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Wakimoto Y, Miura Y, Inoue S, Nomura M, Moriyama H. Effects of different combinations of mechanical loading intensity, duration, and frequency on the articular cartilage in mice. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:862. [PMID: 39073659 PMCID: PMC11286701 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how healthy articular cartilage responds to mechanical loading is critical. Moderate mechanical loading has positive effects on the cartilage, such as maintaining cartilage homeostasis. The degree of mechanical loading is determined by a combination of intensity, frequency, and duration; however, the best combination of these parameters for knee cartilage remains unclear. This study aimed to determine which combination of intensity, frequency, and duration provides the best mechanical loading on healthy knee articular cartilage in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, 33 male mice were used. Chondrocytes isolated from mouse knee joints were subjected to different cyclic tensile strains (CTSs) and assessed by measuring the expression of cartilage matrix-related genes. Furthermore, the histological characteristics of mouse tibial cartilages were quantified using different treadmill exercises. Chondrocytes and mice were divided into the control group and eight intervention groups: high-intensity, high-frequency, and long-duration; high-intensity, high-frequency, and short-duration; high-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration; high-intensity, low-frequency, and short-duration; low-intensity, high-frequency, and long-duration; low-intensity, high-frequency, and short-duration; low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration; low-intensity, low-frequency, and short-duration. In low-intensity CTSs, chondrocytes showed anabolic responses by altering the mRNA expression of COL2A1 in short durations and SOX9 in long durations. Furthermore, low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration treadmill exercises minimized chondrocyte hypertrophy and enhanced aggrecan synthesis in tibial cartilages. CONCLUSION Low-intensity, low-frequency, and long-duration mechanical loading is the best combination for healthy knee cartilage to maintain homeostasis and activate anabolic responses. Our findings provide a significant scientific basis for exercise and lifestyle instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Wakimoto
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Miura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shota Inoue
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masato Nomura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hideki Moriyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, 654-0142, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Hori M, Terada M, Suga T, Isaka T. The effect of attending rehabilitation after traumatic knee joint injury on femoral articular cartilage morphology in collegiate rugby players with a history of intracapsular knee joint injury during two-year consecutive rugby seasons. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 5:1309938. [PMID: 38274032 PMCID: PMC10808301 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1309938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This present study aimed to compare ultrasonographic measures of femoral articular cartilage during two-year seasons between collegiate rugby players who have attended supervised rehabilitation following intracapsular knee joint injury and those without a history of knee injury. Methods Using a prospective observational study design, 12 male collegiate rugby players with a previous history of intracapsular knee joint injury who have received and completed supervised rehabilitation following their injury and 44 players without knee joint injury participated in this study. Ultrasonographic images were used to verify changes in femoral articular cartilage thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) with or without a previous history of knee joint injury over two consecutive rugby seasons. Results Significant time main effects were observed for the lateral condylar thickness (p < 0.001), the intercondylar thickness (p = 0.001), the medial condylar thickness (p < 0.001), and CSA (p < 0.001). No significant interactions nor group main effects were identified for all femoral articular cartilage (p < 0.05). Conclusions Collegiate rugby players demonstrated a decrease in femoral articular cartilage thickness and CSA over two-year consecutive rugby seasons. These findings indicate that engaging in collegiate rugby induces alterations in femoral articular cartilage structure. Furthermore, there were no differences in all femoral cartilage outcome measures between rugby players with and without a previous history of traumatic knee joint injury. Therefore, attending supervised rehabilitation at the time of their knee joint injury appeared to reduce the impact of a previous history of intracapsular knee joint injury on the change in femoral articular cartilage thickness and CSA among active rugby players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Hori
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Masafumi Terada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Tadashi Suga
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
| | - Tadao Isaka
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Japan
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Yawar A, Lieberman DE. Biomechanical Tradeoffs in Foot Function From Variations in Shoe Design. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2023; 51:128-139. [PMID: 37220782 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
There is debate and confusion over how to evaluate the biomechanical effects of running shoe design. Here, we use an evolutionary perspective to analyze how key design features of running shoes alter the evolved biomechanics of the foot, creating a range of tradeoffs in force production and transmission that may affect performance and vulnerability to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yawar
- Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
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Gruber AH. The "impacts cause injury" hypothesis: Running in circles or making new strides? J Biomech 2023; 156:111694. [PMID: 37364393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Some of the earliest biomechanics research focused on running and the ground reaction forces generated with each step. Research in running gait accelerated in the 1970's as the growing popularity in running increased attention to the musculoskeletal injuries sustained by runners. Despite decades of high-quality research, running remains the most common cause of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries and rates of overuse running-related injuries (RRI) have not appreciably declined since the research began. One leading area of running gait research focuses on discrete variables derived from the vertical ground reaction force, such as the vertical loading rate. Across sub-disciplines of running gait research, vertical loading rate is often discussed as the primary and undisputed variable associated with RRI despite only low to moderate evidence that retrospectively or prospectively injured runners generate greater vertical loading rates than uninjured counterparts. The central thesis of this review is that relying on vertical loading rate is insufficient to establish causal mechanisms for RRI etiology. To present this argument, this review examines the history of the 'impacts cause injury' hypothesis, including a historical look at ground reaction forces in human running and the research from which this hypothesis was generated. Additionally, a synthesis of studies that have tested the hypothesis is provided and recommendations for future research are discussed. Although it is premature to reject or support the 'impacts cause injury' hypothesis, new knowledge of biomechanical risk factors for RRI will remain concealed until research departs from the current path or adopts new approaches to previous paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison H Gruber
