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Rauchová H. Coenzyme Q10 effects in neurological diseases. Physiol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.33549//physiolres.934712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a lipophilic substituted benzoquinone, is present in animal and plant cells. It is endogenously synthetized in every cell and involved in a variety of cellular processes. CoQ10 is an obligatory component of the respiratory chain in inner mitochondrial membrane. In addition, the presence of CoQ10 in all cellular membranes and in blood. It is the only endogenous lipid antioxidant. Moreover, it is an essential factor for uncoupling protein and controls the permeability transition pore in mitochondria. It also participates in extramitochondrial electron transport and controls membrane physicochemical properties. CoQ10 effects on gene expression might affect the overall metabolism. Primary changes in the energetic and antioxidant functions can explain its remedial effects. CoQ10 supplementation is safe and well-tolerated, even at high doses. CoQ10 does not cause any serious adverse effects in humans or experimental animals. New preparations of CoQ10 that are less hydrophobic and structural derivatives, like idebenone and MitoQ, are being developed to increase absorption and tissue distribution. The review aims to summarize clinical and experimental effects of CoQ10 supplementations in some neurological diseases such as migraine, Parkinson´s disease, Huntington´s disease, Alzheimer´s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Friedreich´s ataxia or multiple sclerosis. Cardiovascular hypertension was included because of its central mechanisms controlling blood pressure in the brainstem rostral ventrolateral medulla and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. In conclusion, it seems reasonable to recommend CoQ10 as adjunct to conventional therapy in some cases. However, sometimes CoQ10 supplementations are more efficient in animal models of diseases than in human patients (e.g. Parkinson´s disease) or rather vague (e.g. Friedreich´s ataxia or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rauchová
- Institute of Physiology Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Gueguen N, Baris O, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Spinazzi M. Secondary coenzyme Q deficiency in neurological disorders. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:203-218. [PMID: 33450382 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a ubiquitous lipid serving essential cellular functions. It is the only component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain that can be exogenously absorbed. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge, controversies, and open questions about CoQ intracellular and tissue distribution, in particular in brain and skeletal muscle. We discuss human neurological diseases and mouse models associated with secondary CoQ deficiency in these tissues and highlight pharmacokinetic and anatomical challenges in exogenous CoQ biodistribution, recent improvements in CoQ formulations and imaging, as well as alternative therapeutical strategies to CoQ supplementation. The last section proposes possible mechanisms underlying secondary CoQ deficiency in human diseases with emphasis on neurological and neuromuscular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naig Gueguen
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Olivier Baris
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Marco Spinazzi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Neurology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France.
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García-Carpintero S, Domínguez-Bértalo J, Pedrero-Prieto C, Frontiñán-Rubio J, Amo-Salas M, Durán-Prado M, García-Pérez E, Vaamonde J, Alcain FJ. Ubiquinol Supplementation Improves Gender-Dependent Cerebral Vasoreactivity and Ameliorates Chronic Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:143. [PMID: 33498250 PMCID: PMC7909244 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquinol can protect endothelial cells from multiple mechanisms that cause endothelial damage and vascular dysfunction, thus contributing to dementia. A total of 69 participants diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) received either 200 mg/day ubiquinol (Ub) or placebo for 1 year. Cognitive assessment of patients was performed at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up. Patients' cerebral vasoreactivity was examined using transcranial Doppler sonography, and levels of Ub and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in plasma samples were quantified. Cell viability and necrotic cell death were determined using the microvascular endothelial cell line bEnd3. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ) levels increased in patients supplemented for 1 year with ubiquinol versus baseline and the placebo group, although higher levels were observed in male patients. The higher cCoQ concentration in male patients improved cerebral vasoreactivity CRV and reduced inflammation, although the effect of Ub supplementation on neurological improvement was negligible in this study. Furthermore, plasma from Ub-supplemented patients improved the viability of endothelial cells, although only in T2DM and hypertensive patients. This suggests that ubiquinol supplementation could be recommended to reach a concentration of 5 μg/mL in plasma in MCI patients as a complement to conventional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia García-Carpintero
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.G.-C.); (C.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.)
- Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Domínguez-Bértalo
- Neurology Department, Virgen de Altagracia Hospital—Manzanares, SESCAM, 13002 Manzanares, Spain;
| | - Cristina Pedrero-Prieto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.G.-C.); (C.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.)
- Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Javier Frontiñán-Rubio
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.G.-C.); (C.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.)
- Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Mariano Amo-Salas
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Mario Durán-Prado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.G.-C.); (C.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.)
- Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Eloy García-Pérez
- Neurology Department, General University Hospital—Ciudad Real, SESCAM, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Julia Vaamonde
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.G.-C.); (C.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.)
- Neurology Department, General University Hospital—Ciudad Real, SESCAM, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Francisco J. Alcain
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.G.-C.); (C.P.-P.); (J.F.-R.)
- Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration Group, Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Jhun J, Moon J, Ryu J, Shin Y, Lee S, Cho KH, Kang T, Cho ML, Park SH. Liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticle encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10) suppressed rheumatoid arthritis via STAT3/Th17 targeting. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241080. [PMID: 33156836 PMCID: PMC7647073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone, is a fat-soluble antioxidant. Although CoQ10 has not been approved as medication by the Food and Drug Administration, it is widely used in dietary supplements. Some studies have shown that CoQ10 has anti-inflammatory effects on various autoimmune disorders. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticles encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10). Both CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10 were administered orally to mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) for 10 weeks. The inflammation pathology of joint tissues of CIA mice was then analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin O staining, as well as immunohistochemistry analysis. We obtained immunofluorescence staining images of spleen tissues using confocal microscopy. We found that pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. Th17 cell and phosphorylated STAT3-expressed cell populations were also decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. When human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10, the IL-17 expression of PBMCs in the LGNP-CoQ10-treated group was significantly reduced. Together, these results suggest that LGNP-CoQ10 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Arthritis, Experimental/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Experimental/metabolism
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism
- Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/metabolism
- Cell Line
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gold/administration & dosage
- Humans
- Inflammation/drug therapy
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Interleukin-17/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Liposomes/administration & dosage
- Male
- Metal Nanoparticles/administration & dosage
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
- Th17 Cells/drug effects
- Ubiquinone/administration & dosage
- Ubiquinone/analogs & derivatives
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooyeon Jhun
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Moon
- Laboratory of Immune Network, Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoon Ryu
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghee Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seangyoun Lee
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hyung Cho
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewook Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (TK); (MLC); (SHP)
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Immune Network, Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (TK); (MLC); (SHP)
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (TK); (MLC); (SHP)
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Pharmacokinetics of Repeated Oral Dosing with Coenzyme Q10 in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090827. [PMID: 32899633 PMCID: PMC7555137 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (Q10) is a mitochondrial cofactor and an antioxidant with the potential to combat oxidative stress in heart failure. This study aims to determine the pharmacokinetics of repeated oral dosing of Q10 in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with spontaneous myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and to evaluate echocardiographic parameters, circulating cardiac biomarkers, and quality of life (QoL) after treatment. The study is a randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blinded crossover study. Nineteen CKCS with MMVD were randomized to receive 100 mg Q10 (ubiquinone) bi-daily for three weeks, then placebo (or in reverse order). Clinical examination, blood sampling, echocardiography, and QoL assessment were performed before and after each treatment phase. Q10 plasma concentrations were determined in plasma using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method using electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD). Eighteen CKCS were included in the analyses. Total plasma concentration of Q10 increased significantly (p < 0.0001) from baseline (median, 0.92 µg/mL; interquartile range (IQR), 0.70-1.26) to after treatment (median, 3.51 µg/mL; IQR, 2.30-6.88). Thirteen dogs reached the threshold of a total plasma Q10 concentration of ≥2.0 µg/mL. The average half-life (T1/2) of Q10 was 2.95 days (IQR, 1.75-4.02). No significant differences were observed in clinical MMVD severity, and the owner perceived QoL between Q10 and placebo treatment. The solubilized Q10 formulation was well-tolerated in the dogs. Individual variation in plasma concentrations was observed following oral treatment. A long-term placebo-controlled trial is warranted in dogs with MMVD to determine long-term efficacy on the clinical severity of MMVD.
