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Hopkins C, Graham B, Donnelly B, Robertson A, Strange J. Adolescent track and field injuries presenting to US emergency departments. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2024; 52:349-354. [PMID: 37738218 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2023.2263195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Track and field (T&F) is a highly popular sport for adolescents. The diversity of running, jumping, and throwing events within the sport can result in unique injury patterns for adolescent track and field participants. The purpose of this study was to estimate injury risk in adolescent T&F and describe the types of injuries resulting in ED visits, classified by T&F events. METHODS Emergency department (ED) data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System were obtained for a 20-year period from 2000 through 2019. Cases involving 14- to 18-year-olds participating in T&F were classified by sex, case severity, involved body region, and the T&F event patients were engaged in at the time of their injury. National estimates and Injury rates were calculated using national high school T&F participation data. Longitudinal trends in ED visits were measured using linear regression. Rate ratios (RRs) were used to compare the risk and severity of ED visits by sex. RESULTS 8,060 track and field related ED encounters were observed, representing an estimated 272,227 encounters nationally over the 20-year study period. The rate of ED encounters increased significantly over the study period (p < 0.001). Adolescent females exhibited a higher rate of ED encounters (RR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.22-1.24), but a lower rate of hospital admissions (RR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.64-0.73) compared to males. The lower extremity was the most commonly injured body region for most T&F events, but this differed for sprinting, high jumping, shot put, and javelin events. Most T&F events resulted in unique injury patterns characteristic of their athletic demands. CONCLUSIONS There was an increasing trend of ED visits from adolescent T&F participants throughout the 20-year study period with different injury patterns observed by sex and T&F event discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Hopkins
- Furman University, Department of Health Sciences, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Bethany Graham
- Furman University, Department of Health Sciences, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Beth Donnelly
- Furman University, Department of Health Sciences, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Abigail Robertson
- Furman University, Department of Health Sciences, Greenville, SC, USA
| | - Jonna Strange
- Furman University, Department of Health Sciences, Greenville, SC, USA
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Carretti G, Spano F, Sgambati E, Manetti M, Marini M. Adapted Training to Boost Upper Body Sensorimotor Control and Daily Living Functionality in Visually Impaired Baseball Players. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1136. [PMID: 39064565 PMCID: PMC11279096 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Vision significantly contributes to postural control, balance, coordination, and body kinematics, thus deeply influencing everyday functionality. Sight-impaired subjects often show upper body anatomofunctional and kinetic chain alterations negatively impacting daily living efficiency and autonomy. The present study aimed to investigate and train, for the first time, upper body sensorimotor control in an Italian blind baseball team to boost global and segmental functionality while contemporarily prevent injuries. Materials and Methods: The whole team underwent a validated test battery using both quantitative traditional tools, such as goniometric active range of motion and muscular/functional tests, and an innovative biofeedback-based device, a Libra proprioceptive board. Consequently, a 6-week adapted training protocol was designed and leaded to improve sensorimotor control and, hence, counteract disability-related deficits and sport-specific overuse syndromes. Results: Statistically significant improvements were observed in all the investigated parameters. Noteworthy, an overall boost of global and segmental stability was detected through an orthostatic dynamic balance enhancement during the Y Balance test (p = 0.01) and trunk multiplanar control improvement on the Libra board (p = 0.01). Concurrently, the comparison of baseline vs. post-intervention outcomes revealed a consistent increase in upper body mobility (p < 0.05 for all the assessed districts), core recruitment (p = 0.01 for all the administered functional tests), and proprioceptive postural control (p = 0.01 for the Libra board validated test). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a tailored sensorimotor training, conceived and led by an adapted physical activity kinesiologist, may effectively improve upper body functional prerequisites and global proprioceptive control, thus potentially promoting autonomy, quality of life, and physical activity/sport practice adherence in visually impaired individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Carretti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesca Spano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Eleonora Sgambati
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Mirca Marini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.); (M.M.)
