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Pakosz P, Konieczny M, Domaszewski P, Dybek T, García-García O, Gnoiński M, Skorupska E. Muscle contraction time after caffeine intake is faster after 30 minutes than after 60 minutes. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2306295. [PMID: 38239059 PMCID: PMC10802797 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2306295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the optimal time point, either 30 or 60 minutes, at which muscle reactivity to caffeine administration is highest. Unlike previous studies that focused on the nervous system response, we employed tensiomyography (TMG) to directly assess the effects of caffeine on muscle fibers. METHODS TMG measurements were performed on the gastrocnemius medialis muscle of 42 male athletes who regularly consumed caffeine. Participants received a dose of 6 mg/kg body weight and TMG measurements were taken prior to caffeine intake, as well as 30 and 60 minutes afterward. RESULTS Analysis of TMG parameters including time to contraction (Tc), time delay (Td), and maximal displacement (Dm) revealed that muscles exhibited faster contractions and greater stiffness at the 30-minute mark compared to both pre-caffeine intake and the 60-minute time point. Time exerted a significant main effect on Tc (F(2, 246) = 12.09, p < .001, ή2p = 0.09), Td (F(2, 246) = 3.39, p = .035, ή2p = 0.03), and Dm (F(2, 246) = 6.83, p = .001, ή2p = 0.05), while no significant effect of body side was observed. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that muscle contraction time (Tc) and delay time (Td) are influenced by the time elapsed since caffeine ingestion, with the fastest responses occurring after 30 minutes. Additionally, a systemic effect of caffeine was observed, as there were no discernible differences in measurements between the two sides of the body. TMG proves to be an effective noninvasive method for assessing muscle responses following caffeine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Pakosz
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Mariusz Konieczny
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Przemysław Domaszewski
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Tomasz Dybek
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Oscar García-García
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Elżbieta Skorupska
- Department of Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Cornejo-Daza PJ, Sánchez-Valdepeñas J, Páez-Maldonado J, Rodiles-Guerrero L, Boullosa D, León-Prados JA, Wernbom M, Pareja-Blanco F. Acute Responses to Traditional and Cluster-Set Squat Training With and Without Blood Flow Restriction. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:1401-1412. [PMID: 38780903 PMCID: PMC11286160 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cornejo-Daza, PJ, Sánchez-Valdepeñas, J, Páez-Maldonado, J, Rodiles-Guerrero, L, Boullosa, D, León-Prados, JA, Wernbom, M, and Pareja-Blanco, F. Acute responses to traditional and cluster-set squat training with and without blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): 1401-1412, 2024-To compare the acute responses to different set configurations (cluster [CLU] vs. traditional [TRA]) under distinct blood flow conditions (free vs. restricted) in full-squat (SQ). Twenty resistance-trained males performed 4 protocols that differed in the set configuration (TRA: continuous repetitions; vs. CLU: 30 seconds of rest every 2 repetitions) and in the blood flow condition (FF: free-flow; vs. blood flow restriction [BFR]: 50% of arterial occlusion pressure). The relative intensity (60% 1RM), volume (3 sets of 8 repetitions), and resting time (2 minutes) were equated. Mean propulsive force (MPF), velocity (MPV) and power (MPP), and electromyography (EMG) parameters were recorded during each repetition. Tensiomyography (TMG), blood lactate, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, maximal voluntary isometric contraction, in SQ, and movement velocity against the load that elicited a 1 m·s -1 velocity at baseline (V1-load) in SQ were assessed at pre- and post-exercise. The CLU protocols allowed a better maintenance of MPF, MPV, MPP, and EMG median frequency during the exercise compared to TRA (clu-time interaction, p < 0.05). The TRA protocols experienced greater impairments post-exercise in TMG- and EMG-derived variables (clu-time interaction, p < 0.05) and SQ and CMJ performance (clu-time interaction, p = 0.08 and p < 0.05, respectively), as well as higher blood lactate concentrations (clu-time interaction, p < 0.001) than CLU. Moreover, BFR displayed decreases in TMG variables (bfr-time interaction, p < 0.01), but BFR-CLU resulted in the greatest reduction in twitch contraction time ( p < 0.001). Cluster sets reduced fatigue during and after the training session and BFR exacerbated impairments in muscle mechanical properties; however, the combination of both could improve contraction speed after exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Cornejo-Daza
- Science Based Training Research Group. Department of Sports and Computers Sciences. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Department of Human Motor and Sports Performance, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Sánchez-Valdepeñas
- Science Based Training Research Group. Department of Sports and Computers Sciences. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Jose Páez-Maldonado
- Science Based Training Research Group. Department of Sports and Computers Sciences. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Seville, Osuna, Spain
| | - Luis Rodiles-Guerrero
- Science Based Training Research Group. Department of Sports and Computers Sciences. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Department of Human Motor and Sports Performance, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, León, Spain
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia; and
| | - Juan A. León-Prados
- Science Based Training Research Group. Department of Sports and Computers Sciences. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Mathias Wernbom
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Fernando Pareja-Blanco
- Science Based Training Research Group. Department of Sports and Computers Sciences. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
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Sánchez-Valdepeñas J, Cornejo-Daza PJ, Rodiles-Guerrero L, Páez-Maldonado JA, Sánchez-Moreno M, Bachero-Mena B, Saez de Villarreal E, Pareja-Blanco F. Acute Responses to Different Velocity Loss Thresholds during Squat Exercise with Blood-Flow Restriction in Strength-Trained Men. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:171. [PMID: 38921865 PMCID: PMC11209533 DOI: 10.3390/sports12060171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this paper is to analyze the acute effects of different velocity loss (VL) thresholds during a full squat (SQ) with blood-flow restriction (BFR) on strength performance, neuromuscular activity, metabolic response, and muscle contractile properties. (2) Methods: Twenty strength-trained men performed four protocols that differed in the VL achieved within the set (BFR0: 0% VL; BFR10: 10% VL; BFR20: 20% VL; and BFR40: 40% VL). The relative intensity (60% 1RM), recovery between sets (2 min), number of sets (3), and level of BFR (50% of arterial occlusion pressure) were matched between protocols. Tensiomyography (TMG), blood lactate, countermovement jump (CMJ), maximal voluntary isometric SQ contraction (MVIC), and performance with the absolute load required to achieve 1 m·s-1 at baseline measurements in SQ were assessed before and after the protocols. (3) Results: BFR40 resulted in higher EMG alterations during and after exercise than the other protocols (p < 0.05). BFR40 also induced greater impairments in TMG-derived variables and BFR10 decreased contraction time. Higher blood lactate concentrations were found as the VL within the set increased. BFR0 and BFR10 showed significantly increased median frequencies in post-exercise MVIC. (4) Conclusions: High VL thresholds (BFR40) accentuated metabolic and neuromuscular stress, and produced increased alterations in muscles' mechanical properties. Low VL could potentiate post-exercise neuromuscular activity and muscle contractile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sánchez-Valdepeñas
- Science Based Training Research Group, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.C.-D.); (L.R.-G.); (J.A.P.-M.); (M.S.-M.); (B.B.-M.); (F.P.-B.)
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Pedro J. Cornejo-Daza
- Science Based Training Research Group, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.C.-D.); (L.R.-G.); (J.A.P.-M.); (M.S.-M.); (B.B.-M.); (F.P.-B.)
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain;
- Department of Human Movement and Sport Performance, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Rodiles-Guerrero
- Science Based Training Research Group, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.C.-D.); (L.R.-G.); (J.A.P.-M.); (M.S.-M.); (B.B.-M.); (F.P.-B.)
- Department of Human Movement and Sport Performance, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Jose A. Páez-Maldonado
- Science Based Training Research Group, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.C.-D.); (L.R.-G.); (J.A.P.-M.); (M.S.-M.); (B.B.-M.); (F.P.-B.)
- Centre Attached to the University of Seville, University of Osuna, 41640 Osuna, Spain
| | - Miguel Sánchez-Moreno
- Science Based Training Research Group, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.C.-D.); (L.R.-G.); (J.A.P.-M.); (M.S.-M.); (B.B.-M.); (F.P.-B.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bachero-Mena
- Science Based Training Research Group, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.C.-D.); (L.R.-G.); (J.A.P.-M.); (M.S.-M.); (B.B.-M.); (F.P.-B.)
- Department of Human Movement and Sport Performance, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Eduardo Saez de Villarreal
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Fernando Pareja-Blanco
- Science Based Training Research Group, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain; (P.J.C.-D.); (L.R.-G.); (J.A.P.-M.); (M.S.-M.); (B.B.-M.); (F.P.-B.)
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Sports and Computer Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain;
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Paravlic AH, Abazovic E, Milanović Z, Vučković G, Spudić D, Hadzic V, Pajek M, Vodičar J. The association between unilateral and bilateral performance-related measures in elite female soccer players: a multifaceted investigation. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1298159. [PMID: 38952868 PMCID: PMC11215189 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1298159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to investigate a) the associations between bilateral performance utilizing countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), speed and unilateral CMJ, isokinetic peak torque in knee extension and flexion with angular velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s and tensiomyography (TMG) parameters; b) whether the asymmetries derived from unilateral tests are associated with bilateral CMJ, SJ and speed in elite female soccer players. Methods Thirty-five elite female soccer players (average age: 20 ± 5 years) completed CMJ, SJ, speed, isokinetic muscle strength and TMG tests. Results Compared to the non-dominant leg, the dominant leg demonstrated greater peak torque output in both knee flexion (7.4%) and knee extension (5.6%) isokinetic tasks, as well as m. vastus medialis contraction time (7.6%), and soccer-specific agility test (4.1%). Conversely, the hamstring to quadriceps peak torque ratio at 180°/s (8.5%) was significantly greater in the non-dominant leg. The associations between CMJ, SJ and speed performance were positive and ranged from weak (r = 0.350) to high (r = 0.710). For speed and TMG-derived variables, correlations were negative and ranged from weak (r = -0.345, p = 0.042, for vastus medialis contraction time) to moderate (r = -0.530, p = 0.001, for biceps femoris contraction time). Furthermore, both bilateral CMJ and SJ negatively correlated with TMG-derived variables, ranging from weak (r = -0.350, p = 0.039, for vastus lateralis contraction time) to moderate (r = -0.537, p = 0.003, for rectus femoris contraction time). Conclusion The overall significant, albeit inconsistent, correlations between the diverse performance scores obtained highlight the necessity for a multifaceted and thorough diagnostic strategy in female soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Huso Paravlic
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ensar Abazovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Zoran Milanović
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Goran Vučković
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darjan Spudić
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vedran Hadzic
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Pajek
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Vodičar
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Deodato M, Saponaro S, Šimunič B, Martini M, Murena L, Buoite Stella A. Trunk muscles' characteristics in adolescent gymnasts with low back pain: a pilot study on the effects of a physiotherapy intervention including a postural reeducation program. J Man Manip Ther 2024; 32:310-324. [PMID: 37649443 PMCID: PMC11216269 DOI: 10.1080/10669817.2023.2252202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trunk muscles' function and characteristics are of great importance for both static and dynamic tasks in different sports, and abnormalities of trunk flexors and extensors might be associated with low back pain (LBP). The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the functional, morphological and contractile properties in trunk flexors and extensors of young gymnasts with and without LBP. METHODS Young gymnasts (14/25 females, 14-18 y) were screened for the presence of chronic LBP. Abdominal and lumbar muscles were tested for function (McGill's endurance tests), thickness (ultrasound), and contractile responses (tensiomyography). An 8-sessions physiotherapy intervention including postural reeducation was performed by a subsample of 10 subjects with LBP. RESULTS LBP was found to be associated to higher flexors-to-extensors endurance ratio (OR 11.250, 95% CI: 1.647-76.849, p = 0.014), reduced mean lumbar multifidus thickness (OR 16.500, 95% CI: 2.246-121.228, p = 0.006), and reduced mean erector spinae radial displacement (OR 16.500, 95% CI: 2.246-121.228, p = 0.006). The physiotherapy intervention was found to reduce LBP symptoms and it was associated with a significant improvement in the flexors-to-extensors ratio (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary evidence of functional, morphological, and contractile trunk muscles' alterations associated with chronic LBP in young gymnasts, and presents the effects of a postural reeducation program on symptoms and muscles' functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Deodato
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- PhD Program in Neural and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Saponaro
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Center of Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Miriam Martini
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi Murena
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, Cattinara Hospital - ASUGI, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alex Buoite Stella
