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Lee E, Vera K, Asirvatham-Jeyaraj N, Chantigian D, Larson M, Keller-Ross M. Menstrual phase does not influence ventilatory responses to group III/IV afferent signaling in eumenorrheic young females. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2021; 292:103712. [PMID: 34118436 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2021.103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen can reduce sympathetic activity, but its effects on minute ventilation (VE) with group III/IV afferent activation remain unclear. This study examined the influence of estrogen on VE during lower-extremity exercise with group III/IV activation. Females completed two identical visits in follicular and ovulatory menstrual phases. Nine participants (age 25 ± 4 years) performed three minutes of baseline steady-state cycle ergometry and then group III/IV afferents were further activated with proximal thigh cuffs inflated to 20, 60, and 100 mmHg (randomized) for two minutes and five minutes of cycling between each occlusion. Metaboreflex was isolated by post-exercise circulatory occlusion. Ventilation was measured continuously and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded for each stage. During rest and exercise, VE (p < 0.001) and tidal volume (VT) (p = 0.033) were higher in the follicular than ovulatory phase. Minute ventilation, VT, and respiratory rate (RR) with ergoreflex and metaboreflex activation were similar across phases. With cuff occlusion of 100 mmHg, VE increased from baseline by 26.3 ± 7.0 L/min in the follicular phase (p < 0.001) and by 25.3±7.7 L/min in the ovulatory phase (p < 0.001), with no difference between phases (p> 0.05); RR and VT increased similarly with occlusion, also with no phase differences. In eumenorrheic females, menstrual phase influences ventilation but not ventilatory responses to group III/IV isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Lee
- Division of Physical Therapy, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
| | - Kathryn Vera
- Division of Rehabilitation Science, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States; Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Wisconsin - River Falls, 1110 S. Main St., River Falls, WI, 54022, United States
| | | | - Daniel Chantigian
- Division of Physical Therapy, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Mia Larson
- Lillehei Clinical Research Unit, University of Minnesota, Cancer & Cardiovascular Research Center, 2231 6th St. E, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Manda Keller-Ross
- Division of Physical Therapy, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States; Division of Rehabilitation Science, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
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Smith JR, Bruhn EJ, Berg JD, Nur AA, Villarraga N, Olson TP. Combined influence of inspiratory loading and locomotor subsystolic cuff inflation on cardiovascular responses during submaximal exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:1338-1345. [PMID: 32240016 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00781.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unknown if simultaneous stimulation of the respiratory and locomotor muscle afferents via inspiratory loading (IL) and locomotor subsystolic cuff inflation (CUFF) influences the cardiovascular responses during exercise. We hypothesized that combined IL and CUFF (IL + CUFF) will result in greater increases in blood pressure (MAP) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) than IL and CUFF alone during exercise. Eight adults (6 males/2 females) were enrolled and performed four 10-min bouts of constant-load cycling eliciting 40% maximal oxygen uptake on a single day. For each exercise bout, the first 5 min consisted of spontaneous breathing. The second 5 min consisted of voluntary hyperventilation (i.e., breathing frequency of 40 breaths/min) with IL (30% maximum inspiratory pressure), CUFF (80 mmHg), IL + CUFF, or no intervention (CTL) in randomized order. During exercise, cardiac output and MAP were determined via open-circuit acetylene wash-in and manual sphygmomanometry, respectively, and SVR was calculated. Across CTL, IL, CUFF, and IL + CUFF, MAP was greater with each condition (CTL: 97 ± 14; IL: 106 ± 13; CUFF: 114 ± 14; IL + CUFF: 119 ± 15 mmHg, all P < 0.02). Furthermore, SVR was greater with IL + CUFF compared with IL, CUFF, and CTL (CTL: 6.6 ± 1.1; IL: 7.5 ± 1.4; CUFF: 7.5 ± 1.3; IL + CUFF: 8.2 ± 1.4 mmHg·L-1·min-1, all P < 0.02). Cardiac output was not different across conditions (CTL: 15.2 ± 3.8; IL: 14.8 ± 3.7; CUFF: 15.6 ± 3.5; IL + CUFF: 14.7 ± 4.3 L/min, all P > 0.05). These data demonstrate that simultaneous stimulation of respiratory and locomotor muscle afferent feedback results in additive MAP and SVR responses than IL and CUFF alone during submaximal exercise. These findings have important clinical implications for populations with exaggerated locomotor and respiratory muscle reflex feedbacks.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Reflexes arising from the respiratory and locomotor muscles influence cardiovascular regulation during exercise. However, it is unclear how the respiratory and locomotor muscle reflexes interact when simultaneously stimulated. Herein, we demonstrate that stimulation of the respiratory and locomotor muscle reflexes yielded additive cardiovascular responses during submaximal exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota
| | - Eric J Bruhn
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota
| | - Jessica D Berg
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota
| | - Amran A Nur
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota
| | | | - Thomas P Olson
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Minnesota
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Keller‐Ross ML, Sarkinen AL, Chantigian DP, Cross TJ, Johnson BD, Olson TP. Interaction of hypoxia and vascular occlusion on cardiorespiratory responses during exercise. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manda L. Keller‐Ross
- Division of Physical Therapy, Medical School University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota
| | | | - Daniel P. Chantigian
- Division of Physical Therapy, Medical School University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota
| | - Troy J. Cross
- Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester Minnesota
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Griffith University QLD Australia
| | - Bruce D. Johnson
- Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester Minnesota
| | - Thomas P. Olson
- Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester Minnesota
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