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Rhim HC, Afifi T, Xu RF, Noble-Taylor K, Gureck AE, Barrack MT, Rauh MJ, Tenforde AS. Epidemiology of injuries in U.S. high school track and field throwing events from 2008 to 2019. PM R 2024. [PMID: 38818973 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury characteristics of high school track and field throwing athletes in the United States are not well studied. Understanding epidemiology of injuries is important to identify treatment and prevention strategies. OBJECTIVE To describe injury rates and patterns in U.S. high school track and field throwing events from a longitudinal national sports injury surveillance system. DESIGN Descriptive epidemiology study. SETTING Data were provided by the National High School Sports Related Injury Surveillance System, High School RIO (Reporting Information Online). METHODS Athletic trainers reported injury and exposure data through the High School RIO website on a weekly basis. An athlete exposure (AE) was defined as one athlete participating in one school-sanctioned practice or competition. Throwing events of discus, shot put, and javelin were analyzed in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Injury rate, rate ratios (RR), injury proportion ratios (IPR). PARTICIPANTS U.S. high school athletes. RESULTS A total of 267 track and field throwing injuries occurred during 5,486,279 AEs. Overall, the rate of injuries in competition was higher than in practice (RR 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.80). In practice, the rate of injuries was higher for girls than boys (RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.12-2.08). The most frequently injured body part was the shoulder (21.7%), followed by the ankle (16.5%) and knee (12.0%). The most common types of injury were muscle strains (26.14%) and ligament sprains (25%). Recurrent injuries accounted for a higher proportion of chronic injuries compared to new injuries (IPR 1.85, 95% CI 1.16-2.97). CONCLUSION This study described injury characteristics of high school track and field throwing athletes from 2008 to 2019. Based on our results, injury prevention may be particularly important for female throwers with prior injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Chang Rhim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Foot & Ankle Research and Innovation Lab (FARIL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Toqa Afifi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raylin F Xu
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kayle Noble-Taylor
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, USA
| | - Ashley E Gureck
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle T Barrack
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Mitchell J Rauh
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Adam S Tenforde
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School/Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Carretti G, Bianco R, Sgambati E, Manetti M, Marini M. Reactive Agility and Pitching Performance Improvement in Visually Impaired Competitive Italian Baseball Players: An Innovative Training and Evaluation Proposal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6166. [PMID: 37372753 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Visual input significantly affects kinesthesis skills and, hence, visually impaired individuals show less developed sensorimotor control, especially in an unfamiliar outdoor environment. Regular blind baseball practice can counteract such a deficit but, given the complex kinetic chain model required, a targeted workout proposal is needed to improve the main athletic gesture performance. On these premises, we investigated, for the first time, the running and pitching performance of a competitive Italian blind baseball team through quantitative tools and parameters such as Libra Easytech sensorized proprioceptive board, goniometric active range of motion, chronometric speed, and pitching linear length. Moreover, the perceived physical exertion was assessed by the Borg CR10 scale. Consequently, an adapted athletic training protocol was designed and tested on the field during the competitive season, with the aim to strengthen sport specific-gesture coordination and efficacy as well as to prevent injuries. Quantitative assessments showed an improvement in ankle stability index, bilateral upper limb and hip mobility, reactive agility, running braking phase control during second base approaching, and auditory target-related pitching accuracy along with a decrease in perceived physical exertion. This protocol might therefore represent an effective and easily reproducible training and evaluation approach to tailor management of visually impaired baseball players, and safely improve their athletic performance under the supervision of an adapted exercise specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Carretti
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Raffaele Bianco
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sgambati
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Mirca Marini
- Section of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
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Kinematic Diagnosis of Throwing Motion of the Chinese Elite Female Discus Athletes Who Are Preparing for the Tokyo Olympic Games. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:3334225. [PMID: 36193408 PMCID: PMC9526551 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3334225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the difference of kinematic skill characteristics between the Chinese and world elite female discus athletes. We used the methods of literature, three-dimensional video analysis, and mathematical statistics to compare and analyze the differences of some kinematic parameters between the three Chinese female discus athletes and four world female discus athletes. The result shows that the speed of discus release of the Chinese elite female discus athletes is lower (p < 0.05) than that of the world elite female discus athletes. Compared to the world elite female discus athletes, the height of release is higher (p < 0.05). But there was no significant difference in the angle of release (p > 0.05), rotation rhythm (p > 0.05), and discus speed increment (p > 0.05) in different stages during the throwing procedure from double support stage to delivery stage. The results may provide reference for the special technique training of the Chinese female discus throwers, so as to improve the discus throwing level of Chinese women.
