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Na-Bangchang K, Plengsuriyakarn T, Karbwang J. The Role of Herbal Medicine in Cholangiocarcinoma Control: A Systematic Review. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:3-18. [PMID: 35468650 DOI: 10.1055/a-1676-9678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growing incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) and limited treatment options stimulate a pressing demand for research and the development of new chemotherapeutics against cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to systematically review herbs and herb-derived compounds or herbal formulations that have been investigated for their anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential. Systematic literature searches were conducted in three electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. One hundred and twenty-three research articles fulfilled the eligibility critera and were included in the analysis (68 herbs, isolated compounds and/or synthetic analogs, 9 herbal formulations, and 119 compounds that are commonly found in several plant species). The most investigated herbs were Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae). Only A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) has undergone the full process of nonclinical and clinical development to deliver the final product for clinical use. The extracts of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae), Garcinia hanburyi Hook.f. (Clusiaceae), and Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) exhibit antiproliferative activities against human cholangiocarcinoma cells (IC50 < 15 µg/mL). Cucurbitacin B and triptolide are herbal isolated compounds that exhibit the most promising activities (IC50 < 1 µM). A series of experimental studies (in vitro, in vivo, and humans) confirmed the anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential and safety profile of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and its active compounds atractylodin and β-eudesmol, including the capsule pharmaceutical of the standardized A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) extract. Future research should be focused on the full development of the candidate herbs to deliver products that are safe and effective for cholangiocarcinoma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Juntra Karbwang
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
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2
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Zheng Z, Tan J, Zhang J, Wu M, Chen G, Li Z, Shi X, Fu W, Zhou H, Lao Y, Zhang L, Xu H. The natural compound neobractatin inhibits cell proliferation mainly by regulating the RNA binding protein CELF6. Food Funct 2022; 13:1741-1750. [PMID: 35088780 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03542h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The fruits of Garcinia bracteata can be eaten raw or processed into spices, which are considered to possess nutritional and medicinal value. Neobractatin (NBT) is a natural compound isolated from Garcinia bracteate. This study showed that NBT showed antitumor effect by upregulation of CELF6. CELF6, an RNA-binding protein of the CELF family, is involved in cancer cell proliferation. However, the role of CELF6 in human cervical cancer remains unknown. Here, we showed that CELF6 overexpression significantly suppressed HeLa cell proliferation. Mechanistically, the RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) results suggested that CELF6 physically targeted the cyclin D1 transcript, affecting protein stability. Overexpression of CELF6 increased the degradation of cyclin D1. Consistent results were obtained for the effect of NBT, which increased the expression of CELF6 at both the mRNA and protein levels. An in vivo study further confirmed the regulatory effect of NBT on CELF6 and cyclin D1 levels in a HeLa xenograft model. Similar effects of NBT on CELF6 were also shown in K562 cells in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings identified CELF6 as a tumor suppressor and a novel therapeutic target in cervical cancer. The upregulation of CELF6 expression by NBT and its antiproliferative effect on HeLa cells indicated that NBT from G. bracteata might be a small-molecule compound targeting CELF6.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhaoQing Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - JiaQi Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Gan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - XiaoQin Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - WenWei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - YuanZhi Lao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
| | - HongXi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China. .,Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
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3
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Sripa B, Seubwai W, Vaeteewoottacharn K, Sawanyawisuth K, Silsirivanit A, Kaewkong W, Muisuk K, Dana P, Phoomak C, Lert-Itthiporn W, Luvira V, Pairojkul C, Teh BT, Wongkham S, Okada S, Chamgramol Y. Functional and genetic characterization of three cell lines derived from a single tumor of an Opisthorchis viverrini-associated cholangiocarcinoma patient. Hum Cell 2020; 33:695-708. [PMID: 32207095 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00334-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Three cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell line-formerly named, M156, M213 and M214 have been intensively used with discrepancy of their tumor origins. They were assumed to be originated from three different donors without authentication. To verify the origins of these cell lines, the short tandem repeat (STR) analysis of the currently used cell lines, the cell stocks from the establisher and the primary tumor of a CCA patient were performed. Their phenotypic and genotypic originality were compared. The currently used 3 CCA cell lines exhibited similar STR as CCA patient ID-M213 indicating the same origin of these cells. The cell stocks from the establisher, however, revealed the same STR of M213 and M214 cells, but not