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Alvarez-Jimenez L, Moreno-Cabañas A, Ramirez-Jimenez M, Morales-Palomo F, Ortega JF, Mora-Rodriguez R. Effectiveness of statins vs. exercise on reducing postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in dyslipidemic population: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:567-577. [PMID: 34298253 PMCID: PMC9532610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals at risk of suffering cardiovascular disease (CVD) present with larger increases in blood triglyceride (TG) concentration after a high-fat meal than do healthy individuals. These postprandial hypertriglyceride levels are an independent risk factor for CVD. Prescription of statins and a bout of prolonged exercise are both effective in lowering postprandial hypertriglyceride levels. We aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of statins vs. a bout of aerobic exercise in reducing fasting and postprandial TG (PPTG) concentrations in individuals at high risk of developing CVD. METHODS Thirty-seven studies from a systematic literature search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were included in this review. The selected studies conducted trials involving statin therapy (n = 20) or a bout of aerobic exercise (n = 19) and measured their impact on PPTG levels as the outcome. Two studies analyzed both treatments and were included in duplicate. The meta-analysis was constructed using a random-effects model to calculate the mean difference (MD). The Student t test was used to compare the data sets for statins vs. exercise. RESULTS Overall, statin and exercise interventions showed similar reductions in PPTG levels, with an MD of -0.65 mmol/L for statins (95% confidence interval (95%CI): -0.54 to -0.77; p < 0.001) and -0.46 mmol/L for exercise (95%CI: -0.21 to -0.71; p < 0.01). However, statins lowered fasting TG levels more than exercise (MD = -1.54 mmol/L, 95%CI: -2.25 to -0.83; p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Although aerobic exercise is effective in lowering blood TG levels, statins seem to be more efficient, especially in the fasted state. A combination of exercise and statins might reveal a valuable approach to the treatment and prevention of CVD. More studies are required to determine the underlying mechanisms and the possible additive effects of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Alvarez-Jimenez
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, Sports Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo 45004, Spain
| | - Alfonso Moreno-Cabañas
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, Sports Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo 45004, Spain
| | - Miguel Ramirez-Jimenez
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, Sports Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo 45004, Spain
| | - Felix Morales-Palomo
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, Sports Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo 45004, Spain
| | - Juan F Ortega
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, Sports Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo 45004, Spain
| | - Ricardo Mora-Rodriguez
- Exercise Physiology Lab at Toledo, Sports Science Department, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo 45004, Spain.
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Larsen EL, Weimann A, Poulsen HE. Interventions targeted at oxidatively generated modifications of nucleic acids focused on urine and plasma markers. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 145:256-283. [PMID: 31563634 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with the development and progression of numerous diseases. However, targeting oxidative stress has not been established in the clinical management of any disease. Several methods and markers are available to measure oxidative stress, including direct measurement of free radicals, antioxidants, redox balance, and oxidative modifications of cellular macromolecules. Oxidatively generated nucleic acid modifications have attracted much interest due to the pre-mutagenic oxidative modification of DNA into 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), associated with cancer development. During the last decade, the perception of RNA has changed from that of a 'silent messenger' to an 'active contributor', and, parallelly oxidatively generated RNA modifications measured as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-guanosine (8-oxoGuo), has been demonstrated as a prognostic factor for all-caused and cardiovascular related mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. Several attempts have been made to modify the amount of oxidative nucleic acid modifications. Thus, this review aims to introduce researchers to the measurement of oxidatively generated nucleic acid modifications as well as critically review previous attempts and provide future directions for targeting oxidatively generated nucleic acid modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil List Larsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Allan Weimann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Enghusen Poulsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Yasu T, Mutoh A, Wada H, Kobayashi M, Kikuchi Y, Momomura S, Ueda S. Renin-Angiotensin System Inhibitors Can Prevent Intravenous Lipid Infusion-Induced Myocardial Microvascular Dysfunction and Leukocyte Activation. Circ J 2018; 82:494-501. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-17-0809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Yasu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine & Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center