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Morsy AA, Sabri NA, Mourad AM, Mojahed EM, Shawki MA. Randomized controlled open-label study of the effect of vitamin E supplementation on fertility in clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 46:2375-2382. [PMID: 32885585 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of vitamin E on ovulation and pregnancy in women with clomiphene citrate (CC)-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS A prospective, randomized, controlled, open label study was conducted on women with CC-resistant PCOS. Patients were randomized, to either control group (n = 30), who received metformin 500 mg thrice daily, in addition to 150 mg/day CC for 5 days starting from day 3 of menstruation for three menstruation cycles, or vitamin E group (n = 30) who received vitamin E 1500 IU/day for the whole study period in addition to metformin and CC with the same previous regimen. The primary outcome was cumulative ovulation rate, while secondary outcomes were pregnancy rate, serum midluteal progesterone, mean follicular diameter, number of dominant follicles and endometrial thickness. RESULTS Ovulation was reported in 57 (64.8%) of 88 cycles in the control group and 63 (73.3%) of 86 cycles in the vitamin E group (P = 0.227), while pregnancy was reported in 4 (4.5%) of 88 cycles in the control group and 6 (7%) of 86 cycles in the vitamin E group (P = 0.491).There were nonsignificant differences between groups regarding serum midluteal progesterone, number of dominant follicles and mean follicular diameter. Endometrial thickness was significantly higher in the vitamin E group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION The findings of this trial do not support the hypothesis that vitamin E may increase the ovulation and pregnancy rates in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Morsy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nagwa A Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelrehim M Mourad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman M Mojahed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - May A Shawki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Nashimoto S, Takekawa Y, Takekuma Y, Sugawara M, Sato Y. Transport via Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 contributes to the intestinal absorption of ubiquinone. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 35:527-533. [PMID: 33036883 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquinone, which is a component in the electron-transport systems of mitochondria, is essential for various activities related to energy metabolism, but the detailed absorption mechanism of ubiquinone is not clear. On the other hand, Niemann-Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) is involved in the intestinal absorption of fat-soluble components such as cholesterol. In this study, we investigated whether the intestinal absorption of ubiquinone was transported by NPC1L1 as is cholesterol. In this study, coenzyme q10 (CoQ10) and coenzyme q9 (CoQ9) were used as models of ubiquinone. The transport activity of ubiquinone was increased significantly in NPC1L1-overexpressed Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells compared with that in pMAM2-BSD vector-transfected MDCK cells and the uptake of ubiquinone was decreased in the presence of ezetimibe, an inhibitor of NPC1L1. These results indicate that NPC1L1 mediates the transport of ubiquinone. Furthermore, to clarify the effect of NPC1L1 on the intestinal absorption of CoQ10, emulsified CoQ10 was orally administered to Wistar rats, and the plasma concentration was measured. The plasma concentration of CoQ10 was significantly decreased by coadministration of ezetimibe and CoQ10 compared to that with administration of only CoQ10. This result indicates that the intestinal absorption of CoQ10 is mediated by NPC1L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Nashimoto
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10-jo, Nishi-8-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yuto Takekawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacy, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yoh Takekuma
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14-jo, Nishi-5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sugawara
- Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14-jo, Nishi-5-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12-jo, Nishi-6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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Rooney M, Curley C, Sweeney J, Griffin M, Porter R, Hill E, Katz L. Prolonged oral coenzyme Q10-β-cyclodextrin supplementation increases skeletal muscle complex I+III activity in young Thoroughbreds. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL NUTRITION 2020. [DOI: 10.3920/jaan2019.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC). Decreased skeletal muscle CoQ10 content may result in decreased ETC activity and energy production. This study tested the hypotheses that supplementation with oral CoQ10 will increase plasma CoQ10 concentrations and that prolonged supplementation will increase skeletal muscle CoQ10 content in young, healthy untrained Thoroughbreds. Nineteen Thoroughbreds (27.5±9.7 months old; 11 males, eight females) from one farm and maintained on a grass pasture with one grain meal per day were supplemented daily with 1.5 mg/kg body weight of an oral CoQ10-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. Whole-blood and skeletal muscle biopsies were collected before (T0) and after (T1) nine weeks of supplementation. Plasma CoQ10 concentrations were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial ETC combined complex I+III enzyme activity (indirect measurement of CoQ10 content) was assessed spectrophotometrically and normalised to mitochondrial abundance. Horses accepted supplementation with no adverse effects. Plasma CoQ10 concentration increased in all horses following supplementation, with mean plasma CoQ10 concentration significantly increasing from T0 to T1 (0.13±0.02 vs 0.25±0.03 μg/ml; mean difference 0.12±0.03; P=0.004). However, variability in absorbance resulted in a 58% response rate (i.e. doubling of T1 above T0 values). The mean skeletal muscle complex I+III activity significantly increased from T0 to T1 (0.36±0.04 vs 0.59±0.05 pmol/min/mg of muscle, mean difference 0.23±0.05; P=0.0004), although T1 values for three out of 19 horses decreased on average by 23% below T0 values. In conclusion, oral supplementation with CoQ10 in the diet of young, healthy untrained Thoroughbreds increased mean plasma CoQ10 concentration by 99% with prolonged daily supplementation increasing mean skeletal muscle complex I+III activity by 65%. Additional research is warranted investigating training and exercise effects on skeletal muscle CoQ10 content in CoQ10 supplemented and un-supplemented Thoroughbreds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.F. Rooney