M156. The misidentification of M214 and M156 is probably due to the mislabeling and cross-contamination of M213 cells during culture. These currently used cell lines were renamed as KKU-213A, -213B and -213C, for the formerly M213, M214 and M156 cells, respectively. These cell lines were established from a male with an intrahepatic mass-forming CCA stage-4B. The tumor was an adenosquamous carcinoma with the liver fluke ova granuloma in evidence. All cell lines had positive CK19 with differential CA19-9 expression. They exhibited aneuploidy karyotypes, distinct cell morphology, cell growth, cytogenetic characteristic and progressive phenotypes. KKU-213C formed a adenosquamous carcinoma, whereas KKU-213A and KKU-213B formed poorly- and well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas in xenografted mice. mRNA microarray revealed different expression profiles among these three cell lines. The three cell lines have unique characteristics and may resemble the heterogeneity of tumor origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banchob Sripa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wunchana Seubwai
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Worasak Kaewkong
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Kanha Muisuk
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Paweena Dana
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Chatchai Phoomak
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Worachart Lert-Itthiporn
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Vor Luvira
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Bin T Teh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoeisis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
| | - Yaovalux Chamgramol
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. .,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Ren Y, Carcache de Blanco EJ, Fuchs JR, Soejarto DD, Burdette JE, Swanson SM, Kinghorn AD. Potential Anticancer Agents Characterized from Selected Tropical Plants. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:657-679. [PMID: 30830783 PMCID: PMC6441492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Higher plants are well known for their value in affording clinically useful anticancer agents, with such compounds acting against cancer cells by a range of mechanisms of action. There remains a strong interest in the discovery and development of plant secondary metabolites as additional cancer chemotherapeutic lead compounds. In the present review, progress on the discovery of plant-derived compounds of the biflavonoid, lignan, sesquiterpene, steroid, and xanthone structural types is presented. Several potential anticancer leads of these types have been characterized from tropical plants collected in three countries as part of our ongoing collaborative multi-institutional project. Preliminary structure-activity relationships and work on in vivo testing and cellular mechanisms of action are also discussed. In addition, the relevant work reported by other groups on the same compound classes is included herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Esperanza J. Carcache de Blanco
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - James R. Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Djaja D. Soejarto
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
- Science and Education, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL 60605, United States
| | - Joanna E. Burdette
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States
| | - Steven M. Swanson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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5
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Li XQ, Song YN, Wang SJ, Rahman K, Zhu JY, Zhang H. Saikosaponins: a review of pharmacological effects. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2018; 20:399-411. [PMID: 29726699 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1465937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, a number of phytochemicals have been reported to possess potent pharmacological effects. Saikosaponins represent a group of oleanane derivatives, usually as glucosides, which are commonly found in medicinal plants Bupleurum spp., which have been used as traditional Chinese medicine for more than 1,000 years in China. Emerging evidence suggests that saikosaponins have many pharmacological effects, including sedation, anticonvulsant, antipyretic, antiviral, immunity, anti-inflammation, antitumor properties, protecting liver and kidney and so on. The present review provides a comprehensive summary and analysis of the pharmacological properties of saikosaponins, supporting the potential uses of saikosaponins as a medicinal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qin Li
- a School of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137 , China
- b Central Laboratory , Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM , Shanghai 200137 , China
| | - Ya-Nan Song
- b Central Laboratory , Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM , Shanghai 200137 , China
| | - Su-Juan Wang
- b Central Laboratory , Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM , Shanghai 200137 , China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- c Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular Sciences , Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool L3 3AF , UK
| | - Jian-Yong Zhu
- b Central Laboratory , Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM , Shanghai 200137 , China
| | - Hong Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu 611137 , China
- b Central Laboratory , Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM , Shanghai 200137 , China
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6