- The H.H. Morris Human Performance Laboratories, Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
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Pairot de Fontenay B, Roy JS, Plemmons M, Willy R. Knee joint underloading does not evolve after a two-week reintroduction to running program after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 61:122-128. [PMID: 37023590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Knee underloading patterns have been reported mid- and long-term after return to running post-ACLR, but changes in these patterns during the reintroduction to running are unknown. We evaluated knee biomechanics in individuals within 6 months of ACL-R at the start and completion of a reintroduction to running program. DESIGN Longitudinal laboratory study. SETTING Three-dimensional running biomechanics during instrumented treadmill running. PARTICIPANTS 24 participants post-ACL-R with hamstring autograft and 24 healthy, matched controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Tibiofemoral joint (TFJ) and patellofemoral joint (PFJ) contact forces, peak knee extension moment and peak knee flexion angle. RESULTS Significant LIMB∗GROUP interactions (all p < 0.05) but no TIME effects were found. PFJ and TFJ contact forces, peak knee flexion angle and peak knee extensor moment were lower (all p < 0.001) on the injured-limb compared to both contralateral-limb and CONTROL. PFJ and TFJ contact forces and peak knee flexion, knee extension moment were greater (all p < 0.01) on the contralateral-limb of ACL-R compared to CONTROL. There was no change in knee biomechanics after two weeks of the reintroduction to running. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should be aware that substantial and persistent knee underloading does not resolve upon reintroduction to running after ACL-R. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Longitudinal observational study, level III.
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Burfield M, Sayers M, Buhmann R. The association between running volume and knee osteoarthritis prevalence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 61:1-10. [PMID: 36809693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
There is conflicting evidence regarding whether regular running is associated with knee osteoarthritis prevalence. Previous evidence reports lower knee osteoarthritis prevalence in recreational runners compared with professionals (with a higher training volume) and controls (who have a lower training volume). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if weekly running volume is associated with knee osteoarthritis prevalence. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus) were searched from earliest record to November 2021. Included studies must i) recruit participants who ran regularly and recorded weekly running volume; ii) include a control group (running <8 km per week); iii) record knee osteoarthritis prevalence (either by radiological imaging or self-reported diagnosis from a doctor or physiotherapist). Study bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Pooled effects were estimated using a random effects model. Odds ratios with 95% prediction and confidence intervals are reported. Nine observational case control studies with a total of 12,273 participants (1272 runners) were included in the meta-analysis. Most of the included studies were rated as having a very high (n = 2) or high (n = 3) risk of bias on the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. There was no difference in knee osteoarthritis prevalence between runners and controls (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.56 to 1.68). Runners undertaking 8-32.1 km (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.77 to 1.80), 32.2-48 km (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.48 to 2.31) or > 48 km per week (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.35 to 1.10) did not exhibit higher knee osteoarthritis prevalence compared with controls. It is unclear whether running volume is associated with increased knee osteoarthritis prevalence, future large-scale, high quality prospective studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Burfield
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Sayers
- School of Health and Behaviour Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia
| | - R Buhmann
- School of Health and Behaviour Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia.
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De Oliveira Silva D, Johnston RTR, Mentiplay BF, Haberfield MJ, Culvenor AG, Bruder AM, Semciw AI, Girdwood M, Pappalardo PJ, Briggs C, West TJ, Hill JP, Patterson BE, Barton CJ, Sritharan P, Alexander JL, Carey DL, Schache AG, Souza RB, Pedoia V, Oei EH, Warden SJ, Telles GF, King MG, Hedger MP, Hulett M, Crossley KM. Trajectory of knee health in runners with and without heightened osteoarthritis risk: the TRAIL prospective cohort study protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068040. [PMID: 36759025 PMCID: PMC9923264 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Running is one of the most popular recreational activities worldwide, due to its low cost and accessibility. However, little is known about the impact of running on knee joint health in runners with and without a history of knee surgery. The primary aim of this longitudinal cohort study is to compare knee joint structural features on MRI and knee symptoms at baseline and 4-year follow-up in runners with and without a history of knee surgery. Secondary aims are to explore the relationships between training load exposures (volume and/or intensity) and changes in knee joint structure and symptoms over 4 years; explore the relationship between baseline running biomechanics, and changes in knee joint structure and symptoms over 4 years. In addition, we will explore whether additional variables confound, modify or mediate these associations, including sex, baseline lower-limb functional performance, knee muscle strength, psychological and sociodemographic factors. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A convenience sample of at least 200 runners (sex/gender balanced) with (n=100) and without (n=100) a history of knee surgery will be recruited. Primary outcomes will be knee joint health (MRI) and knee symptoms (baseline; 4 years). Exposure variables for secondary outcomes include training load exposure, obtained daily throughout the study from wearable devices and three-dimensional running biomechanics (baseline). Additional variables include lower limb functional performance, knee extensor and flexor muscle strength, biomarkers, psychological and sociodemographic factors (baseline). Knowledge and beliefs about osteoarthritis will be obtained through predefined questions and semi-structured interviews with a subset of participants. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models, adjusting for potential confounding factors, will explore changes in knee joint structural features and symptoms, and the influence of potential modifiers and mediators. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Approved by the La Trobe University Ethics Committee (HEC-19524). Findings will be disseminated to stakeholders, peer-review journals and conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo De Oliveira Silva