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Pakosz P, Konieczny M, Domaszewski P, Dybek T, Gnoiński M, Skorupska E. Changes in hamstring contractile properties during the competitive season in young football players. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17049. [PMID: 38510545 PMCID: PMC10954257 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The study aimed to examine alterations and imbalances in hamstring muscle contractile properties among young football players throughout their competitive season, and to understand how these changes might contribute to the risk of muscle injuries. Hamstring injuries are particularly common in football, yet the underlying causes and effective prevention methods remain unclear. Methods The research involved 74 young footballers who were assessed before the season (pre-test) and after 12 weeks of training (post-test). To evaluate changes in hamstring muscle contractile properties, specifically the left and right biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST), tensiomyography (TMG) parameters were utilized. Results In comparison to the BF muscle, significant differences in time delay (Td) between the left and right sides in the post-test (p = 0.0193), and maximal displacement (Dm) between the left and right sides at the pre-test (p = 0.0395). However, significant differences in Dm were observed only in the left ST muscle between the pre- and post-tests (p = 0.0081). Regarding lateral symmetry, BF registered measurements of 79.7 ± 13.43 (pre-test) and 77.4 ± 14.82 (post-test), whereas ST showed measurements of 87.0 ± 9.79 (pre-test) and 87.5 ± 9.60 (post-test). Conclusions These assessments provided TMG reference data for hamstring muscles in young footballers, both before the season and after 12 weeks of in-season training. The observed changes in the contractile properties and decrease in lateral symmetry of the BF in both tests suggest an increased risk of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Pakosz
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Mariusz Konieczny
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Przemysław Domaszewski
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Opole, Opole, Poland
| | - Tomasz Dybek
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Skorupska
- Department of Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Szurmik T, Ogrodzka-Ciechanowicz K, Kurzeja P, Gąsienica-Walczak B, Prusak J, Bibrowicz K. Assessment of the functional state of the back muscles in girls with C-shaped low-grade scoliosis in a tensiomyographic image: An observational cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292555. [PMID: 37847728 PMCID: PMC10581459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to test the feasibility of using tensiomyography to assess the functional status of the latissimus dorsi and erector spinae muscles in girls with C-shaped low back scoliosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five girls aged 13-15 took part in an observational (cross-sectional) study. The examination involved measurements using the tensiomyography method (TMG). Two groups of muscles were tested: latissimus dorsi and erector spinae on the concave and convex side of low-grade scoliosis. The following indicators were analyzed: Td-delay time, Tc-contraction time, and Dm-maximal muscle displacement. RESULTS The analysis of Td revealed that values of this variable on the concave side were slightly lower compared to the convex side in both tested groups of muscles. Similarly, Tc values on the concave side were slightly lower than on the convex side of the curvature in both groups of muscles. In the case of Dm, lower displacement values and, consequently, greater muscle rigidity were observed on the concave side of the latissimus dorsi and the convex side of the erector spinae. CONCLUSIONS The TMG method can be potentially used to diagnose the functional condition of muscles in patients with low-grade scoliosis. There were differences between the functional condition of the muscles on the concave and convex sides of the curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Szurmik
- Faculty of Arts and Educational Science, University of Silesia, Cieszyn, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Kurzeja
- Institute of Health Sciences, Podhale State College of Applied Sciences, Nowy Targ, Poland
| | | | - Jarosław Prusak
- Institute of Health Sciences, Podhale State College of Applied Sciences, Nowy Targ, Poland
| | - Karol Bibrowicz
- Science and Research Center of Body Posture, Kazimiera Milanowska College of Education and Therapy, Poznań, Poland
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8
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Wilson MT, Hunter AM, Fairweather M, Kerr S, Hamilton DL, Macgregor LJ. Enhanced skeletal muscle contractile function and corticospinal excitability precede strength and architectural adaptations during lower-limb resistance training. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1911-1928. [PMID: 37185932 PMCID: PMC10460716 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evolving investigative techniques are providing greater understanding about the early neuromuscular responses to resistance training among novice exercisers. The aim of this study was to investigate the time-course of changes in muscle contractile mechanics, architecture, neuromuscular, and strength adaptation during the first 6-weeks of lower-limb resistance training. METHODS Forty participants: 22 intervention (10 males/12 females; 173.48 ± 5.20 cm; 74.01 ± 13.13 kg) completed 6-week resistance training, and 18 control (10 males/8 females; 175.52 ± 7.64 cm; 70.92 ± 12.73 kg) performed no resistance training and maintained their habitual activity. Radial muscle displacement (Dm) assessed via tensiomyography, knee extension maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), voluntary activation (VA), corticospinal excitability and inhibition via transcranial magnetic stimulation, motor unit (MU) firing rate, and muscle thickness and pennation angle via ultrasonography were assessed before and after 2, 4, and 6-weeks of dynamic lower-limb resistance training or control. RESULTS After 2-weeks training, Dm reduced by 19-25% in the intervention group; this was before any changes in neural or morphological measures. After 4-weeks training, MVC increased by 15% along with corticospinal excitability by 16%; however, there was no change in VA, corticospinal inhibition, or MU firing rate. After 6-weeks training there was further MVC increase by 6% along with muscle thickness by 13-16% and pennation angle by 13-14%. CONCLUSION Enhanced contractile properties and corticospinal excitability occurred before any muscle architecture, neural, and strength adaptation. Later increases in muscular strength can be accounted for by architectural adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Wilson
- Physiology, Exercise, and Nutrition Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Angus M Hunter
- Physiology, Exercise, and Nutrition Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
- Department of Sports Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK.
| | | | - Stewart Kerr
- Life Fit Wellness, Healthcare & Exercise Centre, Falkirk, Scotland, UK
| | - D Lee Hamilton
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Lewis J Macgregor
- Physiology, Exercise, and Nutrition Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
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Cuba-Dorado A, Álvarez-Yates T, Carballo-López J, Iglesias-Caamaño M, Fernández-Redondo D, García-García O. Neuromuscular changes after a Long Distance Triathlon World Championship. Eur J Sport Sci 2023; 23:1838-1848. [PMID: 36221960 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2134053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the neuromuscular changes in muscle contractile properties and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance after a long distance (LD) triathlon, inquiring to what extent it is influenced by gender and the evaluated muscle, and to explore for response differences. Four elite (2 females and 2 males) and 18 well-trained triathletes (3 females and 15 males) who competed in the 2019 LD Triathlon World Championship undergone, prior and post-race, a CMJ and a muscle contractile properties assessment in vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF) using tensiomyography. A mixed ANOVA was carried out to detect triathletes' neuromuscular changes after the competition. A large decrease in jump height and flight time was found in CMJ (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.767) with gender differences (ηp2 = 0.308). contraction (Tc), delay (Td) and sustain times (Ts) also showed a large decrease (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.174-0.413). However, maximum radial muscle belly displacement was not altered by the competition, but did greatly increase radial displacement velocity (p = 0.031; ηp2 = 0.212). No gender differences were found in contractile properties. Correlation analysis between race performance and the jumping and tensiomyography parameters only showed a moderate negative correlation with Tc of the BF in pre- and post-competition (r = -0.44; -0.43; p = 0.05). In conclusion, triathletes after a LD World Championship suffer a sharp drop in jump performance and variations in VL's and BF's contractile properties, showing decreases in Tc, Td and Ts without gender differences. The regular use of these parameters can allow the monitoring of triathlete's neuromuscular fatigue and aid in the distribution of more efficient loads in their training cycles.HighlightsTrainers and researchers in neuromuscular fatigue can have reference data of elite and well-trained triathletes after performing LD race.The magnitude of change in the CMJ and the contractile properties of BF and VL achieved in competition by these elite reference triathletes can guide to modulate triathletes training.The regular use of the parameters using these references can allow an exhaustive neuromuscular fatigue monitoring during the sessions or training cycles throughout the season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Cuba-Dorado
- Laboratory of Sports Performance, Physical Condition and Wellness, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Tania Álvarez-Yates
- Laboratory of Sports Performance, Physical Condition and Wellness, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Javier Carballo-López
- Laboratory of Sports Performance, Physical Condition and Wellness, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Mario Iglesias-Caamaño
- Laboratory of Sports Performance, Physical Condition and Wellness, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | - Oscar García-García
- Laboratory of Sports Performance, Physical Condition and Wellness, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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Langen G, Lohr C, Ueberschär O, Behringer M. Reproducibility of knee extensor and flexor contraction velocity in healthy men and women assessed using tensiomyography: A registered report. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288806. [PMID: 37531344 PMCID: PMC10395843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tensiomyography measures the radial displacement of a muscle during an electrically evoked twitch contraction. Different concepts to determine the rate of displacement (Vc) from the maximum twitch exist, but information on their reproducibility is scarce. Further, different inter-stimuli intervals during progressive stimulation are used, but the effect of different intervals on Vc is unclear. OBJECTIVES The first aim of this study was to investigate the within and between-day reliability of the five most frequently used Vc concepts. The second aim was to investigate the effect of different inter-stimuli intervals on Vc. METHODS On two consecutive days, we determined Vc of the biceps femoris long head and rectus femoris of twenty-four healthy subjects. The maximum displacement was determined twice within three minutes on day one and a third time 24 h later. Also, on day two, we applied three blocks of ten consecutive stimuli at a constant intensity of 50 mA, separated by 3 min each. Inter-stimuli intervals in randomly ordered blocks were 10 s, 20 s or 30 s, respectively. RESULTS All Vc concepts displayed good to excellent relative (ICC 0.87-0.99) and generally good absolute within- and between-day reliability for both muscles. Across Vc-concepts, absolute reliability was higher for the rectus femoris (CV% 1.3-7.95%) compared to the biceps femoris (CV% 6.06-15.30%). In both muscles, Vc was generally not affected by different inter-stimuli intervals. For most Vc concepts, repeated stimulation induced an increase regardless of the inter-stimuli interval, but this effect was mainly trivial and small at most. CONCLUSIONS The reproducibility of Vc concepts was generally good but varies between different muscles. A rest interval of 10 s seems preferable to longer intervals for less time required per measurement. Following this initial study, the effect of different inter-stimuli intervals on Vc should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Langen
- Department of Sports Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Strength, Power and Technical Sports, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Olaf Ueberschär
- Department of Engineering and Industrial Design, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Biomechanics and Sport Technology, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Behringer
- Department of Sports Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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11
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Labata-Lezaun N, González-Rueda V, Llurda-Almuzara L, López-de-Celis C, Rodríguez-Sanz J, Cadellans-Arróniz A, Bosch J, Pérez-Bellmunt A. Correlation between Physical Performance and Tensiomyographic and Myotonometric Parameters in Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2169. [PMID: 37570409 PMCID: PMC10418601 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the correlation between physical performance and muscle strength and the variables obtained from tensiomyography and myotonometry. METHODS Fifty-two older adults able to complete functional tests participated in this observational study. Variables of maximal radial muscle displacement (Dm) and contraction time (Tc) (using tensiomyography) and muscle stiffness (using myotonometry) of the rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles were assessed. Physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery, Timed Up and Go, Five Times Sit to Stand, and walking speed), isometric knee extension strength, and grip strength were assessed. A correlation analysis was performed between all the variables. RESULTS A significant correlation between the Short Physical Performance Battery and the rectus femoris (rho = 0.491) and vastus lateralis Dm (rho = 0.329) was found. Significant correlations between the Five Times Sit to Stand Test and the Dm values of the rectus femoris (rho = -0.340) and Dm (rho = -0.304), and stiffness (rho = -0.345) in the vastus lateralis, were also found. No significant correlations were found between tensiomyography and myotonometry, the Timed Up and Go, and walking speed, nor between tensiomyography and myotonometry and grip strength or isometric knee extension strength. CONCLUSIONS Functional tests should be prioritized in the assessment of older adults, but further research into muscle quality using technology is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noé Labata-Lezaun
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
| | - Vanessa González-Rueda
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Llurda-Almuzara
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Gasteiz—EUNEIZ, La Biosfera Ibilbidea, 6, 01013 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Carlos López-de-Celis
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jacobo Rodríguez-Sanz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
| | - Aida Cadellans-Arróniz
- Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Joan Bosch
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
| | - Albert Pérez-Bellmunt
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (N.L.-L.); (J.R.-S.); (J.B.); (A.P.-B.)
