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Yao J, Lan B, Ma C, Liu Y, Wu X, Feng K, Chen H, Wen Q. RNA-sequencing approach for exploring the protective mechanisms of dexmedetomidine on pancreatic injury in severe acute pancreatitis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1189486. [PMID: 37251314 PMCID: PMC10211339 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1189486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a severe form of acute pancreatitis with the potential to cause life-threatening complications. Patients with acute SAP require surgical intervention and are admitted to the intensive care unit for non-invasive ventilation. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is currently used by intensive care clinicians and anaesthesiologists as an adjunctive sedative. Therefore, the clinical availability of Dex makes it easier to implement in SAP treatment than developing new drugs. Methods: Randomly dividing thirty rats into sham-operated (Sham), SAP, and Dex groups. The severity of pancreatic tissue injury in each rat was assessed by Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Serum amylase activity and inflammatory factor levels were measured using commercially available kits. The expressions of necroptosis-related proteins, myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD68, and 4-hydroxy-trans-2-nonenal (HNE) were detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining was utilized to identify pancreatic acinar cell apoptosis. The subcellular organelle structure of pancreatic acinar cells was observed using transmission electron microscopy. The regulatory effect of Dex on the gene expression profile of SAP rat pancreas tissue was investigated using RNA sequencing. We screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) measured critical DEG mRNA expression in rat pancreatic tissues. Results: Dex attenuated SAP-induced pancreatic injury, infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and oxidative stress. Dex inhibited the expression of necroptosis-associated proteins RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL and alleviated apoptosis in acinar cells. Dex also mitigated the structural damage caused by SAP to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Dex inhibited SAP-induced 473 DEGs, as determined by RNA sequencing. Dex may regulate SAP-induced inflammatory response and tissue damage by inhibiting the toll-like receptor/nuclear factor κB (TLR/NF-κB) signaling pathway and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Conclusion: This study elucidated the remarkable effect of Dex against SAP and investigated the potential mechanism of action, providing an experimental base for the future clinical application of Dex in the treatment of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Bowen Lan
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Kaixuan Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
- College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingping Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Singh H, Rai V, Nooti SK, Agrawal DK. Novel ligands and modulators of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells receptor family: 2015-2020 updates. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:549-561. [PMID: 33507843 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1883587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREMs) are inflammatory amplifiers with defined pathophysiological role in various infectious diseases, acute and chronic aseptic inflammations, and a variety of cancers, depicting TREMs as prominent therapeutic targets.Areas covered: Herein, updates from 2015 to 2020 are discussed to divulge the TREM ligands, as well as their peptide blockers, claimed to modulate their expression. The article also presents different strategies employed during the last five years to block interactions between TREMs and their ligands to treat various disease conditions by modulating their expression and activity.Expert opinion: There has been significant progress in the discovery of novel ligands and modulators of TREMs in the last five years that mainly revolved around the function of TREM molecules. A few peptides showed encouraging results to modulate the expression and activity of TREMs in preclinical studies, and these peptides are currently under clinical investigation. Based on the findings so far in several careful studies, we expect novel therapeutics in the near future which could have the ability to treat various disease conditions associated with TREM expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harbinder Singh
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences , Pomona, California, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences , Pomona, California, USA
| | - Sunil K Nooti
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences , Pomona, California, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences , Pomona, California, USA
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Tammaro A, Derive M, Gibot S, Leemans JC, Florquin S, Dessing MC. TREM-1 and its potential ligands in non-infectious diseases: from biology to clinical perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:81-95. [PMID: 28245991 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is expressed on the majority of innate immune cells and to a lesser extent on parenchymal cells. Upon activation, TREM-1 can directly amplify an inflammatory response. Although it was initially demonstrated that TREM-1 was predominantly associated with infectious diseases, recent evidences shed new light into its role in sterile inflammatory diseases. Indeed, TREM-1 receptor and its signaling pathways contribute to the pathology of several non-infectious acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, ischemia reperfusion-induced tissue injury, colitis, fibrosis and cancer. This review, aims to give an extensive overview of TREM-1 in non-infectious diseases, with the focus on the therapeutic potential of TREM-1 intervention strategies herein. In addition, we provide the reader with a functional enrichment analysis of TREM-1 signaling pathway and potential TREM-1 ligands in these diseases, obtained via in silico approach. We discuss pre-clinical studies which show that TREM-1 inhibition, via synthetic soluble TREM-1 protein mimickers, is effective in treating (preventing) specific inflammatory disorders, without significant effects on antibacterial response. Further research aimed at identifying specific TREM-1 ligands, in different inflammatory disorders, is required to further unravel the role of this receptor, and explore new avenues to modulate its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Tammaro
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Sebastien Gibot
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Central, CHU Nancy, Nancy, France; Inserm UMR_S1116, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Jaklien C Leemans
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Florquin
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C Dessing
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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