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard T R Johnston
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin F Mentiplay
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa J Haberfield
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam G Culvenor
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea M Bruder
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam I Semciw
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Girdwood
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paula J Pappalardo
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Connie Briggs
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas J West
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua P Hill
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brooke E Patterson
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christian J Barton
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Podiatry and Prosthetics and Orthotics, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prasanna Sritharan
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James L Alexander
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - David L Carey
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony G Schache
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard B Souza
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imagining, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Valentina Pedoia
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imagining, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Edwin H Oei
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stuart J Warden
- Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Gustavo F Telles
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Rehabilitation Science Postgraduation Program, Augusto Motta University Centre, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matthew G King
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael P Hedger
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Hulett
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kay M Crossley
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre (LASEM), School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Australian International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Migliorini F, Marsilio E, Torsiello E, Pintore A, Oliva F, Maffulli N. Osteoarthritis in Athletes Versus Nonathletes: A Systematic Review. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2022; 30:78-86. [PMID: 35533058 DOI: 10.1097/jsa.0000000000000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Joint overload and sport-related injuries may accelerate the development of osteoarthritis (OA). A systematic review of the literature was performed to establish the risk of athletes to develop premature OA compared with nonathletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Google scholar, Embase, and Web of Science databases were accessed in June 2021. All the published clinical studies investigating OA onset in athletes versus nonathletes were considered. Studies reporting data on secondary and/or post-traumatic OA were excluded. RESULTS Data from 32 articles (20,288 patients) were retrieved. The mean age was 67.8±10.0 years and the mean body mass index was 25.0±2.5 kg/m2. 74% (6859 patients) of the athletes suffered from premature OA. Of them, 21% were active in soccer, 11% in handball, 11% in ice-hockey, 3% in football, and 0.3% in rugby. 26% of the athletes reported no significant differences in OA progression compared with healthy controls. Of these athletes, 47% were runners, 5% dancers, and 1% triathletes. CONCLUSION Certain sports, such as soccer, handball, ice-hockey, and rugby are more likely to be associated with premature knee and hip OA. Conversely, runners and ballet dancers do not evidence significant increase in OA. Moderate and recreational exposure to aerobic sports does not accelerate the development of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Clinic Aachen, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Emanuela Marsilio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Ernesto Torsiello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Andrea Pintore
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Francesco Oliva
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Faculty of Medicine, Stoke on Trent, England
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, London, England
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Zhang H, Shao Y, Yao Z, Liu L, Zhang H, Yin J, Xie H, Li K, Lai P, Zeng H, Xiao G, Zeng C, Cai D, Bai X. Mechanical overloading promotes chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis development through downregulating FBXW7. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:676-686. [PMID: 35058228 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of mechanical stress in cartilage ageing and identify the mechanistic association during osteoarthritis (OA) progression. METHODS F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7 (FBXW7) ubiquitin ligase expression and chondrocyte senescence were examined in vitro, in experimental OA mice and in human OA cartilage. Mice with Fbxw7 knockout in chondrocytes were generated and adenovirus-expressing Fbxw7 (AAV-Fbxw7) was injected intra-articularly in mice. Destabilised medial meniscus surgery was performed to induce OA. Cartilage damage was measured using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International score and the changes in chondrocyte senescence were determined. mRNA sequencing was performed in articular cartilage from Fbxw7 knockout and control mice. RESULTS Mechanical overloading accelerated senescence in cultured chondrocytes and in mice articular cartilage. FBXW7 was downregulated by mechanical overloading in primary chondrocytes and mice cartilage, and decreased in the cartilage of patients with OA, aged mice and OA mice. FBXW7 deletion in chondrocytes induced chondrocyte senescence and accelerated cartilage catabolism in mice, as manifested by an upregulation of p16INK4A, p21 and Colx and downregulation of Col2a1 and ACAN, which resulted in the exacerbation of OA. By contrast, intra-articular injection of adenovirus expressing Fbxw7 alleviated OA in mice. Mechanistically, mechanical overloading decreased Fbxw7 mRNA transcription and FBXW7-mediated MKK7 degradation, which consequently stimulated JNK signalling. In particular, inhibition of JNK activity by DTP3, a MKK7 inhibitor, ameliorated chondrocyte senescence and cartilage degeneration CONCLUSIONS: FBXW7 is a key factor in the association between mechanical overloading and chondrocyte senescence and cartilage ageing in the pathology of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zihao Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianbin Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyu Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pinglin Lai
