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Park JG, Lim DC, Park JH, Park S, Mok J, Kang KW, Park J. Benzbromarone Induces Targeted Degradation of HSP47 Protein and Improves Hypertrophic Scar Formation. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:633-644. [PMID: 37838329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of collagen in the extracellular matrix, leading to the functional impairment of various organs. In the skin, excessive collagen deposition manifests as hypertrophic scars and keloids, placing a substantial burden on patients and the healthcare system worldwide. HSP47 is essential for proper collagen assembly and contributes to fibrosis. However, identifying clinically applicable HSP47 inhibitors has been a major pharmaceutical challenge. In this study, we identified benzbromarone (BBR) as an HSP47 inhibitor for hypertrophic scarring treatment. BBR inhibited collagen production and secretion in fibroblasts from patients with keloid by binding to HSP47 and inhibiting the interaction between HSP47 and collagen. Interestingly, BBR not only inhibits HSP47 but also acts as a molecular glue degrader that promotes its proteasome-dependent degradation. Through these molecular mechanisms, BBR effectively reduced hypertrophic scarring in mini pigs and rats with burns and/or excisional skin damage. Thus, these findings suggest that BBR can be used to clinically treat hypertrophic scars and, more generally, fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Gyu Park
- Innovo Therapeutics, Daejeon, Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jeong Hwan Park
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, PyeongChang, Korea; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
| | - Seoah Park
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, PyeongChang, Korea; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
| | - Jongsoo Mok
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, PyeongChang, Korea; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Joonghoon Park
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, PyeongChang, Korea; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Korea.
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Sakamoto N, Okuno D, Tokito T, Yura H, Kido T, Ishimoto H, Tanaka Y, Mukae H. HSP47: A Therapeutic Target in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2387. [PMID: 37760828 PMCID: PMC10525413 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease characterized by a progressive decline in lung function and poor prognosis. The deposition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by myofibroblasts contributes to the stiffening of lung tissue and impaired oxygen exchange in IPF. Type I collagen is the major ECM component and predominant collagen protein deposited in chronic fibrosis, suggesting that type I collagen could be a target of drugs for fibrosis treatment. Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47), encoded by the serpin peptidase inhibitor clade H, member 1 gene, is a stress-inducible collagen-binding protein. It is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident molecular chaperone essential for the correct folding of procollagen. HSP47 expression is increased in cellular and animal models of pulmonary fibrosis and correlates with pathological manifestations in human interstitial lung diseases. Various factors affect HSP47 expression directly or indirectly in pulmonary fibrosis models. Overall, understanding the relationship between HSP47 expression and pulmonary fibrosis may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriho Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takatomo Tokito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Yura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Kido
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Tanaka
- Center for Medical Innovation, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mukae
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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Cai H, Sasikumar P, Little G, Bihan D, Hamaia SW, Zhou A, Gibbins JM, Farndale RW. Identification of HSP47 Binding Site on Native Collagen and Its Implications for the Development of HSP47 Inhibitors. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070983. [PMID: 34356607 PMCID: PMC8301893 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
HSP47 (heat shock protein 47) is a collagen-specific molecular chaperone that is essential for procollagen folding and function. Previous studies have shown that HSP47 binding requires a critical Arg residue at the Y position of the (Gly-Xaa-Yaa) repeats of collagen; however, the exact binding sites of HSP47 on native collagens are not fully defined. To address this, we mapped the HSP47 binding sites on collagens through an ELISA binding assay using collagen toolkits, synthetic collagen peptides covering the entire amino acid sequences of collagen types II and III assembled in triple-helical conformation. Our results showed that HSP47 binds to only a few of the GXR motifs in collagen, with most of the HSP47 binding sites identified located near the N-terminal part of the triple-helical region. Molecular modelling and binding energy calculation indicated that residues flanking the key Arg in the collagen sequence also play an important role in defining the high-affinity HSP47 binding site of collagen. Based on this binding mode of HSP47 to collagen, virtual screening targeting both the Arg binding site and its neighboring area on the HSP47 surface, and a subsequent bioassay, we identified two novel compounds with blocking activity towards HSP47 binding of collagen. Overall, our study revealed the native HSP47 binding sites on collagen and provided novel information for the design of small-molecule inhibitors of HSP47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (H.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Parvathy Sasikumar
- Institute for Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Health and Life Sciences Building, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EX, UK; (P.S.); (G.L.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Gemma Little
- Institute for Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Health and Life Sciences Building, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EX, UK; (P.S.); (G.L.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Dominique Bihan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK; (D.B.); (S.W.H.)
| | - Samir W. Hamaia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK; (D.B.); (S.W.H.)
| | - Aiwu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Pathophysiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (H.C.); (A.Z.)
| | - Jonathan M. Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Health and Life Sciences Building, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EX, UK; (P.S.); (G.L.); (J.M.G.)
| | - Richard W. Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK; (D.B.); (S.W.H.)