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Hadley CJ, Rao S, Erickson BJ, Cohen SB, Dodson CC, Ciccotti MG, Romeo AA. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction in javelin throwers: an analysis of return to play rates and patient outcomes. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2022; 31:488-494. [PMID: 34687920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although results after ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) in baseball players have been well documented, the literature is replete regarding the outcomes after UCLR in javelin throwers. PURPOSE To report outcomes after UCLR in javelin throwers. HYPOTHESIS UCLR in javelin throwers will result in a high rate of return to play similar to that of previously published studies from athletes of other sports. METHODS All patients who were identified preoperatively as javelin throwers and underwent UCLR between 2011 and 2017 with a minimum 2-year follow-up were eligible for inclusion. Patients were assessed with the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow score, Timmerman-Andrews Elbow score, Conway-Jobe score, patient satisfaction, return to sport rate questionnaire, and the occurrence of any postoperative complications. RESULTS Eighteen patients met the inclusion criteria. Complete follow-up was available in 16 (88.9%) patients. The average age at surgery was 21.2 ± 2.0 (range, 18.6-24.9) years. At the final follow-up, the average Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic Shoulder and Elbow score and Timmerman-Andrews Elbow score were 77.3 (range, 18.7-98.4) and 91.8 (range, 70.0-100.0), respectively. Outcomes on the Conway-Jobe scale were as follows: excellent (n = 6; 37.5%), good (n = 4; 25%), fair (n = 6; 37.5%). Ten (62.5%) patients returned to play at an average of 12.2 ± 3.6 (range, 6.0-18.0) months after surgery. Two (12.5%) patients sustained a shoulder injury postoperatively; however, neither required surgery. CONCLUSION UCLR in javelin throwers results in good outcomes with a low rate of reinjury/reoperation. However, the return to play rate (62.5%) and good/excellent outcomes per the Conway-Jobe scale (68.8%) are lower than what has been previously reported in baseball players and javelin throwers. Further investigation regarding outcomes in javelin throwers after UCLR is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Somnath Rao
- Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Anthony A Romeo
- Shoulder, Elbow, Sports Surgery, Dupage Medical Group, Downers Grove, IL, USA
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Lambert C, Reinert N, Stahl L, Pfeiffer T, Wolfarth B, Lachmann D, Shafizadeh S, Ritzmann R. Epidemiology of injuries in track and field athletes: a cross-sectional study of specific injuries based on time loss and reduction in sporting level. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2022; 50:20-29. [PMID: 33290132 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2020.1858701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To prevent the occurrence of injury in a sport, exact knowledge of injury patterns is needed. To synthesize sport-specific injuries in track and field comparing elite and recreational level athletes, as well as gender. Furthermore, analyze the time loss due to injury and reduction in athletic performance. METHODS Injury type-specific frequencies were recorded according to discipline, gender and performance level. Injury severity was assessed by time loss duration and performance reduction. RESULTS 64% of athletes suffered at least one injury. In the top 10 ranking, 83% (n = 524) were located in the lower extremities. A muscle strain of the thigh had the highest prevalence in sprint (34%, n = 41), jump (15%, n = 15) and middle-distance running (16%, n = 6). More injuries occurred during training (75%, n = 165) as compared to competition (25%, n = 56). The longest time loss was documented in throwing with a downtime of 36 weeks after a ligament injury of the elbow and 39 weeks after a muscle injury of the elbow. The injury with the highest number of athletes with a reduced level of performance was the foot ligament injury in sprint athletes at 100%. CONCLUSION Assessing time loss and performance reduction in athletics, there are discipline-specific injury patterns. This study points out the high prevalence of training injuries, highlighting the need for future investigations to adapt training management, improve medical care and rehabilitation with respect to every discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Lambert
- Department of Experimental Sports Traumatology, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne Merheim Medical Centre, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Biomechanics and Performance Diagnostics, Praxisklinik Rennbahn AG, Muttenz, Switzerland.,Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne Merheim Medical Centre, Cologne, Germany
| | - Noémie Reinert
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Linda Stahl
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Sana Dreifaltigkeits-Krankenhaus Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Pfeiffer
- Department of Experimental Sports Traumatology, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne Merheim Medical Centre, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernd Wolfarth
- Department of Sports Sciences, Division of Sports Medicine, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Lachmann
- Vice-Rectorate for Teaching and Studies Central Evaluation of Studies and Teaching, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sven Shafizadeh
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Sports Traumatology, Sana Dreifaltigkeits-Krankenhaus Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ramona Ritzmann
- Department of Biomechanics and Performance Diagnostics, Praxisklinik Rennbahn AG, Muttenz, Switzerland
