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Mündermann A, Nüesch C, Herger S, Liphardt AM, Chammartin F, De Pieri E, Egloff C. Load-induced blood marker kinetics in patients with medial knee compartment osteoarthritis are associated with accumulated load and patient reported outcome measures. F1000Res 2024; 12:299. [PMID: 38882712 PMCID: PMC11179051 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.131702.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to quantify the mechanoresponse of 10 blood marker candidates for joint metabolism to a walking stress test in patients with knee osteoarthritis and to determine the association among marker kinetics and with accumulated load and patient reported outcomes. Methods 24 patients with knee osteoarthritis completed questionnaires, and a 30-minute walking stress test with six blood serum samples and gait analysis. Concentrations of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-1, -3, and -9, epitope resulting from cleavage of type II collagen by collagenases (C2C), type II procollagen (CPII), interleukin (IL)-6, proteoglycan (PRG)-4, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, and resistin were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, Joint load (moments and compartmental forces) was estimated using musculoskeletal modeling using gait analysis data. Results COMP and MMP-3 showed an immediate increase after the walking stress followed by a decrease. MMP-9 and resistin showed a delayed decrease below pre-stress levels. ∆COMP correlated with ∆MMP-3 for most time points. ∆MMP-9 correlated with ∆resistin for most time points. The load-induced increase in blood marker levels correlated among blood markers and time points. C2C and resistin correlated positively and C2C/CPII and MMP2 correlated negatively with load during gait. Immediate relative ∆CPII and ∆MMP1 and delayed relative ∆COMP, ∆IL6, ∆C2C, ∆CPII, ∆MMP1 and ∆MMP3 correlated with the load accumulated during the walking stress. Baseline C2C levels correlated with Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales and load-induced changes in MMP-3 with KOOS and Short Form 36 quality of life subscores (P<0.05). Conclusions The distinct and differentiated physiological response to the walking stress depends on accumulated load and appears relevant for patient reported osteoarthritis outcome and quality of life and warrants further investigation in the context of disease progression.ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02622204.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Mündermann
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauamtology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Corina Nüesch
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauamtology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
- Department of Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Simon Herger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauamtology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Maria Liphardt
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, 91054, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen & Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Frédérique Chammartin
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen & FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Enrico De Pieri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, 4123, Switzerland
| | - Christian Egloff
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauamtology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland
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Lisee C, Evans-Pickett A, Davis-Wilson H, Munsch AE, Longobardi L, Schwartz TA, Lalush D, Franz JR, Pietrosimone B. Delayed cartilage oligomeric matrix protein response to loading is associated with femoral cartilage composition post-ACLR. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:2525-2535. [PMID: 37326876 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05253-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine associations between immediate and delayed response of serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) to loading (i.e., 3000 walking steps) and femoral cartilage interlimb T1ρ relaxation times in individual's post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 20 individuals 6-12 months following primary ACLR (65% female, 20.5 ± 4.0 years old, 24.9 ± 3.0 kg/m2, 7.3 ± 1.5 months post-ACLR). Serum samples were collected prior to, immediately following, and 3.5 h following walking 3000 steps on a treadmill at habitual walking speed. sCOMP concentrations were processed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Immediate and delayed absolute sCOMP responses to loading were evaluated immediately and 3.5 h post-walking, respectively. Participants underwent bilateral magnetic resonance imaging with T1ρ sequences to calculate resting femoral cartilage interlimb T1ρ relaxation time ratios between limbs (i.e., ACLR/Uninjured limb). Linear regression models were fitted to determine associations between sCOMP response to loading and femoral cartilage T1ρ outcomes controlling for pre-loading sCOMP concentrations. RESULTS Greater increases in delayed sCOMP response to loading were associated with greater lateral (∆R2 = 0.29, p = 0.02) but not medial (∆R2 < 0.01, p = 0.99) femoral cartilage interlimb T1ρ ratios. Associations between immediate sCOMP response to loading with femoral cartilage interlimb T1ρ ratios were weak and non-significant (∆R2 range = 0.02-0.09, p range = 0.21-0.58). CONCLUSION Greater delayed sCOMP response to loading, a biomarker of cartilage breakdown, is associated with worse lateral femoral cartilage composition in the ACLR limb compared to the uninjured limb. Delayed sCOMP response to loading may be a more indicative metabolic indicator linked to deleterious changes in composition than immediate sCOMP response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lisee
