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Erbas Z, Soylak M. Determination of Rhodamine B by UV–Vis spectrophotometry in cosmetics after microextraction by using heat-induced homogeneous liquid–liquid extraction method. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02579-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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2
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Akhtar A, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Baig JA, Musharraf SG, Arain MB. Efficiency of different green shaking extraction methods for the preconcentration of trace quantity of mercury in artificial saliva extract of snuff products: impact on adult consumers. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Kojro G, Wroczyński P. Cloud Point Extraction in the Determination of Drugs in Biological Matrices. J Chromatogr Sci 2020; 58:151-162. [PMID: 31681960 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cloud point extraction (CPE) is a simple, safe and environment-friendly technique used in the preparation of various samples. It was primarily developed for the assessment of environmental samples, especially analyzed for metals. Recently, this technique has been used in the extraction and determination of various chemical compounds (e.g., drugs, pesticides and vitamins), in various matrices (e.g., human plasma, human serum, milk and urine). In this review, we show that CPE is a reliable method of extraction and can be used in analytical laboratories in combination with other techniques that can be used in the determination of drugs and other chemicals in the human biological matrix. According to the literature, a combination of different methods provides good recovery and can be used in the simultaneous determination of many drugs in a single analysis. CPE can be optimized by changing its conditions (e.g., type of surfactant used, incubation temperature, pH and the addition of salts). In this review, we present the optimized CPE methods used in the determination of various pharmaceuticals and describe how the conditions affect the performance of extraction. This data might support future designing of the new CPE applications that are simple and more accurate. We compared CPE with other extraction methods and also showed the advantages and disadvantages of various extraction techniques along with a discussion on their environmental impact. According to the publications reviewed, it is obvious that CPE is an easy, safe, rapid and inexpensive method of extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Kojro
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Wroczyński
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
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Gniazdowska E, Korytowska N, Kłudka G, Giebułtowicz J. Determination of Antidepressants in Human Plasma by Modified Cloud-Point Extraction Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E458. [PMID: 33322843 PMCID: PMC7764124 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cloud-point extraction (CPE) is rarely combined with liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in drug determination due to the matrix effect (ME). However, we have recently shown that ME is not a limiting factor in CPE. Low extraction efficiency may be improved by salt addition, but none of the salts used in CPE are suitable for LC-MS. It is the first time that the influences of a volatile salt-ammonium acetate (AA)-on the CPE extraction efficiency and ME have been studied. Our modification of CPE included also the use of ethanol instead of acetonitrile to reduce the sample viscosity and make the method more environmentally friendly. We developed and validated CPE-LC-MS for the simultaneous determination of 21 antidepressants in plasma that can be useful for clinical and forensic toxicology. The selected parameters included Triton X-114 concentration (1.5 and 6%, w/v), concentration of AA (0, 10, 20 and 30%, w/v), and pH (3.5, 6.8 and 10.2). The addition of 10% of AA increased recovery twice. For 20 and 30% (w/v) of AA, three phases were formed that prolonged the extraction process. The developed CPE method (6% Triton X-114, 10% AA, pH 10.2) was successfully validated through LC-MS/MS simultaneous determination of 21 antidepressants in human plasma. The linearity was in the range of 10-750 ng/mL (r2 > 0.990).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Gniazdowska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network, Industrial Chemistry Institute, 8 Rydygiera, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 61 Żwirki i Wigury, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Korytowska
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (N.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Grzegorz Kłudka
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (N.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Joanna Giebułtowicz
- Department of Bioanalysis and Drugs Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (N.K.); (G.K.)
