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Kwon YD, Oh JM, Chun S, Kim HK. Synthesis and evaluation of multivalent nitroimidazole-based near-infrared fluorescent agents for neuroblastoma and colon cancer imaging. Bioorg Chem 2021; 113:104990. [PMID: 34051414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is one of key characteristics of microenvironments of solid tumors, and evaluation of hypoxia status in solid tumors is important to determine cancer stage and appropriate treatment. In the present study, novel, multivalent, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging agents were developed to measure tumor hypoxia. These agents were synthesized using an amino acid as a backbone to connect mono-, bis-, or tris-2-nitroimidazole as a hypoxia-sensitive moiety to enhance uptake by the tumor and to attach sulfo-Cyanine 5.5 as an NIR fluorophore to visualize tumor accumulation. Studies of physical characteristics demonstrated that the novel NIR imaging agents showed suitable optical properties for in vitro and in vivo imaging and were stable in serum. In vitro cellular uptake studies in SK-N-BE(2) and SW620 cell lines demonstrated that NIR imaging agents bearing 2-nitroimidazole structures showed significantly higher tumor uptake in hypoxic cells than in normoxic cells. Moreover, in vivo optical imaging studies using SK-N-BE(2) and SW620 xenografted mice demonstrated that novel, multivalent, 2-nitroimadazole NIR imaging agents with two or three 2-nitroimidazole moieties showed higher uptake in tumor than the control agents with only one 2-nitroimidazole. These observations suggest that novel, multivalent, NIR agents could serve as potential optical imaging agents for evaluating tumor hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Do Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Oh
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkun Chun
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20 Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Atkinson KM, Morsby JJ, Kommidi SSR, Smith BD. Generalizable synthesis of bioresponsive near-infrared fluorescent probes: sulfonated heptamethine cyanine prototype for imaging cell hypoxia. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4100-4106. [PMID: 33978049 PMCID: PMC8121178 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00426c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Continued advancement in bioresponsive fluorescence imaging requires new classes of activatable fluorescent probes that emit near-infrared fluorescence with wavelengths above 740 nm. Heptamethine cyanine dyes (Cy7) have suitable fluorescence properties but it is challenging to create activatable probes because Cy7 dyes have a propensity for self-aggregation and fluorescence quenching. A new synthetic strategy is employed to create a generalizable class of hydrophilic bioresponsive near-infrared fluorescent probes with appended sulfonates that provide excellent physiochemical properties. A prototype version is triggered by nitroreductase enzyme to undergo self-immolative cleavage with a large enhancement in fluorescence signal at 780 nm and the probe enables microscopic imaging of cell hypoxia with "turn on" fluorescence. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging of hypoxia is potentially useful in many different areas of biomedical research and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk M Atkinson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Janeala J Morsby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Sai Shradha Reddy Kommidi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Bradley D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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3
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Sun C, Du W, Wang B, Dong B, Wang B. Research progress of near-infrared fluorescence probes based on indole heptamethine cyanine dyes in vivo and in vitro. BMC Chem 2020; 14:21. [PMID: 32259133 PMCID: PMC7106836 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is a noninvasive technique that provides numerous advantages for the real-time in vivo monitoring of biological information in living subjects without the use of ionizing radiation. Near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) dyes are widely used as fluorescent imaging probes. These fluorescent dyes remarkably decrease the interference caused by the self-absorption of substances and autofluorescence, increase detection selectivity and sensitivity, and reduce damage to the human body. Thus, they are beneficial for bioassays. Indole heptamethine cyanine dyes are widely investigated in the field of near-infrared fluorescence imaging. They are mainly composed of indole heterocyclics, heptamethine chains, and N-substituent side chains. With indole heptamethine cyanine dyes as the parent, introducing reactive groups to the parent compounds or changing their structures can make fluorescent probes have different functions like labeling protein and tumor, detecting intracellular metal cations, which has become the hotspot in the field of fluorescence imaging of biological research. Therefore, this study reviewed the applications of indole heptamethine cyanine fluorescent probes to metal cation detection, pH, molecules, tumor imaging, and protein in vivo. The distribution, imaging results, and metabolism of the probes in vivo and in vitro were described. The biological application trends and existing problems of fluorescent probes were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlong Sun
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering & Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603 China
| | - Wen Du
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering & Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603 China
