1
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Reyes MSS, Medina PMB. Leachates from plastics and bioplastics reduce lifespan, decrease locomotion, and induce neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124428. [PMID: 38914198 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Plastic pollution continuously accumulates in the environment and poses a global threat as it fragments into microplastics and nanoplastics that can harm ecosystems. To reduce the accumulation of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution, bioplastics made from biodegradable materials are promoted as a more sustainable alternative because it can degrade faster than plastics. However, plastics also leach out chemicals as they degrade and disintegrate, but the potential toxicity of these chemicals leaching out from plastics and especially bioplastics is poorly explored. Here, we determined the composition of leachates from plastics and bioplastics and tested their toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. LC-MS analysis of the leachates revealed that bioplastics leached a wider array of chemicals than their counterpart plastics. Toxicity testing in our study showed that the leachates from plastics and bioplastics reduced lifespan, decreased locomotion, and induced neurotoxicity in C. elegans. Leachates from bioplastics reduced C. elegans lifespan more compared to leachates from plastics: by 7%-31% for bioplastics and by 6%-15% for plastics. Leachates from plastics decreased locomotion in C. elegans more compared to leachates from bioplastics: by 8%-34% for plastics and by 11%-24% for bioplastics. No changes were observed in the ability of the C. elegans to respond to mechanical stimuli. The leachates induced neurotoxicity in the following neurons at varying trends: cholinergic neurons by 0%-53% for plastics and by 30%-42% for bioplastics, GABAergic neurons by 3%-29% for plastics and by 10%-23% for bioplastics, and glutamatergic neurons by 3%-11% for plastics and by 15%-29% for bioplastics. Overall, our study demonstrated that chemicals leaching out from plastics and bioplastics can be toxic, suggesting that both plastics and bioplastics pose ecotoxicological and human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Sigfrid S Reyes
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines
| | - Paul Mark B Medina
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, 1000, Philippines.
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2
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Peng X, Zhang J, Xiao P. Photopolymerization Approach to Advanced Polymer Composites: Integration of Surface-Modified Nanofillers for Enhanced Properties. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2400178. [PMID: 38843462 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of functionalized nanofillers into polymers via photopolymerization approach has gained significant attention in recent years due to the unique properties of the resulting composite materials. Surface modification of nanofillers plays a crucial role in their compatibility and polymerization behavior within the polymer matrix during photopolymerization. This review focuses on the recent developments in surface modification of various nanofillers, enabling their integration into polymer systems through photopolymerization. The review discusses the key aspects of surface modification of nanofillers, including the selection of suitable surface modifiers, such as photoinitiators and polymerizable groups, as well as the optimization of modification conditions to achieve desired surface properties. The influence of surface modification on the interfacial interactions between nanofillers and the polymer matrix is also explored, as it directly impacts the final properties of the nanocomposites. Furthermore, the review highlights the applications of nanocomposites prepared by photopolymerization, such as sensors, gas separation membranes, purification systems, optical devices, and biomedical materials. By providing a comprehensive overview of the surface modification strategies and their impact on the photopolymerization process and the resulting nanocomposite properties, this review aims to inspire new research directions and innovative ideas in the development of high-performance polymer nanocomposites for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Peng
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Jing Zhang
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Pu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
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3
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Ji X, Liang J, Liu J, Shen J, Li Y, Wang Y, Jing C, Mabury SA, Liu R. Occurrence, Fate, Human Exposure, and Toxicity of Commercial Photoinitiators. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11704-11717. [PMID: 37515552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Photoinitiators (PIs) are a family of anthropogenic chemicals used in polymerization systems that generate active substances to initiate polymerization reactions under certain radiations. Although polymerization is considered a green method, its wide application in various commercial products, such as UV-curable inks, paints, and varnishes, has led to ubiquitous environmental issues caused by PIs. In this study, we present an overview of the current knowledge on the environmental occurrence, human exposure, and toxicity of PIs and provide suggestions for future research based on numerous available studies. The residual concentrations of PIs in commercial products, such as food packaging materials, are at microgram per gram levels. The migration of PIs from food packaging materials to foodstuffs has been confirmed by more than 100 reports of food contamination caused by PIs. Furthermore, more than 20 PIs have been detected in water, sediment, sewage sludge, and indoor dust collected from Asia, the United States, and Europe. Human internal exposure was also confirmed by the detection of PIs in serum. In addition, PIs were present in human breast milk, indicating that breastfeeding is an exposure pathway for infants. Among the most available studies, benzophenone is the dominant congener detected in the environment and humans. Toxicity studies of PIs reveal multiple toxic end points, such as carcinogenicity and endocrine-disrupting effects. Future investigations should focus on synergistic/antagonistic toxicity effects caused by PIs coexposure and metabolism/transformation pathways of newly identified PIs. Furthermore, future research should aim to develop "greener" PIs with high efficiency, low migration, and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Ji