| | - Akiko Mutoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Wada
- Department of First Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Mayumi Kobayashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Shinichi Momomura
- Department of First Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Shinichiro Ueda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus Graduate School of Medicine
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Park JB, Jung JH, Yoon YE, Kim HL, Lee SP, Kim HK, Kim YJ, Cho GY, Sohn DW. Long-term Effects of high-doSe pitavaStatin on Diabetogenicity in comparison with atorvastatin in patients with Metabolic syndrome (LESS-DM): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:501. [PMID: 29078817 PMCID: PMC5659042 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2229-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diabetogenic action of statins remains a concern, particularly in patients at high risk for diabetes receiving intensive statin therapy. Despite the risk of diabetes with statin use being considered a potential class effect, recent studies have suggested that pitavastatin exerts neutral or favorable effects on diabetogenicity. However, no randomized trial has compared the long-term effects of pitavastatin with those of other statins on glycemic control in populations at high risk for diabetes. Hence, we aim to assess the long-term effects of pitavastatin in comparison with atorvastatin on glucose metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods/design The Long-term Effects of high-doSe pitavaStatin on Diabetogenicity in comparison with atorvastatin in patients with Metabolic syndrome (LESS-DM) trial is a prospective, randomized, open-label, active control clinical trial of patients with MetS. We plan to randomize 500 patients with MetS (1:1) to receive high-dose pitavastatin (4 mg) or atorvastatin (20 mg) daily for 24 months. The primary endpoint will be the change in hemoglobin A1c after statin treatment. Secondary endpoints will include the following: (1) changes in biochemical markers, including insulin, C-peptide, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and insulin secretion, and adiponectin; (2) changes in imaging parameters, including carotid elasticity metrics and indices of cardiac function; and (3) the incidence of clinical events, including new-onset diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Discussion In this trial, we will explore whether pitavastatin 4 mg does not disturb glucose metabolism in patients with MetS. It will also provide mechanistic information on statin type-dependent diabetogenic effects and surrogate data regarding vascular and cardiac changes achieved by intensive statin therapy. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02940366. Registered on 19 October 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2229-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bean Park
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Yeonyee E Yoon
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hack-Lyong Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, SNU-SMG Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Pyo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Kwan Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Yong-Jin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
| | - Goo-Yeong Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Dae-Won Sohn
- Division of Cardiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea
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Arao K, Yasu T, Endo Y, Funazaki T, Ota Y, Shimada K, Tokutake E, Naito N, Takase B, Wake M, Ikeda N, Horie Y, Sugimura H, Momomura SI, Kawakami M. Effects of pitavastatin on walking capacity and CD34 +/133 + cell number in patients with peripheral artery disease. Heart Vessels 2017; 32:1186-1194. [PMID: 28466409 PMCID: PMC5614906 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-0988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This multi-center prospective non-randomized comparative study investigated the effects of pitavastatin in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) in terms of exercise tolerance capacities and peripheral CD34+/133+ cell numbers. At baseline, a peripheral blood test was administered to 75 patients with PAD, along with a treadmill exercise test using the Skinner-Gardner protocol to measure asymptomatic walking distance (AWD) and maximum walking distance (MWD). Each patient was assigned to a 6-month pitavastatin treatment group (n = 53) or a control group (n = 22), according to the patient's preference. The tests were repeated in both groups at 3 and 6 months. Baseline AWD and MWD correlated positively with the ankle-brachial pressure index (r = 0.342, p = 0.0032 and r = 0.324, p = 0.0054, respectively). Both AWD and MWD values improved at 3 and 6 months compared with baseline, and the degrees of their improvement were higher in the pitavastatin treatment group. CD34+/133+ cell numbers did not change over time or between groups. Eighty-seven percent of patients in the treatment group attained low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL after 3 months. The study shows that pitavastatin may be effective in increasing exercise tolerance capacity in patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Arao