- ACTIUM Functional Anatomy Group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (V.G.-R.); (L.L.-A.)
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12
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Teraž K, Šimunič B, Peskar M, Marusic U, Pišot S, Šlosar L, Gasparini M, Pišot R. Functional characteristics and subjective disease perception in patients with COVID-19 two months after hospital discharge. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2023; 4:1209900. [PMID: 37546579 PMCID: PMC10401436 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1209900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Although early inpatient and post-hospital rehabilitation is recognized as necessary, not all COVID-19 patients have access to rehabilitation. There are no published reports in the literature that investigate the outcomes of patients who do not receive rehabilitation after COVID-19. Our aim was to evaluate possible improvements in determinate functional and psychological parameters in COVID-19 patients two months after their hospital discharge. Methods On both time points various motor, cognitive, and clinical measurements such as body composition, tensiomyography, blood pressure, spirometry, grip strength test, Timed Up and Go test, gait speed, 30-second chair-stand test, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment, were performed. Additionally, questionnaires such as the SARC-CalF test, Edmonton frail scale, International Physical Activity questionnaire andThe Mediterranean Lifestyle index were conducted to assess lifestyle characteristics. Results A total of 39 patients (87.2% male; mean age of 59.1 ± 10.3 years), who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 at the Izola General Hospital (IGH), Slovenia between December 2020 and April 2021, were included. Patients were assessed at two time points (T1 and T2): T1 was taken after receiving a negative COVID-19 test and T2 was taken two months after T1. After two months of self-rehabilitation, we have detected a BMI increase (p < .001), fat free mass increase (p < .001), better Edmonton frail scale (p < .001), SARC-CalF score (p = .014) and MoCA score (p = .014). There were no detected changes in lifestyle habits nor in physical performance tests. Discussion It is already known that COVID-19 has long-term negative consequences regardless of the stage of the disease. Our findings support the notion that patients cannot fully regain all their functions within a two-month period without receiving structured or supervised rehabilitation. Therefore, it is crucial to offer patients comprehensive and structured rehabilitation that incorporates clinical, cognitive, and motor exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Teraž
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Manca Peskar
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Biological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Department of Psychology and Ergonomics, Faculty V: Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea – ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Saša Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Luka Šlosar
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea – ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Malden Gasparini
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital Izola, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
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Čular D, Babić M, Zubac D, Kezić A, Macan I, Peyré-Tartaruga LA, Ceccarini F, Padulo J. Tensiomyography: from muscle assessment to talent identification tool. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1163078. [PMID: 37435303 PMCID: PMC10330706 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1163078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tensiomyography (TMG) is a non-invasive and cost-effective tool that is gaining popularity in fields such as sports science, physical therapy, and medicine. In this narrative review, we examine the different applications of TMG and its strengths and limitations, including its use as a tool for sport talent identification and development. Methods: In the course of crafting this narrative review, an exhaustive literature search was carried out. Our exploration spanned several renowned scientific databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ResearchGate. The materials we sourced for our review included a broad spectrum of both experimental and non-experimental articles, all focusing on TMG. The experimental articles featured varied research designs including randomized controlled trials, quasi-experiments, as well as pre-post studies. As for the non-experimental articles, they encompassed a mix of case-control, cross-sectional, and cohort studies. Importantly, all articles included in our review were written in English and had been published in peer-reviewed journals. The assortment of studies considered provided a holistic view of the existing body of knowledge on TMG, and formed the basis of our comprehensive narrative review. Results: A total of 34 studies were included in the review, organized into three sections: 1) assessing muscle contractile properties of young athletes, 2) using TMG in the talent identification and development process and 3) Future research and perspectives. According to data presented here, the most consistent TMG parameters for determining muscle contractile properties are radial muscle belly displacement, contraction time, and delay time. Biopsy findings from the vastus lateralis (VL) confirmed TMG as a valid tool for estimating the ratio of myosin heavy chain (%MHC-I). Conclusion: TMGs ability to estimate the ratio of %MHC-I has the potential to aid in the selection of athletes with the muscle characteristics best suited for a particular sport, eliminating the need for more invasive procedures. However, more research is warranted to fully understand TMG's potential and its reliability when used with young athletes. Importantly, the use of TMG technology in this process can positively impact health status, reducing the frequency and severity of injuries and the duration of recovery, and subsequently can reduce drop out rates among youth athletes. Future studies should look at twin youth athletes, as a model capable of discriminating between the influence of hereditary factors vs. environmental factors, in therms of muscle contractility and TMG's potential for instance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dražen Čular
- University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia
- European Institute for Talents, Education, Research & Development, Split, Croatia
| | - Matej Babić
- University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Zubac
- University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia
- Science and Research Center Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen, Bonn, Cologne, Düsseldorf, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ana Kezić
- University of Split, Faculty of Kinesiology, Split, Croatia
| | - Iva Macan
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Francesco Ceccarini
- Division of Science, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Johnny Padulo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Pus K, Paravlic AH, Šimunič B. The use of tensiomyography in older adults: a systematic review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1213993. [PMID: 37398907 PMCID: PMC10311920 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1213993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Aging of skeletal muscles results in a cascade of events negatively affecting muscle mass, strength, and function, leading to reduced mobility, increased risk of falls, disability, and loss of independence. To date, different methods are used to assess muscle mechanical function, tensiomyography (TMG) being one of them. The aim of this review was twofold: to summarize the evidence-based usefulness of tensiomyography in older adults and to establish reference values for the main tensiomyography parameters in older adults. Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and tensiomyography databases were searched from inception until 25 December 2022. Studies investigating older adults (aged 60+ years) that reported tensiomyography-derived parameters such as contraction time (Tc) and/or maximal displacement (Dm) were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Results: In total, eight studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. Tensiomyography has been used on different groups of older adults, including asymptomatic, master athletes, patients with peripheral arterial disease, and patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis with a mean age of 71.5 ± 5.38 (55.7% male subjects). The most evaluated were leg muscles such as vastus lateralis (VL), gastrocnemius medialis (GM), and biceps femoris (BF). The present review demonstrates that tensiomyography is used to assess neuromuscular function in asymptomatic and diseased older adults. When compared to asymptomatic individuals, power master athletes, knee osteoarthritis patients, and patients diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease have the shortest Tc in BF, VL, and GM muscles, respectively. On the other hand, endurance master athletes showed the longest Tc in all three evaluated muscles. Less mobile, nursing-home residents showed higher Dm in VL and BF, while lower Dm in GM than the asymptomatic group. The knee osteoarthritis group showed the largest Dm in BF and VL while having the smallest Dm in GM. Conclusion: Tensiomyography can serve as a valuable tool for assessing neuromuscular function in older adults. The method is sensitive to muscle composition, architecture, and (pre) atrophic changes of the skeletal muscles and might be responsive to muscle quality changes in aging and diseased populations. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=402345, identifier CRD42023402345.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Pus
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea—ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Armin H. Paravlic
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
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15
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Teraž K, Marusic U, Kalc M, Šimunič B, Pori P, Grassi B, Lazzer S, Narici MV, Blenkuš MG, di Prampero PE, Reggiani C, Passaro A, Biolo G, Gasparini M, Pišot R. Sarcopenia parameters in active older adults - an eight-year longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:917. [PMID: 37208654 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD Sarcopenia is a common skeletal muscle syndrome that is common in older adults but can be mitigated by adequate and regular physical activity. The development and severity of sarcopenia is favored by several factors, the most influential of which are a sedentary lifestyle and physical inactivity. The aim of this observational longitudinal cohort study was to evaluate changes in sarcopenia parameters, based on the EWGSOP2 definition in a population of active older adults after eight years. It was hypothesized that selected active older adults would perform better on sarcopenia tests than the average population. METHODS The 52 active older adults (22 men and 30 women, mean age: 68.4 ± 5.6 years at the time of their first evaluation) participated in the study at two time points eight-years apart. Three sarcopenia parameters were assessed at both time points: Muscle strength (handgrip test), skeletal muscle mass index, and physical performance (gait speed), these parameters were used to diagnose sarcop0enia according to the EWGSOP2 definition. Additional motor tests were also performed at follow-up measurements to assess participants' overall fitness. Participants self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior using General Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline and at follow-up measurements. RESULTS In the first measurements we did not detect signs of sarcopenia in any individual, but after 8 years, we detected signs of sarcopenia in 7 participants. After eight years, we detected decline in ; muscle strength (-10.2%; p < .001), muscle mass index (-5.4%; p < .001), and physical performance measured with gait speed (-28.6%; p < .001). Similarly, self-reported physical activity and sedentary behavior declined, too (-25.0%; p = .030 and - 48.5%; p < .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Despite expected lower scores on tests of sarcopenia parameters due to age-related decline, participants performed better on motor tests than reported in similar studies. Nevertheless, the prevalence of sarcopenia was consistent with most of the published literature. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04899531.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Teraž
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia.
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Uros Marusic
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea - ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Miloš Kalc
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Primož Pori
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bruno Grassi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Stefano Lazzer
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Pietro Enrico di Prampero
- Emeritus Professor of Physiology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Department of Sport Science, Exelio SRL, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Reggiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant'Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianni Biolo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mladen Gasparini
- Department of General Surgery, Izola General Hospital, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
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Šimunič B, Doles M, Kelc R, Švent A. Effectiveness of 448-kHz Capacitive Resistive Monopolar Radiofrequency Therapy After Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage to Restore Muscle Strength and Contractile Parameters. J Sport Rehabil 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37192748 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is prevalent especially in sports and rehabilitation. It causes loss in skeletal muscle function and soreness. As there are no firm preventive strategies, we aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of nonthermal 448-kHz capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency (CRMRF) therapy after eccentric bouts of EIMD response in knee flexors. DESIGN Twenty-nine healthy males (age: 25.2 [4.6] y) were randomized in control group (CG; n = 15) and experimental group (EG; n = 14) where EG followed 5 daily 448-kHz CRMRF therapies. All assessments were performed at baseline and post EIMD (EIMD + 1, EIMD + 2, EIMD + 5, and EIMD + 9 d). We measured tensiomyography of biceps femoris and semitendinosus to calculate contraction time, the maximal displacement and the radial velocity of contraction, unilateral isometric knee flexors maximal voluntary contraction torque, and rate of torque development in first 100 milliseconds. RESULTS Maximal voluntary contraction torque and rate of torque development in first 100 milliseconds decreased more in CG than in EG and recovered only in EG. Biceps femoris contraction time increased only in CG (without recovery), whereas in semitendinosus contraction time increased in EG (only at EIMD + 1) and in CG (without recovery). In both muscles, tensiomyographic maximal displacement decreased in EG (in EIMD + 1 and EIMD + 2) and in CG (without recovery). Furthermore, in both muscles, radial velocity of contraction decreased in EG (from EIMD + 1 until EIMD + 5) and in CG (without recovery). CONCLUSION The study shows beneficial effect of CRMRF therapy after inducing EIMD in skeletal muscle strength and contractile parameters in knee flexors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boštjan Šimunič
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper,Slovenia
| | - Monika Doles
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper,Slovenia
| | - Robi Kelc
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Sports Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor,Slovenia
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Kalc M, Puš K, Paravlic A, Urbanc J, Šimunič B. Diagnostic accuracy of Tensiomyography parameters for monitoring peripheral neuromuscular fatigue. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2023; 70:102775. [PMID: 37068408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic accuracy of tensiomyography (TMG) parameters compared to the gold standard in neuromuscular fatigue evaluation using voluntary and electrically induced muscle activation is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of TMG parameters to detect individual changes after interventions that were designed to induce central or peripheral fatigue. Nineteen males (age: 32.2 ± 9.3 years) performed two interventions, consisting of maintaining 25% of maximal voluntary contraction (MViC25%) and a 30 s all-out cycling test (Wingate), respectively. TMG parameters, maximum voluntary contraction (PtMViC), voluntary activation (VA%) and electrically elicited double twitches (Dtw) were assessed on the knee extensors before (PRE), one minute (POST) and seven minutes after (POST7) the intervention. The diagnostic accuracy (AUC) of TMG parameters were evaluated in comparison to two criteria measures (PtMViC and Dtw). RM ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between the effects of intervention and time on VA% (p = 0.001) and Dtw (p < 0.001) but not for PtMViC (p = 0.420). AUC showed that TMG parameters had a good ability in detecting muscular fatigue assessed by Dtw but not by PtMViC. The results of the current study suggest that TMG parameters can be used to monitor peripheral neuromuscular fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Kalc
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine, Maribor, Slovenia; Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia.