| | - Baoqin Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering & Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603 China
| | - Bin Dong
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering & Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603 China
| | - Baogui Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering & Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta & Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Wild Plant Resources Development and Application of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, 256603 China
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4
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Recent progress in the design principles, sensing mechanisms, and applications of small-molecule probes for nitroreductases. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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5
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Kwon YD, Lee JY, La MT, Lee SJ, Lee SH, Park JH, Kim HK. Novel multifunctional 18F-labelled PET tracer with prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeting and hypoxia-sensitive moieties. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112099. [PMID: 32014792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently found cancers in men worldwide. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is typically highly expressed in prostate cancer, and the Glu-Urea-Lys (GUL) structure has recently received considerable attention as a key unit of PSMA-targeting agents. Additionally, one of the common characteristics of many solid tumors, such as prostate cancer, is hypoxia. In this study, novel multifunctional PSMA inhibitors containing a PSMA-targeting moiety either with or without a hypoxia-sensitive moiety (18F-PEG3-ADIBOT-2NI-GUL and 18F-PEG3-ADIBOT-GUL, respectively; ADIBOT: azadibenzocyclooctatriazole, 2NI: 2-nitroimidazole) were designed and synthesized, and their feasibility as PET tracers for prostate cancer imaging studies was examined. The compounds labelled with 18F via the copper-free click reaction were stable in human serum and showed nanomolar binding affinities in in vitro PSMA binding assays. Micro-PET and biodistribution studies indicate that both 18F-labelled inhibitors successfully accumulated in prostate cancer regions, and 18F-PEG3-ADIBOT-2NI-GUL showed a 2-fold higher tumor-to-total non-target organ ratio than that of 18F-PEG3-ADIBOT-GUL, suggesting that the synergistic effects of the PSMA-targeting GUL moiety and the hypoxia-sensitive 2-nitroimidazole moiety can increase tumor uptake of the novel PET tracers in prostate cancer. These findings suggest that this novel multifunctional PET tracer with an 18F-labelled PSMA inhibitor and a 2-nitroimidazole moiety is a potent candidate to provide better diagnosis of prostate cancer via PET imaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Do Kwon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Lee
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Thanh La
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Joo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hoon Park
- Radiation Instrumentation Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging & Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
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Nagasawa H, Okuda K, G. M. Youssif B, Sakai R, Ueno T, Sakai T, Kadonosono T, Okabe Y, I. Abdel Razek Salem O, M. Hayallah A, A. Hussein M, Kizaka-Kondoh S. Development of Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes with Large Stokes Shifts for Non-Invasive Imaging of Tumor Hypoxia. HETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.3987/com-19-s(f)47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Leite DI, Fontes FDV, Bastos MM, Hoelz LVB, Bianco MDCAD, de Oliveira AP, da Silva PB, da Silva CF, Batista DDGJ, da Gama ANS, Peres RB, Villar JDF, Soeiro MDNC, Boechat N. New 1,2,3-triazole-based analogues of benznidazole for use against Trypanosoma cruzi infection: In vitro and in vivo evaluations. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1670-1682. [PMID: 29745048 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease has spread throughout the world mainly because of the migration of infected individuals. In Brazil, only benznidazole (Bnz) is used; however, it is toxic and not active in the chronic phase, and cases of resistance are described. This work aimed at the synthesis and the trypanocidal evaluation in vitro and in vivo of six new Bnz analogues (3-8). They were designed by exploring the bioisosteric substitution between the amide group contained in Bnz and the 1,2,3-triazole ring. All the compounds were synthesized in good yields. With the exception of compound 7, the in vitro biological evaluation shows that all Bnz analogues were active against the amastigote form, whereas only compounds 3, 4, 5, and 8 were active against trypomastigote. Compounds 4 and 5 showed the most promising activities in vitro against the form of trypomastigote, being more active than Bnz. In vivo evaluation of compounds, 3-8 showed lower potency and higher toxicity than Bnz. Although the 1,2,3-triazole ring has been described in the literature as an amide bioisostere, its substitution here has reduced the activity of the compounds and made them more toxic. Thus, further molecular optimization could provide novel therapeutic agents for Chagas' disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Inácio Leite
- Departamento de Sintese de Farmacos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos, Farmanguinhos - Fiocruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pos-Graduação em Farmacologia e Quimica Medicinal do Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas - ICB- UFRJ, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - CCS, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Fábio de Vasconcellos Fontes
