Knapik DM, Patel HH, Smith MV, Brophy RH, Matava MJ, Forsythe B. Posterior Humeral Avulsion of the Glenohumeral Ligament: A Critical Analysis Review.
JBJS Rev 2022;
10:01874474-202208000-00005. [PMID:
36000739 DOI:
10.2106/jbjs.rvw.22.00072]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
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Posterior humeral avulsions of the inferior glenohumeral ligament represent an increasingly recognized but likely underdiagnosed source of posterior shoulder instability and pain.
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Injuries are commonly reported in athletic individuals who have sustained injury by either traumatic or atraumatic mechanisms; the ligament is most susceptible to injury with the shoulder in flexion, adduction, and internal rotation.
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Posterior humeral avulsions of the glenohumeral ligament often occur in the setting of concurrent injuries to the posterior or inferior labrum.
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Diagnosis is often challenging due to nonspecific symptoms and physical examination findings; a magnetic resonance arthrogram generally is utilized to identify avulsion from the humeral attachment; however, a definitive diagnosis is often made at the time of arthroscopic evaluation.
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In patients with persistent discomfort and limitations following nonoperative management, operative fixation, primarily utilizing arthroscopic techniques, can be performed to restore motion and glenohumeral stability.
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