| | - Katarina Puš
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Health Sciences, Alma Mater Europaea - ECM, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Armin Paravlic
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia; University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jure Urbanc
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
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Padrón-Cabo A, Corredoira FJ, Lorenzo-Martínez M, González-Víllora S, Rey E. Tensiomyographic Assessment of Contractile Properties in Elite Youth Soccer Players According to Maturity Status. J Hum Kinet 2023; 87:71-80. [PMID: 37229402 PMCID: PMC10203836 DOI: 10.5114/jhk/161571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about how muscle contractile properties are affected by biological maturation in elite youth soccer players. This study aimed to determine the effects of maturation on contractile properties of rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) muscles assessed by tensiomyography (TMG) and provide reference values for elite youth soccer players. One hundred twenty-one elite youth soccer players (14.98 ± 1.83 years; 167.38 ± 10.37 cm; 60.65 ± 11.69 kg) took part in the study. The predicted peak height velocity (PHV) was used in order to establish players' maturity status (Pre-PHV, n = 18; Mid-PHV, n = 37; Post-PHV = 66). Maximal radial displacement of the muscle belly, contraction time, delay time, and contraction velocity for RF and BF muscles were recorded. One-way ANOVA showed no significant differences between PHV groups for any tensiomyography variables in RF and BF muscles (p > 0.05). Our results established that maturity status did not show a significant effect in mechanical and contractile properties on RF and BF muscles evaluated by TMG in elite youth soccer players. These findings and reference values can be useful for strength and conditioning coaches of elite soccer academies in order to optimize the evaluation of neuromuscular profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Padrón-Cabo
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | - Sixto González-Víllora
- Department of Physical Education, Arts Education, and Music, Faculty of Education, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Rey
- Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
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Ipavec M, Kukec Ž, Kacin A. Comparison of tensiomyographic contractile properties of the knee muscles between endurance and power athletes. ISOKINET EXERC SCI 2023. [DOI: 10.3233/ies-230010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Postactivation potentiation (PAP) enhances contractility of skeletal muscle whereas fatigue deteriorates it. Available evidence suggests that the two phenomena may express differently in endurance and power athletes. OBJECTIVE: To compare the patterns of change in knee muscle contractility induced by PAP and fatigue between endurance and power athletes. METHODS: Eleven endurance and ten power athletes (age: 18–33 years) performed isokinetic fatigue and isometric PAP protocols with knee extensors and flexors on computerised dynamometer. Tensiomyography (TMG) of the vastus medialis and semitendinosus muscle medialis was performed before the protocols and during a 10-min recovery. RESULTS: The changes in TMG profile were most pronounced in the vastus medialis of power athletes following the PAP protocol and least pronounced in the semitendinosus of the endurance athletes following the fatigue protocol. The differences between athlete types were most significant for the time-domain TMG parameters of vastus medialis. A significant correlation (r= 0.51–0.73) between the fatigue indices and changes in TMG parameters was observed for the vastus medialis muscle only. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the TMG patterns of PAP and fatigue in the vastus muscle differ between endurance and power athletes. In this muscle, the changes in TMG parameters are also strongly associated with the degree of fatigue.
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Yeom S, Jeong H, Lee H, Jeon K. Effects of Lumbar Stabilization Exercises on Isokinetic Strength and Muscle Tension in Sedentary Men. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030342. [PMID: 36978733 PMCID: PMC10045455 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lumbar stabilization exercises (LSE) lead to high levels of erector spinae muscle (ESM) activation, which has a positive effect on improving physical function. The purpose of this study is to identify factors explaining changes in muscle strength after 7 weeks of LSE and to evaluate changes in stiffness and contraction of the ESM. All participants (male: n = 42, age = 28.26 ± 10.97) were assessed for 60°/s isokinetic extensor muscle strength and tension using a tensiomyography (TMG) and isokinetic device before and after LSE. Maximum displacement (Dm) and average velocity up to 90% Dm (Vc 90) were significantly different before and after LSE. Additionally, participants’ 60°/s isokinetic extensor strength was significantly higher after exercise. A regression analysis was conducted to test the explanatory power of the variables, and positive results were obtained in the increase in extensor strength before and after Vc 90 and LSE. Furthermore, statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. After LSE, the increase in 60°/s isokinetic extensor strength and ESM’s Dm and Vc 90 can be interpreted as positive changes post-exercise in endurance muscles with a higher percentage of type I fibers. Our results can contribute to predicting the long-term exercise effect in sedentary workers and developing an individualized strategic exercise program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyeok Yeom
- Division of Sport Science, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Functional Rehabilitation Biomechanics Laboratory, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongdo Jeong
- Functional Rehabilitation Biomechanics Laboratory, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Lee
- Division of Sport Science, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Functional Rehabilitation Biomechanics Laboratory, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Human Movement Science, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungkyu Jeon
- Division of Sport Science, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Functional Rehabilitation Biomechanics Laboratory, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Department of Human Movement Science, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Sport Science Institute, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Health Promotion Center, Incheon National University, 119 Academy-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-835-8578
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Kusumoto Y, Goto H, Chiba K, Oonishi S, Tsuchiya J. Characteristics of muscle contraction of the rectus femoris using tensiomyography by sex in healthy college students: a cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14732. [PMID: 36655037 PMCID: PMC9841898 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tensiomyography (TMG) is a non-invasive instrument for measuring mechanical muscle contraction characteristics and measuring the maximum displacement of the muscle belly in the radial direction with respect to the muscle and the time needed to achieve this from electrical stimulation. There have been only been a reports of TMG in healthy adults. A systematic review of TMG reported a low proportion of female participants, with a small sample size. Therefore, it is unclear whether there is a difference in TMG parameters according to sex and between dominant and non-dominant feet. Furthermore, the relationship between TMG parameters and evaluations commonly used in clinical practice has not been clarified. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of muscle contraction of the rectus femoris using TMG according to sex among healthy college students and its relationship with muscle function evaluation, such as lower limb muscle mass and muscle strength. Methods This cross-sectional study included 91 healthy university students (18-24 years). Five tools were used: TMG, lower-limb muscle mass, rectus femoris thickness, isometric knee joint extension torque, and thigh circumference. Each parameter was compared by the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) and Bonferroni's multiple comparison test, with sex as the without-subject factor and dominant/non-dominant foot as the within-subject factor. The correlation between the TMG parameters and other parameters was examined using Pearson's correlation coefficient for both males and females. Results The results of the GLMM, in terms of the TMG parameters, an interaction was observed for maximum displacement (Dm); in the results of the multiple comparison test, Dm for the non-dominant leg was significantly lower in females than in males. A main effect and interaction were not observed for delay time (Td) and contraction time (Tc) by sex, dominant foot, or non-dominant foot. There was a main effect of sex on muscle function evaluation parameters (ρ ≤ 0.05). The correlation between TMG parameters for males and females and lower limb muscle mass, muscle thickness, joint torque, and thigh circumference were significantly correlated with some TMG parameters, lower limb muscle mass and muscle thickness (ρ ≤ 0.05). The absolute value of the correlation coefficient was low overall (0.20-0.38). Conclusion In healthy college students, TMG parameters for the rectus femoris showed sex differences in Dm, and there was a weak correlation between TMG parameters and lower limb muscle mass. TMG parameter evaluation may indicate a different function compared to the traditional muscle function assessment used in clinical practice. When using the Dm of the TMG as an evaluation battery for the rectus femoris muscle, it is important to consider sex-related differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuaki Kusumoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fukushima Medical University School of Health Sciences, Fukushima city, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Kohei Chiba
- Department of Rehabilitation, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sakiko Oonishi
- Major of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo University of Technology, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Tsuchiya
- Major of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation, Tokyo University of Technology, Ohta-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Pajović L, Toskić L, Stanković V, Lilić L, Cicović B. Muscle Contractile Properties Measured by the Tensiomyography (TMG) Method in Top-Level Football Players of Different Playing Positions: The Case of Serbian Super League. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:924. [PMID: 36673686 PMCID: PMC9859018 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in muscle contractile properties measured by the TMG method between top-level football players of different playing positions. The sample consisted of 57 football players from the Serbian Super League, divided into three groups: defenders-DF, midfielders-MF, and forwards-FW. Muscles included in the study were the Rectus Femoris (RF), Vastus Medialis (VM), Vastus Lateralis (VL), Biceps Femoris (BF), and Semitendinosus (ST) of the right (R) and left (L) leg. The TMG parameters used in this study were contraction time (Tc), delay time (Td), relaxation time (Tr), maximal displacement (Dm), and sustain time (Ts). The ANOVA results showed that differences in TMG parameters between top-level football players of different playing positions are small and exist only in the Tr of RF (F = 4.658, p = 0.014), BF (F = 4.433, p = 0.016), and ST muscle (F = 3.808, p = 0.028), and the Tc (F = 3.214, p = 0.048) and Td (F = 3.705, p = 0.031) of the VM muscle. All differences were detected between DF and FW players, and all differences were in the left (non-dominant) leg. The results obtained in this study indicate that the training and selection process in football, from the aspect of functional and mechanical muscle properties, should be similar for all players, regardless of playing position. It has been shown that TMG has relatively low sensitive strength for detecting differences between football players of different playing positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazar Pajović
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, 71420 Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lazar Toskić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština–Kosovska Mitrovica, 38218 Leposavić, Serbia
- Faculty of Sport, University “Union–Nikola Tesla”, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Veroljub Stanković
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, 71420 Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština–Kosovska Mitrovica, 38218 Leposavić, Serbia
| | - Ljubiša Lilić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština–Kosovska Mitrovica, 38218 Leposavić, Serbia
| | - Borislav Cicović
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, 71420 Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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23
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Wohlann T, Warneke K, Hillebrecht M, Petersmann A, Ferrauti A, Schiemann S. Effects of daily static stretch training over 6 weeks on maximal strength, muscle thickness, contraction properties, and flexibility. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1139065. [PMID: 37139297 PMCID: PMC10149921 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1139065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Static stretch training (SST) with long stretching durations seems to be sufficient to increase flexibility, maximum strength (MSt) and muscle thickness (MTh). However, changes in contraction properties and effects on muscle damage remain unclear. Consequently, the objective of the study was to investigate the effects of a 6-week self-performed SST on MSt, MTh, contractile properties, flexibility, and acute response of creatine kinase (CK) 3 days after SST. Methods Forty-four participants were divided into a control (CG, n = 22) and an intervention group (IG, n = 22), who performed a daily SST for 5 min for the lower limb muscle group. While isometric MSt was measured in leg press, MTh was examined via sonography and flexibility by functional tests. Muscle stiffness and contraction time were measured by tensiomyography on the rectus femoris. Additionally, capillary blood samples were taken in the pretest and in the first 3 days after starting SST to measure CK. Results A significant increase was found for MSt (p < 0.001, η 2 = 0.195) and flexibility in all functional tests (p < 0.001, η 2 > 0.310). Scheffé post hoc test did not show significant differences between the rectus femoris muscle inter- and intragroup comparisons for MTh nor for muscle stiffness and contraction time (p > 0.05, η 2 < 0.100). Moreover, CK was not significantly different between IG and CG with p > 0.05, η 2 = 0.032. Discussion In conclusion, the increase in MSt cannot be exclusively explained by muscular hypertrophy or the increased CK-related repair mechanism after acute stretching. Rather, neuronal adaptations have to be considered. Furthermore, daily 5-min SST over 6 weeks does not seem sufficient to change muscle stiffness or contraction time. Increases in flexibility tests could be attributed to a stretch-induced change in the muscle-tendon complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Wohlann
- Institute for Exercise, Sport and Health, Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Germany
- Correspondence: Tim Wohlann
| | - Konstantin Warneke
- Institute for Exercise, Sport and Health, Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Martin Hillebrecht
- University Sports Centre, Carl von University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Petersmann
- University Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Schiemann
- Institute for Exercise, Sport and Health, Leuphana University, Lüneburg, Germany