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Boueroy P, Hahnvajanawong C, Boonmars T, Saensa-ard S, Wattanawongdon W, Kongsanthia C, Salao K, Wongwajana S, Anantachoke N, Reutrakul V. Synergistic Effect of Forbesione From Garcinia hanburyi in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil on Cholangiocarcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:3343-3351. [PMID: 29286229 PMCID: PMC5980893 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.12.3343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy for advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is largely ineffective; thus innovative combinations of chemotherapeutic agents and natural compounds represent a promising strategy. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of forbesione combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in hamster cholangiocarcinoma (Ham-1) cells both in vitro and in vivo. The anti-tumor effects of 5-FU combined with forbesione in vitro were determined using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and the effects in vivo were assessed in transplanted Ham-1 allograph models. Using ethidium bromide/acridine orange (EB/AO) staining, the morphological changes of apoptotic cells was investigated. The expressions of apoptosis-related molecules after combined treatment with forbesione and 5-FU were determined using real-time RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Forbesione or 5-FU alone inhibited proliferation of Ham-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner and their combination showed a synergistic proliferation inhibitory effect in vitro. In vivo studies, forbesione in combination with 5-FU exhibited greater inhibition of the tumor in the hamster model compared with treatment using either drug alone. Forbesione combined with 5-FU exerted stronger apoptotic induction in Ham-1 cells than did single drug treatment. The combination of drugs strongly suppressed the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and procaspase-3 while enhancing the expression of p53, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), caspase-9 and caspase-3, compared with single drug treatments. These results explained the decreased expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) positive cells and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive cells in Ham-1 cell tumor tissues of the treated hamsters. There was no apparent systemic toxicity observed in the treated animals compared with the control groups. Forbesione combined with 5-FU strongly induced apoptosis in Ham-1 cells. The growth inhibitory effect of combined treatment using these two drugs was much greater than treatment with either drug alone, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichart Boueroy
- Department of Microbiology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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7
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Boueroy P, Hahnvajanawong C, Boonmars T, Saensa-Ard S, Anantachoke N, Vaeteewoottacharn K, Reutrakul V. Antitumor effect of forbesione isolated from Garcinia hanburyi on cholangiocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:4685-4698. [PMID: 28101220 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy with no effective therapy and poor prognosis. Forbesione, a caged xanthone isolated from Garcinia hanburyi, has been reported to inhibit proliferation and to induce apoptosis in human CCA cell lines. The present study aimed to further explore the potential anticancer properties of forbesione by testing its effects against the hamster CCA cell line Ham-1 in vitro and in vivo. It was observed that forbesione inhibited the growth of Ham-1 cells in vitro and suppressed Ham-1 growth as allograft in hamsters by inducing cell cycle arrest at the S phase. This was mediated by decreasing the protein expression of cyclin E, cyclin A and cyclin-dependent kinase 2. In addition, increased expression of p21 and p27 was detected, which could possibly explain the reduced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and of the bile duct cell marker cytokeratin 19 observed in forbesione-treated Ham-1 cells in vitro and in tumor tissues of forbesione-treated hamsters. Furthermore, forbesione induced apoptosis through multiple pathways. The death receptor pathway was activated by increased expression of Fas, Fas-associated death domain and activated caspase-3, along with decreased expression of procaspase-8 and procaspase-3. The mitochondrial pathway was driven by increased expression of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-like protein 4, activated caspase-9 and inhibitor of κB-α, along with decreased expression of Bcl-2, survivin, procaspase-9 and nuclear factor-κB/p65. The endoplasmic reticulum pathway was stimulated by increased expression of activated caspase-12 and decreased expression of procaspase-12. No side effects or toxicity were observed in forbesione-treated hamsters. Thus, forbesione is a potential drug candidate for cancer therapy that deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichart Boueroy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thidarut Boonmars
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sunitta Saensa-Ard
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Natthinee Anantachoke
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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8
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Liu J, Hua P, Hui L, Zhang LL, Hu Z, Zhu YW. Identification of hub genes and pathways associated with hepatocellular carcinoma based on network strategy. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2109-2119. [PMID: 27703495 PMCID: PMC5039750 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify hub genes and pathways associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by centrality analysis of a co-expression network. A co-expression network based on differentially expressed (DE) genes of HCC was constructed using the Differentially Co-expressed Genes and Links (DCGL) package. Centrality analyses, for centrality of degree, clustering coefficient, closeness, stress and betweenness for the co-expression network were performed to identify hub genes, and the hub genes were combined together to overcome inconsistent results. Enrichment analyses were conducted using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases. Finally, validation of hub genes was conducted utilizing reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. In total, 260 DE genes between normal controls and HCC patients were obtained and a co-expression network with 154 nodes and 326 edges was constructed. From this, 13 hub genes were identified according to degree, clustering coefficient, closeness, stress and betweenness centrality analysis. It was found that reelin (RELN), potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J member 10 (KCNJ10) and neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (NCAM1) were common hub genes across the five centralities, and the results of RT-PCR analysis for RELN, KCNJ10 and NCAM1 were consistent with the centrality analyses. Pathway enrichment analysis of DE genes showed that cell cycle, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 and p53 signaling pathway were the most significant pathways. This study may contribute to understanding the molecular pathogenesis of HCC and provide potential biomarkers for its early detection and effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Ping Hua