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Joint Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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10
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Hori M, Terada M, Suga T, Isaka T. Changes in anterior femoral articular cartilage structure in collegiate rugby athletes with and without a history of traumatic knee joint injury following a five-month competitive season. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15186. [PMID: 34312456 PMCID: PMC8313691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94462-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine anterior femoral cartilage morphology before (pre-season) and after (post-season) a 5-month competitive season in collegiate ruby players with and without a previous history of traumatic injury to ligamentous, meniscus, and/or cartilage structures at the knee joint. Using a prospective cohort design, 42 male collegiate rugby players with a previous history of traumatic intracapsular knee joint injury and 124 players without knee injury history were included in this study. Ultrasonography assessments of anterior femoral cartilage were performed before (pre-season) and following a 5-month athletic season (post-season). Rugby players with a history of traumatic knee joint injury had greater lateral condylar thickness (2.37 ± 0.35 mm, p = 0.03), intercondylar thickness (2.51 ± 0.47 mm, p = 0.03), and partial area (44.67 ± 7.28mm2, p = 0.02) compared to control players (lateral = 2.23 ± 0.35 mm, intercondylar = 2.32 ± 0.47 mm, partial area = 41.60 ± 7.26 mm2), regardless of pre-and post-season assessment time points. Pre-season ultrasonography assessment of lateral condylar thickness (2.34 ± 0.47 mm, p = 0.02), medial condylar thickness (2.05 ± 0.43 mm, p = 0.03), and partial area (44.10 ± 9.23 mm2, p = 0.001) were significantly greater than the post-season ultrasonography assessment time point (lateral = 2.26 ± 0.43 mm, medial = 1.98 ± 0.43 mm, partial area = 42.17 ± 8.82 mm2), regardless of group membership. Rugby players with a history of intracapsular knee joint injury displayed altered anterior femoral cartilage size via ultrasonography assessments. Regardless of a presence of injury history, collegiate rugby players showed a decrease in cartilage thickness and partial area following a 5-month competitive season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Hori
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masafumi Terada
- College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Suga
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Tadao Isaka
- Graduate School of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.,College of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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11
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Sepp LA, Baum BS, Nelson-Wong E, Silverman AK. Hip Joint Contact Loading and Muscle Forces During Running With a Transtibial Amputation. J Biomech Eng 2021; 143:031012. [PMID: 33269790 DOI: 10.1115/1.4049227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
People with unilateral transtibial amputations (TTA) have greater risks of bilateral hip osteoarthritis, related to asymmetric biomechanics compared to people without TTA. Running is beneficial for physical health and is gaining popularity. However, people with TTA may not have access to running-specific prostheses (RSPs), which are designed for running, and may instead run using their daily-use prosthesis (DUP). Differences in joint loading may result from prosthesis choice; thus, it is important to characterize changes in peak and impulsive hip joint contact loading during running. Six people with and without TTA ran at 3.5 m/s while ground reaction forces, kinematics, and electromyography were collected. People with TTA ran using their own RSP and DUP. Musculoskeletal models incorporating prosthesis type of each individual were used to quantify individual muscle forces and hip joint contact forces (HJCFs) during running. People using RSPs had smaller bilateral peak hip joint contact forces compared to when wearing DUPs during stance and swing, and a smaller impulse over the entire gait cycle. Greater amputated leg peak hip joint contact forces for people wearing DUPs compared to RSPs occurred with greater forces from the ipsilateral gluteus maximus during stance. People with TTA also had greater bilateral peak hip joint contact forces during swing compared to people without TTA, which occurred with greater peak gluteus medius forces. Running with more compliant RSPs may be beneficial for long-term joint health by reducing peak and impulsive hip loading compared to DUPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Sepp
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401
| | - Brian S Baum
- School of Physical Therapy, Regis University, Denver, CO 80221
| | | | - Anne K Silverman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street Golden, Golden, CO 80401
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12
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Dong X, Li C, Liu J, Huang P, Jiang G, Zhang M, Zhang W, Zhang X. The effect of running on knee joint cartilage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 47:147-155. [PMID: 33279802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although running causes inevitable stress to the joints, data regarding its effect on the cartilage of the knee are conflicting. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of running on knee joint cartilage. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, SportDiscus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. The outcome indicators were cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), cartilage volume and thickness, and T2. RESULTS A total of two RCTs and 13 cohort studies were included. There was no significant difference in cartilage volume between the running and control groups (MD, -115.88 U/I; 95% CI, -320.03 to 88.27; p = 0.27). However, running would decrease cartilage thickness (MD, -0.09 mm; 95%CI, -0.18 to -0.01; p = 0.03) and T2 (MD, -2.78 ms; 95% CI, -4.12 to -1.45; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that COMP immediately or at 0.5 h after running was significantly increased, but there were no significant changes at 1 h or 2 h. CONCLUSIONS Running has advantages in promoting nutrition penetrating into the cartilage as well as squeezing out the metabolic substance, such as water. Our study found that running had a short-term adverse effect on COMP and did not affect cartilage volume or thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Dong
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China
| | - Canfeng Li
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China
| | - Jiyi Liu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China
| | - Pengzhou Huang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China
| | - Guanwei Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China
| | - Xintao Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, PR China.