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, DO2R590, Ireland
| | - C.E. Curley
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, DO2R590, Ireland
| | - J. Sweeney
- RCSI Division of Population Health Sciences, RCSI, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - M.E. Griffin
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Pottery Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin, A96 KW29, Ireland
| | - R.K. Porter
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, DO2R590, Ireland
| | - E.W. Hill
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Pottery Road, Dun Laoghaire, Co. Dublin, A96 KW29, Ireland
| | - L.M. Katz
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Miso Soup Consumption Enhances the Bioavailability of the Reduced Form of Supplemental Coenzyme Q 10. J Nutr Metab 2020; 2020:5349086. [PMID: 31998536 PMCID: PMC6969983 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5349086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential compound that is involved in energy production and is a lipid-soluble antioxidant. Although it has been proposed as an antiaging and a health-supporting supplement, its low bioavailability remains a significant issue. Concurrent food intake enhances the absorption of orally administered CoQ10, but it has not been fully established whether specific food substances affect intestinal CoQ10 absorption. Therefore, to determine whether the bioavailability of supplemental CoQ10 is affected by diet, P30, a granulated and reduced form of CoQ10, was dispersed in four different foods, clear soup, miso soup, milk soup, and raw egg sauce. Those foods which contained CoQ10 were consumed on different occasions at intervals of 6–14 weeks by the same participants. Thirteen participants were recruited in the single-dose and repeated clinical study. When miso soup containing P30 was provided, the serum CoQ10 concentration increased faster than when participants consumed other P30-containing soups or a P30-containing raw egg sauce. The area under the curve for serum CoQ10 during the first 5 h after consumption of the P30-containing miso soup was approximately 1.5 times larger than those after the consumption of other P30-containing meals. These data imply that the absorption of CoQ10 supplements can be enhanced by consuming them with food and in particular with specific food substances, such as miso soup.
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10
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Enhancement of intestinal absorption of coenzyme Q10 using emulsions containing oleyl polyethylene acetic acids. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 142:105144. [PMID: 31730802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Emulsions have often been prepared to improve absorption of lipophilic compounds that have poor solubility. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipophilic compound that has been used as an anti-aging supplement. We focused on oleyl polyethyleneoxy acetic acid, an oxa acid derivative, to prepare emulsions of CoQ10 with the expectation of application to oral pharmaceutics. Oxa acids were purified and classified into four groups based on the average length of the ethylene oxide chain. The emulsion that were prepared using the four oxa acid groups were administered to rats and the plasma concentration profiles of CoQ10 were analyzed. The absorption of CoQ10 was improved in all emulsion groups compared with that in the powder group. The emulsion using oxa acid (n = 9.0) greatly increased the plasma concentration of CoQ10. Absorption was also improved by using emulsions containing larger percentage of oxa acids (6%, 15% and 23%) to compared with the same oxa acid (n = 9.0). The effects of oxa acids on cell viability were almost the same as those of conventional surfactants such as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (Tween 80). The results showed that oxa acids are useful to prepare emulsions for oral administration and that the absorption of CoQ10 using oxa acids is significantly improved by using our formulations.
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Wei Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Lin K, Yang S, Dai L, Liu J, Mao L, Yuan F, Gao Y. Enhanced stability, structural characterization and simulated gastrointestinal digestion of coenzyme Q10 loaded ternary nanoparticles. Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Abstract
The aging process includes impairment in mitochondrial function, a reduction in anti-oxidant activity, and an increase in oxidative stress, marked by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Oxidative damage to macromolecules including DNA and electron transport proteins likely increases ROS production resulting in further damage. This oxidative theory of cell aging is supported by the fact that diseases associated with the aging process are marked by increased oxidative stress. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) levels fall with aging in the human but this is not seen in all species or all tissues. It is unknown whether lower CoQ10 levels have a part to play in aging and disease or whether it is an inconsequential cellular response to aging. Despite the current lay public interest in supplementing with CoQ10, there is currently not enough evidence to recommend CoQ10 supplementation as an anti-aging anti-oxidant therapy.