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#8700, 209 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Alyssa Evans-Pickett
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#8700, 209 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | | | - Amanda E Munsch
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lara Longobardi
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Todd A Schwartz
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - David Lalush
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason R Franz
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brian Pietrosimone
- Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#8700, 209 Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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3
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Davis-Wilson HC, Thoma LM, Johnston CD, Young E, Evans-Pickett A, Spang JT, Blackburn JT, Hackney AC, Pietrosimone B. Fewer daily steps are associated with greater cartilage oligomeric matrix protein response to loading post-ACL reconstruction. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:2248-2257. [PMID: 35060165 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant joint loading contributes to the development of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis (PTOA) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); yet little is known about the association between joint loading due to daily walking and cartilage health post-ACLR. Accelerometer-based measures of daily steps and cadence (i.e., rate of steps/min) provide information regarding daily walking in a real-world setting. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between changes in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP; %∆COMP), a mechanosensitive biomarker that is associated with osteoarthritis progression, following a standardized walking protocol and daily walking in individuals with ACLR and uninjured controls. Daily walking was assessed over 7 days using an accelerometer worn on the right hip in 31 individuals with ACLR and 21 controls and quantified as mean steps/day and time spent in ≥100 steps/min. Serum COMP was measured before and following a 3000-step walking protocol at a preferred speed. %∆COMP was calculated as a change in COMP relative to the prewalking value. Linear regressions were used to examine associations between daily walking and %∆COMP after adjusting for preferred speed. Fewer daily steps (ΔR2 = 0.18, p = 0.02) and fewer minutes spent in ≥100 steps/min (ΔR2 = 0.16, p = 0.03) were associated with greater %∆COMP following walking in individuals with ACLR; no statistically significant associations existed in controls (daily steps: ΔR2 = 0.03, p = 0.47; time ≥100 steps/min: ΔR2 < 0.01, p = 0.81). Clinical significance: Individuals with ACLR who engage in less daily walking undergo greater %ΔCOMP, which may represent greater cartilage degradation or turnover in response to walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope C Davis-Wilson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Louise M Thoma
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher D Johnston
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emma Young
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Athletic Training Program, The Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, USA
| | - Alyssa Evans-Pickett
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Spang
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - J Troy Blackburn
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anthony C Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brian Pietrosimone
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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4
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Dreiner M, Munk T, Zaucke F, Liphardt AM, Niehoff A. Relationship between different serum cartilage biomarkers in the acute response to running and jumping in healthy male individuals. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6434. [PMID: 35440750 PMCID: PMC9018733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of physical activity on serum cartilage biomarkers is largely unknown. The purpose of the study was to systematically analyze the acute effect of two frequently used exercise interventions (running and jumping) on the correlation of seven serum biomarkers that reflect cartilage extracellular matrix metabolism. Fifteen healthy male volunteers (26 ± 4 years, 181 ± 4 cm, 77 ± 6 kg) participated in the repeated measurement study. In session 1, the participants accomplished 15 × 15 series of reactive jumps within 30 min. In session 2, they ran on a treadmill (2.2 m/s) for 30 min. Before and after both exercise protocols, four blood samples were drawn separated by 30 min intervals. Serum concentrations of seven biomarkers were determined: COMP, MMP-3, MMP-9, YKL-40, resistin, Coll2-1 and Coll2-1 NO2. All biomarkers demonstrated an acute response to mechanical loading. Both the COMP and MMP-3 responses were significantly (p = 0.040 and p = 0.007) different between running and jumping (COMP: jumping + 31%, running + 37%; MMP-3: jumping + 14%, running + 78%). Resistin increased only significantly (p < 0.001) after running, and Coll2-1 NO2 increased significantly (p = 0.001) only after jumping. Significant correlations between the biomarkers were detected. The relationships between individual serum biomarker concentrations may reflect the complex interactions between degrading enzymes and their substrates in ECM homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Dreiner
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Munk
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopaedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Liphardt
