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Chemistry and Biological Activities of Naturally Occurring and Structurally Modified Podophyllotoxins. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010302. [PMID: 36615496 PMCID: PMC9822336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants containing podophyllotoxin and its analogues have been used as folk medicines for centuries. The characteristic chemical structures and strong biological activities of this class of compounds attracted attention worldwide. Currently, more than ninety natural podophyllotoxins were isolated, and structure modifications of these molecules were performed to afford a variety of derivatives, which offered optimized anti-tumor activity. This review summarized up to date reports on natural occurring podophyllotoxins and their sources, structural modification and biological activities. Special attention was paid to both structural modification and optimized antitumor activity. It was noteworthy that etoposide, a derivative of podophyllotoxin, could prevent cytokine storm caused by the recent SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.
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Kaur R, Singh D, Singh RP. Stereoselective Synthesis of Dihydrocoumarins via [1,2]-Phospha-Brook Rearrangement in Three-Component Coupling Reaction of α-Ketoesters, o-Quinone Methides, and Dialkyl Phosphites. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15702-15711. [PMID: 34637300 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A highly regio- and diastereoselective approach for the synthesis of phosphate substituted dihydrocoumarins via Brønsted base catalyzed [1,2]-phospha-Brook rearrangement is reported. The two-step, one-pot Michael addition of α-phosphonyloxy enolates proceeds by coupling of dialkyl phosphite and α-ketoesters to o-quinone methides, followed by an intramolecular cyclization, providing 3,4-dihydrocoumarin frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dipak Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ravi P Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Brahmachari G. Catalyst‐ and Additive‐Free Decarboxylative C‐4 Phosphorylation of Coumarin‐3‐Carboxylic Acids at Ambient Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Brahmachari
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Organic Synthesis Department of Chemistry Visva-Bharati (A Central University) Santiniketan 731 235 West Bengal India
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Jeong YH, Jeong GH, Jeong YH, Kim TH. Identification of sesamol byproducts produced by plasma treatment with inhibition of advanced glycation endproducts formation and ONOO− scavenging activities. Food Chem 2020; 314:126196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Zhang XZ, Gan KJ, Liu XX, Deng YH, Wang FX, Yu KY, Zhang J, Fan CA. Enantioselective Synthesis of Functionalized 4-Aryl Hydrocoumarins and 4-Aryl Hydroquinolin-2-ones via Intramolecular Vinylogous Rauhut-Currier Reaction of para-Quinone Methides. Org Lett 2017; 19:3207-3210. [PMID: 28581760 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy for the asymmetric construction of functionalized 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrocoumarins and 4-aryl-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2-ones via an intramolecular vinylogous Rauhut-Currier reaction of para-quinone methides (p-QMs) under the bifunctional catalysis of chiral amine-phosphine is described. This intramolecular mode for the catalytic enantioselective 1,6-conjugate addition of p-QMs has been explored for the first time, delivering two types of synthetically important heterocycles in high yields and enantioselectivites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kang-Ji Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yu-Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ke-Yin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-An Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300071, China
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Chandrasekhar DB, Tsay SC, Pradhan TK, Hwu JR. Syntheses of Chroman-2-ones and α-Amino Acids through a Diastereoselective Domino Reaction. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5524-5537. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Balaji Chandrasekhar
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental & Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shwu-Chen Tsay
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental & Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Tapan K. Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental & Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jih Ru Hwu
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental & Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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A general and practical Lewis acids-catalyzed aryl formates synthesis. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mieriņa I, Jure M, Stikute A. Synthetic approaches to 4-(het)aryl-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-ones. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-016-1920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Pettit GR, Searcy JD, Tan R, Cragg GM, Melody N, Knight JC, Chapuis JC. Antineoplastic Agents. 585. Isolation of Bridelia ferruginea Anticancer Podophyllotoxins and Synthesis of 4-Aza-podophyllotoxin Structural Modifications. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:507-518. [PMID: 26938998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic constituents of the terrestrial plant Bridelia ferruginea were isolated using bioactivity-guided fractionation, which revealed the presence of the previously known deoxypodophyllotoxin (1), isopicrodeoxypodophyllotoxin (2), β-peltatin (3), β-peltatin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3a), and the indole neoechinulin (4). As an extension of previous podophyllotoxin research, SAR studies were undertaken focused on 4-aza-podophyllotoxin structural modifications. A number of such derivatives were synthesized following modifications to the A and E rings. Such structural modifications with alkyl and 4-fluorobenzyl substituents at the 4-aza position provided the most potent cancer cell growth inhibitory activity (GI50 0.1 to <0.03 μg/mL) against a panel of six human cancer cell lines and one murine cancer cell line. Several compounds corresponding to 4'-demethylated modifications were also synthesized and found to be significantly less potent.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R Pettit
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Justin D Searcy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Rui Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Gordon M Cragg
- Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute , P.O. Box B, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, United States
| | - Noeleen Melody
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - John C Knight
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| | - Jean-Charles Chapuis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
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Semenov VV, Semenova MN. Polyalkoxyflavonoids as inhibitors of cell division. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kamat DP, Tilve SG, Kamat VP, Kirtany JK. Syntheses and Biological Activities of Chroman-2-ones. A Review. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2015.983805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Synthesis and Antiradical Properties of 4-Aryl-3,4-Dihydroquinolin-2-(1H)-Ones, Aza Analogs of Neoflavonoids. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-014-1574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tsyganov DV, Chernysheva NB, Salamandra LK, Konyushkin LD, Atamanenko OP, Semenova MN, Semenov VV. Synthesis of Polyalkoxy-3-(4-Methoxyphenyl)Coumarins with Antimitotic Activity from Plant Allylpolyalkoxybenzenes. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Luqman S, Meena A, Singh P, Kondratyuk TP, Marler LE, Pezzuto JM, Negi AS. Neoflavonoids and tetrahydroquinolones as possible cancer chemopreventive agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2012; 80:616-24. [PMID: 22726671 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2012.01439.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several lactone- and lactam-based neoflavonoids and tetrahydroquinolones were synthesized and evaluated for cancer chemopreventive studies using cell and molecular target-based in vitro bioassays, namely NFκB, aromatase, and quinone reductase 1. These analogs blocked TNF-α-induced NFκB activation in a dose-dependent manner with IC₅₀ values in the range of 0.11-3.2 μM. In addition, compound 8 inhibited aromatase activity with an IC₅₀ value of 12.12 μM, and compound 10 affected quinone reductase 1 induction (IR, 3.6; CD, 19.57 μM). Neoflavonoids 8 and 10 exhibiting good results can further be optimized for improved therapeutic profiles. However, investigations into the actions of neoflavonoids and tetrahydroquinolones, especially those related to the NFκB signaling pathway, aromatase inhibition, induction of quinone reductase 1 expression, and in vivo studies could provide new insights into the cancer chemopreventive ability of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaib Luqman
- Molecular Bioprospection Department, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-CSIR-CIMAP, Kukrail Picnic Spot Road, Lucknow 226015, India
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