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Li Hui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Wei Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wuxi Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
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9
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Huang GL, Zhang W, Ren HY, Shen XY, Chen QX, Shen DY. Retinoid X receptor α enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β-catenin and nuclear factor-κB pathways. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1515-23. [PMID: 26310932 PMCID: PMC4714697 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) plays important roles in the malignancy of several cancers such as human prostate tumor, breast cancer, and thyroid tumor. However, its exact functions and molecular mechanisms in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a chemoresistant carcinoma with poor prognosis, remain unclear. In this study we found that RXRα was frequently overexpressed in human CCA tissues and CCA cell lines. Downregulation of RXRα led to decreased expression of mitosis‐promoting factors including cyclin D1and cyclin E, and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen, as well as increased expression of cell cycle inhibitor p21, resulting in inhibition of CCA cell proliferation. Furthermore, RXRα knockdown attenuated the expression of cyclin D1 through suppression of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Retinoid X receptor α upregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression through nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathways, paralleled with downregulation of p21. Thus, the Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB pathways account for the inhibition of CCA cell growth induced by RXRα downregulation. Retinoid X receptor α plays an important role in proliferation of CCA through simultaneous activation of Wnt/β‐catenin and NF‐κB pathways, indicating that RXRα might serve as a potential molecular target for CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Division of Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong-Yue Ren
- Division of Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xue-Ying Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qing-Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dong-Yan Shen
- Division of Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Li M, Zhang F, Wang X, Wu X, Zhang B, Zhang N, Wu W, Wang Z, Weng H, Liu S, Gao G, Mu J, Shu Y, Bao R, Cao Y, Lu J, Gu J, Zhu J, Liu Y. Magnolol inhibits growth of gallbladder cancer cells through the p53 pathway. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1341-50. [PMID: 26250568 PMCID: PMC4638010 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolol, the major active compound found in Magnolia officinalis has a wide range of clinical applications due to its anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation effects. This study investigated the effects of magnolol on the growth of human gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) cell lines. The results indicated that magnolol could significantly inhibit the growth of GBC cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Magnolol also blocked cell cycle progression at G0 /G1 phase and induced mitochondrial-related apoptosis by upregulating p53 and p21 protein levels and by downregulating cyclin D1, CDC25A, and Cdk2 protein levels. When cells were pretreated with a p53 inhibitor (pifithrin-a), followed by magnolol treatment, pifithrin-a blocked magnolol-induced apoptosis and G0 /G1 arrest. In vivo, magnolol suppressed tumor growth and activated the same mechanisms as were activated in vitro. In conclusion, our study is the first to report that magnolol has an inhibitory effect on the growth of GBC cells and that this compound may have potential as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Xu’an Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Xiangsong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Bingtai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second HospitalTaiyuan, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second HospitalTaiyuan, China
| | - Wenguang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Hao Weng
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Shibo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second HospitalTaiyuan, China
| | - Jiasheng Mu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yijun Shu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Runfa Bao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Laboratory of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong, University School of MedicineShanghai, China
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