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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5
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Harkey MS, Blackburn JT, Hackney AC, Lewek MD, Schmitz RJ, Pietrosimone B. Sex-Specific Associations between Cartilage Structure and Metabolism at Rest and Acutely Following Walking and Drop-Landing. Cartilage 2021; 13:1772S-1781S. [PMID: 32954820 PMCID: PMC8808927 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520959386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage health is thought to be dependent on the relationship between mechanics, structure, and metabolism, rather than these individual components in isolation. Due to sex differences in cartilage health, there is need to determine if the relationships between these cartilage components separately for males and females. Therefore, we sought to determine the sex-specific associations between cartilage structure and metabolism at rest and their acute response following walking and drop-landing in healthy individuals. DESIGN A cartilage ultrasound assessment and an ante-cubital blood draw were performed before and after walking and drop-landing conditions in 20 males and 20 females. Cartilage structure was assessed via medial and lateral femoral cartilage cross-sectional area. Cartilage metabolism was quantified with serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) concentration. Percent change scores from pre- to postloading were used to calculate acute alterations in cross-sectional area and COMP. Correlational analyses were used to assess the association between cartilage structure and metabolism measures separately for males and females. RESULTS In females, greater resting COMP concentration was associated with less cartilage cross-sectional area in the medial(ρ = -0.50, P = 0.03) and lateral (ρ = -0.69, P = 0.001) femur. Resting cartilage measures were not associated among males. Following walking and drop-landing, percent change scores in cartilage structure and metabolism were not associated. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights that, in females, thinner anterior femoral cartilage is associated with greater resting serum COMP concentrations, a biomarker often linked to cartilage breakdown. Future studies into the relationships between various cartilage components should consider sex-specific analyses as these relationships are sex dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Harkey
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI, USA,Matthew S. Harkey, Department of
Kinesiology, Michigan State University, 308 W. Circle Drive #112, East Lansing,
MI 48824, USA.
| | - J. Troy Blackburn
- Department of Exercise and Sports
Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anthony C. Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sports
Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Nutrition, School of
Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,
USA
| | - Michael D. Lewek
- Division of Physical Therapy, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Randy J. Schmitz
- Department of Kinesiology, University of
North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Brian Pietrosimone
- Department of Exercise and Sports
Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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6
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Luc-Harkey BA, Franz J, Hackney AC, Blackburn JT, Padua DA, Schwartz T, Davis-Wilson H, Spang J, Pietrosimone B. Immediate Biochemical Changes After Gait Biofeedback in Individuals With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. J Athl Train 2020; 55:1106-1115. [PMID: 32966563 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0372.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gait biomechanics are linked to biochemical changes that contribute to the development of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It remains unknown if modifying peak loading during gait using real-time biofeedback will result in acute biochemical changes related to cartilage metabolism. OBJECTIVE To determine if acutely manipulating peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during gait influences acute changes in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein concentration (sCOMP) among individuals with ACLR. DESIGN Crossover study. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Thirty individuals with unilateral ACLR participated (70% female, age = 20.43 ± 2.91 years old, body mass index = 24.42 ± 4.25, months post-ACLR = 47.83 ± 26.97). Additionally, we identified a subgroup of participants who demonstrated an increase in sCOMP after the control or natural loading condition (sCOMPCHANGE > 0 ng/mL, n = 22, 70% female, age = 20.32 ± 3.00 years old, body mass index = 24.73 ± 4.33, months post-ACLR = 47.27 ± 29.32). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Serum was collected both prior to and immediately after each condition to determine sCOMPchange. INTERVENTION(S) All participants attended 4 sessions that involved 20 minutes of walking on a force-measuring treadmill consisting of a control condition (natural loading) followed by random ordering of 3 loading conditions with real-time biofeedback: (1) symmetric vGRF between limbs, (2) a 5% increase in vGRF (high loading) and (3) a 5% decrease in vGRF (low loading). A general linear mixed model was used to determine differences in sCOMPCHANGE between altered loading conditions and the control group in the entire cohort and the subgroup. RESULTS The sCOMPCHANGE was not different across loading conditions for the entire cohort (F3,29 = 1.34, P = .282). Within the subgroup, sCOMPCHANGE was less during high loading (1.95 ± 24.22 ng/mL, t21 = -3.53, P = .005) and symmetric loading (9.93 ± 21.45 ng/mL, t21 = -2.86, P = .025) compared with the control condition (25.79 ± 21.40 ng/mL). CONCLUSIONS Increasing peak vGRF during gait decreased sCOMP in individuals with ACLR who naturally demonstrated an increase in sCOMP after 20 minutes of walking. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03035994).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Franz