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Santos AM, Silva TA, Vicentini FC, Fatibello-Filho O. Flow injection analysis system with electrochemical detection for the simultaneous determination of nanomolar levels of acetaminophen and codeine. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Luiz Fernando Oliveira Maia, Reis EL, Reis C, Gonçalves Reis CD, de Carvalho Damasceno OI, Teixeira dos Reis LG. Potentiometric Determination of Paracetamol in Pharmaceutical Formulations by the Analyte Pulse Perturbation Technique using Belousov–Zhabotinskii Oscillating chemical Reaction. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934819120074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Ghasemi E, Kaykhaii M. Application of Micro-cloud point extraction for spectrophotometric determination of Malachite green, Crystal violet and Rhodamine B in aqueous samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 164:93-97. [PMID: 27085294 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel, green, simple and fast method was developed for spectrophotometric determination of Malachite green, Crystal violet, and Rhodamine B in water samples based on Micro-cloud Point extraction (MCPE) at room temperature. This is the first report on the application of MCPE on dyes. In this method, to reach the cloud point at room temperature, the MCPE procedure was carried out in brine using Triton X-114 as a non-ionic surfactant. The factors influencing the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized condition, calibration curves were found to be linear in the concentration range of 0.06-0.60mg/L, 0.10-0.80mg/L, and 0.03-0.30mg/L with the enrichment factors of 29.26, 85.47 and 28.36, respectively for Malachite green, Crystal violet, and Rhodamine B. Limit of detections were between 2.2 and 5.1μg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ghasemi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 98135-674, Iran.
| | - Massoud Kaykhaii
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan 98135-674, Iran
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El-Kosasy AM, Abdel-Aziz O, Magdy N, El Zahar NM. Spectrophotometric and chemometric methods for determination of imipenem, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, paracetamol and cilastatin sodium in human urine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 157:26-33. [PMID: 26709018 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
New accurate, sensitive and selective spectrophotometric and chemometric methods were developed and subsequently validated for determination of Imipenem (IMP), ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIPRO), dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DEX), paracetamol (PAR) and cilastatin sodium (CIL) in human urine. These methods include a new derivative ratio method, namely extended derivative ratio (EDR), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least-squares (PLS) methods. A novel EDR method was developed for the determination of these drugs, where each component in the mixture was determined by using a mixture of the other four components as divisor. Peak amplitudes were recorded at 293.0 nm, 284.0 nm, 276.0 nm, 257.0 nm and 221.0 nm within linear concentration ranges 3.00-45.00, 1.00-15.00, 4.00-40.00, 1.50-25.00 and 4.00-50.00 μg mL(-1) for IMP, CIPRO, DEX, PAR and CIL, respectively. PCR and PLS-2 models were established for simultaneous determination of the studied drugs in the range of 3.00-15.00, 1.00-13.00, 4.00-12.00, 1.50-9.50, and 4.00-12.00 μg mL(-1) for IMP, CIPRO, DEX, PAR and CIL, respectively, by using eighteen mixtures as calibration set and seven mixtures as validation set. The suggested methods were validated according to the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines and the results revealed that they were accurate, precise and reproducible. The obtained results were statistically compared with those of the published methods and there was no significant difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M El-Kosasy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Omar Abdel-Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - N Magdy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - N M El Zahar
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.
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Mallah MA, Sherazi STH, Bhanger MI, Mahesar SA, Bajeer MA. A rapid Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic method for direct quantification of paracetamol content in solid pharmaceutical formulations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 141:64-70. [PMID: 25659814 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A transmission FTIR spectroscopic method was developed for direct, inexpensive and fast quantification of paracetamol content in solid pharmaceutical formulations. In this method paracetamol content is directly analyzed without solvent extraction. KBr pellets were formulated for the acquisition of FTIR spectra in transmission mode. Two chemometric models: simple Beer's law and partial least squares employed over the spectral region of 1800-1000 cm(-1) for quantification of paracetamol content had a regression coefficient of (R(2)) of 0.999. The limits of detection and quantification using FTIR spectroscopy were 0.005 mg g(-(1) and 0.018 mg g(-1), respectively. Study for interference was also done to check effect of the excipients. There was no significant interference from the sample matrix. The results obviously showed the sensitivity of transmission FTIR spectroscopic method for pharmaceutical analysis. This method is green in the sense that it does not require large volumes of hazardous solvents or long run times and avoids prior sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Mallah
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan.
| | | | - Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmed Mahesar
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf Bajeer
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan
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Validation thin layer chromatography for the determination of acetaminophen in tablets and comparison with a pharmacopeial method. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:545703. [PMID: 24063006 PMCID: PMC3766983 DOI: 10.1155/2013/545703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption thin layer chromatography (NP-TLC) with densitometry has been established for the identification and the quantification of acetaminophen in three leading commercial products of pharmaceutical tablets coded as brand: P1 (Product no. 1), P2 (Product no. 2), and P3 (Product no. 3). Applied chromatographic conditions have separated acetaminophen from its related substances, namely, 4-aminophenol and and 4′-chloroacetanilide. UV densitometry was performed in absorbance mode at 248 nm. The presented method was validated by specificity, range, linearity, accuracy, precision, detection limit, quantitative limit, and robustness. The TLC-densitometric method was also compared with a pharmacopeial UV-spectrophotometric method for the assay of acetaminophen, and the results confirmed statistically that the NP-TLC-densitometric method can be used as a substitute method. It could be said that the validated NP-TLC-densitometric method is suitable for the routine analysis of acetaminophen in quantity control laboratories.
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Madej K, Persona K, Nizio M. Application of micelle-mediated extraction in preparation of body fluids for HPLC-DAD screening of acidic and neutral drugs. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.25.2013.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Abstract
AbstractCloud-point extraction (CPE) with RP-HPLC/DAD detection was used to develop a screen for six model basic drugs (paracetamol, promazine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and chlorpromazine) in human plasma. These drugs’ varied hydrophobicities entail different affinities for the micelle-rich phase and CPE extraction efficiencies. Extraction recovery (except paracetamol) was above 80% and reproducibility (RSD%) ranged from 2.88 to 10.26 intraday and from 3.12 to 12.33 interday. The limits of detection were: 0.125 µg mL−1 (promazine and chlorpromazine), 0.25 µg mL−1 (amitriptyline and nortriptyline) and 0.5 µg mL−1 (paracetamol and clomipramine). The method was linear over the ranges: 0.125–1.0 µg mL−1 (promazine and chlorpromazine), 0.25–1.0 µg mL−1 (amitriptyline and nortriptyline), 0.5–1.0 µg mL−1 (clomipramine) and 0.5–10 µg mL−1 (paracetamol). The procedure is a good alternative to the SPE or LLE sample preparation usually used.
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CdS Loaded an Iranian Clinoptilolite as a Heterogeneous Catalyst in Photodegradation ofp-Aminophenol. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/541736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural clinoptilolite, zeolite CdS-incorporated was prepared by ion exchange and precipitation procedures and it was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and thermal methods. The prepared composite was used as a catalyst in the photodegradation process ofp-aminophenol in aqueous solution under UV irradiation. The effect of some key operating parameters such as catalyst dosage, temperature, the initial concentration of the pollutant, and initial pH of the solutions on the degradation process of the pollutant was studied. The primary objective was to determine the optimal conditions for each of the parameters. UV-vis spectrophotometric measurements were performed for the determination of degradation and mineralization extents. The optimal operation parameters were found as follows: pH 5, 17.5 mg·L−1of catalyst loading, and 10 ppm of dye concentration. The CdS particles out of zeolite framework do not show significant degradation efficiency. The degradation process obeyed first-order kinetics.
