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Almeida ML, Oliveira MC, Pitta IR, Pitta MG. Advances in Synthesis and Medicinal Applications of Compounds Derived from Phthalimide. Curr Org Synth 2020; 17:252-270. [DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200325124712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phthalimide derivatives have been presenting several promising biological activities in the literature,
such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, antimicrobial and anticonvulsant. The most well-known and
studied phthalimide derivative (isoindoline-1,3-dione) is thalidomide: this compound initially presented
important sedative effects, but it is now known that thalidomide has effectiveness against a wide variety of
diseases, including inflammation and cancer. This review approaches some of the recent and efficient chemical
synthesis pathways to obtain phthalimide analogues and also presents a summary of the main biological
activities of these derivatives found in the literature. Therefore, this review describes the chemical and
therapeutic aspects of phthalimide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel L. Almeida
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutical Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Bioscience Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Maria C.V.A. Oliveira
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutical Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Bioscience Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ivan R. Pitta
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutical Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Bioscience Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Marina G.R. Pitta
- Nucleus of Research in Therapeutical Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT SG), Bioscience Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Synthesis and DNase I inhibitory properties of some 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:693-705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Yang J, Zhao B, Xi Y, Sun S, Yang Z, Ye Y, Jiang K, Wei Y. Construction of Benzene Rings by Copper-Catalyzed Cycloaddition Reactions of Oximes and Maleimides: An Access to Fused Phthalimides. Org Lett 2018; 20:1216-1219. [PMID: 29411987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A useful Cu-catalyzed cycloaddition protocol for the construction of benzene rings has been achieved. The reactions, utilizing readily available oximes and maleimides as starting materials, proceed under mild reaction conditions to generate a series of structurally interesting fused-phthalimides that are difficult to be prepared by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yue Xi
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Si Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ying Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ye Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing, 400038, China
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Chidan Kumar CS, Loh WS, Chandraju S, Win YF, Tan WK, Quah CK, Fun HK. Synthesis, structural and antioxidant studies of some novel N-ethyl phthalimide esters. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119440. [PMID: 25742494 PMCID: PMC4351070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of N-ethyl phthalimide esters 4(a-n) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic studies. Further, the molecular structure of majority of compounds were analysed by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The X-ray analysis revealed the importance of substituents on the crystal stability and molecular packing. All the synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging, FRAP and CUPRAC methods. Few of them have shown good antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Chidan Kumar
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Chemistry, Alva’s Institute of Engineering & Technology, Mijar, Karnataka, India
- * E-mail: (CKQ); (CSCK)
| | - Wan-Sin Loh
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siddegowda Chandraju
- Department of Sugar Technology & Chemistry, University of Mysore, Sir M.V. PG Center, Tubinakere, Karnataka, India
| | - Yip-Foo Win
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak Campus, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Weng Kang Tan
- Klinik Kesihatan Batu Kawa, Jalan Stapok Utara/ Utara, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Ching Kheng Quah
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (CKQ); (CSCK)
| | - Hoong-Kun Fun
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Davood A, Azimidoost L, Shafaroodi H, Amini M, Iman M, Ansari A, Nikbakht A, Rahmatpour S, Nematollahi AR. Docking and Synthesis of 2-Arylisoindoline-1,3-dione Derivatives as Anticonvulsant Agents. Pharm Chem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-014-1073-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kamiński K, Obniska J, Wiklik B, Atamanyuk D. Synthesis and anticonvulsant properties of new acetamide derivatives of phthalimide, and its saturated cyclohexane and norbornene analogs. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:4634-41. [PMID: 21840629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 05/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and anticonvulsant properties of new piperazine or morpholine acetamides derived from 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-, 2-(1,3-dioxo-3a,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydroisoindol-2-yl-) and (3,5-dioxo-4-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]dec-8-en-4-yl)-acetic acid were described. Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed using maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizures tests. The neurotoxicity was determined applying the minimal motor impairment rotarod test. The in vivo results revealed that numerous compounds were effective in the MES screen. The most active was 2-{2-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl}isoindoline-1,3-dione (12) that revealed protection in the electrically induced seizures at a dose of 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg 0.5 h and 4 h after i.p. administration in mice respectively. This molecule given orally in rats at a dose of 30 mg/kg was more potent than reference anticonvulsant--phenytoin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kamiński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