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Langen G, Sandau I, Ueberschär O, Nosaka K, Behringer M. Methodical approaches to determine the rate of radial muscle displacement using tensiomyography: A scoping review and new reporting guideline. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2022; 67:102702. [PMID: 36183503 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2022.102702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tensiomyography is a non-invasive method to assess skeletal muscle contractile properties from the stimulated radial displacement. Many studies have used the rate of displacement (Vc) as an indirect measure of muscle contraction velocity. However, no standardised methodical approach exists to measure displacement and determine Vc. This review aimed to provide an overview of concepts to determine Vc and measurement protocols to foster the development of a standardised methodical approach. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guideline. Systematic searches were performed within five electronic databases and additional sources. The included 62 studies reported 10 different concepts to determine Vc, which we summarised in three groups. The determination concepts differed mainly regarding time intervals during the contraction phase considered and criteria used to define these intervals. Essential information on the equipment and raters, measurement setup, electrical stimulation procedure, and data analysis were frequently not reported. In conclusion, no consensus on how to determine Vc existed. Incomplete reporting of measurement protocols hindered study comparison, which obstructs developing a standardised approach. Therefore, we propose a new guideline for reporting measurement protocols, which covers the 1) equipment and rater, 2) measurement setup, including positioning of the subject, sensor and electrodes, 3) electrical stimulation, including initial stimulation amplitude, increment, and endpoint, and 4) data analysis, including selection criteria and number of analysed signals and a definition of derived parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Langen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Performance Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Strength Power and Technical Sports, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - I Sandau
- Department of Strength Power and Technical Sports, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - O Ueberschär
- Department of Engineering and Industrial Design, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Biomechanics, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K Nosaka
- Centre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - M Behringer
- Department of Sports Medicine and Performance Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Wieland B, Behringer M, Zentgraf K. Effects of motor imagery training on skeletal muscle contractile properties in sports science students. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14412. [PMID: 36447512 PMCID: PMC9701499 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies on motor imagery (MI) practice based on different designs and training protocols have reported changes in maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) strength. However, to date, there is a lack of information on the effects of MI training on contractile properties of the trained muscle. Methods Forty-five physically active sport science students (21 female) were investigated who trained three times per week over a 4-week period in one of three groups: An MI group conducted MI practice of maximal isometric contraction of the biceps brachii; a physical exercise (PE) group physically practiced maximal isometric contractions of the biceps brachii in a biceps curling machine; and a visual imagery (VI) group performed VI training of a landscape. A MVC test of the arm flexors was performed in a biceps curling machine before and after 4 weeks of training. The muscular properties of the biceps brachii were also tested with tensiomyography measurements (TMG). Results Results showed an interaction effect between time and group for MVC (p = 0.027, η 2 = 0.17), with a higher MVC value in the PE group (Δ5.9%) compared to the VI group (Δ -1.3%) (p = 0.013). MVC did not change significantly in the MI group (Δ2.1%). Analysis of muscle contractility via TMG did not show any interaction effects neither for maximal radial displacement (p = 0.394, η 2 = 0.05), delay time (p = 0.79, η 2 = 0.01) nor contraction velocity (p = 0.71, η 2 = 0.02). Conclusion In spite of MVC-related changes in the PE group due to the interventions, TMG measurements were not sensitive enough to detect concomitant neuronal changes related to contractile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Wieland
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Sports Sciences, Movement and Exercise Science in Sports Unit, Germany
| | - Michael Behringer
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Sports Sciences, Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology Unit, Germany
| | - Karen Zentgraf
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Department of Sports Sciences, Movement and Exercise Science in Sports Unit, Germany
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Buoite Stella A, Galimi A, Martini M, Di Lenarda L, Murena L, Deodato M. Muscle Asymmetries in the Lower Limbs of Male Soccer Players: Preliminary Findings on the Association between Countermovement Jump and Tensiomyography. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:177. [PMID: 36422945 PMCID: PMC9694285 DOI: 10.3390/sports10110177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Strength and power asymmetries have been observed in different sports, including soccer. Such asymmetries, as well as the bilateral deficit (BLD), can be assessed during different tasks, static or dynamic, and with different methods and devices, in order to detect the possible different aspects, as well as the association with physical performance and injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between muscle asymmetries and BLD during a countermovement jump (CMJ), and tensiomyography (TMG) parameters and asymmetries, in the lower limbs of male soccer players. A total of 23 male soccer players (18 ± 4 years) were recruited. Bilateral and unilateral CMJs were performed, and peak power (W) and height (cm) were obtained. TMG was performed on different muscles of the lower limbs, and lateral and functional symmetries were obtained. Playing position and history of injuries were collected. CMJ inter-limb symmetry was found to significantly correlate with biceps femoris (r = 0.574, p = 0.004) and soleus (r = 0.437, p = 0.037) lateral symmetry. Players in central roles presented significantly worse functional symmetry scores of the knee than defense players (-17.5%, 95% CI -31.2--3.9; p = 0.10). Participants reporting a history of injury at the ankle were characterized by significantly lower functional symmetry in both the dominant (43%, 39.5-48.0 vs. 74.5%, 46.5-89.3, p = 0.019) and non-dominant (45%, 42.5-46.0 vs. 81.0%, 45.8-90.3, p = 0.024) ankle. Findings from this preliminary study suggest an association between lower-limb muscle asymmetries during a dynamic task, such as jumping, and muscle contractile properties evaluated with TMG; moreover, functional asymmetries may be present after ankle injuries. Future studies in larger samples should evaluate the presence of such asymmetries as predictors or characteristics of different muscular and joint injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Buoite Stella
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Pascoli 31, 34100 Trieste, Italy
- Clinical, Integrative and Translational Physiology, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Annalisa Galimi
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Pascoli 31, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Pascoli 31, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Di Lenarda
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, Cattinara Hospital-ASUGI, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi Murena
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Pascoli 31, 34100 Trieste, Italy
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, Cattinara Hospital-ASUGI, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Manuela Deodato
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Pascoli 31, 34100 Trieste, Italy
- Ph.D. Program in Neural and Cognitive Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Weiss 2, 34100 Trieste, Italy
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Differences in the Contractile Properties of the Biceps Femoris and Semitendinosus Muscles Throughout a Season in Professional Soccer Players. J Hum Kinet 2022; 84:74-81. [DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2022-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this study was to monitor seasonal changes in the mechanical and neuromuscular characteristics of the knee flexor muscles with tensiomyography, the biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles, of 27 soccer players. All male professional soccer players (age 25 ± 4 years) were measured at the beginning of the preseason (second week) and in the competitive season (10 weeks later). The variables contraction time (Tc) and muscle displacement (Dm) showed significant differences in some muscles, and in others they indicated a tendency to change. In general, the BF improved (more explosive and better muscle tone) and the ST worsened (slower and worse muscle tone) its values during the season. The findings of this study suggest that usual daily soccer training and weekly competition might produce antagonistic changes between the knee flexor muscles.
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Jeknić V, Dopsaj M, Toskić L, Koropanovski N. Muscle Contraction Adaptations in Top-Level Karate Athletes Assessed by Tensiomyography. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10309. [PMID: 36011944 PMCID: PMC9408118 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper aimed to compare the involuntary stimulated neuromuscular response of thigh muscles in top-level karate athletes and recreational groups. METHODS The study included 13 male karate athletes (KAs) and 14 non-athlete male individuals (NAs). Tensiomyographic (TMG) measurements were obtained from the rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST). RESULTS Statistically significant differences were observed between KAs and NAs in knee extensor/flexor delay time (Td), contraction time (Tc), total contraction time (Tct), maximal radial displacement of the muscle belly (Dm) and rate of muscle tension development (RMTD). On a group level, KA dominant-leg extensors and flexors and also non-dominant-leg knee flexors had significant differences when compared to NA. Tct is a TMG parameter in which the KAs and NAs differ the most in the case of the knee extensors, while flexor muscles differ the most in the RMTD parameter. CONCLUSIONS The lower Tct values indicate an improved ability of top-level karateka to make fast contractions of the agonist muscles. KAs' higher RMTD values suggest on strength characteristics needed in breaking actions of the antagonist muscles. Existence of contraction-relaxation-contraction neuromuscular pattern in the RF muscle suggests on implementation of training strategies that involves both rapid muscle contractions and relaxations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velimir Jeknić
- Palms Sports, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 111188, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Sport, Abu Dhabi Police College, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 111188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Milivoj Dopsaj
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Belgrade, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lazar Toskić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University in Priština-Kosovska Mitrovica, 38218 Leposavić, Serbia
- Faculty of Sport, University “Union-Nikola Tesla”, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nenad Koropanovski
- Department of Criminalistics, University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
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Franchi MV, Sarto F, Simunič B, Pišot R, Narici MV. Early Changes of Hamstrings Morphology and Contractile Properties during 10 d of Complete Inactivity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1346-1354. [PMID: 35324511 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The hamstrings (HS) muscle group plays a fundamental role in maintaining knee stability, thus contributing to the prevention and rehabilitation of lower limb musculoskeletal injuries. However, little is known about HS structural and functional adaptations after periods of prolonged inactivity. Our purpose was to investigate the HS morphological and contractile properties changes during 10 d of bed rest (BR). METHODS Ten young healthy males underwent a 10-d BR. HS cross-sectional area (CSA) (at 30%, 50%, and 70% of femur length) and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) architecture were assessed by ultrasound imaging after 0 d (BR0), 2 d (BR2), 4 d (BR4), 6 d (BR6), and 10 d (BR10) of BR, whereas BFlh contractile properties (radial twitch displacement [Dm] and contraction time [Tc]) were evaluated at the same time points by tensiomyography. HS muscle volume was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging at BR0 and BR10. RESULTS A reduction in muscle volume was observed in BFlh ( P = 0.002; Δ = -3.53%), biceps femoris short head ( P = 0.002; Δ = -3.54%), semitendinosus ( P = 0.002; Δ = -2.63%), semimembranosus ( P = 0.002; Δ = -2.01%), and HS pooled together ( P < 0.001; Δ = -2.78%). Early changes in CSA were detected at 30% femur length already at BR6 for BFlh ( P = 0.009; Δ = -2.66%) and biceps femoris short head ( P = 0.049; Δ = -1.96%). We also found a reduction in fascicle length at BR6 ( P = 0.035; Δ = -2.44%) and BR10 ( P < 0.001; Δ = -2.84%). Dm and Tc increased at BR2 ( P = 0.010; Δ = 30.0%) and B10 ( P = 0.019; Δ = 19.7%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Despite being a nonpostural muscle group, HS exhibited a moderate reduction in muscle dimensions in response to a short unloading period. Small changes in BFlh fascicle length were also observed, accompanied by alterations in BFLh contractile properties. These HS modifications should not be ignored from a clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Sarto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, ITALY
| | - Boštian Simunič
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, SLOVENIA
| | - Rado Pišot
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, SLOVENIA
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Tensiomyography Allows to Discriminate between Injured and Non-Injured Biceps Femoris Muscle. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050746. [PMID: 35625474 PMCID: PMC9138955 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hamstring muscle group is the most frequently injured muscle group in non-contact muscle injuries in sports involving high-speed running. A total of 84% of hamstring injuries affect the biceps femoris (BF) muscle. Clinical assessments and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are routinely used for diagnosis and plan management. MRI-negative scans for clinically diagnosed hamstring injuries range from 14% to 45%. We tested the hypothesis that the functional differences between injured and non-injured BF assessed by tensiomyography can be used for diagnostic and classification purposes. We compared an injured group of 53 international-level soccer players and sprinters with 53 non-injured international-level soccer players and sprinters of both sexes. Comparing the injured vs. non-injured athletes and the left vs. right side in all of the athletes, we used the percentage of absolute differences in the BF contraction time (Tc) to classify non-injured and injured BF muscles. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) and the precision−recall curve (PRC) were used to measure the classification accuracy and to identify cut-off limits using the Tc differences. There was a very high ROC AUC value of 0.981 (SE = 0.009, p < 0.000), with 98.11% of the injured muscles being correctly classified (cut-off point 12.50% on Tc differences), and an AUPRC value of 0.981, with association classification criteria at >9.87. Tensiomyography has a high predictive ability to discriminate between injured and non-injured BF non-invasively and functionally.