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Jia B, Li S, Hu X, Zhu G, Chen W. Recent research on bioactive xanthones from natural medicine: Garcinia hanburyi. AAPS PharmSciTech 2015; 16:742-58. [PMID: 26152816 PMCID: PMC4508296 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0339-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Garcinia hanburyi, a tropical plant found in south Asia, has a special long history in the development of both medicine and art. This review mainly focuses on the pharmacy research of the bioactive compounds from the plant in recent years. Preparative and analysis separation methods were introduced. Moreover, the chemical structure of the isolated compounds was included. The studies of biological activities of the caged xanthones from the plant, including antitumor, anti-HIV-1, antibacterial, and neurotrophic activities, were reviewed in detail. Furthermore, the mechanisms of its antitumor activity were also reviewed. As mentioned above, some of the xanthones from G. hanburyi can be promising drug candidates, which is worth studying. However, we still need much evidence to prove their efficacy and safety. So, further research is critical for the future application of xanthones from G. hanburyi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buyun Jia
- />School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 001 Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012 Anhui China
| | - Shanshan Li
- />School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 001 Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012 Anhui China
| | - Xuerui Hu
- />School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 001 Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012 Anhui China
| | - Guangyu Zhu
- />School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 001 Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012 Anhui China
- />Ma’anshan Central Hospital, 027 Hudong Road, Ma’anshan, 243000 Anhui China
| | - Weidong Chen
- />School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 001 Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012 Anhui China
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12
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Hahnvajanawong C, Wattanawongdon W, Chomvarin C, Anantachoke N, Kanthawong S, Sripa B, Reutrakul V. Synergistic effects of isomorellin and forbesione with doxorubicin on apoptosis induction in human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:68. [PMID: 25866479 PMCID: PMC4392878 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-14-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy for advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is largely ineffective, but innovative combinations of chemotherapeutic agents and natural compounds represent a promising strategy. In our previous studies, isomorellin and forbesione, caged xanthones isolated from Garcinia hanburyi, were found to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CCA cell lines. The subject of our inquiry is the synergistic effect(s) of these caged xanthones with doxorubicin on growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in human CCA cell lines. METHODS KKU-100, KKU-M139 and KKU-M156 cell lines and Chang cells were treated with either isomorellin or forbesione alone or in combination with doxorubicin. Cell viability was determined using the sulforhodamine B assay. The combined effects of plant compounds with doxorubicin were analyzed using the isobologram and combination index method of Chou-Talalay. Apoptosis was determined by ethidium bromide/acridine orange staining. Protein expressions were determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS Isomorellin or forbesione alone inhibited the growth of these CCA cell lines in a dose-dependent manner and showed selective cytotoxicity against CCA cells but not against Chang cells. Isomorellin/doxorubicin combination showed a synergistic growth inhibitory effect on KKU-M139 and KKU-M156 cells, while the forbesione/doxorubicin combination showed a synergistic growth inhibitory effect on KKU-100 and KKU-M139 cells. The percentages of apoptotic cells were significantly higher in the combined treatments than in the respective single drug treatments. The combined treatments strongly enhanced the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, activated caspase-9 and caspase-3, while suppressing the expression of survivin, procaspase-9 and procaspase-3, compared with single drug treatments. The degree of suppression of NF-κB activation mediated by a decrease in the expression of NF-κB/p65, a reduction of the pIκB-α level and an increase in the IκB-α protein level, was significantly higher in the combined treatment groups than in the single drug treatment groups. The degree of suppression of MRP1 protein expression was also significantly higher in the combined treatment than in the single drug treatment groups. CONCLUSION The combinations of isomorellin/doxorubicin and forbesione/doxorubicin showed significant synergistic effects on the growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in KKU-M156 and KKU-100 cells. Caged xanthones may be useful adjunct treatments with chemotherapy for Opisthorchis viverrini (OV)-associated CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand ; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Wareeporn Wattanawongdon
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand ; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Chariya Chomvarin
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand ; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Natthinee Anantachoke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
| | - Sakawrat Kanthawong
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Vichai Reutrakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
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Vaeteewoottacharn K, Seubwai W, Bhudhisawasdi V, Okada S, Wongkham S. Potential targeted therapy for liver fluke associated cholangiocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2014; 21:362-70. [PMID: 24408866 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biliary tree cancer or cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an unusual subtype of liver cancer with exceptionally poor prognosis. Lack of specific symptoms and availability of early diagnostic markers account for late diagnosis of CCA. Surgical treatment is a gold standard choice but few patients are candidates and local recurrence after surgery is high. Benefit of systemic chemotherapy is limited; hence, better treatment options are required. The differences in etiology, anatomical positions and pathology make it difficult to generalize all CCA subtypes for a single treatment regimen. Herein, we review the uniqueness of molecular profiling identified by multiple approaches, for example, serial analysis of gene expression, exome sequencing, transcriptomics/proteomics profiles, protein kinase profile, etc., that provide the opportunity for treatment of liver fluke-associated CCA. Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator/immunosuppressor, epidermal growth factor receptor or platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhibitors, multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, IL6 antagonist, nuclear factor-κB inhibitor, histone modulator, proteasome inhibitor as well as specific inhibitors suggested from various study approaches, such as MetAP2 inhibitor, 1,25(OH)2 D3 and cyclosporine A are suggested in this review for the treatments of this specific CCA subtype. This might provide an alternative treatment option for CCA patients; however, clinical trials in this specific CCA group are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 123 Mitraparb Road, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand; Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Division of Hematopoiesis, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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14
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Gu Z, Tan W, Feng G, Meng Y, Shen B, Liu H, Cheng C. Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates the senescence of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients through the p53/p21 pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 387:27-37. [PMID: 24130040 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that allogeneic bone marrow (BM)-mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (MSCT) appears to be effective in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and lupus-prone mice, contrary to studies in syngeneic BM-MSCT. These studies indicated that the abnormalities of BM-MSCs may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Our studies and other previous studies have revealed that BM-MSCs from SLE patients exhibited early signs of senescence, such as flattened morphology, slow proliferation, increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, and so on. However, the mechanisms by which these cells senescences were still unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays an important role in stem cell senescence. In the current study, we investigated whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates the senescence of BM-MSCs from SLE patients. We have found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the p53/p21 pathway were significantly hyperactivated in senescent SLE BM-MSCs. Treatment with 100 ng/mL Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor or β-catenin siRNA for 48 h could reverse the senescent features of SLE BM-MSCs. Additionally, the expression levels of p53 and p21 were reduced in treated-SLE BM-MSCs compared with the untreated group. In summary, our study indicated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling may play a critical role in the senescence of SLE BM-MSCs through the p53/p21 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Gu
- Department of Rheumatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China,
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15
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Boonyanugomol W, Chomvarin C, Hahnvajanawong C, Sripa B, Kaparakis-Liaskos M, Ferrero RL. Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) involved in bacterial internalization and IL-8 induced responses via NOD1- and MyD88-dependent mechanisms in human biliary epithelial cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77358. [PMID: 24143223 PMCID: PMC3797076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection has been proposed to be associated with various diseases of the hepatobiliary tract, including cancer of the bile duct epithelial cells (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA). The ability of H. pylori bacteria to cause pathogenic effects in these cells has, however, yet to be investigated. Given that the cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) is required for H. pylori pathogenesis in gastric epithelial cells, we investigated wild-type and cag mutant strains for their ability to adhere, be internalized and induce pro-inflammatory responses in two bile duct epithelial cell lines derived from cases of CCA. The findings from these experiments were compared to results obtained with the well-characterized AGS gastric cancer cell line. We showed that the cagPAI encodes factors involved in H. pylori internalization in CCA cells, but not for adhesion to these cells. Consistent with previous studies in hepatocytes, actin polymerization and α5β1 integrin may be involved in H. pylori internalization in CCA cells. As for AGS cells, we observed significantly reduced levels of NF-κB activation and IL-8 production in CCA cells stimulated with either cagA, cagL or cagPAI bacteria, when compared with wild-type bacteria. Importantly, these IL-8 responses could be inhibited via either pre-treatment of cells with antibodies to α5β1 integrins, or via siRNA-mediated knockdown of the innate immune signaling molecules, nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) and myeloid differentiation response gene 88 (MyD88). Taken together, the data demonstrate that the cagPAI is critical for H. pylori pathogenesis in bile duct cells, thus providing a potential causal link for H. pylori in biliary tract disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongwarut Boonyanugomol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Chariya Chomvarin
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| | - Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Banchob Sripa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard L. Ferrero