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takanori Yasu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, 632 Takatoku Nikko, Tochigi, 321-2593, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Endo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saiseikai Kurihashi Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Funazaki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Ota
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saiseikai Kurihashi Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimada
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Naito
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Bonpei Takase
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Minoru Wake
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Nahoko Ikeda
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuto Horie
- Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimura
- Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Momomura
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kawakami
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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Assessing Free-Radical-Mediated DNA Damage during Cardiac Surgery: 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine as a Putative Biomarker. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9715898. [PMID: 28660009 PMCID: PMC5474244 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9715898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), one of the most common cardiac surgical procedures, is characterized by a burst of oxidative stress. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), produced following DNA repairing, is used as an indicator of oxidative DNA damage in humans. The effect of CABG on oxidative-induced DNA damage, evaluated through the measurement of urinary 8-oxodG by a developed and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method in 52 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, was assessed before (T0), five days (T1), and six months (T2) after CABG procedure. These results were compared with those obtained in 40 subjects with cardiovascular risk factors and without overt cardiovascular disease (CTR). Baseline (T0) 8-oxodG was higher in CAD than in CTR (p = 0.035). A significant burst was detected at T1 (p = 0.019), while at T2, 8-oxodG levels were significantly lower than those measured at T0 (p < 0.0001) and comparable to those found in CTR (p = 0.73). A similar trend was observed for urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-isoPGF2α), a reliable marker of oxidative stress. In the whole population baseline, 8-oxodG significantly correlated with 8-isoPGF2α levels (r = 0.323, p = 0.002). These data argue for CABG procedure in CAD patients as inducing a short-term increase in oxidative DNA damage, as revealed by 8-oxodG concentrations, and a long-term return of such metabolite toward physiological levels.
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7
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Pravastatin improves postprandial endothelial dysfunction and hemorheological deterioration in patients with effort angina pectoris. Heart Vessels 2017; 32:1051-1061. [PMID: 28396938 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-0974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia may promote endothelial and hemorheological dysfunction. The present study investigated the effects of pravastatin on endothelial function and hemorheology in patients with stable angina pectoris (AP) before and after eating a test meal. We recruited 26 patients with stable AP who had impaired glucose tolerance and mild dyslipidemia and six healthy men as controls to assess endothelial function and hemorheological behavior. In each group, we measured forearm blood flow (FBF) during post-ischemic reactive hyperemia and obtained blood samples before and 2 h after the test meal. Pravastatin 20 mg/day was then commenced in the 26 AP patients. The above tests were repeated after 2 days and 6 months. Maximum FBF during hyperemia in the baseline fasting phase was significantly lower in the AP patients than in the controls (p < 0.05). Fasting and postprandial FBF during reactive hyperemia time-dependently improved after pravastatin treatment (p < 0.05 vs. baseline data for each phase). Pravastatin treatment for 6 months, but not for 2 days, inhibited leukocyte activation and improved hemorheological parameters. In conclusion, pravastatin treatment for 6 months improved fasting and postprandial endothelial and hemorheological dysfunction in AP patients.