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Paravlic AH, Segula J, Drole K, Hadzic V, Pajek M, Vodicar J. Tissue Flossing Around the Thigh Does Not Provide Acute Enhancement of Neuromuscular Function. Front Physiol 2022; 13:870498. [PMID: 35574482 PMCID: PMC9091176 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.870498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, various methods are used for acute performance enhancement. The most recent of these is tissue flossing, which is becoming increasingly popular for both performance enhancement and rehabilitation. However, the effects of flossing on athletic performance have not been clearly demonstrated, which could be due to differences in the methodology used. In particular, the rest periods between the end of the preconditioning activity and the performance of the criterion task or assessment tools varied considerably in the published literature. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of applying tissue flossing to the thigh on bilateral countermovement jump performance and contractile properties of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle. Nineteen recreational athletes (11 males; aged 23.1 ± 2.7 years) were randomly assigned to days of flossing application (3 sets for 2 min of flossing with 2 min rest between sets) with preset experimental pressure (EXP = 95 ± 17.4 mmHg) or control condition (CON = 18.9 ± 3.5 mmHg). The first part of the measurements was performed before and after warm-up consisting of 5 min of cycling followed by dynamic stretching and specific jumping exercises, while the second part consisted of six measurement points after flossing application (0.5, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 min). The warm-up improved muscle response time (VL = -5%), contraction time (VL = -3.6%) muscle stiffness (VL = 17.5%), contraction velocity (VL = 23.5%), jump height (13.9%) and average power (10.5%). On the contrary, sustain time, half-relaxation time and take-off velocity stayed unaltered. Flossing, however, showed negative effects for muscle response time (F = 18.547, p < 0.001), contraction time (F = 14.899, p < 0.001), muscle stiffness (F = 8.365, p < 0.001), contraction velocity (F = 11.180, p < 0.001), jump height (F = 14.888, p < 0.001) and average power (F = 13.488, p < 0.001), whereas sustain time, half-relaxation time and take-off velocity were unaffected until the end of the study protocol regardless of condition assigned and/or time points of the assessment. It was found that the warm-up routine potentiated neuromuscular function, whereas the flossing protocol used in the current study resulted in fatigue rather than potentiation. Therefore, future studies aimed to investigate the dose-response relationship of different configurations of preconditioning activities on neuromuscular function are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin H. Paravlic
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jure Segula
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Drole
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vedran Hadzic
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Pajek
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Vodicar
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Hickmott LM, Chilibeck PD, Shaw KA, Butcher SJ. The Effect of Load and Volume Autoregulation on Muscular Strength and Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:9. [PMID: 35038063 PMCID: PMC8762534 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00404-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Autoregulation has emerged as a potentially beneficial resistance training paradigm to individualize and optimize programming; however, compared to standardized prescription, the effects of autoregulated load and volume prescription on muscular strength and hypertrophy adaptations are unclear. Our objective was to compare the effect of autoregulated load prescription (repetitions in reserve-based rating of perceived exertion and velocity-based training) to standardized load prescription (percentage-based training) on chronic one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength and cross-sectional area (CSA) hypertrophy adaptations in resistance-trained individuals. We also aimed to investigate the effect of volume autoregulation with velocity loss thresholds ≤ 25% compared to > 25% on 1RM strength and CSA hypertrophy. Methods This review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus was conducted. Mean differences (MD), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated. Sub-analyses were performed as applicable. Results Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis: six studies on load autoregulation and nine studies on volume autoregulation. No significant differences between autoregulated and standardized load prescription were demonstrated for 1RM strength (MD = 2.07, 95% CI – 0.32 to 4.46 kg, p = 0.09, SMD = 0.21). Velocity loss thresholds ≤ 25% demonstrated significantly greater 1RM strength (MD = 2.32, 95% CI 0.33 to 4.31 kg, p = 0.02, SMD = 0.23) and significantly lower CSA hypertrophy (MD = 0.61, 95% CI 0.05 to 1.16 cm2, p = 0.03, SMD = 0.28) than velocity loss thresholds > 25%. No significant differences between velocity loss thresholds > 25% and 20–25% were demonstrated for hypertrophy (MD = 0.36, 95% CI – 0.29 to 1.00 cm2, p = 0.28, SMD = 0.13); however, velocity loss thresholds > 25% demonstrated significantly greater hypertrophy compared to thresholds ≤ 20% (MD = 0.64, 95% CI 0.07 to 1.20 cm2, p = 0.03, SMD = 0.34). Conclusions Collectively, autoregulated and standardized load prescription produced similar improvements in strength. When sets and relative intensity were equated, velocity loss thresholds ≤ 25% were superior for promoting strength possibly by minimizing acute neuromuscular fatigue while maximizing chronic neuromuscular adaptations, whereas velocity loss thresholds > 20–25% were superior for promoting hypertrophy by accumulating greater relative volume. Protocol Registration The original protocol was prospectively registered (CRD42021240506) with the PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-021-00404-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landyn M Hickmott
- College of Medicine, Health Sciences Program, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
| | | | - Keely A Shaw
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Scotty J Butcher
- School of Rehabilitation Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Langen G, Lohr C, Ueberschär O, Behringer M. Reproducibility of knee extensor and flexor contraction velocity in healthy men and women assessed using tensiomyography: A study protocol. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262156. [PMID: 34990494 PMCID: PMC8735606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tensiomyography measures the radial displacement of a muscle during an electrically evoked twitch contraction. The rate of muscle displacement is increasingly reported to assess contractile properties. Several formulas currently exist to calculate the rate of displacement during the contraction phase of the maximal twitch response. However, information on the reproducibility of these formulas is scarce. Further, different rest intervals ranging from 10 s to 30 s are applied between consecutive stimuli during progressive electrical stimulation until the maximum twitch response. The effect of different rest intervals on the rate of displacement has not been investigated so far. The first aim of this study is to investigate the within and between-day reliability of the most frequently used formulas to calculate the rate of displacement. The second aim is to investigate the effect of changing the inter-stimulus interval on the rate of displacement. We will determine the rectus femoris and biceps femoris rate of displacement of twenty-four healthy subjects’ dominant leg on two consecutive days. The maximum displacement curve will be determined two times within three minutes on the first day and a third time 24 h later. On day two, we will also apply three blocks of ten consecutive stimuli at a constant intensity of 50 mA. Inter-stimuli intervals will be 10 s, 20 s or 30 s in each block, respectively, and three minutes between blocks. The order of inter-stimulus intervals will be randomized. This study will allow a direct comparison between the five most frequently used formulas to calculate the rate of displacement in terms of their reproducibility. Our data will also inform on the effect of different inter-stimulus intervals on the rate of displacement. These results will provide helpful information on methodical considerations to determine the rate of displacement and may thus contribute to a standardized approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Langen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Performance Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Technical-Tactical Sports, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Olaf Ueberschär
- Department of Engineering and Industrial Design, Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Biomechanics, Institute for Applied Training Science, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Behringer
- Department of Sports Medicine and Performance Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Pakosz P, Lukanova-Jakubowska A, Łuszczki E, Gnoiński M, García-García O. Asymmetry and changes in the neuromuscular profile of short-track athletes as a result of strength training. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261265. [PMID: 34919582 PMCID: PMC8682892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to identify the biomedical signals of short-track athletes by evaluating the effects of monthly strength training on changes in their neuromuscular profile, strength, and power parameters of the lower limb muscles. Muscle asymmetry, which can cause a risk of injury, was also evaluated. Methods and results This study involved female athletes, age 18.8 ± 2.7 years, with a height of 162 ± 2.4 cm, and weight of 55.9 ± 3.9 kg. Before and after the monthly preparatory period prior to the season, strength measurements were assessed through the Swift SpeedMat platform, and reactivity of the lower limb muscles was assessed with tensiomyography (TMG). The athletes were also tested before and after the recovery training period. In the test after strength training, all average countermovement jump (CMJ) results improved. Flight time showed an increase with a moderate to large effect, using both legs (5.21%). Among the TMG parameters, time contraction (Tc) changed globally with a decrease (-5.20%). Changes in the results of the test after recovery training were most often not significant. Conclusion A monthly period of strength training changes the neuromuscular profile of short-track female athletes, with no significant differences between the right and left lower limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Pakosz
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszow, Poland
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Quantification of the Link between Timed Up-and-Go Test Subtasks and Contractile Muscle Properties. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21196539. [PMID: 34640875 PMCID: PMC8512551 DOI: 10.3390/s21196539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Frailty and falls are a major public health problem in older adults. Muscle weakness of the lower and upper extremities are risk factors for any, as well as recurrent falls including injuries and fractures. While the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test is often used to identify frail members and fallers, tensiomyography (TMG) can be used as a non-invasive tool to assess the function of skeletal muscles. In a clinical study, we evaluated the correlation between the TMG parameters of the skeletal muscle contraction of 23 elderly participants (22 f, age 86.74 ± 7.88) and distance-based TUG test subtask times. TUG tests were recorded with an ultrasonic-based device. The sit-up and walking phases were significantly correlated to the contraction and delay time of the muscle vastus medialis (ρ = 0.55-0.80, p < 0.01). In addition, the delay time of the muscles vastus medialis (ρ = 0.45, p = 0.03) and gastrocnemius medialis (ρ = -0.44, p = 0.04) correlated to the sit-down phase. The maximal radial displacements of the biceps femoris showed significant correlations with the walk-forward times (ρ = -0.47, p = 0.021) and back (ρ = -0.43, p = 0.04). The association of TUG subtasks to muscle contractile parameters, therefore, could be utilized as a measure to improve the monitoring of elderly people's physical ability in general and during rehabilitation after a fall in particular. TUG test subtask measurements may be used as a proxy to monitor muscle properties in rehabilitation after long hospital stays and injuries or for fall prevention.
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Tensiomyographic changes of muscle contractile properties in individuals with lower-limb amputation: A pilot study. Prosthet Orthot Int 2021; 45:350-354. [PMID: 33856152 DOI: 10.1097/pxr.0000000000000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with a unilateral lower-limb amputation (LLA) rely heavily on their intact limb during daily physical activities. However, there is limited research on the resultant effects of this over-reliance on contractile properties of muscles in the intact limb. OBJECTIVE To compare the muscle contractile properties of the intact limb among individuals with a unilateral LLA to those of age-matched able-bodied individuals, using tensiomyography. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional, observational study. METHODS Nine men with a unilateral LLA and 10 able-bodied men (control) were included. Tensiomyography measures were obtained for 5 muscles: gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) and medialis (GM), rectus femoris, vastus lateralis (VL), and vastus medialis. Contraction time (Tc), delay time (Td), maximal displacement (Dm), and velocity of deformation (Vd) for each muscle were compared between groups. RESULTS Tc and Td for the GL and GM muscles were lower for the LLA than the control group (GL: P = .03, r = -0.51, P < .01, r = 0.67; GM: P = .02, r = 0.53, P = .07, r = 0.54, respectively). Dm and Vd of the VL were significantly smaller in the LLA than the control group (P < .01, r = 0.73, P < .01, r = 0.23, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Men with a unilateral LLA seem to have slower deformation of the gastrocnemius muscles and higher stiffness of the VL than able-bodied controls. These findings may be indicative of an overuse of the intact limb as a compensation for the unilateral LLA. The confirmation of these findings in a larger sample size is required to translate these findings to practice.
