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1614015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- RuiJin Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - ShuJie Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
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Could Polyphenols Help in the Control of Rheumatoid Arthritis? Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081589. [PMID: 31013659 PMCID: PMC6515230 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, joint-invading, autoimmune inflammatory disease, which causes joint cartilage breakdown and bone damage, resulting in functional impairment and deformation of the joints. The percentage of RA patients has been rising and RA represents a substantial burden for patients around the world. Despite the development of many RA therapies, because of the side effects and low effectiveness of conventional drugs, patients still need and researchers are seeking new therapeutic alternatives. Polyphenols extracted from natural products are effective on several inflammatory diseases, including RA. In this review polyphenols are classified into four types: flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes and others, among which mainly flavonoids are discussed. Researchers have reported that anti-RA efficacies of polyphenols are based mainly on three mechanisms: their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and apoptotic properties. The main RA factors modified by polyphenols are mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK). Polyphenols could be potent alternative RA therapies and sources for novel drugs for RA by affecting its key mechanisms.
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Ma C, Wen B, Zhang Q, Shao PP, Gu W, Qu K, Shi Y, Wang B. Emodin induces apoptosis and autophagy of fibroblasts obtained from patient with ankylosing spondylitis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:601-609. [PMID: 30809091 PMCID: PMC6376879 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s182087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of rheumatoid disease, which has been reported to be associated with the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts recently. Emodin, a single component from a traditional Chinese medicine Rheum palmatum, exerts anti-inflammation and antirheumatic arthritis activities. However, could emodin be used to treat AS remains unclear? Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of emodin on AS. Methods Fibroblasts obtained from patients with AS were used in the current study. In addition, multiple cellular and molecular biology techniques such as Cell Counting Kit-8, Western blotting, flow cytometry, monodansylcadaverine staining, and immunofluorescence assay were applied as well. Results Emodin-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts obtained from patient with AS via increasing active caspase-9, active caspase-3, and Bax levels and downregulating Bcl-2. Meanwhile, emodin enhanced autophagy in fibroblasts via upregulation of the expression of Atg12, Atg5, and Beclin 1, which was further confirmed by monodansylcadaverine staining. As expected, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3MA) completely reversed emodin-induced autophagy in fibroblasts. Moreover, 3MA significantly increased emodin-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts obtained from patient with AS by increasing the levels of γH2AX, active caspase-9, active caspase-3, and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase. Conclusion Our results indicated that emodin effectively induced apoptosis and autophagy of fibroblasts obtained from patient with AS. In addition, suppression of autophagy enhanced emodin-induced apoptosis in fibroblasts. Therefore, we proposed that combination of emodin with autophagy inhibitor might be a potent strategy for improving the symptoms of AS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
| | - Pei-Pei Shao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
| | - Wen Gu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
| | - Kun Qu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, People's Republic of China,
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29
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Huang D, Cui L, Ahmed S, Zainab F, Wu Q, Wang X, Yuan Z. An overview of epigenetic agents and natural nutrition products targeting DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylases and microRNAs. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:574-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Liu Z, Lang Y, Li L, Liang Z, Deng Y, Fang R, Meng Q. Effect of emodin on chondrocyte viability in an in vitro model of osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:5384-5389. [PMID: 30542499 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emodin is an anthraquinone isolated from the Chinese herb Radix et Rhizoma Rhei and has been used to treat various diseases for centuries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of emodin on the inflammatory mediators in rat chondrocytes. In the present study, chondrocytes were isolated from rats, cultured and harvested when they reached generation P3. Cells were treated with different doses of emodin (10, 20, and 30 µg/ml) followed by interleukin 1β (IL-1β, 10 ng/ml). Control cells were either untreated or treated with IL-1β alone. