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Ye L, Yang L, Wang B, Chen G, Jiang L, Hu Z, Shi Z, Liu Y, Chen S. The Chromosome-level genome of Aesculus wilsonii provides new insights into terpenoid biosynthesis and Aesculus evolution. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1022169. [PMID: 36388583 PMCID: PMC9642078 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1022169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aesculus L. (buckeye and horse chestnut) are woody plant species with important horticultural and medicinal values. Aesculus seeds are widely used as biomedicine and cosmetic ingredients due to their saponins. We report a chromosomal-scale genome of Aesculus wilsonii. Sequences amounting to a total of 579.01 Mb were assembled into 20 chromosomes. More than half of the genome (54.46%) were annotated as repetitive sequences, and 46,914 protein-coding genes were predicted. In addition to the widespread gamma event with core eudicots, a unique whole-genome duplication (WGD) event (17.69 Mya) occurred in Aesculus after buckeye differentiated from longan. Due to WGD events and tandem duplications, the related synthetic genes of triterpene saponins unique to Aesculus increased significantly. Combined with transcriptome characterization, the study preliminarily resolved the biosynthetic pathway of triterpenoid saponins like aescin in A. wilsonii genome. Analyses of the resequencing of 104 buckeye accessions revealed clear relationship between the geographic distribution and genetic differentiation of buckeye trees in China. We found that the buckeye species found in southern Shaanxi is A. wilsonii rather than A. chinensis. Population dynamics analysis further suggests that the population size and evolution of existing buckeye species have been influenced by climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene and recent domestication events. The genome of A. wilsonii and population genomics of Aesculus provide a resource for future research on Hippocastanaceae. These findings will contribute to the utilization and diversity protection of Aesculus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Genomics Project Department, Wuhan Benagen Tech Solutions Company Limited, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Hubei Institute for Drug Control, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Genomics Project Department, Wuhan Benagen Tech Solutions Company Limited, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Institute of herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Kim JH, Vinh LB, Hur M, Koo SC, Park WT, Moon YH, Lee YJ, Kim YH, Huh YC, Yang SY. Inhibitory Activity of 4- O-Benzoyl-3'- O-(OMethylsinapoyl) Sucrose from Polygala tenuifolia on Escherichia coliβ-Glucuronidase. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1576-1582. [PMID: 34528918 PMCID: PMC9705844 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2108.08004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial β-glucuronidase in the intestine is involved in the conversion of 7-ethyl-10- hydroxycamptochecin glucuronide (derived from irinotecan) to 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin, which causes intestinal bleeding and diarrhea (side effects of anti-cancer drugs). Twelve compounds (1-12) from Polygala tenuifolia were evaluated in terms of β-glucuronidase inhibition in vitro. 4-O-Benzoyl-3'-O-(O-methylsinapoyl) sucrose (C3) was highly inhibitory at low concentrations. C3 (an uncompetitive inhibitor) exhibited a ki value of 13.4 μM; inhibitory activity increased as the substrate concentration rose. Molecular simulation revealed that C3 bound principally to the Gln158-Tyr160 enzyme loop. Thus, C3 will serve as a lead compound for development of new β- glucuronidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hoon Kim
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Ba Vinh
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry(IMBC), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology(VAST), Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Mok Hur
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Cheol Koo
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Tae Park
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Ho Moon
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Chan Huh
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea,
Y.C. Huh Phone: +82-43-871-5662 Fax: +82-43-871-5659 E-mail:
| | - Seo Young Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors S.Y. Yang Phone: +82-33-738-7921 Fax: +82-33-738-7652 E-mail:
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