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Hopkins C, Williams J, Rauh MJ, Zhang L. Epidemiology of NCAA Track and Field Injuries From 2010 to 2014. Orthop J Sports Med 2022; 10:23259671211068079. [PMID: 35111863 PMCID: PMC8801656 DOI: 10.1177/23259671211068079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Track and field (T&F) athletes compete in a variety of events that require different skills and training characteristics. Descriptive epidemiology studies often fail to describe event-specific injury patterns. Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) T&F by sex, setting (practice vs competition), and time of season (indoor vs outdoor) and to compare injury patterns by events within the sport. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Data were obtained from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program for all indoor and outdoor T&F injuries during the academic years 2009-2010 to 2013-2014. Injury rates, injury rate ratios, and injury proportion ratios (IPRs) were reported and compared by sex, injury setting, season, and event. Analysis included time-loss as well as no-time loss injuries. Results: Over the 5 seasons, the overall injury rate was 3.99 injuries per 1000 athletic-exposures (95% CI, 3.79-4.20). After controlling for injury diagnoses, women’s T&F athletes experienced an 18% higher risk of injury (95% CI, 7% to 31%) and missed 41% more time after an injury (95% CI, 4% to 93%) when compared with men. Among all athletes, the injury risk during competition was 71% higher (95% CI, 50% to 95%) compared with practice and required 59% more time loss (95% CI, 7% to 135%). Distance running accounted for a significantly higher proportion of overuse injuries (IPR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.40-2.05; P < .05) and required 168% more time loss (95% CI, 78% to 304%) than other events. The hip and thigh were the body regions most commonly injured; injury type, however, varied by T&F event. Sprinting accounted for the greatest proportion of hip and thigh injuries, distance running had the greatest proportion of lower leg injuries, and throwing reported the greatest proportion of spine and upper extremity injuries. Conclusion: Injury risk in NCAA T&F varied by sex, season, and setting. Higher injury rates were found in women versus men, indoor versus outdoor seasons, and competitions versus practices. The hip and thigh were the body regions most commonly injured; however, injury types varied by event. These findings may provide insight to programs aiming to reduce the risk of injury and associated time loss in collegiate T&F.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Hopkins
- Department of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Joel Williams
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mitchell J. Rauh
- Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
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Chou WY, Ko JY, Chen SF, Wu CF, Wu KT, Jhan SW. Superior training efficacy of beginning movement load training for the baseball throwers. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2021; 13:127. [PMID: 34645499 PMCID: PMC8513205 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-021-00357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Superior shoulder motion with rotator cuff activation are essential for the performance of the throwing athletes. The present study compared the novel beginning movement load training (BMLT) and popular throwers ten program regarding the training efficacy of baseball throwers. We hypothesized that the BMLT contributed the superior training efficacy than popular throwers ten program.
Methods Forty adult baseball players were randomized into study group and control group equally. In study group, the cyclic shoulder motion was repeatedly operated 3 days in a week and lasted for 6 weeks using three different BMLT training machines. As for control group, three popular cyclic training in the throwers ten program were adopted for the shoulder trainings as the same protocol in study group. The evaluations before and after training included the static range of motion (ROM), the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVICs) of the target muscle (pectoralis major, middle deltoid and supraspinatus) and throwing velocity. Result After 6-week course, study group had significant wider static ROM in saggital adduction (p = 0.002), coronal internal rotation (p = 0.018) and external rotation (p = 0.044) than in control group. The maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) ratio of middle deltoid/supraspinatus was significant lower in study group (Study:Control = 1.14 ± 0.76:3.56 ± 5.57, p = 0.049) which indicated the enhanced supraspinatus maximal contraction in the study group after training. In addition, the study group had significant improvement in throwing speed (117 ± 10 vs. 109 ± 10 km/h, p = 0.040). Conclusion The BMLT contributed the superiority in range of motion, recruitment of supraspinatus and throwing velocity than the popular thrower’s ten program. It could be a favourable training for the overhead activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Chou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Dist., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. .,Center of Comprehensive Sports Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan. .,Department of Leisure and Sport Management, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Jih-Yang Ko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Dist., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Chen
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Feng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Dist., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Dist., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Wun Jhan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Dist., Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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10
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El Osta L, El Helou A, Hatem HA, El Osta N. Injury patterns among national-level athletes in Lebanon: a retrospective study. Res Sports Med 2021; 30:641-658. [PMID: 34037504 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2021.1929222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives:This study aims to assess the annual prevalence, associated factors, and characteristics of musculoskeletal disorders among Lebanese national-level athletes.Methods: Lebanese athletes aged 18 and over and who competed in a top-level national championship during an entire athletics season were invited to participate in the study. Data were collected through questionnaire assessing self-reported injury during the past year. Injury, dependent variable of the study, was defined as a musculoskeletal condition that made the athlete partially or completely abstains from training or competition for a 1-week minimum injury period.Results: Among the 250 eligible athletes, 210 (84.0%) (25.5±6.7 years) completed the questionnaire. The 1-year retrospective injury prevalence was 51.9% (95% confidence interval, 45.1%-58.7%). Injured athletes reported 150 injuries: 128 (85.3%) affected the lower extremities, and 111 (74.0%) occurred during training. The most common type was muscle cramps/spasm (n=53; 35.3%); and overuse (n=121; 80.7%) was the predominant cause. Athletes who mainly practiced endurance disciplines (-p-value=0.042), who participated in international athletics championships (-p-value=0.047), and who were taking chronic medications (-p-value=0.049) had more injuries in the past year.Conclusion: These findings may help inform potential injury prevention programs, which should target injuries affecting the lower extremities, and consider the factors associated with injury risk among Lebanese athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana El Osta