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiefeng Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yiling Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chuanyong Jing
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Scott A Mabury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto M5S 3H6, Ontario, Canada
| | - Runzeng Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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4
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Liang Q, Wang Z, Du W, Liu W, Cao J, Ren J, Lian W, Lu H, Li H. Determination of 18 photoinitiators in food paper packaging materials by FastPrep-based extraction combined with GC-MS. Food Chem 2022; 377:131980. [PMID: 34999461 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Extraction of photoinitiators (PIs) from food paper packages is difficult since they normally hide inside multiple ink layers. A one-step FastPrep-based extraction in combination with GC-MS was developed to simultaneously measure 18 PIs in food paper packaging materials. FastPrep-based extraction enabled direct and efficient release of PIs from raw paperboard in a minute without additional procedures. It was simple, high-throughput, consuming less solvent and not requiring heat or radiation. GC-MS using selected ion monitoring provided identification of PIs with high selectivity. The LODs and LOQs for 18 PIs ranged from 0.060 to 0.614 mg/kg, and 0.197-2.027 mg/kg, respectively. The method was successfully applied for various real samples, and the spiked recoveries using different real sample matrices ranged from 93.3% to 110.1%. The developed method can thus be used for the quality control of PI residues in paper packaging materials of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Liang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China.
| | - Wen Du
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Jun Cao
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jianxin Ren
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Wenliu Lian
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd, Changsha, Hunan 410007, China
| | - Hongmei Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Hongli Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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5
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Peng X, Zhang J, Stachurski ZH, Banaszak Holl MM, Xiao P. Visible-Light-Sensitive Triazine-Coated Silica Nanoparticles: A Dual Role Approach to Polymer Nanocomposite Materials with Enhanced Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:46033-46042. [PMID: 34530612 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanocomposite materials are of great interest because of their superior properties. Besides the traditional synthesis methods that require high temperatures or toxic solvents, photopolymerization technology provides a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly route in preparing nanocomposites. In this research, the preparation of blue-light-sensitive triazine derivative-coated silica nanoparticles is presented. The resulting triazine-coated silica nanoparticles can play a dual role, i.e., acting as both photoinitiators to trigger photopolymerization reactions under the irradiation of LED@410 nm and fillers to endow the produced photopolymer nanocomposite materials with enhanced properties. Specifically, the triazine-coated silica nanoparticles can successfully induce free radical polymerization of trimethylolpropane triacrylate efficiently under the irradiation of LED@410 nm and demonstrate comparable photoinitiation ability to the triazine derivative-based photoinitiator. The effects of different loading amounts of triazine-coated silica nanoparticles toward the photopolymerization kinetics are also evaluated. By coating with the triazine derivative, the nanoparticles show good dispersion in the polymer matrix and significantly reduce the shrinkage of the samples during the photopolymerization. Moreover, the photocured nanocomposites exhibit enhanced migration stability and mechanical properties when an optimal amount of triazine-coated silica nanoparticles is added in the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Peng
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Zbigniew H Stachurski
- Research School of Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mark M Banaszak Holl
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Pu Xiao
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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6
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Kawasaki Y, Sendo T. Three photoinitiators induce breast tumor growth in mouse xenografts with MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:322-328. [PMID: 34522900 PMCID: PMC8426503 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoinitiators are utilized in the production of a wide range of commonly used products. However, some photoinitiators exert toxic effects. We previously demonstrated the endocrine-disrupting effects of photoinitiators in vitro. The present study investigated the estrogenic activities of three photoinitiators: 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK), methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate (MBB), and 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone (MTMP), which were subcutaneously injected into mouse xenografts with MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The results obtained showed that 1-HCHPK, MBB, and MTMP promoted breast tumor growth in these xenografts. A pretreatment with the estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen blocked the tumor growth-promoting effects of each photoinitiator. Collectively, the present results suggest that the three photoinitiators exhibit estrogenic agonist activities in vivo. Furthermore, as a factor for breast tumor growth, these photoinitiators potentially have estrogenic properties in vivo.