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Yadav N, Malhotra M, Monga V, Sharma S, Jain J, Samad A, Deep A. Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of new GABA analogs as potent anticonvulsant agents. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Habib OMA, Zhao-Karger Z, Abdelhamid IA, Wartchow R, Butenschön H. Phthalimide Tricarbonylchromium Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Nucleophilic Addition, and Unanticipated syn Adduct Formation upon Addition of Propynyllithium. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Candeias NR, Branco LC, Gois PMP, Afonso CAM, Trindade AF. More Sustainable Approaches for the Synthesis of N-Based Heterocycles. Chem Rev 2009; 109:2703-802. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800462w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuno R. Candeias
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís C. Branco
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. P. Gois
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A. M. Afonso
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandre F. Trindade
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular (CQFM) and Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology (IN), Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, Instituto Superior Técnico, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal, and iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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Pluempanupat W, Adisakwattana S, Yibchok-Anun S, Chavasiri W. Synthesis of N-phenylphthalimide derivatives as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 30:1501-6. [PMID: 18254235 DOI: 10.1007/bf02977317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen N-phenylphthalimide derivatives were synthesized and their ability to inhibit alpha-glucosidase was investigated. N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)phthalimide was a potent inhibitor of yeast alpha-glucosidase (IC50; 0.158 +/- 0.005 mM) and maltase (IC50; 0.051 +/- 0.008 mM), whereas it did not inhibit sucrase. From a Lineweaver-Burk plot of alpha-glucosidase kinetics, N-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)phthalimide was found to be a competitive inhibitor of yeast alpha-glucosidase. These results indicate that N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)phthalimide could be a representative of a new group of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchai Pluempanupat
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Akgul O, Sultan Kilic F, Erol K, Pabuccuoglu V. Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of SomeN-Phenyl-2-phtalimidoethanesulfonamide Derivatives. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2007; 340:656-60. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200700166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Yogeeswari P, Ragavendran JV, Sriram D, Kavya R, Vanitha K, Neelakantan H. Newer N-Phthaloyl GABA Derivatives with Antiallodynic and Antihyperalgesic Activities in Both Sciatic Nerve and Spinal Nerve Ligation Models of Neuropathic Pain. Pharmacology 2007; 81:21-31. [PMID: 17785996 DOI: 10.1159/000107711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 04/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is considerable research evidence supporting a palliative role for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic neurotransmission and voltage-gated sodium channel blockade in neuropathic pain conditions. Hence, the present study was undertaken to assess the peripheral analgesic, antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities of the synthesized structural analogues of GABA. METHODS The screening study included acute tissue injury, chronic constriction injury (CCI), and spinal nerve ligation (SNL) models of neuropathic pain. RESULTS All of the tested compounds sup-pressed the acetic acid-induced writhing response significantly in comparison to the control. In particular, compound JVP-8 was observed to be the most active compound with percent inhibition greater than that of the standard drug aspirin (97.8% inhibition of writhing response as against 97.0% shown by aspirin). In neuropathic pain studies, compound JVP-5 (100 mg/kg i.p.) emerged as the most active compound affording maximum protection against dynamic allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia in the CCI model, and against spontaneous pain and mechanical hyperalgesia in SNL rats. CONCLUSION In this study, we have demonstrated that combining phthalimide pharmacophore with GABA has evolved compounds effective for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Yogeeswari
- Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