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Huang GL, Luo Q, Rui G, Zhang W, Zhang QY, Chen QX, Shen DY. Oncogenic activity of retinoic acid receptor γ is exhibited through activation of the Akt/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Cell Biol 2013; 33:3416-25. [PMID: 23798555 PMCID: PMC3753848 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00384-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression and function of retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ) are often involved in the progression of several cancers. However, the role of RARγ in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), chemoresistant bile duct carcinoma with a poor prognosis, remains unclear. In the present study, we found that RARγ was frequently overexpressed in human CCA specimens. Its overexpression was associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, high serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level, and poor prognosis of CCA. Downregulation of RARγ reduced CCA cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation ability in vitro and tumorigenic potential in nude mice. RARγ knockdown resulted in upregulation of cell cycle inhibitor P21, as well as downregulation of cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and matrix metallopeptidase 9, in parallel with suppression of the Akt/NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, overexpression of RARγ contributed to the multidrug chemoresistance of CCA cells, at least in part due to upregulation of P glycoprotein via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Molecular mechanism studies revealed that RARγ interacted with β-catenin and led to β-catenin nuclear translocation. Taken together, our results suggested that RARγ plays an important role in the proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of CCA through simultaneous activation of the Akt/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, serving as a potential molecular target for CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Li Huang
- Center Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Rui
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen Cancer Center, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Yan Shen
- Center Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
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Moon Y, Kwon Y, Yu S. How does ethanol induce apoptotic cell death of SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. Neural Regen Res 2013; 8:1853-62. [PMID: 25206494 PMCID: PMC4145973 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.20.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A body of evidence suggests that ethanol can lead to damage of neuronal cells. However, the mechanism underlying the ethanol-induced damage of neuronal cells remains unclear. The role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in ethanol-induced damage was investigated in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide cell viability assay, DNA fragmentation detection, and flow cytometric analysis showed that ethanol induced apoptotic cell death and cell cycle arrest, characterized by increased caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation, nuclear disruption, and G1 arrest of cell cycle of the SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells. In addition, western blot analysis indicated that ethanol induced a lasting increase in c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase activity and a transient increase in p38 kinase activity of the neuroblastoma cells. c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase or p38 kinase inhibitors significantly reduced the ethanol-induced cell death. Ethanol also increased p53 phosphorylation, followed by an increase in p21 tumor suppressor protein and a decrease in phospho-Rb (retinoblastoma) protein, leading to alterations in the expressions and activity of cyclin dependent protein kinases. Our results suggest that ethanol mediates apoptosis of SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells by activating p53-related cell cycle arrest possibly through activation of the c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase-related cell death pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Moon
- Department of Public Health Administration, Namseoul University, Chunan, Seoul 331-707, Korea
| | - Yongil Kwon
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Seoul 134-701, Korea
| | - Shun Yu
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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Oncogenic activity of retinoic acid receptor γ is exhibited through activation of the Akt/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in cholangiocarcinoma. Mol Cell Biol 2013. [PMID: 23798555 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00384-13mcb.00384-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression and function of retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ) are often involved in the progression of several cancers. However, the role of RARγ in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), chemoresistant bile duct carcinoma with a poor prognosis, remains unclear. In the present study, we found that RARγ was frequently overexpressed in human CCA specimens. Its overexpression was associated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, high serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level, and poor prognosis of CCA. Downregulation of RARγ reduced CCA cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation ability in vitro and tumorigenic potential in nude mice. RARγ knockdown resulted in upregulation of cell cycle inhibitor P21, as well as downregulation of cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and matrix metallopeptidase 9, in parallel with suppression of the Akt/NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, overexpression of RARγ contributed to the multidrug chemoresistance of CCA cells, at least in part due to upregulation of P glycoprotein via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Molecular mechanism studies revealed that RARγ interacted with β-catenin and led to β-catenin nuclear translocation. Taken together, our results suggested that RARγ plays an important role in the proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance of CCA through simultaneous activation of the Akt/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, serving as a potential molecular target for CCA treatment.
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