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure levels of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain was performed to measure levels of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-3 and -13 mRNA. The expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, extracellular-signal regulatory kinase (ERK)1/2, phosphorylated ERK1/2 and β-catenin proteins were detected by western-blot analysis. The results demonstrated that treatment with emodin treatment reduced the cytotoxicity of IL-1β and inhibited the expression of NO and PGE2 in rat chondrocytes. Furthermore, emodin inhibited the expression of MMP3 and MMP13, and the phosphorylation of various proteins involved in the ERK and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, emodin is able to promote the proliferation of chondrocytes by inhibiting the ERK and Wnt/β-catenin pathway and downregulating the expression of a series of inflammatory mediators in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Lang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiquan Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Rui Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, P.R. China
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Guan YY, Zhang Y, Liu LX, Li HD, Xue D, Bao WL, Ye G, Shen X. Suppressive effects of Wang‑Bi Tablet on adjuvant‑induced arthritis in rats via NF‑κB and STAT3 signaling pathways. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1666-1674. [PMID: 29901091 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) severely affects the quality life of patients due to its high association with disability. Traditional Chinese medicines have been reported to exert notable therapeutic effects on RA. The Chinese medicinal prescription Wang‑Bi Tablet (WB) has been successfully used to clinically treat RA for many years; however, its pharmacological mechanism of action is largely unclear. In the present study, adjuvant‑induced arthritis (AIA) rats were used to evaluate the anti‑inflammatory effects of WB and western blotting was used to explore the molecular mechanisms. The experimental results demonstrated that WB treatment significantly reduced arthritis score and hind‑paw volume. Furthermore, synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration and joint destruction were ameliorated by WB. The expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‑1β, tumor necrosis factor‑α and IL‑6, were reduced in the joints of WB‑treated rats. Western blotting revealed that WB could also inhibit excessive activation of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB and Janus kinase (JAK)‑signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. These results indicated that the therapeutic effects of WB on AIA may be accomplished through inhibition of the NF‑κB and JAK‑STAT3 signaling pathways. These findings provide experimental evidence to support WB as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Yeqing Zhang
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xue
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Lian Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Guan Ye
- Central Research Institute, Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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Ding QH, Ye CY, Chen EM, Zhang W, Wang XH. Emodin ameliorates cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis by inhibiting NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in-vitro and in-vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 61:222-230. [PMID: 29890416 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The overproduction of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases) and members of the ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs) protein family plays an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). The potential of selective MMPs or ADAMTS inhibitors as chemopreventive agents for OA has been demonstrated in several studies. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthaquinone), isolated from the root of Rheum palmatum L., in the inhibition of MMP and ADAMTS expression in both rat chondrocytes and an animal model of OA. The expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, ADAMTS-5, aggrecan, and collagen II mRNA and protein in interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-induced rat chondrocytes was followed by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. The activation of the NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways by IL-1β was assessed by western blot. The in vivo effects of emodin were evaluated by intra-articular injection in rats in an experimental model of OA induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection. Emodin dose-dependently down-regulated the expression of MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 at both the mRNA and protein level in IL-1β-stimulated rat chondrocytes. In addition, the IL-1β-induced activation of NF-κB and Wnt signals was attenuated by emodin, as determined by western blotting. The intra-articular injection of emodin in a rat OA model ameliorated OA progression, as determined in morphological and histological analyses in vivo. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that emodin is a promising therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Hai Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jie Fang Road 88#, 310009 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen-Yi Ye
