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Santra S, Sharapov AD, Fatykhov RF, Potapova AP, Khalymbadzha IA, Valieva MI, Kopchuk DS, Zyryanov GV, Bunev AS, Melekhin VV, Gaviko VS, Zonov AA. Xanthone-1,2,4-triazine and Acridone-1,2,4-triazine Conjugates: Synthesis and Anticancer Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030403. [PMID: 36986502 PMCID: PMC10058176 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 21 novel xanthone and acridone derivatives were synthesized using the reactions of 1,2,4-triazine derivatives with 1-hydroxy-3-methoxy-10-methylacridone, 1,3-dimethoxy-, and 1,3-dihydroxanthone, followed by optional dihydrotiazine ring aromatization. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity against colorectal cancer HCT116, glioblastoma A-172, breast cancer Hs578T, and human embryonic kidney HEK-293 tumor cell lines. Five compounds (7a, 7e, 9e, 14a, and 14b) displayed good in vitro antiproliferative activities against these cancer cell lines. Compounds 7a and 7e demonstrated low toxicity for normal human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells, which determines the possibility of further development of these compounds as anticancer agents. Annexin V assay demonstrated that compound 7e activates apoptotic mechanisms and inhibits proliferation in glioblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sougata Santra
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ainur D. Sharapov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Ramil F. Fatykhov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Anastasya P. Potapova
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Igor A. Khalymbadzha
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Maria I. Valieva
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry S. Kopchuk
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Bunev
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Belorusskaya 14, 445020 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Vsevolod V. Melekhin
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ural State Medical University, Repina 3, 620028 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Vasiliy S. Gaviko
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kovalevskoy Street 18, 620108 Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Andrey A. Zonov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Ural Federal University, Mira 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
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W. Gribble G, D. Mosher M, D. Jaycox G, Cory M, A. Fairley T. Potential DNA Bis-Intercalating Agents. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of N,N'-(Methylenedi-4,1-cyclohexanediyl-bis(9-acridinamine) Isomers. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Cholewiński G, Dzierzbicka K, Kołodziejczyk AM. Natural and synthetic acridines/acridones as antitumor agents: their biological activities and methods of synthesis. Pharmacol Rep 2011; 63:305-36. [PMID: 21602588 DOI: 10.1016/s1734-1140(11)70499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Acridine derivatives constitute a class of compounds that are being intensively studied as potential anticancer drugs. Acridines are well-known for their high cytotoxic activity; however, their clinical application is limited or even excluded because of side effects. Numerous synthetic methods are focused on the preparation of target acridine skeletons or modifications of naturally occurring compounds, such as acridone alkaloids, that exhibit promising anticancer activities. They have been examined in vitro and in vivo to test their importance for cancer treatment and to establish the mechanism of action at both the molecular and cellular level, which is necessary for the optimization of their properties so that they are suitable in chemotherapy. In this article, we review natural and synthetic acridine/acridone analogs, their application as anticancer drugs and methods for their preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Cholewiński
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, PL 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Do Q, Tian W, Yougnia R, Gaslonde T, Pfeiffer B, Pierré A, Léonce S, Kraus-Berthier L, David-Cordonnier MH, Depauw S, Lansiaux A, Mazinghien R, Koch M, Tillequin F, Michel S, Dufat H. Synthesis, cytotoxic activity, and DNA binding properties of antitumor cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydrobenzo[b]acronycine cinnamoyl esters. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:1918-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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