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Sato Y. [Study of Formulation Development Based on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Functional Food Components]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2019; 139:341-347. [PMID: 30828009 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.18-00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Preventive medicine and anti-aging medicine have received much attention recently due to an increase in the proportion of elderly people in the population, and to an increase in patients with lifestyle diseases. Oxidative stress is involved in the onset of lifestyle diseases, and various antioxidant supplements and antioxidant-fortified functional foods have recently become available. Many epidemiological studies have shown relationships between the consumption of polyphenol and carotenoid-rich foods and the prevention of lifestyle diseases. We have focused on the absorption mechanism of these food components that show low bioavailability, and have made efforts to improve their poor absorption based on their pharmacokinetic properties. In this report, as examples, we describe the enhancement of the absorption of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and lutein. To improve the absorption of CoQ10, we focused on the component of emulsion. We found that a higher plasma concentration of CoQ10 could be obtained by creating an emulsion containing a surfactant with a higher hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) value. For the improvement of lutein absorption, we prepared a solid dispersion and self-emulsifying drug delivery system. It was shown that the plasma concentrations of lutein in these two formulation groups were increased compared with that in the powder group. The absorption of lutein was also evaluated by its cumulative amount in the lymph system. Our data showed that lutein is transferred from the small intestine into the lymph stream, rather than into the blood stream. Further investigations to improve the absorption of these components are in progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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14
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Huang J, Qian A, Sun R, Xia Q. Preparation and characterization of coenzyme Q10 loaded solid lipid-based formulations for enhancement of gastrointestinal solubilization. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2018.1515023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Airui Qian
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rui Sun
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Xia
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, P. R. China
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Gutierrez-Mariscal FM, Yubero-Serrano EM, Villalba JM, Lopez-Miranda J. Coenzyme Q10: From bench to clinic in aging diseases, a translational review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:2240-2257. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1442316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal
- Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine/IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena M. Yubero-Serrano
- Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine/IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose M. Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipid and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine/IMIBIC/Reina Sofia University Hospital/University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Varela-López A, Giampieri F, Battino M, Quiles JL. Coenzyme Q and Its Role in the Dietary Therapy against Aging. Molecules 2016; 21:373. [PMID: 26999099 PMCID: PMC6273282 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a naturally occurring molecule located in the hydrophobic domain of the phospholipid bilayer of all biological membranes. Shortly after being discovered, it was recognized as an essential electron transport chain component in mitochondria where it is particularly abundant. Since then, more additional roles in cell physiology have been reported, including antioxidant, signaling, death prevention, and others. It is known that all cells are able to synthesize functionally sufficient amounts of CoQ under normal physiological conditions. However, CoQ is a molecule found in different dietary sources, which can be taken up and incorporated into biological membranes. It is known that mitochondria have a close relationship with the aging process. Additionally, delaying the aging process through diet has aroused the interest of scientists for many years. These observations have stimulated investigation of the anti-aging potential of CoQ and its possible use in dietary therapies to alleviate the effects of aging. In this context, the present review focus on the current knowledge and evidence the roles of CoQ cells, its relationship with aging, and possible implications of dietary CoQ in relation to aging, lifespan or age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s.n., Armilla, Granada 18100, Spain.
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO), Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO), Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy.
- Centre for Nutrition & Health, Universidad Europea del Atlantico (UEA), Santander 39011, Spain.
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s.n., Armilla, Granada 18100, Spain.
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17
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Takekawa Y, Sato Y, Yamaki Y, Imai M, Noto K, Sumi M, Takekuma Y, Iseki K, Sugawara M. An Approach to Improve Intestinal Absorption of Poorly Absorbed Water-Insoluble Components via Niemann–Pick C1-Like 1. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:301-7. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Takekawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Yuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Mei Imai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Kazuma Noto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Masato Sumi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Yoh Takekuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Ken Iseki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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18
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Abstract
Atherosclerotic lesions initiate in regions characterized by low shear stress and reduced activity of endothelial atheroprotective molecules such as nitric oxide, which is the key molecule managing vascular homeostasis. The generation of reactive oxygen species from the vascular endothelium is strongly related to various enzymes, such as xanthine oxidase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase. Several pharmaceutical agents, including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptors blockers and statins, along with a variety of other agents, have demonstrated additional antioxidant properties beyond their principal role. Reports regarding the antioxidant role of vitamins present controversial results, especially those based on large scale studies. In addition, there is growing interest on the role of dietary flavonoids and their potential to improve endothelial function by modifying the oxidative stress status. However, the vascular-protective role of flavonoids and especially their antioxidant properties are still under investigation. Indeed, further research is required to establish the impact of the proposed new therapeutic strategies in atherosclerosis.