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7
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A review of three-dimensional printing for pharmaceutical applications: Quality control, risk assessment and future perspectives. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Walpitagama M, Carve M, Douek AM, Trestrail C, Bai Y, Kaslin J, Wlodkowic D. Additives migrating from 3D-printed plastic induce developmental toxicity and neuro-behavioural alterations in early life zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 213:105227. [PMID: 31226596 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of exposure to 3D-printed plastics as well as potential migration of toxic chemicals from 3D-printed plastics remains largely unexplored. In this work we applied leachates from plastics fabricated using a stereolithography (SLA) process to early developmental stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to investigate developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity. Migration of unpolymerized photoinitiator, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK) from a plastic solid phase to aqueous media at up to 200 mg/L in the first 24 h was detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both plastic extracts (LC50 22.25% v/v) and 1-HCHPK (LC50 60 mg/L) induced mortality and teratogenicity within 48 h of exposure. Developmental toxicity correlated with in situ generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an increase in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation markers and enhanced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in embryos exposed to concentrations as low as 20% v/v for plastic extracts and 16 mg/L for 1-HCHPK. ROS-induced cellular damage led to induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis which could be pharmacologically inhibited with both antioxidant ascorbic acid and a pan-caspase inhibitor. Neuro-behavioral analysis showed that exposure to plastic leachates reduced spontaneous embryonic movement in 24-36 hpf embryos. Plastic extracts in concentrations above 20% v/v induced rapid retardation of locomotion, changes in photomotor response and habituation to photic stimuli with progressive paralysis in 120 hpf larvae. Significantly decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity with lack of any CNS-specific apoptotic phenotypes as well as lack of changes in motor neuron density, axonal growth, muscle segment integrity or presence of myoseptal defects were detected upon exposure to plastic extracts during embryogenesis. Considering implications of the results for environmental risk assessment and the growing usage of 3D-printing technologies, we speculate that some 3D-printed plastic waste may represent a significant and yet very poorly uncharacterized environmental hazard that merits further investigation on a range of aquatic and terrestrial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milanga Walpitagama
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Megan Carve
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Alon M Douek
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Charlene Trestrail
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Yutao Bai
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Jan Kaslin
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Donald Wlodkowic
- The Phenomics Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia.
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9
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Fauchere C, Berger-Gryllaki M, Sadeghipour F. Investigation of Drug-Packaging Interactions with Mass Spectroscopy Detectors: A Meta-Synthesis of the Literature. PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY IN HOSPITAL PHARMACY 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pthp-2018-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The production of hospital-compounded medicines with a longer shelf life raises questions about drug-packaging interactions, especially desorption events involving extractables and leachables (E/L). A meta-synthesis of the literature was performed to describe which mass spectrometer is suitable for identifying and quantifying E/L.
Methods
A meta-synthesis of studies focused on the identification or quantification of E/L published between January 1997 and December 2017 was performed. Inclusion criteria were E/L studies dealing with pharmaceutical products, in which mass spectrometry (MS) coupled to liquid chromatography (LC) or gas chromatography (GC) was used. The full-text articles had to be available and written in English. Articles about food packaging, environmental contamination, counterfeit compounds, pharmacokinetics, or process-related impurity studies were excluded. Two researchers independently assessed the papers according to a score based on a seven-item questionnaire.
Results
In total, 32 papers matched our criteria and were included in the meta-synthesis. For qualitative analysis with LC, quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF; n=4) and ion trap (n=4) mass detectors were used the most; and with GC, single quadrupole (n=8). For quantification studies with LC, QTOF (n=3) and triple quadrupole (n=2) were used the most; and with GC, single quadrupole (n=7).