- Departamento de Sintese de Farmacos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos, Farmanguinhos - Fiocruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Praça General Tiburcio, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Monica Macedo Bastos
- Departamento de Sintese de Farmacos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos, Farmanguinhos - Fiocruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pos-Graduação em Farmacologia e Quimica Medicinal do Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas - ICB- UFRJ, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - CCS, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Lucas Villas Boas Hoelz
- Departamento de Sintese de Farmacos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos, Farmanguinhos - Fiocruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria da Conceição Avelino Dias Bianco
- Departamento de Sintese de Farmacos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos, Farmanguinhos - Fiocruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pos-Graduação em Farmacologia e Quimica Medicinal do Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas - ICB- UFRJ, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - CCS, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Andressa Paula de Oliveira
- Departamento de Sintese de Farmacos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos, Farmanguinhos - Fiocruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pos-Graduação em Farmacologia e Quimica Medicinal do Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas - ICB- UFRJ, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - CCS, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.,PROBIN - Abeu - Centro Universitario UNIABEU, Belford Roxo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Cristiane França da Silva
- Laboratorio de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise da Gama Jean Batista
- Laboratorio de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Raiza Brandão Peres
- Laboratorio de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Daniel Figueroa Villar
- Departamento de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Praça General Tiburcio, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | | | - Nubia Boechat
- Departamento de Sintese de Farmacos, Instituto de Tecnologia em Farmacos, Farmanguinhos - Fiocruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pos-Graduação em Farmacologia e Quimica Medicinal do Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas - ICB- UFRJ, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - CCS, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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8
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Tseng JC, Narayanan N, Ho G, Groves K, Delaney J, Bao B, Zhang J, Morin J, Kossodo S, Rajopadhye M, Peterson JD. Fluorescence imaging of bombesin and transferrin receptor expression is comparable to 18F-FDG PET in early detection of sorafenib-induced changes in tumor metabolism. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182689. [PMID: 28792505 PMCID: PMC5549732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical measurement of tumor volume reduction is the most commonly used approach to assess tumor progression and treatment efficacy in mouse tumor models. However, it is relatively insensitive, and often requires long treatment courses to achieve gross physical tumor destruction. As alternatives, several non-invasive imaging methods such as bioluminescence imaging (BLI), fluorescence imaging (FLI) and positron emission tomography (PET) have been developed for more accurate measurement. As tumors have elevated glucose metabolism, 18F-fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) has become a sensitive PET imaging tracer for cancer detection, diagnosis, and efficacy assessment by measuring alterations in glucose metabolism. In particular, the ability of 18F-FDG imaging to detect drug-induced effects on tumor metabolism at a very early phase has dramatically improved the speed of decision-making regarding treatment efficacy. Here we demonstrated an approach with FLI that offers not only comparable performance to PET imaging, but also provides additional benefits, including ease of use, imaging throughput, probe stability, and the potential for multiplex imaging. In this report, we used sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor clinically approved for cancer therapy, for treatment of a mouse tumor xenograft model. The drug is known to block several key signaling pathways involved in tumor metabolism. We first identified an appropriate sorafenib dose, 40 mg/kg (daily on days 0-4 and 7-10), that retained ultimate therapeutic efficacy yet provided a 2-3 day window post-treatment for imaging early, subtle metabolic changes prior to gross tumor regression. We then used 18F-FDG PET as the gold standard for assessing the effects of sorafenib treatment on tumor metabolism and compared this to results obtained by measurement of tumor size, tumor BLI, and tumor FLI changes. PET imaging showed ~55-60% inhibition of tumor uptake of 18F-FDG as early as days 2 and 3 post-treatment, without noticeable changes in tumor size. For comparison, two FLI probes, BombesinRSense™ 680 (BRS-680) and Transferrin-Vivo™ 750 (TfV-750), were assessed for their potential in metabolic imaging. Metabolically active cancer cells are known to have elevated bombesin and transferrin receptor levels on the surface. In excellent agreement with PET imaging, the BRS-680 imaging showed 40% and 79% inhibition on days 2 and 3, respectively, and the TfV-750 imaging showed 65% inhibition on day 3. In both cases, no significant reduction in tumor volume or BLI signal was observed during the first 3 days of treatment. These results suggest that metabolic FLI has potential preclinical application as an additional method for detecting drug-induced metabolic changes in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Chieh Tseng