- CambCol Laboratories Ltd., Ely CB6 1RS, UK
- Correspondence:
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Bellaye PS, Burgy O, Bonniaud P, Kolb M. HSP47: a potential target for fibrotic diseases and implications for therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2021; 25:49-62. [PMID: 33287600 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2021.1861249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic fibrotic disorders are challenging clinical problems. The major challenge is the identification of specific targets expressed selectively in fibrotic tissues. Collagen accumulation is the hallmark fibrosis. HSP47 is a collagen-specific chaperon with critical role in collagen folding. This review discusses the anti-fibrotic potential of HSP47. Areas covered: This review compiles data retrieved from the PubMed database with keywords 'HSP47+fibrosis' from 01/2005 to 06/2020. We examined 1) collagen biology and its role in fibrotic diseases, 2) HSP47 role in fibrosis, 3) HSP47 inhibition strategies and 4) clinical investigations. The identification of the HSP47-collagen binding site led to the development of methods to screen HSP47 inhibitors with anti-fibrotic potential. Specific in vivo delivery systems of HSP47 siRNA to fibrotic tissue reduced collagen production/secretion associated with fibrosis inhibition in preclinical models. This strategy is about to be tested in clinical trials. Expert opinion: As a collagen-specific chaperon, HSP47 is a promising therapeutic target in fibrosis. Preclinical models have shown encouraging anti-fibrotic results. Anti-HSP47 strategies need to be further evaluated in clinical trials. The increase in circulating-HSP47 in lung fibrosis patients highlights the potential of HSP47 as a noninvasive biomarker and may represent an important step toward personalized medicine in fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Simon Bellaye
- Centre George-Franrçois Leclerc, Nuclear Medicine department, Plateforme d'imagerie et de radiothérapie préclinique, 1 rue du professeur Marion, Dijon, France.,Centre de Référence Constitutif des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares de l'Adultes de Dijon, Réseau OrphaLung, Filère RespiFil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bourgogne , Dijon,France
| | - Olivier Burgy
- Centre de Référence Constitutif des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares de l'Adultes de Dijon, Réseau OrphaLung, Filère RespiFil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bourgogne , Dijon,France.,INSERM U1231 Department HSP-pathies 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc ,Dijon France
| | - Philippe Bonniaud
- Centre de Référence Constitutif des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares de l'Adultes de Dijon, Réseau OrphaLung, Filère RespiFil, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bourgogne , Dijon,France
| | - Martin Kolb
- McMaster University, Department of medicine, FIRH, 50 Charlton Avenue East, Hamilton , Ontario, Canada
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Kellici TF, Pilka ES, Bodkin MJ. Small-molecule modulators of serine protease inhibitor proteins (serpins). Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:442-454. [PMID: 33259801 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Serine protease inhibitors (serpins) are a large family of proteins that regulate and control crucial physiological processes, such as inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis and thrombolysis, and immune responses. The extraordinary impact that these proteins have on numerous crucial pathways makes them an attractive target for drug discovery. In this review, we discuss recent advances in research on small-molecule modulators of serpins, examine their mode of action, analyse the structural data from crystallised protein-ligand complexes, and highlight the potential obstacles and possible therapeutic perspectives. The application of in silico methods for rational drug discovery is also summarised. In addition, we stress the need for continued research in this field.
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Ito S, Saito M, Yoshida M, Takeuchi K, Doi T, Nagata K. A BRET-based assay reveals collagen-Hsp47 interaction dynamics in the endoplasmic reticulum and small-molecule inhibition of this interaction. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15962-15972. [PMID: 31492754 PMCID: PMC6827286 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular chaperones perform pivotal roles in proteostasis by engaging in protein–protein interactions (PPIs). The collagen-specific molecular chaperone Hsp47 (heat shock protein 47) interacts with procollagen in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plays crucial roles in collagen synthesis. PPIs between Hsp47 and collagen could offer a therapeutic target for fibrosis, which is characterized by abnormal collagen accumulation in the extracellular matrix of fibrotic organs. Herein, we established a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) system for assessing Hsp47–collagen interaction dynamics within the ER. After optimization and validation of the method, we could demonstrate inhibition of the interaction between Hsp47 and collagen by a small molecule (Col003) in the ER. Using the BRET system, we also found that Hsp47 interacts not only with the Gly-Pro-Arg motif but also weakly with Gly-Pro-Hyp motifs of triple-helical collagen in cells. Moreover, we found that the serpin loop of Hsp47 (SerpinH1) contributes to its binding to collagen. We propose that the method developed here can provide valuable information on PPIs between Hsp47 and collagen and on the effects of PPI inhibitors important for the management of fibrotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ito
- Institute for Protein Dynamics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
| | - Masazumi Saito
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masahito Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Koh Takeuchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Takayuki Doi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagata
- Institute for Protein Dynamics, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan .,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan.,CREST, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan
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