Conclusions
For simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of E/L with LC, QTOF or Orbitrap is a suitable detector. For quantitative analysis with LC only, triple quadrupole is suitable. For qualitative and quantitative analysis with GC, single quadrupole can be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Fauchere
- Pharmacy , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois , Lausanne , Switzerland
- Ecole de Pharmacie Geneve-Lausanne , Geneve , GE , Switzerland
| | | | - Farshid Sadeghipour
- Pharmacy , Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois , Lausanne , Switzerland
- Ecole de Pharmacie Geneve-Lausanne , Geneve , GE , Switzerland
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10
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Takai M, Kawasaki Y, Arimoto S, Tanimoto Y, Kitamura Y, Sendo T. UV-irradiated 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone-containing injection solution produced frameshift mutations in the Ames mutagenicity assay. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10135-10140. [PMID: 29488202 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we detected the photoinitiators 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK), methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate (MBB), and 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone (MTMP) in intravenous injection solutions. In addition, we reported that 1-HCHPK, MBB, and MTMP exhibited cytotoxicity towards normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A previous in vitro study reported that a free-radical photoinitiator introduced covalently bound purine residues into DNA. However, little is known about the in vitro mutagenicity of 1-HCHPK, MBB, and MTMP. In the present in vitro study, we evaluated the mutagenicity of 1-HCHPK, MBB, and MTMP using the Ames test. We found that untreated 1-HCHPK, MBB, and MTMP were not mutagenic in S. typhimurium strain TA97, TA98, TA100, TA102, or TA1535, regardless of the presence/absence of S9 activation. However, ultraviolet (UV) light-irradiated MTMP exhibited mutagenicity in S. typhimurium strain TA97 in the absence of S9 activation. In conclusion, we suggest that exposure to UV-irradiated MTMP, including in intravenous injection solutions, can result in frameshift mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Takai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kawasaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Sakae Arimoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka; Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tanimoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka; Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kitamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sendo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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11
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Carve M, Wlodkowic D. 3D-Printed Chips: Compatibility of Additive Manufacturing Photopolymeric Substrata with Biological Applications. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E91. [PMID: 30393367 PMCID: PMC6187525 DOI: 10.3390/mi9020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is ideal for building adaptable, structurally complex, three-dimensional, monolithic lab-on-chip (LOC) devices from only a computer design file. Consequently, it has potential to advance micro- to milllifluidic LOC design, prototyping, and production and further its application in areas of biomedical and biological research. However, its application in these areas has been hampered due to material biocompatibility concerns. In this review, we summarise commonly used AM techniques: vat polymerisation and material jetting. We discuss factors influencing material biocompatibility as well as methods to mitigate material toxicity and thus promote its application in these research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Carve
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Donald Wlodkowic
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia.
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12
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Sahin M, Krawczyk KK, Roszkowski P, Wang J, Kaynak B, Kern W, Schlögl S, Grützmacher H. Photoactive silica nanoparticles: Influence of surface functionalization on migration and kinetics of radical-induced photopolymerization reactions. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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13
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Tsuboi C, Kawasaki Y, Yoshitome K, Yagi K, Miura T, Esumi S, Miyazaki I, Asanuma M, Kitamura Y, Sendo T. In vitro quantitative determination of the concentration of the polymerization agent methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate in intravenous injection solution and the cytotoxic effects of the chemical on normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:10262-10269. [PMID: 27044286 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6332-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies, we detected the photoinitiators 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK) and 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone (MTMP) in an intravenous injection solution. Importantly, 1-HCHPK and MTMP have been demonstrated to be cytotoxic to normal human peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells (MNC). Cell death (apoptosis) pathways can be classified into two modes, caspase-dependent and -independent pathways. However, it is unclear whether methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate (MBB) induces the caspase-dependent and/or -independent pathway in normal human PBMNC. In the present in vitro study, we examined the levels of MBB in a solution from an intravenous fluid bag and the cytotoxicity of MBB towards normal human PBMNC via the caspase-8-, caspase-9-, or apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-mediated apoptosis pathways. We found that extracts from the injection solution had been contaminated with approximately 80 μM of the photoinitiator MBB. In addition, MBB induced apoptosis in the high concentration range in normal human PBMNC in vitro. Moreover, we found that MBB-induced apoptosis occurs via the caspase-9 pathway, but not the AIF pathway. In conclusion, we suggest that MBB has cytotoxic effects on normal human PBMNC in vitro, which are mediated via the caspase-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Tsuboi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kawasaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshitome
- Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Kenta Yagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Taro Miura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Satoru Esumi
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ikuko Miyazaki
- Department of Brain Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Masato Asanuma
- Department of Brain Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kitamura
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Toshiaki Sendo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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14
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Kawasaki Y, Sendo T. [Development of injection containers for patient and medical staff]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2015; 135:255-62. [PMID: 25747222 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.14-00228-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, there has been a transition from glass to plastic injection containers in Japan. In our previous study, we suggested that plastic containers had less impurity contamination than glass containers. However, the use of some plasticizers has been limited because of their endocrine disrupting effects. Therefore, contamination has been a concern due to chemicals in injection solution packed with plastic containers. Indeed, in our recent study, photoinitiators were detected in an injection solution coming from plastic containers. Photoinitiators mainly exist in ink. We therefore speculated that ink originating from a photoinitiator directly printing on plastic containers had migrated into the injection solutions. In a clinical setting, plastic containers are very tractable because they are lightweight and less breakable. On the other hand, from a safety view point, these containers may be hazardous because of permeation by steam, ambient air or photoinitiators. In the present symposium, we will discuss the risk of photoinitiators leaking into injection solution packed with plastic containers, and countermeasures to avoid this risk.