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Roth C, Rettenmaier L, Behringer M. High-Protein Energy-Restriction: Effects on Body Composition, Contractile Properties, Mood, and Sleep in Active Young College Students. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:683327. [PMID: 34212136 PMCID: PMC8239143 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.683327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: It is often advised to ensure a high-protein intake during energy-restricted diets. However, it is unclear whether a high-protein intake is able to maintain muscle mass and contractility in the absence of resistance training. Materials and Methods: After 1 week of body mass maintenance (45 kcal/kg), 28 male college students not performing resistance training were randomized to either the energy-restricted (ER, 30 kcal/kg, n = 14) or the eucaloric control group (CG, 45 kcal/kg, n = 14) for 6 weeks. Both groups had their protein intake matched at 2.8 g/kg fat-free-mass and continued their habitual training throughout the study. Body composition was assessed weekly using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis. Contractile properties of the m. rectus femoris were examined with Tensiomyography and MyotonPRO at weeks 1, 3, and 5 along with sleep (PSQI) and mood (POMS). Results: The ER group revealed greater reductions in body mass (Δ -3.22 kg vs. Δ 1.90 kg, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.360), lean body mass (Δ -1.49 kg vs. Δ 0.68 kg, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.152), body cell mass (Δ -0.85 kg vs. Δ 0.59 kg, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.181), intracellular water (Δ -0.58 l vs. Δ 0.55 l, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 0.445) and body fat percentage (Δ -1.74% vs. Δ 1.22%, p < 0.001, partial η 2 = 433) compared to the CG. Contractile properties, sleep onset, sleep duration as well as depression, fatigue and hostility did not change (p > 0.05). The PSQI score (Δ -1.43 vs. Δ -0.64, p = 0.006, partial η 2 = 0.176) and vigor (Δ -2.79 vs. Δ -4.71, p = 0.040, partial η 2 = 0.116) decreased significantly in the ER group and the CG, respectively. Discussion: The present data show that a high-protein intake alone was not able to prevent lean mass loss associated with a 6-week moderate energy restriction in college students. Notably, it is unknown whether protein intake at 2.8 g/kg fat-free-mass prevented larger decreases in lean body mass. Muscle contractility was not negatively altered by this form of energy restriction. Sleep quality improved in both groups. Whether these advantages are due to the high-protein intake cannot be clarified and warrants further study. Although vigor was negatively affected in both groups, other mood parameters did not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Roth
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lukas Rettenmaier
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michael Behringer
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Tashiro T, Maeda N, Sasadai J, Kotoshiba S, Sakai S, Suzuki Y, Fujishita H, Urabe Y. Tensiomyographic Neuromuscular Response of the Peroneus Longus and Tibialis Anterior with Chronic Ankle Instability. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9060707. [PMID: 34200684 PMCID: PMC8230383 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the muscle contractile response of the peroneus longus (PL) and tibialis anterior (TA) in groups with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI) using tensiomyography. Twenty-three adults, 12 with CAI and 11 healthy participants, participated in this study. All subjects underwent a tensiomyographic assessment of the PL and TA to measure delay time, contraction time and maximal displacement. The ankle evertor and invertor normalized peak torques, maximum work done and muscle thickness of the PL and TA were calculated. The delay time and contraction time of the PL in the CAI side were significantly higher than those in the healthy group (p < 0.05); however, no significant difference could be detected in the TA between groups. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the normalized peak torques, maximum work done and muscle thickness of the PL and TA between groups. The CAI side demonstrated a delayed muscle contractile response of the PL when compared with the healthy group although there was no difference in muscle strength and muscle size. Clinicians should consider the muscle contractile response of the PL for rehabilitation of the ankle evertor with CAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa Tashiro
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (T.T.); (N.M.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Noriaki Maeda
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (T.T.); (N.M.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Junpei Sasadai
- Sports Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo 115-0056, Japan;
| | - Somu Kotoshiba
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (T.T.); (N.M.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Shogo Sakai
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (T.T.); (N.M.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Rehabilitation, Matterhorn Rehabilitation Hospital, Hiroshima 737-0046, Japan;
| | - Hironori Fujishita
- Sports Medical Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan;
| | - Yukio Urabe
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (T.T.); (N.M.); (S.K.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Dose-Response Relationship Between Velocity Loss During Resistance Training and Changes in the Squat Force-Velocity Relationship. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2021; 16:1736-1745. [PMID: 34044366 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the adaptations provoked by various velocity loss (VL) thresholds used in resistance training on the squat force-velocity (F-V) relationship. METHODS Sixty-four resistance-trained young men were randomly assigned to one of four 8-week resistance training programs (all 70%-85% 1-repetition maximum) using different VL thresholds (VL0 = 0%, VL10 = 10%, VL20 = 20%, and VL40 = 40%) in the squat exercise. The F-V relationship was assessed under unloaded and loaded conditions in squat. Linear and hyperbolic (Hill) F-V equations were used to calculate force at zero velocity (F0), velocity at zero force (V0), maximum muscle power (Pmax), and force produced at mean velocities ranging from 0.0 to 2.0 m·s-1. Changes in parameters derived from the F-V relationship were compared among groups using linear mixed models. RESULTS Linear equations showed increases in F0 (120.7 N [89.4 to 152.1]) and Pmax (76.2 W [45.3 to 107.2]) and no changes in V0 (-0.02 m·s-1 [-0.11 to 0.06]) regardless of VL. Hyperbolic equations depicted increases in F0 (120.7 N [89.4 to 152.1]), V0 (1.13 m·s-1 [0.78 to 1.48]), and Pmax (198.5 W [160.5 to 236.6]) with changes in V0 being greater in VL0 and VL10 versus VL40 (both P < .001). All groups similarly improved force at 0.0 to 2.0 m·s-1 (all P < .001), although in general, effect sizes were greater in VL10 and VL20 versus VL0 and VL40 at velocities ≤0.5 m·s-1. CONCLUSIONS All groups improved linear and hyperbolic F0 and Pmax and hyperbolic V0 (except VL40). The dose-response relationship exhibited an inverted U-shape pattern at velocities ≤0.5 m·s-1 with VL10 and VL20 showing the greatest standardized changes.
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Martín-San Agustín R, Benítez-Martínez JC, Medina-Mirapeix F, Casaña-Granell J. Sex Differences and Patterns of Muscle Stiffness in the Knee Flexor and Extensor Musculature Through Analysis of Isolated Bellies. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:1044-1049. [PMID: 30273285 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Martín-San Agustín, R, Benítez-Martínez, JC, Medina-Mirapeix, F, and Casaña-Granell, J. Sex differences and patterns of muscle stiffness in the knee flexor and extensor musculature through analysis of isolated bellies. J Strength Cond Res 35(4): 1044-1049, 2021-Muscle stiffness (MS) is one of the key factors in joint control. The purpose of this study was to determine sex differences in the MS of 5 isolated muscle bellies (biceps femoris [BF], semitendinosus [ST], rectus femoris [RF], vastus medialis [VM], and vastus lateralis [VL]) and in the pattern of differences among their respective MS. Twenty female and 20 male recreational athletes participated. Muscle stiffness was measured by tensiomyography using maximum radial deformation (Dm) as an indirect indicator of MS. Sex differences were observed only in the Dm of RF (mean difference = 2.07 mm, p < 0.05) when values were adjusted by body mass and stature. Males and females showed a similar pattern in the Dm between the muscle bellies: within the hamstrings, ST had a significantly higher Dm than BF in females (3.02 mm) and males (4.28 mm); within the quadriceps, RF also had a significantly higher value than VL and VM in females (6.50 and 7.38 mm, respectively) and males (4.87 and 4.82 mm, respectively). Sex differences in patterns were found between BF and the vastus muscles: the BF of females had a significantly higher Dm than VL (3.78 mm) and VM (4.51 mm), but this was not observed in males. Differences may imply different involvement of the bellies in countering the movements of the lower extremities. Our results can help to direct exercises to improve the MS in certain muscular bellies.
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Pareja-Blanco F, Alcazar J, Sánchez-Valdepeñas J, Cornejo-Daza PJ, Piqueras-Sanchiz F, Mora-Vela R, Sánchez-Moreno M, Bachero-Mena B, Ortega-Becerra M, Alegre LM. Velocity Loss as a Critical Variable Determining the Adaptations to Strength Training. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 52:1752-1762. [PMID: 32049887 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the effects of four resistance training (RT) programs with different velocity loss (VL) thresholds: 0% (VL0), 10% (VL10), 20% (VL20), and 40% (VL40) on sprint and jump performance, muscle strength, neuromuscular, muscle hypertrophy, and architectural adaptations. METHODS Sixty-four young resistance-trained men were randomly assigned into four groups (VL0, VL10, VL20, and VL40) that differed in the VL allowed in each set. Subjects followed an RT program for 8 wk (two sessions per week) using the full-squat (SQ) exercise, with similar relative intensity (70%-85% 1-repetition maximum), number of sets (3), and interset recovery period (4 min). Before and after the RT program, the following tests were performed: 1) muscle hypertrophy and architecture of the vastus lateralis (VLA), 2) tensiomyography, 3) 20-m running sprint, 4) vertical jump, 5) maximal voluntary isometric contraction in SQ, 6) progressive loading test in SQ, and 7) fatigue test. RESULTS No between-group differences existed for RT-induced gains in sprint, jump, and strength performance despite the differences in the total volume performed by each group. VL20 and VL40 showed significant increases (P < 0.001) in muscle hypertrophy (group-time interaction, P = 0.06). However, only VL40 exhibited a significant slowing (P < 0.001) of the delay time in the VLA muscle (group-time interaction, P = 0.05). Moreover, VL40 showed a significant decrease in the early rate of force development (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Higher VL thresholds (i.e., VL20 and VL40) maximized hypertrophic adaptations, although an excessive VL during the set (i.e., VL40) may also induce negative neuromuscular adaptations. Therefore, moderate VL thresholds should be chosen to maximize strength adaptations and to prevent negative neuromuscular adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan Sánchez-Valdepeñas
- Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, SPAIN
| | - Pedro J Cornejo-Daza
- Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, SPAIN
| | - Francisco Piqueras-Sanchiz
- Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, SPAIN
| | - Raúl Mora-Vela
- Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Sports and Computers Sciences, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, SPAIN
| | | | - Beatriz Bachero-Mena
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, Seville, SPAIN
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Comparison of Interventional Strategies to Improve Recovery after Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Fatigue. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020647. [PMID: 33466606 PMCID: PMC7828692 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of various recovery techniques on muscle tissue after eccentric exercise-induced muscle fatigue (EIMF). Forty subjects (24.3 ± 2.6 years; 77.45 ± 8.3 kg; 177.0 ± 6.4 cm; 24.66 ± 1.6 kg∙m-2) were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: manual therapy (n =10, MT), mechanical vibration (n = 10, MV), percussion therapy (n = 10, PT) or foam roller (n = 10, FR). The contraction time (Tc) and the radial displacement (Dm) of the gastrocnemius was evaluated through tensiomyography (TMG). The application of the different techniques had positive effects for Tc and Dm in the treated leg compared to the untreated leg (F = 50.01, p < 0.01, η2p = 0.58 and F = 27.58, p < 0.01, η2p = 0.43, respectively) and for the interaction of the factors (Time x Leg x Therapy: F = 5.76, p < 0.01, η2p = 0.32 and F = 5.93, p < 0.01, η2p = 0.33, respectively). The results of the various methods used were similar: Tc (F = 0.17, p = 0.917; η2p = 0.01) and Dm (F = 3.30, p = 0.031, η2p = 0.22). PT interventions show potential for restoring muscle compliance and reducing stiffness, similar to MT and possibly more effective (cost-time relationship) compared to MV or FR.