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Ragavendran JV, Sriram D, Patel SK, Reddy IV, Bharathwajan N, Stables J, Yogeeswari P. Design and synthesis of anticonvulsants from a combined phthalimide–GABA–anilide and hydrazone pharmacophore. Eur J Med Chem 2007; 42:146-51. [PMID: 17011080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2006] [Revised: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Two series of pharmacophoric hybrids of phthalimide-GABA-anilides/hydrazones were designed and synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant and neurotoxic properties. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by the use of their spectral data besides elemental analysis. Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed using intraperitoneal (i.p.) maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES), subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ), subcutaneous strychnine (scSTY), and intraperitoneal picrotoxin (ipPIC)-induced seizure threshold tests. All of the compounds were ineffective in the MES test. Most of the compounds were found to be effective in the scSTY and ipPIC models and very few compounds showed protection in the scPTZ model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jegadeesan Vaigunda Ragavendran
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Vidya Vihar, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India
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Soyer Z, Kiliç FS, Erol K, Pabuçcuoğlu V. Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of some ω-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-phenylacetamide and propionamide derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 59:595-600. [PMID: 15262528 DOI: 10.1016/j.farmac.2003.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2003] [Accepted: 07/30/2003] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, eight new omega-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-phenylacetamide and propionamide derivatives having 2,6-dimethyl, 2,6-dichloro, 2-chloro-6-methyl and 2-isopropyl substitutions on N-phenyl ring were synthesized to evaluate anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock test. The most active compounds in the series were the derivatives bearing 2-isopropyl and 2,6-dimethyl substituents on N-phenyl ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Soyer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
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Abdel-Hafez AAM. Synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation ofN-substituted-isoindolinedione derivatives. Arch Pharm Res 2004; 27:495-501. [PMID: 15202553 DOI: 10.1007/bf02980121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-substituted-1,3-isoindolinedione derivatives (2-16) were synthesized for the purpose of defining the effect of N-substitution on the anticonvulsant activity of these derivatives. The target compounds (2-16) were obtained by condensation of phthalic anhydride with the corresponding amine derivative. The structures of the synthesized derivatives (2-16) were confirmed by means of IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS and elemental analyses. The anticonvulsant activity of all compounds (2-16) were evaluated by subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole seizure threshold test at doses of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mmol/kg compared with sodium valproate as a positive control. Their neurotoxicity were determined by the rotorod test. Many of the present series of compounds showed good anticonvulsant activity at the tested doses, as compared to sodium valproate. Three of them (4, 6 and 11) exhibited 100% protection against convulsions, neurotoxicity and death at all tested doses. Out of the series, two compounds (12 and 13) were completely inactive with 100% mortality. 3-(p-chlorophenyl)-4-(1,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-2-isoindolyl)butanoic acid derivative (11) has emerged as the most active compound which is 20 times more active than valproate with ED50 8.7, 169 mg/kg; TD50 413, 406 mg/kg and PI 47.5, 2.4. The results revealed the importance of the combination of baclofenic and phthalimide moieties (compound 11) as a promising anticonvulsant candidate.
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Kiriazis A, Leikoski T, Mutikainen I, Yli-Kauhaluoma J. The Diels−Alder Reaction between Deactivated Dienes and Electron-Deficient Dienophiles on Solid Support: Stereoselective Synthesis of Hexahydro-1,3-dioxoisoindoles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 6:283-5. [PMID: 15002979 DOI: 10.1021/cc030114h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Kiriazis
- Viikki Drug Discovery Technology Center, Department of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5 E), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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Yogeeswari P, Sriram D, Saraswat V, Ragavendran JV, Kumar MM, Murugesan S, Thirumurugan R, Stables JP. Synthesis and anticonvulsant and neurotoxicity evaluation of N4-phthalimido phenyl (thio) semicarbazides. Eur J Pharm Sci 2003; 20:341-6. [PMID: 14592700 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2003.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The phenyl (thio) semicarbazide derivatives of phthalimido pharmacophore were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant and neurotoxic properties. Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed using intraperitoneal (i.p.), maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES), subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) and subcutaneous strychnine (sc STY)-induced seizure threshold tests in mice. Compound 2c afforded protection in all the three screens. Compounds except 1d, 2a and 2d showed no neurotoxicity up to 300 mg/kg. Compounds 1a, 1b, 2c, 2d, 2g and 2i were found to show oral MES activity. The compounds exhibited CNS depression and behavioral despair side effects, lesser than the conventional antiepileptic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yogeeswari
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, India.