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Abstract
Fasting hypertriglyceridemia is positively associated with the morbidity of coronary heart disease (CHD), and postprandial (non-fasting) hypertriglyceridemia is also correlated with the risk status for CHD, which is related to the increase in chylomicron (CM) remnant lipoproteins produced from the intestine. CM remnant particles, as well as oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL) or very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) remnants, are highly atherogenic and act by enhancing systemic inflammation, platelet activation, coagulation, thrombus formation, and macrophage foam cell formation. The cholesterol levels of remnant lipoproteins significantly correlate with small, dense LDL; impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and CHD prevalence. We have developed an assay of apolipoprotein (apo)B-48 levels to evaluate the accumulation of CM remnants. Fasting apoB-48 levels correlate with the morbidity of postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, obesity, type III hyperlipoproteinemia, the metabolic syndrome, hypothyroidism, chronic kidney disease, and IGT. Fasting apoB-48 levels also correlate with carotid intima-media thickening and CHD prevalence, and a high apoB-48 level is a significant predictor of CHD risk, independent of the fasting TG level. Diet interventions, such as dietary fibers, polyphenols, medium-chain fatty acids, diacylglycerol, and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), ameliorate postprandial hypertriglyceridemia, moreover, drugs for dyslipidemia (n-3 PUFA, statins, fibrates or ezetimibe) and diabetes concerning incretins (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV inhibitor or glucagon like peptide-1 analogue) may improve postprandial hypertriglyceridemia. Since the accumulation of CM remnants correlates to impaired lipid and glucose metabolism and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, further studies are required to investigate the characteristics, physiological activities, and functions of CM remnants for the development of new interventions to reduce atherogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisaku Masuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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9
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Di Minno A, Turnu L, Porro B, Squellerio I, Cavalca V, Tremoli E, Di Minno MND. 8-Hydroxy-2-Deoxyguanosine Levels and Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Literature. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 24:548-55. [PMID: 26650622 PMCID: PMC4827317 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is generated after the repair of ROS-mediated DNA damages and, thus, is one of the most widely recognized biomarkers of oxidative damage of DNA because guanosine is the most oxidized among the DNA nucleobases. In several pathological conditions, high urinary levels of oxidized DNA-derived metabolites have been reported (e.g., cancer, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes). RECENT ADVANCES Even if published studies have shown that DNA damage is significantly associated with the development of atherosclerosis, the exact role of this damage in the onset and progression of this pathology is not fully understood, and the association of oxidative damage to DNA with cardiovascular disease (CVD) still needs to be more extensively investigated. We performed a meta-analysis of the literature to investigate the association among 8-OHdG levels and CVD. CRITICAL ISSUES Fourteen studies (810 CVD patients and 1106 controls) were included in the analysis. We found that CVD patients showed higher 8-OHdG levels than controls (SMD: 1.04, 95%CI: 0.61, 1.47, p < 0.001, I(2) = 94%, p < 0.001). The difference was confirmed both in studies in which 8-OHdG levels were assessed in urine (MD: 4.43, 95%CI: 1.71, 7.15, p = 0.001) and in blood samples (MD: 1.42, 95%CI: 0.64, 2.21, p = 0.0004). Meta-regression models showed that age, hypertension, and male gender significantly impacted on the difference in 8-OHdG levels among CVD patients and controls. FUTURE DIRECTIONS 8-OHdG levels are higher in patients with CVD than in controls. However, larger prospective studies are needed to test 8-OHdG as a predictor of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda Turnu
- 1 Centro Cardiologico Monzino , IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Viviana Cavalca
- 1 Centro Cardiologico Monzino , IRCCS, Milan, Italy .,2 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- 1 Centro Cardiologico Monzino , IRCCS, Milan, Italy .,2 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e di Comunità, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Nicola Dario Di Minno
- 1 Centro Cardiologico Monzino , IRCCS, Milan, Italy .,3 Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Division of Cardiology, Federico II University , Naples, Italy
