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Cambria E, Steiger J, Günter J, Bopp A, Wolint P, Hoerstrup SP, Emmert MY. Cardiac Regenerative Medicine: The Potential of a New Generation of Stem Cells. Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:275-281. [PMID: 27721703 DOI: 10.1159/000448179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac stem cell therapy holds great potential to prompt myocardial regeneration in patients with ischemic heart disease. The selection of the most suitable cell type is pivotal for its successful application. Various cell types, including crude bone marrow mononuclear cells, skeletal myoblast, and hematopoietic and endothelial progenitors, have already advanced into the clinical arena based on promising results from different experimental and preclinical studies. However, most of these so-called first-generation cell types have failed to fully emulate the promising preclinical data in clinical trials, resulting in heterogeneous outcomes and a critical lack of translation. Therefore, different next-generation cell types are currently under investigation for the treatment of the diseased myocardium. This review article provides an overview of current stem cell therapy concepts, including the application of cardiac stem (CSCs) and progenitor cells (CPCs) and lineage commitment via guided cardiopoiesis from multipotent cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or pluripotent cells such as embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. Furthermore, it introduces new strategies combining complementary cell types, such as MSCs and CSCs/CPCs, which can yield synergistic effects to boost cardiac regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cambria
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Steiger
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Günter
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annina Bopp
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Wolint
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maximilian Y Emmert
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Wyss Translational Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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