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Kuna C, Wiedenmayer N, Bradaric C, Presch A, Voll F, Kufner S, Ibrahim T, Schunkert H, Laugwitz KL, Cassese S, Kastrati A, Wiebe J. Ten-year outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention of in-stent restenosis in saphenous vein grafts. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2023; 102:646-654. [PMID: 37605515 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.30807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only few data is available for long-term outcomes of patients being treated for in-stent restenosis (ISR) in saphenous vein grafts (SVG). AIMS Thus, the aim of this observational, retrospective study was to close this lack of evidence. METHODS Between January 2007 and February 2021 a total of 163 patients with 186 ISR lesions located in SVG were treated at two large-volume centers in Munich, Germany. Endpoints of interest were all-cause mortality, target lesion revascularization (TLR) and target vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI). Furthermore, recurrent ISR were assessed. Outcomes are presented as Kaplan-Meier event rates. RESULTS Mean age was 72.6 ± 8.6 years, 90.8% were male, 36.8% were diabetics and 42.3% presented an acute coronary syndrome. ISR were treated with DES in 64.0% and with balloon angioplasty (BA) in 36.0%. After 10 years, the rates for all-cause mortality, TVMI and TLR were 58.2%, 15.4%, and 22.6%, respectively. No statistically relevant differences were found between the types of treatment (DES or BA) regarding all-cause mortality (55.7% vs. 63.2%, p = 0.181), TVMI (13.8% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.215) and TLR (21.8% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.764). Median time between first and recurrent ISR was 270.8 days. Recurrent ISR were treated with DES in a comparable proportion as during first ISR (p = 0.075). Independent predictor of TLR is patient age (p = 0.034). The median follow-up duration was 5.1 years (75% CI 2.8; 8.5). CONCLUSIONS Clinical event rates after intervention of ISR located in SVG are high without statistically relevant differences regarding the type of treatment. However, further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Kuna
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadine Wiedenmayer
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Bradaric
- Clinic and Policlinic Internal Medicine I (Cardiology and Angiology), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonia Presch
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Voll
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kufner
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tareq Ibrahim
- Clinic and Policlinic Internal Medicine I (Cardiology and Angiology), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- Clinic and Policlinic Internal Medicine I (Cardiology and Angiology), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Salvatore Cassese
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Wiebe
- Department of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Roleder T, Pociask E, Wanha W, Gasior P, Dobrolinska M, Garncarek M, Pietraszewski P, Kurzelowski R, Smolka G, Wojakowski W. Multimodality intravascular imaging of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds implanted in vein grafts. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2019; 15:151-157. [PMID: 31497047 PMCID: PMC6727228 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2019.86010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are no data presenting a serial assessment of vein graft healing after bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS) implantation at long-term follow-up. AIM To describe ABSORB BVS healing in vein grafts by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and high-definition intravascular imaging (HD-IVUS) at long-term follow-up.Material and methods: The study group consisted of 6 patients. The first patient had serial OCT assessment of BVS implanted in the saphenous vein grafts (SVG) at baseline and at 3-, 6-, 18-month follow-up and the second patient had OCT assessment of BVS implanted in the SVG at baseline and 24-, 48-month follow-up. The second and the third patients had OCT and HD-IVUS imaging at baseline and 48-month follow-up. The last 3 patients had OCT imaging of BVS implanted in the native coronary artery at 48-month follow-up. RESULTS There were no differences in neointimal hyperplasia after BVS implantation between each time point. However, complete scaffold coverage was observed only 48 months after implantation. Out of 202 analyzed scaffold struts, there were 67 (33%) black boxes detectable at 48-month follow-up. HD-IVUS presented plaque burden up to 67% at the segment of BVS implantation at 48-months follow-up. There was a difference in neointimal hyperplasia thickness (1.27 (0.953-1.696) vs. 0.757 (0.633-0.848), p < 0.001) between a native coronary artery and BVS scaffolds at 48-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Bioresorbable vascular scaffold implanted in SVG characterized moderate neointimal hyperplasia as excessive as compared to native coronary arteries at long-term follow-up. The complete scaffold coverage was observed only 48 months after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Roleder
- Regional Specialist Hospital, Research and Development Center, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Pociask
- Department of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wanha
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, 3 Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Pawel Gasior
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, 3 Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dobrolinska
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, 3 Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Garncarek
- Regional Specialist Hospital, Research and Development Center, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Radoslaw Kurzelowski
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, 3 Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Smolka
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, 3 Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wojakowski
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases, 3 Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Prediction models for different plaque morphology in non-significantly stenosed regions of saphenous vein grafts assessed with optical coherence tomography. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2019; 14:363-372. [PMID: 30603026 PMCID: PMC6309833 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2018.79866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a method of choice in treatment of diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD), although it has some limitations such as late saphenous vein graft (SVG) patency loss, which occurs in one fifth of all conduits at 5 years. Since atherosclerosis in SVG has diffuse characteristics, it appears that significantly and non-significantly stenosed lesions may have an equal impact on worse prognosis. Aim To assess non-significant lesions of SVG by the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and investigate the clinical and laboratory findings with the potential impact on plaque composition. Material and methods Twenty-nine patients with 43 non-significant lesions were enrolled in the study. All variables were assessed using uni- and multivariable logistic regression analysis with each plaque morphology as a dependent variable. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed. Results Plaque rupture (PRT) was independently associated with age (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09–2.04, p = 0.015) and lower rates of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49–0.92, p = 0.016). Intimal tearing or rupture (ITR) was related to reduced GFR (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.38–0.72, p = 0.0004). Lipid-rich plaque (LRP) was associated with raised platelet count (PLT) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.16–1.96, p = 0.004) and increased frequency of smoking (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.12–1.89, p = 0.007). Conclusions Atherosclerosis of SVG is not restricted to significantly stenosed lesions. Plaque composition is independently associated with different types of clinical and laboratory findings, mostly recognized as risk factors of CAD.
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Saphenous graft atherosclerosis as assessed by optical coherence tomography data for stenotic and non-stenotic lesions from the OCTOPUS registry. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2018; 14:157-166. [PMID: 30008768 PMCID: PMC6041839 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2018.76407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), although widely used for a long time in diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD), has serious limitations associated with graft aging and its degeneration. Aim The relationship between saphenous vein graft (SVG) plaque morphology assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and clinical findings has not been elucidated yet. Material and methods We compared the morphology of SVG in stenotic vs. non-stenotic lesions using OCT imaging in 29 patients hospitalized in our center within the OCTOPUS registry. Results Stenotic lesions were characterized by higher incidence of thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) (33% vs. 0%, p = 0.0048), thrombus (28% vs. 0%, p = 0.0008), lipid-rich plaque (LRP) (75% vs. 35%, p = 0.0013) and plaque within the SVG valve (19% vs. 0%, p = 0.0114) as compared to non-stenotic lesions. Patients with intimal tearing or rupture (ITR) were older (75.8% vs. 68.9 years, p = 0.047) and had lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (32.0% vs. 49.7%, p = 0.001) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (36.0 vs. 73.6 ml/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.010). Patients with calcified lesions vs. those without had lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (33.2 vs. 44.1 mg/dl, p = 0.018), similarly to those with ruptured plaque vs. those without (28.3 vs. 41.7 mg/dl, p = 0.047). Conclusions Presence of ITR was associated with advanced age, decreased LVEF and renal insufficiency. Decreased concentration of HDL was associated with higher occurrence of calcified and ruptured plaque.
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