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Zubac D, Ivančev V, Valić Z, Šimunič B. Long-lasting exercise involvement protects against decline in V̇O 2max and V̇O 2 kinetics in moderately active women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:108-116. [PMID: 32640173 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effects of age on different physiological parameters, including those derived from (i) maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), (ii) moderate-intensity step transitions, and (iii) tensiomyography (TMG)-derived variables in moderately active women. Twenty-eight women (age, 19 to 53 years), completed 3 laboratory visits, including baseline data collection, TMG assessment, maximal oxygen uptake test via CPET, and a step-transition test from 20 W to a moderate-intensity cycling power output (PO), corresponding to oxygen uptake at 90% gas exchange threshold. During the step transitions, breath-by-breath pulmonary oxygen uptake, near infrared spectroscopy derived muscle deoxygenation (ΔHHb), and beat-by-beat cardiovascular response were continuously monitored. There were no differences observed between the young and middle-aged women in their maximal oxygen uptake and peak PO, while the maximal heart rate (HR) was 12 bpm lower in middle-aged compared with young (p = 0.016) women. Also, no differences were observed between the age groups in τ pulmonary oxygen uptake, ΔHHb, and τHR during on-transients. The first regression model showed that age did not attenuate the maximal CPET capacity in the studied population (p = 0.638), while in the second model a faster τ pulmonary oxygen uptake, combined with shorter TMG-derived contraction time (Tc) of the vastus lateralis (VL), were associated with a higher maximal oxygen uptake (∼30% of explained variance, p = 0.039). In conclusion, long lasting exercise involvement protects against a maximal oxygen uptake and τpulmonary oxygen uptake deterioration in moderately active women. Novelty: Faster τ pulmonary oxygen uptake and shorter Tc of the VL explain 33% of the variance in superior maximal oxygen uptake attainment. No differences between age groups were found in τ pulmonary oxygen uptake, τΔHHb, and τHR during on-transients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damir Zubac
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Center of Koper, Koper, Slovenia.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Zoran Valić
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Center of Koper, Koper, Slovenia
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Lohr C, Schmidt T, Braumann KM, Reer R, Medina-Porqueres I. Sex-Based Differences in Tensiomyography as Assessed in the Lower Erector Spinae of Healthy Participants: An Observational Study. Sports Health 2020; 12:341-346. [PMID: 32511080 DOI: 10.1177/1941738120917932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there is mounting evidence on sex-linked differences in paraspinal muscle function, it is unknown whether sex-based variations in mechanical and contractile characteristics of the lumbar erector spinae (LES) can be monitored noninvasively in healthy participants at rest using tensiomyography (TMG). HYPOTHESIS Sex-specific effects in muscle displacement (Dm) and velocity of muscle deformation (Vd) will be observed via TMG assessed in the LES. STUDY DESIGN Observational study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3. METHODS LES response was measured in a relaxed state in 40 healthy adults (20 females). Possible differences between the conditions were investigated using mixed-model analyses of variance. Two-stage hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to predict the outcome of TMG Dm and Vd based on participant sex. RESULTS There were significant main effects of sex with large effect sizes for both TMG parameters, resulting from lower mean values in women compared with men (Dm, P < 0.01; Vd, P < 0.01). In contrast, neither the main effect of side (left vs right LES) nor the interaction between the side and sex reached significance (all P > 0.3). Introducing the sex variable in stage 2 of the regression analyses significantly improved the prediction of the TMG parameters (all ∆R2 ≥ 0.18; all P < 0.01; all f2 ≥ 0.29). CONCLUSION Sex-based differences in muscle stiffness and contractile characteristics could be observed by TMG on LES muscles in healthy individuals at rest. The data suggest that these disparities are not exclusively attributable to anthropometric measures but may be linked to intrinsic sex-based differences in skeletal muscle characteristics. CLINICAL RELEVANCE We recommend implementing TMG in a clinical setting using the obtained results as a basis to factor for the patient's biological sex when assessing effects of therapeutic/exercise regimens aiming at the optimization of myofascial tissue regeneration and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lohr
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute for Human Movement Science, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Schmidt
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute for Human Movement Science, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Osteopathie Schule Deutschland (OSD) Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Michael Braumann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute for Human Movement Science, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Reer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute for Human Movement Science, Faculty for Psychology and Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Medina-Porqueres
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
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Toskić LD, Dopsaj MJ, Marković MR, Toskić DR, Ignjatović AM. Mechanical and Contractile Properties of Knee Joint Muscles Measured by the Method of Tensiomyography in Differently Trained Men and Women. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 36:1532-1539. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Piqueras-Sanchiz F, Martín-Rodríguez S, Pareja-Blanco F, Baraja-Vegas L, Blázquez-Fernández J, Bautista IJ, García-García Ó. Mechanomyographic Measures of Muscle Contractile Properties are Influenced by Electrode Size and Stimulation Pulse Duration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8192. [PMID: 32424300 PMCID: PMC7235246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65111-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to determine the effects of changing pulse duration and electrode size on muscle contractile properties. Thirty-six healthy young male participated in the study (age 24.8 ± 5.8 years; height 178.2 ± 0.6 cm; body mass 71.8 ± 7.3 kg; self-reported weekly moderate intensity activity 3.5 ± 1.2 h·week−1). Tensiomyography was used to assess rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis (VM) muscles neuromuscular properties of the dominant leg according to the electrode size (3.2–5 cm) and the stimulus length (0.2, 0.5, and 1 ms). Maximal radial displacement (Dm); Contraction time (Tc); Delay time (Td); Sustained time (Ts) and Half relaxation time (Tr) were measured. Relative and absolute reliability was quantified. To analyze the effects of the electrode and the stimulus length, a repeated-measures analysis of variance was used. Dm and Tc parameters showed for both muscles an excellent relative (0.95–0.99) and absolute reliability (1.6–4.2%). However, Ts and Tr showed low values of absolute reliability (4.4–40.9%). The duration of the stimulus length applied to the RF and VM and electrode size significantly influences muscle’s contractile properties (p < 0.05; η2p = 0.09–0.60). The Dm increases substantially as the duration of the stimulus increases and with the use of the larger electrode in both muscles. However, Tc and Td are less affected by both conditions and not entirely clear. Practically, our study suggests that a stimulus pulse duration of 1 ms together with a 5 × 5 cm electrode is necessary to reach a reliable and reproducible assessment of both RF and VM muscles contractile properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saúl Martín-Rodríguez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Fernando Pareja-Blanco
- Physical Performance & Sports Research Center, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Baraja-Vegas
- Department of Physiotherapy, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Iker J Bautista
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Podology, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Óscar García-García
- Laboratory of Sports Performance, Physical Condition and Wellness, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
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Acute Effects of Tissue Flossing on Ankle Range of Motion and Tensiomyography Parameters. J Sport Rehabil 2020; 30:129-135. [PMID: 32320948 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recently, a few papers have suggested that tissue flossing (TF) acutely improves range of motion (ROM) and neuromuscular performance. However, the effects of TF on muscle contractile properties are yet to be defined. OBJECTIVE To investigate the acute effects of TF on ankle ROM and associated muscle gastrocnemius medialis displacement and contraction time assessed with tensiomyography. DESIGN Crossover design in a single session. SETTING University laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Thirty recreationally trained volunteers (age 23.00 [4.51] y). INTERVENTION Active ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion were performed for the duration of 2 minutes (3 sets, 2-min rest between sets), while a randomly selected ankle was wrapped using TF elastic band (BAND) and the other ankle served as a control condition (CON). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants performed an active ankle plantar flexion and dorsiflexion ROM test and muscle gastrocnemius medialis tensiomyography displacement and contraction time measurement pre, 5, 15, 30, and 45 minutes after the floss band application. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between BAND and CON conditions (active ankle plantar flexion ROM: P = .09; active ankle dorsiflexion ROM: P = .85); however, all ROM measurements were associated with medium or large effect sizes in favor of BAND compared with CON. No significant changes were observed in the tensiomyography parameters. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that TF applied to the ankle is a valid method to increase ROM and at the same time maintaining muscular stiffness.
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Muñoz-López A, De Hoyo M, Nuñez FJ, Sañudo B. Using Tensiomyography to Assess Changes in Knee Muscle Contraction Properties After Concentric and Eccentric Fatiguing Muscle Actions. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 36:935-940. [PMID: 32168176 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Muñoz-López, A, De Hoyo, M, Nuñez, FJ, and Sañudo, B. Using tensiomyography to assess changes in knee muscle contraction properties after concentric and eccentric fatiguing muscle actions. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2020-The purposes of this study were to analyze the effects of different types of muscle contraction (concentric and eccentric) on the passive muscular contraction properties of knee muscles and how muscle contraction can affect the muscles in different knee functions. In total, 23 active healthy men (age: 24.65 ± 1.95 years, height: 1.78 ± 0.05 m, mass: 75.33 ± 8.37 kg) participated in this study. Muscle soreness, muscle contractile properties assessed with tensiomyography (TMG) (vastus lateralis [VL] and biceps femoris [BF]), and isometric peak torque were tested before and immediately after 32 maximal repetitions of an isokinetic leg extension and flexion exercise at 180° per second. Muscle contractions were randomized to each subject's leg. From the TMG variables, only contraction velocity showed significant interactions in time × muscle × contraction (p = 0.046; partial ηp = 0.19). A greater reduction was observed in the BF (-29.03%) than in the VL (-21.25%). There was a significant decrease in contraction velocity after concentric p < 0.001, d = 1.18) and eccentric (p = 0.007, d = 0.51) exercise for the BF, while for VL, a decrease was only observed after concentric exercise (p = 0.007, d = 0.66). The leg extension exercise showed reductions in the isokinetic peak torque (p < 0.001; partial ηp = 0.83). Isometric peak torque (p < 0.001; partial ηp = 0.80) and muscle soreness (p < 0.001; partial ηp = 0.70) decreased after exercise. In conclusion, muscle mechanical properties were differently affected in relation to the muscle contraction and knee muscles involved, after a fatiguing leg extension isokinetic exercise. Isometric peak torque and muscle soreness were also reduced immediately after exercise. These results are particularly important to understand how TMG parameters are modified depending on the type of contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moisés De Hoyo
- Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Francisco J Nuñez
- Physical Performance and Sports Research, Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
| | - Borja Sañudo
- Physical Education and Sports, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Lievens E, Klass M, Bex T, Derave W. Muscle fiber typology substantially influences time to recover from high-intensity exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:648-659. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00636.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human fast-twitch muscle fibers generate high power in a short amount of time but are easily fatigued, whereas slow-twitch fibers are more fatigue resistant. The transfer of this knowledge to coaching is hampered by the invasive nature of the current evaluation of muscle typology by biopsies. Therefore, a noninvasive method was developed to estimate muscle typology through proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the gastrocnemius. The aim of this study was to investigate whether male subjects with an a priori-determined fast typology (FT) are characterized by a more pronounced Wingate exercise-induced fatigue and delayed recovery compared with subjects with a slow typology (ST). Ten subjects with an estimated higher percentage of fast-twitch fibers and 10 subjects with an estimated higher percentage of slow-twitch fibers underwent the test protocol, consisting of three 30-s all-out Wingate tests. Recovery of knee extension torque was evaluated by maximal voluntary contraction combined with electrical stimulation up to 5 h after the Wingate tests. Although both groups delivered the same mean power across all Wingates, the power drop was higher in the FT group (−61%) compared with the ST group (−41%). The torque at maximal voluntary contraction had fully recovered in the ST group after 20 min, whereas the FT group had not yet recovered 5 h into recovery. This noninvasive estimation of muscle typology can predict the extent of fatigue and time to recover following repeated all-out exercise and may have applications as a tool to individualize training and recovery cycles. NEW & NOTEWORTHY A one-fits-all training regime is present in most sports, though the same training implies different stimuli in athletes with a distinct muscle typology. Individualization of training based on this muscle typology might be important to optimize performance and to lower the risk for accumulated fatigue and potentially injury. When conducting research, one should keep in mind that the muscle typology of participants influences the severity of fatigue and might therefore impact the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Lievens
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Malgorzata Klass
- Laboratory of Applied Biology and Research Unit in Applied Neurophysiology, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tine Bex
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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50
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Pereira LA, Ramirez-Campillo R, Martín-Rodríguez S, Kobal R, Abad CCC, Arruda AFS, Guerriero A, Loturco I. Is Tensiomyography-Derived Velocity of Contraction a Sensitive Marker to Detect Acute Performance Changes in Elite Team-Sport Athletes? Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2020; 15:31-37. [PMID: 30958067 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2018-0959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the variations in the velocity of contraction (Vc) assessed using tensiomyography, vertical jumping ability, and sprinting speed induced by 4 different exercise protocols (ie, strength, sprint, plyometric, and technical training sessions) in 14 male national-team rugby players (age 21.8 [2.6] y, weight 83.6 [8.5] kg, and height 177.4 [6.7] cm). METHODS Physical tests were conducted immediately before and after 4 distinct workouts in the following order: tensiomyography in the rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles, squat and countermovement jumps, and 30-m sprint velocity. To analyze the differences in the assessed variables before and after each training session, the differences based on magnitudes were calculated. RESULTS After strength and plyometric workouts, the players presented possible to almost certain impairments in sprint and jump performance and in the Vc of the rectus femoris (effect sizes 0.26-0.64). After the sprint-training session, possible to very likely decreases were observed in the squat jump, 30-m sprint, and Vc of the biceps femoris (effect sizes 0.21-0.44). By contrast, after the technical training, athletes demonstrated a possible increase in the squat jump and Vc in both muscles examined (effect sizes 0.13-0.20). CONCLUSIONS The main finding of this research is that, for the vast majority of results, the direction of changes observed in Vc were the same as those observed in performance assessments. This suggests that Vc might be used as a sensitive marker of acute variations in speed and power performance of elite team-sport athletes.
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