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13
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McClinton SM, Cobian DG, Heiderscheit BC. Physical Therapist Management of Anterior Knee Pain. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med 2020; 13:776-787. [PMID: 33128200 PMCID: PMC7661565 DOI: 10.1007/s12178-020-09678-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anterior knee pain is a common musculoskeletal complaint among people of all ages and activity levels. Non-operative approaches with an emphasis on physical therapy management are the recommended initial course of care. The purpose of this review is to describe the current evidence for physical therapist management of anterior knee pain with consideration of biomechanical and psychosocial factors. RECENT FINDINGS The latest research suggests anterior knee pain is a combination of biomechanical, neuromuscular, behavioral, and psychological factors. Education strategies to improve the patient's understanding of the condition and manage pain are supported by research. Strong evidence continues to support the primary role of exercise therapy and load progression to achieve long-term improvements in pain and function. Preliminary studies suggest blood flow restriction therapy and movement retraining may be useful adjunct techniques but require further well-designed studies. Anterior knee pain includes multiple conditions with patellofemoral pain being the most common. An insidious onset is typical and often attributed to changes in activity and underlying neuromuscular impairments. A thorough clinical history and physical examination aim to identify the patient's pain beliefs and behaviors, movement faults, and muscle performance that will guide treatment recommendations. Successful physical therapist management involves a combination of individualized patient education, pain management, and load control and progression, with an emphasis on exercise therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane M. McClinton
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA USA
| | - Daniel G. Cobian
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Bryan C. Heiderscheit
- Departments of Orthopedics & Rehabilitation and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
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14
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Miller RH, Krupenevich RL. Medial knee cartilage is unlikely to withstand a lifetime of running without positive adaptation: a theoretical biomechanical model of failure phenomena. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9676. [PMID: 32844066 PMCID: PMC7414768 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Runners on average do not have a high risk of developing knee osteoarthritis, even though running places very high loads on the knee joint. Here we used gait analysis, musculoskeletal modeling, and a discrete-element model of knee contact mechanics to estimate strains of the medial knee cartilage in walking and running in 22 young adults (age 23 ± 3 years). A phenomenological model of cartilage damage, repair, and adaptation in response to these strains then estimated the failure probability of the medial knee cartilage over an adult lifespan (age 23-83 years) for 6 km/day of walking vs. walking and running 3 km/day each. With no running, by age 55 the cumulative probability of medial knee cartilage failure averaged 36% without repair and 13% with repair, similar to reports on incidence of knee osteoarthritis in non-obese adults with no knee injuries, but the probability for running was very high without repair or adaptation (98%) and remained high after including repair (95%). Adaptation of the cartilage compressive modulus, cartilage thickness, and the tibiofemoral bone congruence in response to running (+1.15 standard deviations of their baseline values) was necessary for the failure probability of walking and running 3 km/day each to equal the failure probability of walking 6 km/day. The model results suggest two conclusions for further testing: (i) unlike previous findings on the load per unit distance, damage per unit distance on the medial knee cartilage is greater in running vs. walking, refuting the "cumulative load" hypothesis for long-term joint health; (ii) medial knee cartilage is unlikely to withstand a lifetime of mechanical loading from running without a natural adaptation process, supporting the "cartilage conditioning" hypothesis for long-term joint health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross H Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America.,Neuroscience & Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Rebecca L Krupenevich
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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15
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Wasser JG, Acasio JC, Hendershot BD, Miller RH. Single-leg forward hopping exposures adversely affect knee joint health among persons with unilateral lower limb loss: A predictive model. J Biomech 2020; 109:109941. [PMID: 32807307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Single-leg hopping is an atypical, yet convenient, method of ambulation for individuals who have sustained unilateral lower limb-loss. Hopping is generally discouraged by therapists but many patients report hopping, and the potential deleterious effects of frequent hopping on knee joint health remains unclear. Mechanical fatigue due to repeated exposures to increased or abnormal loading on the intact limb is thought to be a primary contributor to the high prevalence of knee osteoarthritis among individuals with unilateral lower limb amputation. We aimed to compare knee joint mechanics between single-leg hopping and walking at self-selected paces among individuals with unilateral lower limb-loss, and estimated the associated probability of knee cartilage failure. Thirty-two males with traumatic unilateral lower limb-loss (22 transtibial, 10 transfemoral) hopped and walked at a self-selected pace along a 15-m walkway. Peak knee moments were input to a phenomenological model of cartilage fatigue to estimate the damage and long-term failure probability of the medial knee cartilage when hopping vs. walking. We estimate that each hop accumulates as much damage as at least 8 strides of walking (p < 0.001), and each meter of hopping accumulates as much damage as at least 12 m of walking (p < 0.001). The 30-year failure probability of the medial knee cartilage exceeded a "coin-flip" chance (50%) when performing more than 197 hops per day. Although a convenient mode of ambulation for persons with unilateral lower limb-loss, to mitigate risk for knee osteoarthritis it is advisable to minimize exposure to single-leg forward hopping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Wasser
- Research and Development Section, Department of Rehabilitation, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julian C Acasio
- Research and Development Section, Department of Rehabilitation, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation, for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brad D Hendershot
- Research and Development Section, Department of Rehabilitation, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA; DoD-VA Extremity Trauma & Amputation Center of Excellence, USA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ross H Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Neuroscience & Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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16
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Seeley MK, Evans-Pickett A, Collins GQ, Tracy JB, Tuttle NJ, Rosquist PG, Merrell AJ, Christensen WF, Fullwood DT, Bowden AE. Predicting vertical ground reaction force during running using novel piezoresponsive sensors and accelerometry. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:1844-1858. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1757361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K. Seeley
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | - Gavin Q. Collins
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - James B. Tracy
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Noelle J. Tuttle
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Parker G. Rosquist
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - A. Jake Merrell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | - David T. Fullwood
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Anton E. Bowden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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17
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Sepp LA, Baum BS, Nelson-Wong E, Silverman AK. Joint work and ground reaction forces during running with daily-use and running-specific prostheses. J Biomech 2020; 101:109629. [PMID: 32008807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some individuals with a transtibial amputation (TTA) may not have access to running-specific prostheses and therefore choose to run using their daily-use prosthesis. Unlike running-specific prostheses, daily-use prostheses are not designed for running and may result in biomechanical differences that influence injury risk. To investigate these potential differences, we assessed the effect of amputation, prosthesis type, and running speed on joint work and ground reaction forces. 13 people with and without a unilateral TTA ran at speeds ranging from 2.5 m/s to 5.0 m/s. People with TTA ran using their own daily-use and running-specific prostheses. Body kinematics and ground reaction forces were collected and used to compute joint work. People with TTA had smaller peak braking, propulsive and medial/lateral ground reaction forces from the amputated leg compared to people without TTA. People wearing running-specific prostheses had smaller peak amputated leg vertical ground reaction forces compared to daily-use prostheses at speeds above 3.5 m/s. Medial/lateral forces were also smaller in running-specific prostheses, which may present balance challenges when running on varied terrain. Running-specific prostheses stored and returned more energy and provided greater propulsion, resulting in more similar positive hip work between legs compared to daily-use prostheses. Increases in positive hip work, but not device work, highlight the importance of the hip in increasing running speed. Running-specific devices may be beneficial for joint health at running-speeds above 3.5 m/s and provide advantages in propulsion and energy return at all speeds compared to daily-use prostheses, helping people with TTA achieve faster running speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Sepp
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines Golden, CO 80401, United States
| | - Brian S Baum
- School of Physical Therapy Regis University Denver, CO 80221, United States
| | - Erika Nelson-Wong
- School of Physical Therapy Regis University Denver, CO 80221, United States
| | - Anne K Silverman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines Golden, CO 80401, United States.