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15
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Kawasaki Y, Tsuboi C, Yagi K, Morizane M, Masaoka Y, Esumi S, Kitamura Y, Sendo T. Photoinitiators enhanced 1,2-dichloropropane-induced cytotoxicity in human normal embryonic lung fibroblasts cells in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:4763-4770. [PMID: 25501643 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3939-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dichloromethane (DCM) and 1,2-dichloropsropane (DCP) have various uses, including being solvents for paint removers. Photoinitiators are also used in a wide range of commercial applications such as printing. These chemicals have been shown to induce cytotoxic effects. In the present study, we evaluated the combined effects of DCM or DCP from paint removers and photoinitiators used in printing on normal human embryonic lung fibroblasts with the aim of preventing occupational injuries. We showed that DCP, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (2,2-DMPAP), 2-ethylhexyl-4-(dimethylamino) benzoate (2-EHDAB), 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK), and methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate (MBB) induced cytotoxicity, whereas DCM and 2-isopropylthioxanthone (2-ITX) did not. In addition, 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone (MTMP) caused a slight increase in cytotoxicity. The combination of DCP and the four photoinitiators (2,2-DMPAP, 2-EHDAB, MBB, and MTMP) significantly induced cytotoxicity and also led to apoptosis. In conclusion, the combination of DCP and photoinitiators may increase the risk of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Kawasaki
- Department of Pharmacy, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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16
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Morizane M, Kawasaki Y, Miura T, Yagi K, Esumi S, Kitamura Y, Sendo T. Photoinitiator-Initiated Estrogenic Activity in Human Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2015; 78:1450-1460. [PMID: 26692070 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1094431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A recent in vitro study reported that the photoinitiator 2-isopropylthioxanthone (2-ITX) is an endocrine-disrupting compound (EDC). However, it is not clear whether other photoinitiators such as 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (1-HCHPK) and 2-methyl-4'-(methylthio)-2-morpholinopropiophenone (MTMP) produce endocrine-disrupting effects. The purpose of this study was thus to assess the association between estrogenic activity and exposure to photoinitiators. For estimation of the proliferative effect of the photoinitiators, the E-screen assay was used. Six photoinitiators, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (2,2-DMPAP), 2-ethylhexyl 4-(dimethylamino)benzoate (2-EHDAB), 1-HCHPK, 2-ITX, methyl-2-benzoylbenzoate (MBB), and MTMP, significantly increased number of MCF-7 cells, an estrogen-sensitive human breast cancer cell line. In addition, pretreatment with estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists such as clomiphene, tamoxifen, or fulvestrant, significantly reversed the proliferative effect of each photoinitiator. Data demonstrated that the six photoinitiators produced endocrine-disrupting effects and that these photoinitiators interacted with ER as agonists. Evidence indicates that the six photoinitiators demonstrated estrogenic activity via ER as agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Morizane
- a Department of Pharmacy , Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yoichi Kawasaki
- a Department of Pharmacy , Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Taro Miura
- a Department of Pharmacy , Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Kenta Yagi
- a Department of Pharmacy , Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Satoru Esumi
- a Department of Pharmacy , Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Kitamura
- a Department of Pharmacy , Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sendo
- a Department of Pharmacy , Okayama University Hospital , Okayama , Japan
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