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Arnaboldi L, Corsini A. Could changes in adiponectin drive the effect of statins on the risk of new-onset diabetes? The case of pitavastatin. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2015; 16:1-27. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(14)70002-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Arao K, Fujiwara T, Taniguchi Y, Jinnouchi H, Sasai H, Matsumoto M, Funayama H, Ako J, Momomura SI. Implications of pentraxin 3 levels in patients with acute aortic dissection. Heart Vessels 2014; 30:211-7. [PMID: 24474442 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-014-0470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute aortic dissection (AAD) causes transient inflammation with occasional pleural fluid (PF) accumulation. Although pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a vascular inflammation-related biomarker, little is known about PTX3 levels in patients with AAD. We explored the serial changes in plasma PTX3 levels and the association of peak levels with the amount of PF accumulation. Consecutive patients (n = 41) with Stanford type B AAD were enrolled, and blood samples for the measurements of serum albumin, plasma PTX3 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected daily until 7 days after symptom onset. PF accumulation on computed tomography imaging on the third hospital day was divided into 3 grades (I: none or slight, II: mild in the uni- or bilateral pleural cavity, III: moderate or more). PTX3 and CRP levels were analyzed after logarithmic transformation because of their skewed distributions. Peak PTX3 and CRP levels were observed at 4.3 ± 2.1 and 4.7 ± 2.0 days after symptom onset, and their values were 12.2 [interquartile range (IQR), 8.2-20.9] ng/mL and 12.0 (IQR, 8.6-15.2) mg/dL, respectively. On univariate analysis, the peak level of PTX3 had a negative correlation with the minimum level of serum albumin, and a positive correlation with PF grade and duration of intensive care unit stay. On multivariate analysis, the peak level of PTX3 was correlated with PF grade (P = 0.037). In conclusion, the peak level of PTX3 in patients with AAD was associated with the amount of transient PF accumulation, which may be associated with inflammatory vascular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshiro Arao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, 1-847 Amanuma, Omiya-ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan,
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Short-term effect of pitavastatin treatment on glucose and lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in fasting and postprandial state using a test meal in Japanese men. CHOLESTEROL 2013; 2013:314170. [PMID: 24386561 PMCID: PMC3872376 DOI: 10.1155/2013/314170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. The objective of this study was to clarify how pitavastatin affects glucose
and lipid metabolism, renal function, and oxidative stress. Methods. Ten Japanese
men (average age of 33.9 years) were orally administered 2 mg of pitavastatin for 4 weeks.
Postprandial glucose, lipoprotein metabolism, and oxidative stress markers were
evaluated at 0 and 4 weeks of pitavastatin treatment (2 mg once daily) with a test meal
consisting of total calories: 460 kcal, carbohydrates: 56.5 g (226 kcal), protein: 18 g (72 kcal), lipids: 18 g (162 kcal), and NaCl: 1.6 g. Metabolic parameters were measured at 0, 60, and 120 minutes after test meal ingestion. Results. After administration of
pitavastatin, serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, arachidonic acid, insulin, and adjusted urinary excretion of uric acid decreased, whereas creatinine clearance (CCr) and uric acid clearance (CUA) increased. And postprandial versus fasting urine 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine remained unchanged, while postprandial versus fasting isoprostane decreased after pitavastatin treatment. Next, we compared postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism after test meal ingestion before and after pitavastatin administration. Incremental areas under the curve significantly decreased for triglycerides (P < 0.05) and remnant-like particle cholesterol (P < 0.01), while those for apolipoprotein E (apoE), glucose, insulin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein remained unchanged. Conclusion. Pitavastatin improves postprandial oxidative stress
along with hyperlipidemia.
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Takase B, Hattori H, Tanaka Y, Nagata M, Ishihara M. Pitavastatin subacutely improves endothelial function and reduces inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in patients with hypercholesterolaemia. HEART ASIA 2013; 5:204-9. [PMID: 27326130 DOI: 10.1136/heartasia-2013-010368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pitavastatin is a statin with strong pleiotropic effects, but the effects of pitavastatin on endothelial cell function (ECF) and both inflammatory cytokines and chemokines have not been fully investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS We simultaneously measured brachial artery (BA) flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) and nitroglycerin-mediated vasodilatation (NMD), as well as plasma biomarkers of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, in patients with hypercholesterolaemia and other atherosclerotic risk factors who were treated with pitavastatin. Sixty-five hypercholesterolaemic patients (age, 66±11 years) with conventional coronary risk factors were enrolled. BA FMD, BA NMD and serum biomarkers (tumour necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-8, P-selectin, E-selectin, soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (s-ICAM1)) were measured before and after 4 weeks of treatment with pitavastatin (2 mg/day). RESULTS Pitavastatin treatment resulted in an increase from baseline to post-treatment in FMD (3.22±1.72 vs 3.97±2.18%, p<0.05) but not in NMD. Furthermore, pitavastatin treatment led to a decrease from baseline to post-treatment in E-selectin (51±27 vs 46±29 pg/mL, p<0.05) and s-ICAM1 (276±86 vs 258±91 pg/mL, p<0.05). Changes in FMD in response to pitavastatin treatment did not correlate with those of E-selectin or s-ICAM1. CONCLUSIONS Pitavastatin treatment resulted in a subacute improvement in ECF and a decrease in chemokine levels. These results suggest that pitavastatin might improve long-term outcomes in patients with atherosclerotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonpei Takase