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18
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Du G, Li L, Zhang X, Liu J, Hao J, Zhu J, Wu H, Chen W, Zhang Q. Roles of TRPV4 and piezo channels in stretch-evoked Ca 2+ response in chondrocytes. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:180-189. [PMID: 31791130 PMCID: PMC7045327 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219892601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte mechanotransduction is not well understood, but recently, it has been proposed that mechanically activated ion channels such as transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), Piezo1, and Piezo2 are of functional importance in chondrocyte mechanotransduction. The aim of this study was to distinguish the potential contributions of TRPV4, Piezo1, and Piezo2 in transducing different intensities of repetitive mechanical stimulus in chondrocytes. To study this, TRPV4-, Piezo1-, or Piezo2-specific siRNAs were transfected into cultured primary chondrocytes to knock down (KD) TRPV4, Piezo1, or Piezo2 expression, designated TRPV4-KD, Piezo1-KD, or Piezo2-KD cells. Then we used Flexcell® Tension System to apply cyclic tensile strains (CTS) of 3% to 18% at 0.5 Hz for 8 h to the knockdown and control siRNA-treated cells. Finally, using a Ca2+ imaging system, stretch-evoked intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i ) influx in chondrocytes was examined to investigate the roles of TRPV4, Piezo1, and Piezo2 in Ca2+ signaling in response to different intensities of repetitive mechanical stretch stimulation. The characteristics of [Ca2+]i in chondrocytes evoked by stretch stimulation were stretch intensity dependent when comparing unstretched cells. In addition, stretch-evoked [Ca2+]i changes were significantly suppressed in TRPV4-KD, Piezo1-KD, or Piezo2-KD cells compared with control siRNA-treated cells, indicating that any channel essential for Ca2+ signaling induced by stretch stimulation in chondrocytes. Of note, they played different roles in calcium oscillation induced by different intensities of stretch stimulation. More specifically, TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ signaling played a central role in the response of chondrocytes to physiologic levels of strain (3% and 8% of strain), while Piezo2-mediated Ca2+ signaling played a central role in the response of chondrocytes to injurious levels of strain (18% of strain). These results provide a basis for further examination of mechanotransduction in cartilage and raise a possibility of therapeutically targeting Piezo2-mediated mechanotransduction for the treatment of cartilage disease induced by repetitive mechanical forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genlai Du
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xinwang Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jianbing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jianqing Hao
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jianjun Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Weiyi Chen
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Quanyou Zhang
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Taiyuan 030001, China
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19
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Karanfil Y, Babayeva N, Dönmez G, Diren HB, Eryılmaz M, Doral MN, Korkusuz F. Thirty Minutes of Running Exercise Decreases T2 Signal Intensity but Not Thickness of the Knee Joint Cartilage: A 3.0-T Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Cartilage 2019; 10:444-450. [PMID: 29676169 PMCID: PMC6755866 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518770246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies showed a potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which can be used as an additional tool for diagnosing cartilage degeneration in the early stage. We designed a cross-sectional study in order to evaluate knee joint cartilage adaptation to running, using 3.0-T MRI equipped with the 3-dimensional turbo spin echo (VISTA = Volume ISotropic Turbo spin echo Acquisition) software. By this thickness (mm) and signal intensity (mean pixel value) can be quantified, which could be closely related to the fluid content of the knee joint cartilage, before and after running. METHODS A total of 22 males, aged 18 to 35 years, dominant (right) and nondominant (left) knees were assessed before and after 30 minutes of running. Cartilage thickness and signal intensity of surfaces of the patella, medial and lateral femoral and tibial condyles were measured. RESULTS Cartilage thickness of the lateral condyle decreased at the dominant knee, while it increased at the medial tibial plateau. Signal intensity decreased at all locations, except the lateral patella in both knees. The most obvious decrease in signal intensity (10.6%) was at the medial tibial plateau from 949.8 to 849.0 of the dominant knee. CONCLUSION There was an increase in thickness measurements and decrease in signal intensity in medial tibial plateau of the dominant knee after 30 minutes of running. This outcome could be related to fluid outflow from the tissue. Greater reductions in the medial tibial plateau cartilage indicate greater load sharing by these areas of the joint during a 30-minute running.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naila Babayeva
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gürhan Dönmez
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - H. Barış Diren
- Department of Radiology, Medicana International Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mahmut Nedim Doral
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Feza Korkusuz
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey,Feza Korkusuz, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Hastaneleri, Spor Hekimliği AD, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
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20
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Gessel T, Harrast MA. Running Dose and Risk of Developing Lower-Extremity Osteoarthritis. Curr Sports Med Rep 2019; 18:201-209. [PMID: 31385835 DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Whether or not running leads to the development of knee and hip osteoarthritis has been a much-debated topic and is often a question patients pose to their physicians. Recent literature adds to a growing body of evidence suggesting that lower-dose running may be protective against the development of osteoarthritis, whereas higher-dose running may increase one's risk of developing lower-extremity osteoarthritis. However, running dose remains challenging to define, leading to difficulty in providing firm recommendations to patients regarding the degree of running which may be safe. Furthermore, when counseling patients regarding their risk of developing lower-extremity osteoarthritis secondary to running, clinicians must consider many additional factors, such as the numerous health benefits from running and individual risk factors for developing osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Gessel