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19
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Nano-encapsulation of coenzyme Q10 using octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch. Food Chem 2015; 174:585-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone or ubidecarenone, is a powerful, endogenously produced, intracellularly existing lipophilic antioxidant. It combats reactive oxygen species (ROS) known to be responsible for a variety of human pathological conditions. Its target site is the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) of each cell. In case of deficiency and/or aging, CoQ10 oral supplementation is warranted. However, CoQ10 has low oral bioavailability due to its lipophilic nature, large molecular weight, regional differences in its gastrointestinal permeability and involvement of multitransporters. Intracellular delivery and mitochondrial target ability issues pose additional hurdles. To maximize CoQ10 delivery to its biopharmaceutical target, numerous approaches have been undertaken. The review summaries the current research on CoQ10 bioavailability and highlights the headways to obtain a satisfactory intracellular and targeted mitochondrial delivery. Unresolved questions and research gaps were identified to bring this promising natural product to the forefront of therapeutic agents for treatment of different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Zaki
- a Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
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Garrido-Maraver J, Cordero MD, Oropesa-Ávila M, Fernández Vega A, de la Mata M, Delgado Pavón A, de Miguel M, Pérez Calero C, Villanueva Paz M, Cotán D, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Coenzyme q10 therapy. Mol Syndromol 2014; 5:187-97. [PMID: 25126052 DOI: 10.1159/000360101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
For a number of years, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) was known for its key role in mitochondrial bioenergetics; later studies demonstrated its presence in other subcellular fractions and in blood plasma, and extensively investigated its antioxidant role. These 2 functions constitute the basis for supporting the clinical use of CoQ10. Also, at the inner mitochondrial membrane level, CoQ10 is recognized as an obligatory cofactor for the function of uncoupling proteins and a modulator of the mitochondrial transition pore. Furthermore, recent data indicate that CoQ10 affects the expression of genes involved in human cell signaling, metabolism and transport, and some of the effects of CoQ10 supplementation may be due to this property. CoQ10 deficiencies are due to autosomal recessive mutations, mitochondrial diseases, aging-related oxidative stress and carcinogenesis processes, and also statin treatment. Many neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, cancer, and muscular and cardiovascular diseases have been associated with low CoQ10 levels as well as different ataxias and encephalomyopathies. CoQ10 treatment does not cause serious adverse effects in humans and new formulations have been developed that increase CoQ10 absorption and tissue distribution. Oral administration of CoQ10 is a frequent antioxidant strategy in many diseases that may provide a significant symptomatic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Garrido-Maraver
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mario D Cordero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain ; Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Oropesa-Ávila
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alejandro Fernández Vega
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mario de la Mata
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Delgado Pavón
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel de Miguel
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carmen Pérez Calero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marina Villanueva Paz
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - David Cotán
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José A Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain ; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red: Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Sevilla, Spain
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22
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El Refaeey A, Selem A, Badawy A. Combined coenzyme Q10 and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in clomiphene-citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biomed Online 2014; 29:119-24. [PMID: 24813752 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This prospective randomized controlled trial evaluated the effect of combined oral coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in clomiphene-citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A total of 101 infertile women with PCOS resistant to clomiphene citrate were randomized either to combined CoQ10 and clomiphene citrate (51 patients, 82 cycles) or to clomiphene citrate alone (50 patients, 71 cycles). The outcome measures were number of follicles, serum oestradiol, serum progesterone, endometrial thickness and ovulation, clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates. Numbers of follicles >14 mm and ≥18 mm were significantly higher in the CoQ10 group. Endometrial thickness on the day of human chorionic gonadotrophin was significantly greater in the CoQ10 group (8.82 ± 0.27 mm versus 7.03 ± 0.74 mm). Ovulation occurred in 54/82 cycles (65.9%) in the CoQ10 group and 11/71 cycles (15.5%) in the control group. Clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the CoQ10 group (19/51, 37.3%) versus the control group (3/50, 6.0%). Combination of CoQ10 and clomiphene citrate in the treatment of clomiphene-citrate-resistant PCOS patients improves ovulation and clinical pregnancy rates. It is an effective and safe option and can be considered before gonadotrophin therapy or laparoscopic ovarian drilling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amal Selem
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Badawy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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23
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Perspective and potential of oral lipid-based delivery to optimize pharmacological therapies against cardiovascular diseases. J Control Release 2014; 193:174-87. [PMID: 24852093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite the large number of cardiovascular drugs available for pharmacological therapies, factors limiting the efficient oral use are identified, including low water solubility, pre-systemic metabolism, food intake effects and short half-life. Numerous in vivo proof-of-concepts studies are presented to highlight the viability of lipid-based delivery to optimize the oral delivery of cardiovascular drugs. In particular, the key performance enhancement roles of oral lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDSs) are identified, which include i) improving the oral bioavailability, ii) sustaining/controlling drug release, iii) improving drug stability, iv) reducing food intake effect, v) targeting to injured sites, and vi) potential for combination therapy. Mechanisms involved in achieving these features, range of applicability, and limits of available systems are detailed. Future research and development efforts to address these issues are discussed, which is of significant value in directing future research work in fostering translation of lipid-based formulations into clinical applications to reduce the prevalence of CVDs.