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Kumar Talluri MVN, Bairwa MK, Theja Dugga HH, Srinivas R. DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC AND ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS OF ANALYSIS FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF PARACETAMOL AND LORNOXICAM IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.597064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. V. N. Kumar Talluri
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research , Balanagar , Hyderabad , India
| | - Mukesh K. Bairwa
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research , Balanagar , Hyderabad , India
| | - H. H. Theja Dugga
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research , Balanagar , Hyderabad , India
| | - R. Srinivas
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research , Balanagar , Hyderabad , India
- b National Center for Mass Spectrometry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology , Tarnaka , Hyderabad , India
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Cloud point extraction and spectrophotometric determination of mercury species at trace levels in environmental samples. Talanta 2012; 88:516-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 10/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pandurangappa M, Kumar KS. Micellar mediated trace level quantification through the ring opening process. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2011; 3:715-723. [PMID: 32938096 DOI: 10.1039/c0ay00693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The micellar mediated trace level estimation of mercury in industrial effluent sample by the rhodamine B hydrazide spirolactam ring opening process is described. The catalytic reaction of mercuric ion with colorless rhodamine B hydrazide to form pink colored rhodamine B through amide bond cleavage at pH 5 forms the basis of this reaction. The dye obtained was extracted from the aqueous phase into non-ionic surfactant using Triton X-114 through cloud point formation and its absorbance was measured at 556 nm. The reaction conditions such as concentrations of rhodamine B hydrazide and Triton X-114, effect of NaCl concentration on cloud point temperature and the efficiency of extraction were optimized. The selectivity of the method towards mercury in the presence of various ions was studied. The validity of the method was examined by spiking real samples with known amounts of mercury and carrying out recovery studies. The results obtained by the proposed method were compared with the standard dithiazone method. The preconcentration and enrichment factors were found to be 5 and 12 respectively. The limit of detection and the linear range were found to be 1.4 ng ml-1 and 10-100 ng ml-1 respectively. The relative standard deviation was found to be 0.35% at 20 ng ml-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malingappa Pandurangappa
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College Campus, Dr Ambedkar Veedhi, Bangalore, 5600 01, India.
| | - Kempahanumakkagari Suresh Kumar
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Bangalore University, Central College Campus, Dr Ambedkar Veedhi, Bangalore, 5600 01, India.
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Total mercury determination in different tissues of broiler chicken by using cloud point extraction and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:65-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Madej K. Microwave-assisted and cloud-point extraction in determination of drugs and other bioactive compounds. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Yin XB. Dual-cloud point extraction as a preconcentration and clean-up technique for capillary electrophoresis speciation analysis of mercury. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1154:437-43. [PMID: 17442328 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2006] [Revised: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel dual-cloud point extraction (dCPE) technique is proposed in this paper for the sample pretreatment of capillary electrophoresis (CE) speciation analysis of mercury. In dCPE, cloud point was carried out twice in a sample pretreatment. First, four mercury species, methylmercury (MeHg), ethylmercury (EtHg), phenylmercury (PhHg), and inorganic mercury (Hg(II)) formed hydrophobic complexes with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN). After heating and centrifuging, the complexes were extracted into the formed Triton X-114 surfactant-rich phase. Instead of the direct injection or analysis, the surfactant-rich phase containing the four Hg species was treated with 150 microL 0.1% (m/v) l-cysteine aqueous solution. The four Hg species were then transferred back into aqueous phase by forming hydrophilic Hg-l-cysteine complexes. After dCPE, the aqueous phase containing the Hg-l-cysteine complexes was subjected into electrophoretic capillary for mercury speciation analysis. Because the concentration of Triton X-114 in the extract after dCPE was only around critical micelle concentration, the adsorption of surfactant on the capillary wall and its possible influence on the sample injection and separation in traditional CPE were eliminated. Plus, the hydrophobic interfering species were removed thoroughly by using dCPE resulted in significant improvement in analysis selectivity. Using 10 mL sample, 17, 15, 45, and 52 of preconcentration factors for EtHg, MeHg, PhHg, and Hg(II) were obtained. With CE separation and on-line UV detection, the detection limits were 45.2, 47.5, 4.1, and 10.0 microg L(-1) (as Hg) for EtHg, MeHg, PhHg, and Hg(II), respectively. As an analysis method, the present dCPE-CE with UV detection obtained similar detection limits as of some CE-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) hyphenation technique, but with simple instrumental setup and obviously low costs. Its utilization for Hg speciation was validated by the analysis of the spiked natural water and tilapia muscle samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bo Yin
- Research Center for Analytical Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Filik H, Tavman A. A new cloud-point preconcentration approach for the spectrophotometric determination of p-aminophenol in the presence of paracetamol with 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole as a coupling reagent. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934807060068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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