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine , National Defense Medical College , Saitama , Japan
| | - Hidemi Hattori
- Division of Biomedical Engineering , National Defense Medical College Research Institute , Saitama , Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Tanaka
- Division of Biomedical Engineering , National Defense Medical College Research Institute , Saitama , Japan
| | - Masayoshi Nagata
- Department of Internal Medicine , Iruma Heart Hospital , Saitama , Japan
| | - Masayuki Ishihara
- Division of Biomedical Engineering , National Defense Medical College Research Institute , Saitama , Japan
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Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers inhibit non-esterified-fatty-acid-induced endothelial and rheological dysfunction. Clin Sci (Lond) 2013; 125:247-55. [PMID: 23535137 DOI: 10.1042/cs20120311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Circulating NEFAs (non-esterified fatty acids) from adipose tissue lipolysis lead to endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance in patients with the metabolic syndrome or Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that DHP (dihydropyridine) CCBs (calcium channel blockers) prevent NEFA-induced endothelial and haemorheological dysfunction independently of their antihypertensive properties. Using a double-blind cross-over study design, nifedipine, amlodipine, diltiazem or placebo were administered to eight healthy subjects for 2 days before each study day. On the study days, the following were assessed before and after the infusion of lipid and heparin to raise serum NEFAs: endothelial function, by measuring FBF (forearm blood flow) responses to ACh (acetylcholine); leucocyte activation, by ex vivo measurement of plasma MPO (myeloperoxidase) levels, adherent leucocyte numbers and whole blood transit time through microchannels; and oxidative stress, by determining plasma levels of d-ROMs (derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites). Effects of the CCBs on NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) p65 phospholylation stimulated by NEFAs were assessed in cultured monocytic cells in vitro. Elevated NEFAs reduced the responses to ACh and significantly increased whole blood transit time, adherent leucocyte numbers and d-ROMs. Nifedipine and amlodipine, but not diltiazem, prevented NEFA-induced endothelial dysfunction, leucocyte activation and enhancement of oxidative stress without affecting BP (blood pressure), whereas all these drugs prevented NEFA-induced p65 activation in vitro. These results suggest that DHP CCBs, independent of their antihypertensive properties in humans, prevent NEFA-induced endothelial and haemorheological dysfunction through inhibition of NEFA-induced leucocyte activation, although the sensitivity to drugs of leucocyte Ca2+ channels may differ among cells.
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16
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The administration of pitavastatin augments creatinine clearance associated with reduction in oxidative stress parameters: acute and early effects. Clin Exp Nephrol 2012; 17:240-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-012-0689-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Abstract
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) are established first line treatments for hypercholesterolaemia. In addition to the direct effects of statins in reducing concentrations of atherogenic low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), several studies have indicated that the beneficial effects of statins may be due to some of their cholesterol-independent, multiple (pleiotropic) effects which may differ between different members of the class. Pitavastatin is a novel synthetic lipophilic statin that has a number of pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties distinct from those of other statins, which may underlie its potential pleiotropic benefits in reducing cardiovascular risk factors. This review examines the principal pleiotropic effects of pitavastatin on endothelial function, vascular inflammation, oxidative stress and thrombosis. The article is based on a systematic literature search carried out in December 2010, together with more recent relevant publications where appropriate. The available data from clinical trials and in vitro and animal studies suggest that pitavastatin is not only effective in reducing LDL-C and triglycerides, but also has a range of other effects. These include increasing high density lipoprotein cholesterol, decreasing markers of platelet activation, improving cardiac, renal and endothelial function, and reducing endothelial stress, lipoprotein oxidation and, ultimately, improving the signs and symptoms of atherosclerosis. It is concluded that the diverse pleiotropic actions of pitavastatin may contribute to reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality beyond that achieved through LDL-C reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Davignon
- Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal (IRCM) and University of Montréal, QC, Canada.