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24
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Barakat A, Shegokar R, Dittgen M, Müller RH. Coenzyme Q10 oral bioavailability: effect of formulation type. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-013-0101-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Sato Y, Mutoh H, Suzuki M, Takekuma Y, Iseki K, Sugawara M. Emulsification Using Highly Hydrophilic Surfactants Improves the Absorption of Orally Administered Coenzyme Q10. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:2012-7. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Hanami Mutoh
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Mika Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Yoh Takekuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Ken Iseki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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26
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Shih FF. An Update on the Use of Co-products from the Milling of Rice in Value-Added Food Products. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-011-1941-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Konno Y, Aoki M, Takagishi M, Sakai N, Koike M, Wakamatsu K, Hosoi S. Enhancement of antibody production by the addition of Coenzyme-Q(10). Cytotechnology 2011; 63:163-70. [PMID: 21197574 PMCID: PMC3080474 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-010-9330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been a growing demand for therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) on the global market. Because therapeutic MAbs are more expensive than low-molecular-weight drugs, there have been strong demands to lower their production costs. Therefore, efficient methods to minimize the cost of goods are currently active areas of research. We have screened several enhancers of specific MAb production rate (SPR) using a YB2/0 cell line and found that coenzyme-Q(10) (CoQ(10)) is a promising enhancer candidate. CoQ(10) is well known as a strong antioxidant in the respiratory chain and is used for healthcare and other applications. Because CoQ(10) is negligibly water soluble, most studies are limited by low concentrations. We added CoQ(10) to a culture medium as dispersed nanoparticles at several concentrations (Q-Media) and conducted a fed-batch culture. Although the Q-Media had no effect on cumulative viable cell density, it enhanced SPR by 29%. In addition, the Q-Media had no effect on the binding or cytotoxic activity of MAbs. Q-Media also enhanced SPR with CHO and NS0 cell lines by 30%. These observations suggest that CoQ(10) serves as a powerful aid in the production of MAbs by enhancing SPR without changing the characteristics of cell growth, or adversely affecting the quality or biological activity of MAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Konno
- Bioprocess Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 100-1 Hagiwara-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma, 370-0013, Japan,
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28
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Sato Y, Kobayashi M, Itagaki S, Hirano T, Noda T, Mizuno S, Sugawara M, Iseki K. Pharmacokinetic properties of lutein emulsion after oral administration to rats and effect of food intake on plasma concentration of lutein. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2011; 32:151-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bdd.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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29
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Sato Y, Itagaki S, Oikawa S, Ogura J, Kobayashi M, Hirano T, Sugawara M, Iseki K. Protective Effect of Soy Isoflavone Genistein on Ischemia-Reperfusion in the Rat Small Intestine. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:1448-54. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Shirou Itagaki
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Setsu Oikawa
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Jiro Ogura
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Masaki Kobayashi
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Takeshi Hirano
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Mitsuru Sugawara
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
| | - Ken Iseki
- Division of Pharmasciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University
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30
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Villalba JM, Parrado C, Santos-Gonzalez M, Alcain FJ. Therapeutic use of coenzyme Q10 and coenzyme Q10-related compounds and formulations. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2010; 19:535-54. [PMID: 20367194 DOI: 10.1517/13543781003727495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) is found in blood and in all organs. CoQ(10) deficiencies are due to autosomal recessive mutations, ageing-related oxidative stress and carcinogenesis processes, and also statin treatment. Many neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, cancer and muscular and cardiovascular diseases have been associated with low CoQ(10) levels, as well as different ataxias and encephalomyopathies. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW We review the efficacy of a variety of commercial formulations which have been developed to solubilise CoQ(10) and promote its better absorption in vivo, and its use in the therapy of pathologies associated with low CoQ(10) levels, with emphasis in the results of the clinical trials. Also, we review the use of its analogues idebenone and MitoQ. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN This review covers the most relevant aspects related with the therapeutic use of CoQ(10), including existing formulations and their effects on its bioavailability. TAKE HOME MESSAGE CoQ(10) does not cause serious adverse effects in humans and new formulations have been developed that increase CoQ(10) absorption. Oral CoQ(10) is a viable antioxidant strategy in many diseases, providing a significant to mild symptomatic benefit. Idebenone and MitoQ are promising substitutive CoQ(10)-related drugs which are well tolerated and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Villalba
- Universidad de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, 3a planta 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
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31