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
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Trudeau MB, Willwacher S, Weir G, Rohr E, Ertel C, Bruggemann GP, Hamill J. A novel method for estimating an individual’s deviation from their habitual motion path when running. FOOTWEAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2019.1615004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Steffen Willwacher
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sports University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gillian Weir
- Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Eric Rohr
- Brooks Running Inc, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Gert-Peter Bruggemann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sports University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joseph Hamill
- Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
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22
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Yao Z, Chen P, Wang S, Deng G, Hu Y, Lin Q, Zhang X, Yu B. Reduced PDGF-AA in subchondral bone leads to articular cartilage degeneration after strenuous running. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17946-17958. [PMID: 30834523 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To identify the effects of running on articular cartilage and subchondral bone remodeling, C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, moderate-, and strenuous running. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bone marrow lesions in the knee subchondral bone in the strenuous-running group in contrast with the other two groups. The microcomputed tomography analysis showed promoted bone formation in the subchondral bone in mice subjected to strenuous running. Histological and immunohistochemistry results indicated that terminal differentiation of chondrocytes and degeneration of articular cartilage were enhanced but, synthesis of platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA) in the subchondral bone was suppressed after strenuous running. In vitro, excessive mechanical treatments suppressed the expression of PDGF-AA in osteoblasts, and the condition medium from mechanical-treated osteoblasts stimulated maturation and terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. These results indicate that strenuous running suppresses the synthesis of PDGF-AA in subchondral bone, leading to downregulated PDGF/Akt signal in articular cartilage and thus cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peisheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganming Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Southern Medical University Affiliated Shenzhen Baoan Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingrong Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianrong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The Master runner (age 35 y and above) represents a unique athletic patient. Lifelong participation in endurance running slows the inevitable age-related decline in aerobic function and muscular strength. Still, the Master runner does not escape the inevitable effects of aging. Master runners experience a steady decline in running performance, that is, typical and maximal running speeds, after the age of 50 years of age. Age-related declines in running performance are driven by a host of factors, including declining cardiovascular function, reduced muscular capacity, altered biomechanics, and greater susceptibility to running-related injury. This review discusses age-related changes in physiology, biomechanics, and running injury susceptibility and practical strategies to maximize running participation in the Master runner.
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SCHACHE ANTHONYG, LIN YICHUNG, CROSSLEY KAYM, PANDY MARCUSG. Is Running Better than Walking for Reducing Hip Joint Loads? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018; 50:2301-2310. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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What are the perceptions about running and knee joint health among the public and healthcare practitioners in Canada? PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204872. [PMID: 30273410 PMCID: PMC6166953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the perceptions of the general public and healthcare practitioners (HCP) in Canada about the relationship between running and knee joint health, and to explore HCP`s usual recommendations to runners with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods Non-runners and runners (with and without KOA) and HCP completed an online survey regarding the safety of running for knee joint health. HCP also provided information related to usual clinical recommendations. Proportions of agreement were compared between non-runners and runners. Results A total of 114 non-runners, 388 runners and 329 HCP completed the survey. Overall, running was perceived as detrimental for the knee joint by 13.1% of the general public, while 25.9% were uncertain. More uncertainty was reported regarding frequent (33.9%) and long-distance (43.6%) running. Statistical analyses revealed greater proportions of non-runners perceiving running negatively compared with runners. Overall, 48.4% believed that running in the presence of KOA would lead to disease progression, while 53.1% believed running would lead to premature arthroplasty. In HCP, 8.2%, 9.1% and 22.2% perceived that running in general, running frequently, or running long-distances are risk factors for KOA, respectively. 37.1% and 2.7% of HCP typically recommended patients with KOA to modify their running training or to quit running, respectively. Conclusion High rates of uncertainty among the general public and HCP in Canada outline the need for further studies about running and knee joint health. Filling knowledge gaps will help inform knowledge translation strategies to better orientate the general public and HCP about the safety of running for knee joint health.