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18
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Effects of statins on cardiorenal syndrome. Int J Vasc Med 2012; 2012:162545. [PMID: 22792467 PMCID: PMC3390040 DOI: 10.1155/2012/162545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and renal disease have a close relationship that forms a vicious cycle as a cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular inflammation could be therapeutic targets when the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated by accumulation of conventional cardiovascular risk factors; however, a strategy for management of CRS has not been established yet. Statins, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, have not only cholesterol-lowering effects but also pleiotropic effects on cardiovascular systems, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and improvement of nitric oxide bioavailability. Since recent studies have indicated that statins have beneficial effects on chronic kidney disease and heart failure as well as coronary artery disease in cholesterol-lowering-dependent/independent manners, treatment with statins might be a successful strategy for preventing deterioration of CRS.
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20
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Gazzerro P, Proto MC, Gangemi G, Malfitano AM, Ciaglia E, Pisanti S, Santoro A, Laezza C, Bifulco M. Pharmacological actions of statins: a critical appraisal in the management of cancer. Pharmacol Rev 2011; 64:102-46. [PMID: 22106090 DOI: 10.1124/pr.111.004994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins, among the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide, are cholesterol-lowering agents used to manage and prevent cardiovascular and coronary heart diseases. Recently, a multifaceted action in different physiological and pathological conditions has been also proposed for statins, beyond anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. Statins have been shown to act through cholesterol-dependent and -independent mechanisms and are able to affect several tissue functions and modulate specific signal transduction pathways that could account for statin pleiotropic effects. Typically, statins are prescribed in middle-aged or elderly patients in a therapeutic regimen covering a long life span during which metabolic processes, aging, and concomitant novel diseases, including cancer, could occur. In this context, safety, toxicity, interaction with other drugs, and the state of health have to be taken into account in subjects treated with statins. Some evidence has shown a dichotomous effect of statins with either cancer-inhibiting or -promoting effects. To date, clinical trials failed to demonstrate a reduced cancer occurrence in statin users and no sufficient data are available to define the long-term effects of statin use over a period of 10 years. Moreover, results from clinical trials performed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of statins in cancer did not suggest statin use as chemotherapeutic or adjuvant agents. Here, we reviewed the pharmacology of the statins, providing a comprehensive update of the current knowledge of their effects on tissues, biological processes, and pathological conditions, and we dissected the disappointing evidence on the possible future use of statin-based drugs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
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21
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22
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Azekoshi Y, Yasu T, Watanabe S, Tagawa T, Abe S, Yamakawa K, Uehara Y, Momomura S, Urata H, Ueda S. Free Fatty Acid Causes Leukocyte Activation and Resultant Endothelial Dysfunction Through Enhanced Angiotensin II Production in Mononuclear and Polymorphonuclear Cells. Hypertension 2010; 56:136-42. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.153056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Azekoshi
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Takanori Yasu
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Saiko Watanabe
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Tatsuya Tagawa
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Satomi Abe
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Ken Yamakawa
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Yoshinari Uehara
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Shinichi Momomura
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Hidenori Urata
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
| | - Shinichiro Ueda
- From the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (Y.A., T.Y., S.W., T.T., K.Y., S.U.), University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases (S.A., Y.U., H.U.), Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of First Integrated Medicine (S.M.), Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan; Current address (T.T.): Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Seinan Jo Gakuin