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Itagaki S, Ochiai A, Kobayashi M, Sugawara M, Hirano T, Iseki K. Grapefruit juice enhance the uptake of coenzyme Q10 in the human intestinal cell-line Caco-2. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.10.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Pravst I, Žmitek K, Žmitek J. Coenzyme Q10 Contents in Foods and Fortification Strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2010; 50:269-80. [DOI: 10.1080/10408390902773037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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33
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Nishimura A, Fujimura M, Hasegawa F, Shibata N. Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Nifedipine and Coenzyme Q10 in Rats: A New Type of Drug-Supplement Interaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.56.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asako Nishimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Mari Fujimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Fuyuka Hasegawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Nobuhito Shibata
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
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Faust K, Gehrke S, Yang Y, Yang L, Beal MF, Lu B. Neuroprotective effects of compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in a Drosophila model of Parkinson's disease. BMC Neurosci 2009; 10:109. [PMID: 19723328 PMCID: PMC3152779 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-10-109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder. Extrapyramidal motor symptoms stem from the degeneration of the dopaminergic pathways in patient brain. Current treatments for PD are symptomatic, alleviating disease symptoms without reversing or retarding disease progression. Although the cause of PD remains unknown, several pathogenic factors have been identified, which cause dopaminergic neuron (DN) death in the substantia nigra (SN). These include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and excitotoxicity. Manipulation of these factors may allow the development of disease-modifying treatment strategies to slow neuronal death. Inhibition of DJ-1A, the Drosophila homologue of the familial PD gene DJ-1, leads to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and DN loss, making fly DJ-1A model an excellent in vivo system to test for compounds with therapeutic potential. Results In the present study, a Drosophila DJ-1A model of PD was used to test potential neuroprotective drugs. The drugs applied are the Chinese herb celastrol, the antibiotic minocycline, the bioenergetic amine coenzyme Q10 (coQ10), and the glutamate antagonist 2,3-dihydroxy-6-nitro-7-sulphamoylbenzo[f]-quinoxaline (NBQX). All of these drugs target pathogenic processes implicated in PD, thus constitute mechanism-based treatment strategies. We show that celastrol and minocycline, both having antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, confer potent dopaminergic neuroprotection in Drosophila DJ-1A model, while coQ10 shows no protective effect. NBQX exerts differential effects on cell survival and brain dopamine content: it protects against DN loss but fails to restore brain dopamine level. Conclusion The present study further validates Drosophila as a valuable model for preclinical testing of drugs with therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases. The lower cost and amenability to high throughput testing make Drosophila PD models effective in vivo tools for screening novel therapeutic compounds. If our findings can be further validated in mammalian PD models, they would implicate drugs combining antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as strong therapeutic candidates for mechanism-based PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Faust
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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Nishimura A, Yanagawa H, Fujikawa N, Kiriyama A, Shibata N. Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Coenzyme Q 10: Absorption of Three Different Oral Formulations in Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.55.540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asako Nishimura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Haruna Yanagawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Naoko Fujikawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Akiko Kiriyama
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
| | - Nobuhito Shibata
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts
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Evans M, Baisley J, Barss S, Guthrie N. A randomized, double-blind trial on the bioavailability of two CoQ10 formulations. J Funct Foods 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2008.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Itagaki S, Ochiai A, Kobayashi M, Sugawara M, Hirano T, Iseki K. Interaction of coenzyme Q10 with the intestinal drug transporter P-glycoprotein. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:6923-6927. [PMID: 18656939 DOI: 10.1021/jf800992p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In clinical trials, patients usually take many kinds of drugs at the same time. Thus, drug-drug interactions can often directly affect the therapeutic safety and efficacy of many drugs. Oral delivery is the most desirable means of drug administration. Changes in the activity of drug transporters may substantially influence the absorption of administered drugs from the intestine. However, there have been a few studies on food-drug interactions involving transporters. It is important to be aware of the potential of food-drug interactions and to act in order to prevent undesirable and harmful clinical consequences. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is very widely consumed by humans as a food supplement because of its recognition by the public as an important nutrient in supporting human health. Since intestinal efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the major factors in drug-drug interactions, we focused on this transporter. We report here for the first time that CoQ10, which is widely used as a food supplement, affects the transport activity of P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirou Itagaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12-jo Nishi 6-chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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