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jie Fang Road 88#, 310009 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Er-Man Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jie Fang Road 88#, 310009 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jie Fang Road 88#, 310009 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Hua Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jie Fang Road 88#, 310009 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Oliviero F, Scanu A, Zamudio-Cuevas Y, Punzi L, Spinella P. Anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols in arthritis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:1653-1659. [PMID: 28886220 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have been extensively investigated with regard to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulant properties in many inflammatory chronic conditions. The aim of this review is to summarise how these compounds can modulate the inflammatory pathways which characterise the most prevalent arthropathies including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and crystal-induced arthritis. Among polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate, carnosol, hydroxytyrosol, curcumin, resveratrol, kaempferol and genistein have been the most widely investigated in arthritis. The most important results of the studies outlined in this article show how polyphenolic compounds are able to inhibit the expression and the release of a number of pro-inflammatory mediators and proteolytic enzymes, the activity of different transcriptional factors and the production of reactive oxygen species in vitro. Studies on animal models of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and gout show interesting results in terms of reduced tissue damage, restored cartilage homeostasis, and decreased levels of uric acid, respectively. Despite the multiple protective effects of polyphenols, there are no dietary recommendations for patients affected by rheumatic diseases. Future studies, including intervention trials, should be conducted to determine the relevance of polyphenols consumption or supplementation in arthritis. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Oliviero
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Scanu
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Yessica Zamudio-Cuevas
- Laboratorio de Líquido Sinovial, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación "Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Punzi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Spinella
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, ltaly
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Islam MS, Akhtar MM, Segars JH, Castellucci M, Ciarmela P. Molecular targets of dietary phytochemicals for possible prevention and therapy of uterine fibroids: Focus on fibrosis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 57:3583-3600. [PMID: 28609115 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1245649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Uterine fibroids (myomas or leiomyomas) are common benign tumors of reproductive aged women. Fibroids are clinically apparent in 20-50% of women, and cause abnormal uterine bleeding, abdominal pain and discomfort, pregnancy complications and infertility. Unfortunately, limited numbers of medical treatment are available but no effective preventive strategies exist. Moreover, the benefits of medical treatments are tempered by lack of efficacy or serious adverse side effects. Fibrosis has recently been recognized as a key pathological event in leiomyoma development and growth. It is defined by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM plays important role in making bulk structure of leiomyoma, and ECM-rich rigid structure is believed to be a cause of abnormal bleeding and pelvic pain/pressure. Dietary phytochemicals are known to regulate fibrotic process in different biological systems, and being considered as potential tool to manage human health. At present, very few dietary phytochemicals have been studied in uterine leiomyoma, and they are mostly known for their antiproliferative effects. Therefore, in this review, our aim was to introduce some dietary phytochemicals that could target fibrotic processes in leiomyoma. Thus, this review could serve as useful resource to develop antifibrotic drugs for possible prevention and treatment of uterine fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Soriful Islam
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,b Biotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany , University of Rajshahi , Rajshahi , Bangladesh
| | - Most Mauluda Akhtar
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,c Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - James H Segars
- d Howard W. and Georgeanna Seegar Jones Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Mario Castellucci
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Pasquapina Ciarmela
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy.,e Department of Information Engineering , Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
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35
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Groene P, Eisenlohr J, Reither A. [Application of a new pain balm based on TCM]. Schmerz 2017; 32:61-64. [PMID: 29147938 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-017-0253-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the context of an unsuccessful treatment over several years of existing knee pain after various sports injuries, a young, healthy female patient was treated with a novel pain balm based on traditional Chinese medicine. This resulted in a significant improvement in the stimulation and pain conditions without any recognizable local and systemic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Groene
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 20, 80336, München, Deutschland.