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh
| | - Anthony C Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - J Troy Blackburn
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Darin A Padua
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Todd Schwartz
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Hope Davis-Wilson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Jeffrey Spang
- Department of Orthopaedics, MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Brian Pietrosimone
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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7
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Roberts HM, Law RJ, Thom JM. The time course and mechanisms of change in biomarkers of joint metabolism in response to acute exercise and chronic training in physiologic and pathological conditions. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:2401-2420. [PMID: 31650307 PMCID: PMC6858392 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The benefits of exercise across the lifespan and for a wide spectrum of health and diseases are well known. However, there remains less clarity as to the effects of both acute and chronic exercise on joint health. Serum biomarkers of joint metabolism are sensitive to change and have the potential to differentiate between normal and adverse adaptations to acute and chronic load. Therefore, the primary objective of this review is to evaluate how serum biomarkers can inform our understanding of how exercise affects joint metabolism. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was completed to identify joint biomarkers previously used to investigate acute and chronic exercise training. RESULTS Identified biomarkers included those related to joint cartilage, bone, synovium, synovial fluid, and inflammation. However, current research has largely focused on the response of serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) to acute loading in healthy young individuals. Studies demonstrate how acute loading transiently increases serum COMP (i.e., cartilage metabolism), which is mostly dependent on the duration of exercise. This response does not appear to be associated with any lasting deleterious changes, cartilage degradation, or osteoarthritis. CONCLUSION Several promising biomarkers for assessing joint metabolism exist and may in future enhance our understanding of the physiological response to acute and chronic exercise. Defining 'normal' and 'abnormal' biomarker responses to exercise and methodological standardisation would greatly improve the potential of research in this area to understand mechanisms and inform practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry M Roberts
- School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, The Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, GU2 7WG, UK.
| | - Rebecca-Jane Law
- North Wales Centre for Primary Care Research, School of Health Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Jeanette M Thom
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
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8
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Herger S, Vach W, Liphardt AM, Egloff C, Nüesch C, Mündermann A. Dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and load-induced changes in COMP in young healthy adults. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:106-113. [PMID: 30240936 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude during a walking stress test and load-induced changes in serum concentration of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) in healthy subjects. DESIGN sCOMP was assessed before and after a 30-min walking stress test performed on three test days by 24 healthy volunteers. In each walking stress test, one of three ambulatory loads was applied in a block randomized crossover design: normal body weight (BW) (100%BW = normal load); reduced BW (80%BW = reduced load); increased BW (120%BW = increased load). Knee kinematics and ground reaction force (GRF) were measured using an inertial sensor gait analysis system and a pressure plate embedded in the treadmill. RESULTS Load-induced increases in sCOMP rose with increasing ambulatory load magnitude. Mean sCOMP levels increased immediately after the walking stress test by 26.8 ± 12.8%, 28.0 ± 13.3% and 37.3 ± 18.3% for the reduced, normal or increased load condition, respectively. Lower extremity kinematics did not differ between conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide important evidence of a dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and load-induced changes in sCOMP. Our data suggests that in normal weight persons sCOMP levels are more sensitive to increased than to reduced load. The experimental framework presented here may form the basis for studying the relevance of the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and load-induced changes in biomarkers involved in metabolism of healthy articular cartilage and after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Herger
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - W Vach
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - A-M Liphardt
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - C Egloff
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - C Nüesch
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - A Mündermann
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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