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Aktürk Z, Kiliç F, Erol K, Pabuçcuoğlu V. Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of some omega-(1H-1-imidazolyl)-N-phenylalkanoic acid amide derivatives. FARMACO (SOCIETA CHIMICA ITALIANA : 1989) 2002; 57:201-6. [PMID: 11989798 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(01)01197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 15 omega-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-phenylacetamide, propionamide and butyramide derivatives having methoxyl, methyl, nitro and chloro in ortho position of N-phenyl ring or without any substituent have been realized by two-step synthesis. Their anticonvulsant activity was determined against seizures induced by maximal electroshock (MES). The most active compound in the series was 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-(o-chlorophenyl)acetamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Aktürk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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Vamecq J, Bac P, Herrenknecht C, Maurois P, Delcourt P, Stables JP. Synthesis and anticonvulsant and neurotoxic properties of substituted N-phenyl derivatives of the phthalimide pharmacophore. J Med Chem 2000; 43:1311-9. [PMID: 10753468 DOI: 10.1021/jm990068t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of compounds including 4-amino (1), 3-amino (2), 4-nitro (3), 2-methyl-3-amino (4), 2-methyl-3-nitro (5), 2-methyl-4-amino (6), 2-methyl-4-nitro (7), 2-methyl-5-amino (8), 2-methyl-5-nitro (9), 2-methyl-6-amino (10), 2-methyl-6-nitro (11), 2,6-dimethyl (12), 2-methyl-3-carboxy (13), 2-methoxycarbonyl (14), 2-methyl-4-methoxy (15), 2,4-dimethoxy (16), 2-chloro-4-amino (17), and 2-chloro-4-nitro (18) N-phenyl substituents of phthalimide were evaluated along with N-[3-methyl-(2-pyridinyl)]phthalimide (19), N-(3-amino-2-methylphenyl)succinimide (20), and phenytoin for anticonvulsant and neurotoxic properties. Initial screening in the intraperitoneal (ip) maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES) test and the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure (scPtz) test in mice led to the selection of 1, 2, 4, 10, 12, 17, and 19 for oral MES evaluation in rats. The resultant ED(50) values for 4, 10, 17, and phenytoin were 8.0, 28.3, 5.7 and 29.8 mg/kg, respectively. In the batrachotoxin affinity assay, IC(50) values for 17 and phenytoin were 0.15 and 0.93 microM, respectively, and in the recently validated magnesium deficiency-dependent audiogenic seizure test, ED(50) values of 5.2 and 23 mg/kg were obtained for 17 and phenytoin, respectively. Electrophysiology studies on compound 17 point out its ability to (i) potentiate GABA-evoked current responses with a failure to directly activate the GABAA receptor and (ii) to affect, at 100 microM excitatory non NMDA, but not NMDA, receptors with a 25% block of kainate-evoked response. Electrophysiology measurements on voltage-gated sodium channels in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells confirm voltage-dependent block of these channels by compound 17. In view of its interaction with multiple ion channels, one would predict that compound 17 might be active in a wide range of seizure models.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vamecq
- INSERM/Neuropaediatrics Department, Hôpital Roger Salengro, CHU Lille, 2, Avenue Oscar Lembret, 59037 Lille, France
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Gawroński J, Gawrońska K, Brzostowska M. 4,5-Dimethoxyphthalimide and 6,7-dimethoxy-2,3-naphthalimide — Two new chromophoric derivatives for the amino group. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)02562-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Vamecq J, Lambert D, Poupaert JH, Masereel B, Stables JP. Anticonvulsant activity and interactions with neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channel of analogues of ameltolide. J Med Chem 1998; 41:3307-13. [PMID: 9719582 DOI: 10.1021/jm9608772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen compounds related to ameltolide (LY 201116) were studied for (i) anticonvulsant potential in the maximal electroshock-induced seizures (MES) and the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol (sc Ptz) tests in mice and rats and (ii) interactions with neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channels. Compounds were chosen ranging in anticonvulsant activity in mice from very active to inactive. The active compounds were defined as those protecting 50% of the animals at doses between 10 and 50 micromol/kg and inactive compounds as those protecting 50% of the animals at doses greater than 1 mmol/kg. The series studied included three N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)benzamides (compounds 1, 2 (ameltolide), and 3), three N-(2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl)piperidinyl-4-benzamides (compounds 4, 5, 6), one phenylthiourea (compound 7), five N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)phthalimides (compounds 8, 9, 10, 13, and 14), two N-phenylphthalimide derivatives (compounds 11 and 12), and one N-(2,2,6, 6-tetramethyl)piperidinyl-4-phthalimide (compound 15). Phenytoin (PHT) was employed as the reference prototype antiepileptic drug. After inital screening in mice, compounds 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 13, and 14 were selected for further testing in rats. Anticonvulsant ED50s (effective doses in at least 50% of animals tested) of compounds in the MES test were determined in rats dosed orally and amounted to 52 (1), 135 (2), 284 (3), 231 (8), 131 (9), 25 (10), 369 (13), 354 (14), and 121 (PHT) micromol/kg, compound 5 presenting with an ED50 value higher than 650 micromol/kg. In our hands, the apparent IC50s (inhibitory concentrations 50) of compounds toward binding to rat brain synaptosomes of [3H]batrachotoxinin-A-20alpha-benzoate were 0.25 (1), 0.97 (2), 0.35 (3), 25.8 (5), 161.3 (8), 183.5 (9), 0.11 (10), 1.86 (13), 47.8 (14), and 0.86 (PHT) microM. The relationship between the activity in the MES test and the capacity to interact in vitro with neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channels and the fact that the IC50 values obtained in the in vitro test are close to the brain concentrations at which anticonvulsant activities are reported to occur for ameltolide strongly suggest that the anticonvulsant properties of most compounds tested could be a direct result of their interaction with the neuronal voltage-dependent sodium channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vamecq
- INSERM/CHRU Lille, Domaine du Certia, 369 rue Jules Guesde, BP 39, 59651 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Bailleux V, Vallée L, Nuyts JP, Vamecq J. Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of two N-(2,6- dimethylphenyl)pyridinedicarboximides. Biomed Pharmacother 1995; 49:75-8. [PMID: 7605905 DOI: 10.1016/0753-3322(96)82590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Two N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)pyridinedicarboximides were synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant properties and neurotoxicity. These compounds were mainly active against maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizures in animal models. In rats dosed orally, N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl-2,3-pyridinedicarboximide 1 exhibited an anti-MES ED50 of 54.2 mumol/kg and a protective index (PI = TD50/ED50) superior to 27.4. In mice dosed intraperitoneally, compound 1 is less active against MES induced seizure (ED50 = 160.9 mumol/kg) and more neurotoxic as evidenced by a low protective index (1.93). Comparison with published data on phenytoin reveals that compound 1 is, in rats dosed orally, two-fold more potent than this antiepileptic drug against MES induced seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bailleux
- Epilepsy Center/Pediatric Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Hôpital B, France
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Fujita T, Adachi M, Akamatsu M, Asao M, Fukami H, Inoue Y, Iwataki I, Kido M, Koga H, Kobayashi T, Kumita I, Makino K, Oda K, Ogino A, Ohta M, Sakamoto F, Sekiya T, Shimizu R, Takayama C, Tada Y, Ueda I, Umeda Y, Yamakawa M, Yamaura Y, Yoshioka H, Yoshida M, Yoshimoto M, Wakabayashi K. Background and features of emil, a system for database-aided bioanalogous structural transformation of bioactive compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0165-7208(06)80052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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