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Kiernan D, Hawkins DA, Manoukian MAC, McKallip M, Oelsner L, Caskey CF, Coolbaugh CL. Accelerometer-based prediction of running injury in National Collegiate Athletic Association track athletes. J Biomech 2018; 73:201-209. [PMID: 29699823 PMCID: PMC6561647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Running-related injuries (RRI) may result from accumulated microtrauma caused by combinations of high load magnitudes (vertical ground reaction forces; vGRFs) and numbers (strides). Yet relationships between vGRF and RRI remain unclear - potentially because previous research has largely been constrained to collecting vGRFs in laboratory settings and ignoring relationships between RRI and stride number. In this preliminary proof-of-concept study, we addressed these constraints: Over a 60-day period, each time collegiate athletes (n = 9) ran they wore a hip-mounted activity monitor that collected accelerations throughout the entire run. Accelerations were used to estimate peak vGRF, number of strides, and weighted cumulative loading (sum of peak vGRFs weighted to the 9th power) across the entirety of each run. Runners also reported their post-training pain/fatigue and any RRI that prevented training. Across 419 runs and >2.1 million strides, injured (n = 3) and uninjured (n = 6) participants did not report significantly different pain/fatigue (p = 0.56) or mean number of strides per run (p = 0.91). Injured participants did, however, have significantly greater peak vGRFs (p = 0.01) and weighted cumulative loading per run (p < 0.01). Results from this small but extensively studied sample of elite runners demonstrate that loading profiles (load magnitude-number combinations) quantified with activity monitors can provide valuable information that may prove essential for: (1) testing hypotheses regarding overuse injury mechanisms, (2) developing injury-prediction models, and (3) designing and adjusting athlete- and loading-specific training programs and feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dovin Kiernan
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, United States
| | - David A Hawkins
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, United States; Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior, University of California Davis, United States.
| | - Martin A C Manoukian
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior, University of California Davis, United States
| | - Madeline McKallip
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, & Behavior, University of California Davis, United States
| | - Laura Oelsner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, United States
| | - Charles F Caskey
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, United States
| | - Crystal L Coolbaugh
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, United States
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Individuals with varus thrust do not increase knee adduction when running with body borne load. J Biomech 2018; 69:97-102. [PMID: 29361275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common occupational hazard for service members. This study quantified how body borne load impacts knee biomechanics for participants who do and do not present varus thrust (range of knee adduction motion exhibited from heel strike to mid-stance (0-51%)) during over-ground running. Eighteen (9 varus thrust and 9 control) military personnel had knee biomechanics recorded when running with three load conditions (light, ∼6 kg, medium, 15% BW, and heavy, 30% BW). Subject-based means for knee biomechanics were calculated and submitted to a RM ANOVA to test the main effects and possible interactions between load and varus thrust group. The varus thrust group exhibited greater varus thrust (p = .001) and peak stance (PS, 0-100%) knee adduction (p = .009) posture compared to the control group with the light load, but not for the medium (p = .741 and p = .825) or heavy loads (p = .142 and p = .429). With the heavy load, varus thrust group reduced varus thrust (p = .023), whereas, the control group increased varus thrust (p = .037) compared to the light load, and increased PS knee adduction moment compared to light (p = .006) and medium loads (p = .031). The varus thrust group, however, exhibited no significant difference in knee adduction moment between any load (p = .174). With the addition of body borne load, varus thrust participants exhibited a significant reduction in knee biomechanics related to OA; whereas, control participants adopted knee biomechanics, including greater varus thrust and knee adduction moment, related to the development of OA.
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Grazina R, Andrade R, Bastos R, Costa D, Pereira R, Marinhas J, Maestro A, Espregueira-Mendes J. Clinical Management in Early OA. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1059:111-135. [PMID: 29736571 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76735-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis affects an important percentage of the population throughout their life. Several factors seem to be related to the development of knee osteoarthritis including genetic predisposition, gender, age, meniscal deficiency, lower limb malalignments, joint instability, cartilage defects, and increasing sports participation. The latter has contributed to a higher prevalence of early onset of knee osteoarthritis at younger ages with this active population demanding more consistent and durable outcomes. The diagnosis is complex and the common signs and symptoms are often cloaked at these early stages. Classification systems have been developed and are based on the presence of knee pain and radiographic findings coupled with magnetic resonance or arthroscopic evidence of early joint degeneration. Nonsurgical treatment is often the first-line option and is mainly based on daily life adaptations, weight loss, and exercise, with pharmacological agents having only a symptomatic role. Surgical treatment shows positive results in relieving the joint symptomatology, increasing the knee function and delaying the development to further degenerative stages. Biologic therapies are an emerging field showing early promising results; however, further high-level research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Grazina
- Orthopaedic Surgery at Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho E.P.E, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Renato Andrade
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal.,Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Bastos
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal.,Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal.,Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi/Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniela Costa
- SMIC Dragão - Serviço Médico de Imagem Computorizada, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rogério Pereira
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Marinhas
- Orthopaedic Surgery at Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho E.P.E, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.,Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal.,Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal
| | - António Maestro
- Real Sporting de Gijón SAD, Gijón, Spain.,FREMAP Mutua de Accidentes, Gijón, Spain
| | - João Espregueira-Mendes
- Clínica do Dragão, Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre - FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Porto, Portugal. .,Dom Henrique Research Centre, Porto, Portugal. .,Orthopaedics Department of Minho University, Minho, Portugal. .,3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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Kiningham RB. Latest Clinical Research Published by ACSM. Curr Sports Med Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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