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Nara Narayanan
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Guojie Ho
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kevin Groves
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeannine Delaney
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bagna Bao
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jun Zhang
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Morin
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sylvie Kossodo
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Milind Rajopadhye
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey D. Peterson
- Discovery & Analytical Solutions R&D, PerkinElmer Inc., Hopkinton, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Fukuda S, Okuda K, Kishino G, Hoshi S, Kawano I, Fukuda M, Yamashita T, Beheregaray S, Nagano M, Ohneda O, Nagasawa H, Oshika T. In vivo retinal and choroidal hypoxia imaging using a novel activatable hypoxia-selective near-infrared fluorescent probe. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2016; 254:2373-2385. [PMID: 27572140 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-016-3476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinal hypoxia plays a crucial role in ocular neovascular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal vascular occlusion. Fluorescein angiography is useful for identifying the hypoxia extent by detecting non-perfusion areas or neovascularization, but its ability to detect early stages of hypoxia is limited. Recently, in vivo fluorescent probes for detecting hypoxia have been developed; however, these have not been extensively applied in ophthalmology. We evaluated whether a novel donor-excited photo-induced electron transfer (d-PeT) system based on an activatable hypoxia-selective near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probe (GPU-327) responds to both mild and severe hypoxia in various ocular ischemic diseases animal models. METHODS The ocular fundus examination offers unique opportunities for direct observation of the retina through the transparent cornea and lens. After injection of GPU-327 in various ocular hypoxic diseases of mouse and rabbit models, NIRF imaging in the ocular fundus can be performed noninvasively and easily by using commercially available fundus cameras. To investigate the safety of GPU-327, electroretinograms were also recorded after GPU-327 and PBS injection. RESULT Fluorescence of GPU-327 increased under mild hypoxic conditions in vitro. GPU-327 also yielded excellent signal-to-noise ratio without washing out in vivo experiments. By using near-infrared region, GPU-327 enables imaging of deeper ischemia, such as choroidal circulation. Additionally, from an electroretinogram, GPU-327 did not cause neurotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS GPU-327 identified hypoxic area both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Fukuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kensuke Okuda
- Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Genichiro Kishino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sujin Hoshi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kawano
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukuda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Yamashita
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Simone Beheregaray
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masumi Nagano
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Osamu Ohneda
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideko Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Oshika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Sun W, Guo S, Hu C, Fan J, Peng X. Recent Development of Chemosensors Based on Cyanine Platforms. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7768-817. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 657] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
| | - Shigang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
| | - Chong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
| | - Jiangli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, 116024 Dalian, China
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11
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Elmes RBP. Bioreductive fluorescent imaging agents: applications to tumour hypoxia. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:8935-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01037g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of new optical chemosensors for various reductases presents an ideal approach to visualise areas of tissue hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B. P. Elmes
- Department of Chemistry
- Maynooth University
- National University of Ireland
- Maynooth
- Ireland
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12
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Chevalier A, Piao W, Hanaoka K, Nagano T, Renard PY, Romieu A. Azobenzene-caged sulforhodamine dyes: a novel class of 'turn-on' reactive probes for hypoxic tumor cell imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2015; 3:044004. [PMID: 29148517 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/3/4/044004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