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo El Helou
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Habib Aimé Hatem
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nada El Osta
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,Equipe D'accueil EA 4847, Centre De Recherche En Odontologie Clinique (CROC), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Laboratoire De Recherche Cranio-Faciale, Unité De Santé Orale, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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11
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Kutáč P, Uchytil J, Rygelová M. The effect of athletic throwing events on the body composition and bone density in the limbs of throwing athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 61:935-942. [PMID: 33472348 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.11492-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Throwing and putting are technical athletic events where one upper limb is dominant. The different load on the preferred and non-preferred limb may influence the body composition of the upper limb segments. The objective of the study is to assess the difference between the throwing and non-throwing upper limb in athletes specializing in javelin throw and shot put based on the segmental body composition analysis and kinetic analysis. METHODS The group included 16 throwers at the age of 17.5±2.4 years. As a control group, we used 16 jumper athletes (age of 17.7±2.6 years). The symmetry of the load on upper limbs during a push-up was provided by the kinetic motion analysis. The segmental analysis of the upper limb body composition parameters was implemented using the method of dual X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS As to the power parameters, symmetry between the throwing and non-throwing upper limbs during the performance of a push-up was observed. The analysis of the upper limb body mass distribution showed statistically and objective significance in the bone mass values. The ratio of bone mass was higher in the throwing upper limb by 0.02 kg (P<0.0001) and bone density was higher by 0.07 g/cm2 (P<0.0001), the practical significance of the differences was major change for BMC (d=0.8) and medium for BMD (d=0.5). CONCLUSIONS The results imply that the throw is a significant factor that contributes to the formation of bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Kutáč
- Human Motion Diagnostics Center, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic -
| | - Jaroslav Uchytil
- Human Motion Diagnostics Center, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Rygelová
- Human Motion Diagnostics Center, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Zaremski JL, Zeppieri G, Tripp BL. Injury Prevention Considerations in Adolescent Overhead-Throwing Athletes. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40141-019-00224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Read C, Beaumont C, Isbell J, Dombrowsky A, Brabston E, Ponce B, Hale H, Mccollough K, Estes R, Momaya AM. Spectator injuries in sports. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:520-523. [PMID: 30411604 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.09146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Injury documentation and prevention has largely focused on the athletes participating in the sporting event. However, spectators are at risk for injury as well depending on the sport and venue. No study to date has recorded and analyzed spectator injuries in sports. The purpose of this study was to document spectator injuries across different sports. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Scholarly articles and internet search engines were used to generate a list of spectator injuries across a variety of sports. Information gathered regarding each specific spectator injury included sport type, injury type, and injury mechanism. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A total of 181 spectator injuries were collected. The sport with the most spectator injuries found was automobile/motorcycle racing (N.=123), followed by cycling (N.=25), cricket (N.=12), baseball (N.=10), and hockey (N.=8). The majority of spectator injuries were related to the sport and not the behavior of the surrounding spectators. Among documented injuries sustained by spectators, automobile/motorcycle racing had the greatest number of mortalities (N.=38), followed by cycling (N.=17), hockey (N.=4), baseball (N.=2), and cricket (N.=1). CONCLUSIONS Although uncommon, spectators at sporting events are at risk for injury. Some of these injuries are serious and even fatal. Future work needs to focus on implementing safety measures to protect spectators while still allowing them to enjoy live sporting events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Read
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Christopher Beaumont
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jonathan Isbell
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alex Dombrowsky
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eugene Brabston
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brent Ponce
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Heath Hale
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kennieth Mccollough
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Reed Estes
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Amit M Momaya
- UAB Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA -
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