| | - J Eisenlohr
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 20, 80336, München, Deutschland
| | - A Reither
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Klinikum der Universität München (LMU), Nussbaumstraße 20, 80336, München, Deutschland
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36
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Reactive oxygen species dependent phosphorylation of the liver kinase B1/AMP activated protein kinase/ acetyl-CoA carboxylase signaling is critically involved in apoptotic effect of lambertianic acid in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70116-70129. [PMID: 29050265 PMCID: PMC5642540 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Though lambertianic acid (LA) is reported to have hypolipidemic activity in liver, its underlying anticancer mechanism is poorly understood so far. Thus, in the present study, apoptotic mechanism of LA was elucidated in HepG2 and SK-Hep1 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Here LA increased cytotoxicity, sub-G1 population and Annexin V/PI positive cells in two HCC cells. Also, LA cleaved caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), activated phosphorylation of liver kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) pathway and also suppressed antiapoptotic proteins such as phosphorylation of Akt/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the expression of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/ B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in two HCC cells. Furthermore, LA generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HepG2 cells and AMPK inhibitor compound C or ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) blocked the apoptotic ability of LA to cleave PARP or increase sub G1 population in HepG2 cells. Consistently, cleavages of PARP and caspase-3 were induced by LA only in AMPK+/+ MEF cells, but not in AMPK-/- MEF cells. Also, immunoprecipitation (IP) revealed that phosphorylation of LKB1/AMPK through their binding was enhanced in LA treated HepG2 cells. Overall, these findings suggest that ROS dependent phosphorylation of LKB1/AMPK/ACC signaling is critically involved in LA induced apoptosis in HCCs.
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Mateen S, Moin S, Zafar A, Khan AQ. Redox signaling in rheumatoid arthritis and the preventive role of polyphenols. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 463:4-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Monisha BA, Kumar N, Tiku AB. Emodin and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 928:47-73. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Farzaei MH, Farzaei F, Abdollahi M, Abbasabadi Z, Abdolghaffari AH, Mehraban B. A mechanistic review on medicinal plants used for rheumatoid arthritis in traditional Persian medicine. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:1233-48. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease, which affects synovial tissue in multiple joints. Although conventional treatments of RA commonly alleviate the symptoms, high incidence of adverse reactions leads to research tendency towards complementary and alternative medicine. As various medicinal plants are traditionally used for the management of symptomatologies associated with RA in Persian medicine, we reviewed medicinal literature to confirm their efficacy in the management of RA.
Key findings
Scientific evidence revealed that traditional medicaments exert beneficial effects on RA through several cellular mechanisms including downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6 and NF-κB, suppression of oxidative stress, inhibition of cartilage degradation with destructive metalloproteinases and enhancement of antioxidant performance. Various active constituents from different chemical categories including flavonols, lignans, coumarins, terpenes, glycosylflavons, dihydroflavonols, phytoestrogens, sesquiterpene lactones, anthraquinones, alkaloids and thymoquinones have been isolated from the medicinal plants.
Summary
The pharmacological mechanisms of the medicinal plants traditionally used for RA in Persian medicine are discussed in the current review. Further investigations are mandatory to focus on bioefficacy of these phytochemicals for finding novel natural drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Phytopharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farzaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abbasabadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Guo Q, Mao X, Zhang Y, Meng S, Xi Y, Ding Y, Zhang X, Dai Y, Liu X, Wang C, Li Y, Lin N. Guizhi-Shaoyao-Zhimu decoction attenuates rheumatoid arthritis partially by reversing inflammation-immune system imbalance. J Transl Med 2016; 14:165. [PMID: 27277474 PMCID: PMC4898408 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0921-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guizhi-Shaoyao-Zhimu decoction (GSZD) has been extensively used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy. Marked therapeutic efficacy of GSZD acting on RA has been demonstrated in several long-term