New sulforhodamine-based fluorescent 'turn-on' probes have been developed for the direct imaging of cellular hypoxia. Rapid access to this novel class of water-soluble 'azobenzene-caged' fluorophores was made possible through an easily-implementable azo-coupling reaction between a fluorescent primary arylamine derived from a sulforhodamine 101 scaffold (named SR101-NaphtNH 2 ) and a tertiary aniline whose N-substituents are neutral, cationic, or zwitterionic. The detection mechanism is based on the bioreductive cleavage of the azo bond that restores strong far-red fluorescence (emission maximum at 625 nm) by regenerating the original sulforhodamine SR101-NaphtNH 2 . This valuable fluorogenic response was obtained for the three 'smart' probes studied in this work, as shown by an in vitro assay using rat liver microsomes placed under aerobic and then under hypoxic conditions. Most importantly, the probe namely SR101-NaphtNH 2 -Hyp-diMe was successfully applied for imaging the hypoxic status of tumor cells (A549 cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Chevalier
- Normandie Université, COBRA UMR 6014 & FR 3038; Univ. Rouen; INSA Rouen; CNRS, IRCOF, 1, Rue Tesnières, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France
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Cai Q, Yu T, Zhu W, Xu Y, Qian X. A turn-on fluorescent probe for tumor hypoxia imaging in living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14739-41. [PMID: 26295073 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05518k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel "turn-on" fluorescent probe HP for hypoxia imaging was designed and synthesized based on rhodamine B and a naphthalimide fluorophore. The fluorescence of HP is very weak owing to the FRET effect from rhodamine B to the azo-naphthalimide unit. Under hypoxia conditions, the azo-bond is reduced and the fluorescence at 581 nm enhances dramatically as a result of disintegration of the quencher structure. Verified by the cyclic voltammetry reduction potential and proposed product HPN, the probe HP could undergo the chemical and cytochrome P450 enzymatic reduction quickly. When cultured with HeLa cells, HP showed remarkable fluorescence differences at various oxygen concentrations, and the ratio of fluorescence intensity between hypoxic and normoxic cells could reach 9 fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Cai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
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Xi L, Jiang H. Image-guided surgery using multimodality strategy and molecular probes. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 8:46-60. [PMID: 26053199 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of cancer surgery is to maximize the excision of tumorous tissue with minimal damage to the collateral normal tissues, reduce the postoperative recurrence, and improve the survival rate of patients. In order to locate tumor lesions, highlight tumor margins, visualize residual disease in the surgical wound, and map potential lymph node metastasis, various imaging techniques and molecular probes have been investigated to assist surgeons to perform more complete tumor resection. Combining imaging techniques with molecular probes is particularly promising as a new approach for image-guided surgery. Considering inherent limitations of different imaging techniques and insufficient sensitivity of nonspecific molecular probes, image-guided surgery with multimodality strategy and specific molecular probes appears to be an optimal choice. In this article, we briefly describe typical imaging techniques and molecular probes followed by a focused review on the current progress of multimodal image-guided surgery with specific molecular navigation. We also discuss optimal strategy that covers all stages of image-guided surgery including preoperative scanning of tumors, intraoperative inspection of surgical bed and postoperative care of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xi
- School of Physical Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hubei Jiang
- School of Physical Electronics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Bu L, Shen B, Cheng Z. Fluorescent imaging of cancerous tissues for targeted surgery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 76:21-38. [PMID: 25064553 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To maximize tumor excision and minimize collateral damage are the primary goals of cancer surgery. Emerging molecular imaging techniques have made "image-guided surgery" developed into "molecular imaging-guided surgery", which is termed as "targeted surgery" in this review. Consequently, the precision of surgery can be advanced from tissue-scale to molecule-scale, enabling "targeted surgery" to be a component of "targeted therapy". Evidence from numerous experimental and clinical studies has demonstrated significant benefits of fluorescent imaging in targeted surgery with preoperative molecular diagnostic screening. Fluorescent imaging can help to improve intraoperative staging and enable more radical cytoreduction, detect obscure tumor lesions in special organs, highlight tumor margins, better map lymph node metastases, and identify important normal structures intraoperatively. Though limited tissue penetration of fluorescent imaging and tumor heterogeneity are two major hurdles for current targeted surgery, multimodality imaging and multiplex imaging may provide potential solutions to overcome these issues, respectively. Moreover, though many fluorescent imaging techniques and probes have been investigated, targeted surgery remains at a proof-of-principle stage. The impact of fluorescent imaging on cancer surgery will likely be realized through persistent interdisciplinary amalgamation of research in diverse fields.
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A multifunctional heptamethine near-infrared dye for cancer theranosis. Biomaterials 2013; 34:2244-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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