Chemical modification of proteins. VI. The reaction of N-(p-(2-benzimidazolyl)phenyl)maleimide (BIPM) with the thiol groups of egg albumin

Amino acid composition analysis of minute amounts of cysteine-containing proteins using 4-(aminosulfonyl)-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole and 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole in combination with HPLC

The simultaneous determination of amino acid composition including cysteine of egg albumin, a model protein containing a/s cysteine residue, is reported. All the thiol groups of the cysteine residue(s) of egg albumin were labelled with 4-(aminosulfonyl)-7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, a fluorogenic reagent for thiol groups. The labeled egg albumin was hydrolyzed in 6N HCl at 110 degrees C for 24 h. The hydrolysate was lyophilized, derivatized with 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole, a fluorogenic reagent for amines, and subjected to HPLC. 18 derivatized amino acids including double labelled cysteine were separated within 90 min on a Nucleosil ODS column (150 mm X 4.6 mm i.d.; 5 microns), and detected at 530 nm (ex. 470 nm) in a range from 90 fmol (aspartic acid) to 1.3 pmol (cysteine) (S/N = 3). Composition ratios of amino acids of egg albumin were similar to theoretical values except for methionine, which would be destroyed under the present acid hydrolysis condition. Analytical methods for cysteine residues are reviewed, and the availability of fluorogenic reagents having the benzofurazan structure is also discussed.