clinical trials without any significant side effects. However, its pharmacological mechanisms remain unclear due to a lack of appropriate scientific methodology. METHODS GSZD's mechanisms of action were investigated using an integrative approach that combined drug target prediction, network analysis, and experimental validation. RESULTS A total of 77 putative targets were identified for 165 assessed chemical components of GSZD. After calculating the topological features of the nodes and edges in the created drug-target network, we identified a candidate GSZD-targeted signal axis that contained interactions between two putative GSZD targets [histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and heat shock protein 90 kDa alpha, class A member 1 (HSP90AA1)] and three known RA-related targets [NFKB2; inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta (IKBKB); and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)]. This signal axis could connect different functional modules that are significantly associated with various RA-related signaling pathways, including T/B cell receptor, Toll-like receptor, NF-kappa B and TNF pathways, as well as osteoclast differentiation. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects and putative molecular mechanisms of GSZD's actions on RA were experimentally validated in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS GSZD may partially attenuate RA by reversing inflammation-immune system imbalance and regulating the HDAC1-HSP90AA1-NFKB2-IKBKB-TNF-α signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yanqiong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Shuqin Meng
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yue Xi
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Xiaocun Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yuntao Dai
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xia Liu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Na Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Deng W, Feng X, Li X, Wang D, Sun L. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in autoimmune diseases. Cell Immunol 2016; 303:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Xu H, Wang CY, Zhang HN, Lv CY, Wang YZ. Astragaloside IV suppresses inflammatory mediator production in synoviocytes and collagen‑induced arthritic rats. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3289-96. [PMID: 26936538 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of Astragaloside‑IV (AS‑IV) on inflammatory mediators in synoviocytes and collagen‑induced arthritic rats. Synoviocytes were stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and Sprague‑Dawley rats were injected with type II collagen. AS‑IV was administered to the LPS‑stimulated synoviocytes and collagen‑induced arthritis (CIA) rats. The inflammation of LPS‑stimulated synoviocytes and CIA rats was assessed using enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays and western blotting. Using Cell Counting Kit‑8 analysis, it was demonstrated that AS‑IV (5, 20 and 50 mg/ml) inhibited the LPS‑stimulated synoviocytes proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner. AS‑IV significantly inhibited the LPS‑stimulated inflammatory response, as indicated by the expression levels of TNF‑α, IL‑1β, IL‑6 and IL‑8. In addition, treatment with AS‑IV significantly reduced the LPS‑stimulated cyclooxygenase (COX)‑1, COX‑2, high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 overexpression, and intranuclear nuclear factor (NF)‑κBp65 subunit accumulation and activation of c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 and p38. Similar to the protective effects of AS‑IV on LPS‑stimulated synoviocytes, AS‑IV treatment significantly reduced the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6 and IL‑8 expression levels, and attenuated intranuclear NF‑κBp65 subunit accumulation and overexpression of COX‑2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in CIA rats. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that AS‑IV protects synoviocytes against LPS‑ and collagen‑induced inflammatory responses through inhibition of the HMGB1‑dependent JNK1/2‑ and p38‑activated NF‑κB/COX‑2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Joint Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Yao Wang
- Joint Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ning Zhang
- Joint Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Yu Lv
- Joint Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Zhen Wang
- Joint Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