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Sano K, Nakamura T, Hirano M, Kitta Y, Kobayashi T, Fujioka D, Saito Y, Yano T, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Mishina H, Obata JE, Kawabata KI, Kugiyama K. Comparative study of bezafibrate and pravastatin in patients with coronary artery disease and high levels of remnant lipoprotein. Circ J 2010; 74:1644-50. [PMID: 20574136 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remnant lipoproteinemia is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) diseases. This study examined which of 2 common lipid-lowering drugs (fibrates and statins) is more effective in patients with remnant lipoproteinemia and if lowering remnant lipoprotein levels can reduce CV risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Remnant lipoprotein levels were measured by an immunoseparation method (remnant-like lipoprotein particles cholesterol: RLP-C) in 274 patients with coronary artery disease and high RLP-C levels (>or=5.0 mg/dl). They were randomly assigned to receive bezafibrate (200-400 mg/day) or pravastatin (10-20 mg/day), and were prospectively followed-up for 1 year or until the occurrence of CV events. Complete follow-up data were obtained in 180 patients. RLP-C levels at 1 year of treatment were reduced more by bezafibrate than pravastatin (37% and 25% from baseline, respectively). During follow-up, bezafibrate-treated patients had 3 CV events, compared with 12 events in pravastatin-treated patients (P<0.01). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, a decrease in RLP-C level was significantly associated with a reduction in CV events after adjustment for treatment group and changes in levels of other lipids. CONCLUSIONS Bezafibrate therapy decreased RLP-C levels to a greater extent than pravastatin and a decrease in RLP-C level may be associated with a reduction in CV events in patients with high RLP-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Sano
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
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24
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Hiki M, Shimada K, Kiyanagi T, Fukao K, Hirose K, Ohsaka H, Fukushima Y, Kume A, Matsumori R, Sumiyoshi K, Miyazaki T, Ohmura H, Kurata T, Miida T, Daida H. Single administration of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors on endothelial function and incretin secretion in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease - Juntendo University trial: effects of miglitol on endothelial vascular reactivity in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease (J-MACH) -. Circ J 2010; 74:1471-8. [PMID: 20519875 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-prandial hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and endothelial dysfunction play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Improvement in post-prandial hyperglycemia on alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (alpha-GIs) is associated with a risk reduction of cardiovascular diseases, but the post-prandial effects of alpha-GIs on endothelial function and incretin secretion in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS The post-prandial effects of a single administration of miglitol and voglibose on endothelial function and changing levels of glucose, insulin, lipids, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) were compared after a standard meal loading in 11 diabetic patients with CAD, using a placebo-controlled cross-over design. The changing levels of glucose, insulin and triglycerides at 60 min were significantly lower in the miglitol group than in the voglibose and placebo groups (all P<0.01). GLP-1 levels were significantly higher at 120 min (P<0.05) and GIP levels were significantly lower at 30 min and 60 min (P<0.05) in the miglitol group compared to other treatments. The reactive hyperemia duration at 120 min was significantly maintained in the miglitol group compared to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS A single administration of miglitol significantly improved post-prandial glucose/lipid metabolism, incretin secretion, and endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients with CAD, suggesting that miglitol may be a useful anti-atherogenic agent (UMIN000002264).
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Hiki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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25
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Ikeda N, Yasu T, Tsuboi K, Sugawara Y, Kubo N, Umemoto T, Arao K, Kawakami M, Momomura SI. Effects of Submaximal Exercise on Blood Rheology and Sympathetic Nerve Activity. Circ J 2010; 74:730-4. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Ikeda
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Takanori Yasu
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ken Tsuboi
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Yoshitaka Sugawara
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Norifumi Kubo
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Tomio Umemoto
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Kenshiro Arao
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Masanobu Kawakami
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
| | - Shin-ichi Momomura
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
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26
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Yasu T, Ikeda N. Whole Blood Passage Time:. Circ J 2010. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-10-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Yasu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of the Ryukyus, Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Nahoko Ikeda
- First Department of Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University
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27
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Matsuoka H. Postprandial microvascular dysfunction. Circ J 2009; 73:1399-400. [PMID: 19628923 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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