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Sambon M, Gorlova A, Demelenne A, Alhama-Riba J, Coumans B, Lakaye B, Wins P, Fillet M, Anthony DC, Strekalova T, Bettendorff L. Dibenzoylthiamine Has Powerful Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Cultured Cells and in Mouse Models of Stress and Neurodegeneration. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8090361. [PMID: 32962139 PMCID: PMC7555733 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiamine precursors, the most studied being benfotiamine (BFT), have protective effects in mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. BFT decreased oxidative stress and inflammation, two major characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases, in a neuroblastoma cell line (Neuro2a) and an immortalized brain microglial cell line (BV2). Here, we tested the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the hitherto unexplored derivative O,S-dibenzoylthiamine (DBT) in these two cell lines. We show that DBT protects Neuro2a cells against paraquat (PQ) toxicity by counteracting oxidative stress at low concentrations and increases the synthesis of reduced glutathione and NADPH in a Nrf2-independent manner. In BV2 cells activated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS), DBT significantly decreased inflammation by suppressing translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus. Our results also demonstrate the superiority of DBT over thiamine and other thiamine precursors, including BFT, in all of the in vitro models. Finally, we show that the chronic administration of DBT arrested motor dysfunction in FUS transgenic mice, a model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and it reduced depressive-like behavior in a mouse model of ultrasound-induced stress in which it normalized oxidative stress marker levels in the brain. Together, our data suggest that DBT may have therapeutic potential for brain pathology associated with oxidative stress and inflammation by novel, coenzyme-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Sambon
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.S.); (J.A.-R.); (P.W.)
| | - Anna Gorlova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (T.S.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alice Demelenne
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Judit Alhama-Riba
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.S.); (J.A.-R.); (P.W.)
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
| | - Bernard Coumans
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cell, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (B.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Bernard Lakaye
- Laboratory of Molecular Regulation of Neurogenesis, GIGA-Stem Cell, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (B.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Pierre Wins
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.S.); (J.A.-R.); (P.W.)
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, CIRM, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Daniel C. Anthony
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (T.S.)
- Institute of Molecular Medicine Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Lucien Bettendorff
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (M.S.); (J.A.-R.); (P.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-4-366-5967
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Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Emerging role of thiamine therapy for prevention and treatment of early-stage diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011; 13:577-83. [PMID: 21342411 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2011.01384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Thiamine supplementation may prevent and reverse early-stage diabetic nephropathy. This probably occurs by correcting diabetes-linked increased clearance of thiamine, maintaining activity and expression of thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent enzymes that help counter the adverse effects of high glucose concentrations-particularly transketolase. Evidence from experimental and clinical studies suggests that metabolism and clearance of thiamine is disturbed in diabetes leading to tissue-specific thiamine deficiency in the kidney and other sites of development of vascular complications. Thiamine supplementation prevented the development of early-stage nephropathy in diabetic rats and reversed increased urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria in two recent clinical trials. The thiamine monophosphate prodrug, Benfotiamine, whilst preventing early-stage development of diabetic nephropathy experimentally, has failed to produce similar clinical effect. The probable explanations for this are discussed. Further definitive trials for prevention of progression of early-stage diabetic nephropathy by thiamine are now required.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rabbani
- Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Hospital, Coventry, UK.
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Prodrug thiamine analogs as inhibitors of the enzyme transketolase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 18:505-8. [PMID: 18083562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.11.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2007] [Revised: 11/21/2007] [Accepted: 11/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Transketolase, a key enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, has been suggested as a target for inhibition in the treatment of cancer. Compound 5a ('N3'-pyridyl thiamine'; 3-(6-methyl-2-amino-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-5-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-3-ium chloride hydrochloride), an analog of the transketolase cofactor thiamine, is a potent transketolase inhibitor but suffers from poor pharmacokinetics due to high clearance and C(max) linked toxicity. An efficient way of improving the pharmacokinetic profile of 5a is to prepare oxidized prodrugs which are slowly reduced in vivo yielding longer, sustained blood levels of the drug. The synthesis of such prodrugs and their evaluation in rodent models is reported.
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Gadau S, Emanueli C, Van Linthout S, Graiani G, Todaro M, Meloni M, Campesi I, Invernici G, Spillmann F, Ward K, Madeddu P. Benfotiamine accelerates the healing of ischaemic diabetic limbs in mice through protein kinase B/Akt-mediated potentiation of angiogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis. Diabetologia 2006; 49:405-20. [PMID: 16416271 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-005-0103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2005] [Accepted: 10/06/2005] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Benfotiamine, a vitamin B1 analogue, reportedly prevents diabetic microangiopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether benfotiamine is of benefit in reparative neovascularisation using a type I diabetes model of hindlimb ischaemia. We also investigated the involvement of protein kinase B (PKB)/Akt in the therapeutic effects of benfotiamine. METHODS Streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, given oral benfotiamine or vehicle, were subjected to unilateral limb ischaemia. Reparative neovascularisation was analysed by histology. The expression of Nos3 and Casp3 was evaluated by real-time PCR, and the activation state of PKB/Akt was assessed by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The functional importance of PKB/Akt in benfotiamine-induced effects was investigated using a dominant-negative construct. RESULTS Diabetic muscles showed reduced transketolase activity, which was corrected by benfotiamine. Importantly, benfotiamine prevented ischaemia-induced toe necrosis, improved hindlimb perfusion and oxygenation, and restored endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Histological studies revealed the improvement of reparative neovascularisation and the inhibition of endothelial and skeletal muscle cell apoptosis. In addition, benfotiamine prevented the vascular accumulation of advanced glycation end products and the induction of pro-apoptotic caspase-3, while restoring proper expression of Nos3 and Akt in ischaemic muscles. The benefits of benfotiamine were nullified by dominant-negative PKB/Akt. In vitro, benfotiamine stimulated the proliferation of human EPCs, while inhibiting apoptosis induced by high glucose. In diabetic mice, the number of circulating EPCs was reduced, with the deficit being corrected by benfotiamine. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We have demonstrated, for the first time, that benfotiamine aids the post-ischaemic healing of diabetic animals via PKB/Akt-mediated potentiation of angiogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis. In addition, benfotiamine combats the diabetes-induced deficit in endothelial progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gadau
- Experimental Medicine and Gene Therapy, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Osilo, Italy
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Hansch C, Hoekman D, Gao H. Comparative QSAR: Toward a Deeper Understanding of Chemicobiological Interactions. Chem Rev 1996; 96:1045-1076. [PMID: 11848780 DOI: 10.1021/cr9400976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Corwin Hansch
- Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, Claremont, California 91711
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