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Deng Q, Bai S, Gao W, Tong L. Pristimerin inhibits angiogenesis in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats by suppressing VEGFR2 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 29:302-313. [PMID: 26548348 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, inflammatory autoimmune disease. As RA progresses, the hyperplastic synovial pannus creates a hypoxic, inflammatory environment that induces angiogenesis. Further vascularization of the synovial tissue promotes pannus growth and continued infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes, thus perpetuating the disease. Pristimerin inhibits inflammation and tumor angiogenesis. The present study focused on the inhibition of angiogenesis by Pristimerin in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results clearly demonstrate for the first time that Pristimerin significantly reduces vessel density in synovial membrane tissues of inflamed joints and reduces the expression of pro-angiogenic factors in sera, including TNF-α, Ang-1, and MMP-9. Pristimerin also decreased the expression of VEGF and p-VEGFR2 in the synovial membrane, whereas the total amount of VEGFR2 remained unchanged. Pristimerin suppressed the sprouting vessels of the aortic ring and inhibited VEGF-induced HFLS-RA migration in vitro. Pristimerin also inhibited VEGF-induced proliferation, migration and tube formation by HUVECs, blocked the autophosphorylation of VEGF-induced VEGFR2 and consequently downregulated the signaling pathways of activated PI3K, AKT, mTOR, ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 in VEGF-induced HUVECs. Our results indicate that Pristimerin suppressed synovial angiogenesis in our rat model and in vitro by interrupting the targeting of VEGFR2 activation. Therefore, Pristimerin has potential as an angiogenesis inhibitor in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiudi Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shutong Bai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wanjiao Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li Tong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Zeng L, Chen Y, Huang H, Wang J, Zhao D, Ji L, Chao H. Cyclometalated Ruthenium(II) Anthraquinone Complexes Exhibit Strong Anticancer Activity in Hypoxic Tumor Cells. Chemistry 2015; 21:15308-19. [PMID: 26338207 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201502154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is the critical feature of the tumor microenvironment that is known to lead to resistance to many chemotherapeutic drugs. Six novel ruthenium(II) anthraquinone complexes were designed and synthesized; they exhibit similar or superior cytotoxicity compared to cisplatin in hypoxic HeLa, A549, and multidrug-resistant (A549R) tumor cell lines. Their anticancer activities are related to their lipophilicity and cellular uptake; therefore, these physicochemical properties of the complexes can be changed by modifying the ligands to obtain better anticancer candidates. Complex 1, the most potent member of the series, is highly active against hypoxic HeLa cancer cells (IC50 =0.53 μM). This complex likely has 46-fold better activity than cisplatin (IC50 =24.62 μM) in HeLa cells. This complex tends to accumulate in the mitochondria and the nucleus of hypoxic HeLa cells. Further mechanistic studies show that complex 1 induced cell apoptosis during hypoxia through multiple pathways, including those of DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the inhibition of DNA replication and HIF-1α expression, making it an outstanding candidate for further in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leli Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (P. R. China)
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (P. R. China)
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (P. R. China)
| | - Jinquan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (P. R. China)
| | - Donglei Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (P. R. China)
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (P. R. China)
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275 (P. R. China).
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Antiangiogenic Effect of Ethanol Extract of Vigna angularis via Inhibition of Phosphorylation of VEGFR2, Erk, and Akt. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:371368. [PMID: 26357521 PMCID: PMC4556864 DOI: 10.1155/2015/371368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Though dietary azuki bean (Vigna angularis) seed containing antioxidant proanthocyanidins was known to have multibiological activities including antioxidant, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities, the antiangiogenic activity of ethanol extract of Vigna angularis (EVA) was never reported so far. In the present study, the antiangiogenic mechanism of EVA was examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). EVA showed weak cytotoxicity in HUVECs, while it significantly suppressed the VEGF induced proliferation of HUVECs. Consistently, wound healing assay revealed that EVA inhibited the VEGF induced migration of HUVECs. Also, EVA abrogated the VEGF induced tube formation of HUVECs in a concentration dependent fashion. Furthermore, Matrigel plug assay showed that EVA significantly reduced the hemoglobin level of Matrigel plug in mice compared to untreated control. Of note, EVA effectively attenuated the phosphorylation of VEGFR2, Erk, and Akt in VEGF-treated HUVECs. Overall, our findings suggest that EVA inhibits angiogenesis in VEGF-treated HUVECs via inhibition of phosphorylation of VEGFR2, ERK, and Akt.
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Wang Y, Wang S, Li Y, Jiang J, Zhou C, Li C, Li D, Lu L, Liu P, Huang M, Shen X. Therapeutic effect of Cryptotanshinone on collagen-induced arthritis in rats via inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. Transl Res 2015; 165:704-16. [PMID: 25605261 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of new therapeutic drugs with the ability of preventing inflammation and joint destruction with less adverse effects is extremely urgent for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Cryptotanshinone (CTS), an active component isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been reported to have antibacterial and antitumor effects. However, its effects on RA have not been clearly elucidated. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of CTS on type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats and explored the underlying mechanisms. Our results revealed that CTS treatment efficaciously ameliorated inflammation and joint destruction of rats with CIA. Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that CTS suppressed the production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin 17α production and downregulated the production and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9. By receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) ligand-induced bone marrow macrophages, we observed that CTS could inhibit osteoclast differentiation, which is critic for joint destruction. Further studies on inflammatory signaling revealed that CTS could inhibit the degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) α in vivo and in vitro, prevent the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 induced by lipopolysaccharide in a time- and dose-dependent manner. By electrophoretic mobility shift assay and luciferase reporter assay, we found that CTS distinctively inhibited the NF-κB DNA binding activity and NF-κB-dependent luciferase activity. These results indicate that the therapeutic effect of CTS on CIA is accomplished mainly through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling. Our findings provide the evidence to develop CTS as a potential therapeutic agent for patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaogui Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - JianMin Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuixian Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Li
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Huang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Tsunoda F, Lamon-Fava S, Asztalos BF, Iyer LK, Richardson K, Schaefer EJ. Effects of oral eicosapentaenoic acid versus docosahexaenoic acid on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241:400-8. [PMID: 26074314 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have beneficial effects on inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our aim was to assess the effect of a six-week supplementation with either olive oil, EPA, or DHA on gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). METHODS Subjects were sampled at baseline and six weeks after receiving either: olive oil 6.0 g/day (n = 16), EPA 1.8 g/day (n = 16), or DHA 1.8 g/day (n = 18). PBMC were subjected to gene expression analysis by microarray with key findings confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). RESULTS Plasma phospholipid EPA increased 3 fold in the EPA group, and DHA increased 63% in the DHA group (both p < 0.01), while no effects were observed in the olive oil group. Microarray analysis indicated that EPA but not DHA or olive oil significantly affected the gene expression in the following pathways: 1) interferon signaling, 2) receptor recognition of bacteria and viruses, 3) G protein signaling, glycolysis and glycolytic shunting, 4) S-adenosyl-l-methionine biosynthesis, and 5) cAMP-mediated signaling including cAMP responsive element protein 1 (CREB1), as well as many other individual genes including hypoxia inducible factor 1, α subunit (HIF1A). The findings for CREB1 and HIF1A were confirmed by Q-PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that EPA supplementation was associated with significant effects on gene expression involving the interferon pathway as well as down-regulation of CREB1 and HIF1A, which may relate to its beneficial effect on CVD risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyoshi Tsunoda
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefania Lamon-Fava
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bela F Asztalos
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lakshmanan K Iyer
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Neuroscience Research, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kris Richardson
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ernst J Schaefer
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Bomstein Y, Rozenblat S. Treatment of atopic dermatitis with KAM-3008, a barrier-based, non-steroidal topical cream. J DERMATOL TREAT 2015; 26:426-30. [DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2015.1021238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Liu C. Inhibition of mechanical stress-induced hypertrophic scar inflammation by emodin. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4087-92. [PMID: 25634255 PMCID: PMC4394962 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
At least 50% of hypertrophic scarring (HS) is characterized by inflammation, for which there is currently no effective treatment available. Emodin is a major component of the widely used Chinese herb, rhubarb, which has been used to treat inflammation in several types of disease. However, few studies have investigated the efficacy of emodin in the treatment of HS. In the present study, a mouse model with mechanical stress-induced HS was used to investigate the effects of emodin (20, 40, 80, or 120 mg/ml) on HS, and to determine the potential underlying mechanisms. Treatment with emodin significantly attenuated HS inflammation, as determined by histopathological assessment of the scar elevation index, collagen structure and inflammation (P<0.05). Furthermore, treatment with emodin (40 mg/ml) markedly inhibited phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt activity (P<0.01) and this attenuation was associated with reduced expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P<0.05) in the HS tissue. The results of the present study indicated that administration of emodin had therapeutic effects on the progression of HS and the underlying mechanism of this may be due to inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangxi Provinicial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Gupta SC, Tyagi AK, Deshmukh-Taskar P, Hinojosa M, Prasad S, Aggarwal BB. Downregulation of tumor necrosis factor and other proinflammatory biomarkers by polyphenols. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 559:91-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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