1
|
Ceccotti E, Chiabotto G, Cedrino M, Gambella A, Delsedime L, Ghigo A, Salio C, Grange C, Herrera Sanchez MB, Femminò S, Sassoè-Pognetto M, Brizzi MF, Camussi G, Bruno S. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Liver Stem Cells Counteract Chronic Kidney Disease Development and Cardiac Dysfunction in Remnant Kidney Murine Model: The Possible Involvement of Proteases. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1517. [PMID: 39062090 PMCID: PMC11274379 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and consists of the accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components, causing the progressive deterioration of kidney function. Human liver stem cells (HLSCs) have anti-fibrotic activity, and HLSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate this effect. Herein, we evaluated the ability of HLSC-EVs to reverse renal and cardiac alterations in a murine model of partial nephrectomy (PNx) that mimics human CKD development. Furthermore, we investigated the contribution of extracellular matrix remodeling-related proteases to the anti-fibrotic effect of HLSC-EVs. PNx was performed by ligation of both poles of the left kidney, followed one week later by the removal of the right kidney. EV treatment started 4 weeks after the nephrectomy, when renal and cardiac alternations were already established, and mice were sacrificed at week eight. HLSC-EV treatment improved renal function and morphology, significantly decreasing interstitial fibrosis, glomerular sclerosis, and capillary rarefaction. This improvement was confirmed by the decreased expression of pro-fibrotic genes. Moreover, EV treatment improved cardiac function and reduced cardiac fibrosis. HLSC-EVs shuttled different proteases with ECM remodeling activity, and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) was involved in their anti-fibrotic effect on renal tissue. HLSC-EV treatment interferes with CKD development and ameliorates cardiomyopathy in PNx mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ceccotti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Giulia Chiabotto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| | | | - Alessandro Gambella
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Luisa Delsedime
- Pathology Unit, Città delle Salute e della Scienza Hospital, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center “Guido Tarone”, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Salio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, Grugliasco, 10095 Torino, Italy
| | - Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Maria Beatriz Herrera Sanchez
- 2i3T, Società per la Gestione dell’Incubatore di Imprese e per il Trasferimento Tecnologico, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Saveria Femminò
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Marco Sassoè-Pognetto
- Department of Neurosciences “Rita Levi Montalcini”, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (E.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Toyosaki E, Mochizuki Y, Den H, Ichikawa S, Miyazaki H, Chino S, Hachiya R, Fukuoka H, Kokaze A, Matsuyama T, Shinke T. Relationship Between Results of Pathological Evaluation of Endomyocardial Biopsy and Echocardiographic Indices in Patients With Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Circ Rep 2023; 5:331-337. [PMID: 37564876 PMCID: PMC10411993 DOI: 10.1253/circrep.cr-23-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is a useful modality in diagnosing the origin of cardiomyopathy and the condition of the impaired myocardium. However, the usefulness of obtaining an EMB from the right and left ventricles (RV and LV, respectively), and its associations with echocardiographic parameters, have not been explored. Methods and Results: Ninety-five consecutive patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy excluding myocarditis who underwent EMB between July 2017 and May 2019 were studied. Seventy-nine RV and 93 LV biopsy specimens were pathologically analyzed. The relationships among echocardiographic data before EMB and pathologically measured cardiomyocyte diameter (CMD) and interstitial fibrosis (IF) were evaluated. CMD in both LV and RV specimens correlated with echocardiographic LV morphology, but only CMD in the LV was significantly correlated with cardiac function evaluation, including LV ejection fraction, E' and E/E'. In contrast, there were no significant correlations between IF in either the LV or RV and any echocardiographic parameters measured. Furthermore, CMD of both ventricles was significantly correlated with B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentration at EMB, whereas IF of the LV was barely related and IF of the RV was not significantly correlated with BNP concentrations. Conclusions: Pathologically evaluated CMD of EMB specimens of the LV may be more related to functional parameters for heart failure status and LV geometry on echocardiographic examination, than IF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Toyosaki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasuhide Mochizuki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroki Den
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Saaya Ichikawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Haruka Miyazaki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Saori Chino
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Rumi Hachiya
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroto Fukuoka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | - Akatsuki Kokaze
- Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Toshiro Shinke
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Tokyo Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pilati M, Rebonato M, Formigari R, Butera G. Endomyocardial Biopsy in Pediatric Myocarditis and Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Tool in Search for a Role. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9010024. [PMID: 35050234 PMCID: PMC8779008 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is a well-known diagnostic tool for the investigation and treatment of myocardial diseases and remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of myocarditis. Due to its invasiveness, with a complication rate ranging from 1 to 15%, its role in the diagnostic work-up of pediatric heart failure is not well established. The aim of this review is to define the role of EMB as diagnostic technique in the work up of children presenting with severe left ventricular dysfunction with the support of our center experience.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kitaoka H, Tsutsui H, Kubo T, Ide T, Chikamori T, Fukuda K, Fujino N, Higo T, Isobe M, Kamiya C, Kato S, Kihara Y, Kinugawa K, Kinugawa S, Kogaki S, Komuro I, Hagiwara N, Ono M, Maekawa Y, Makita S, Matsui Y, Matsushima S, Sakata Y, Sawa Y, Shimizu W, Teraoka K, Tsuchihashi-Makaya M, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Watanabe M, Yoshimura M, Fukusima A, Hida S, Hikoso S, Imamura T, Ishida H, Kawai M, Kitagawa T, Kohno T, Kurisu S, Nagata Y, Nakamura M, Morita H, Takano H, Shiga T, Takei Y, Yuasa S, Yamamoto T, Watanabe T, Akasaka T, Doi Y, Kimura T, Kitakaze M, Kosuge M, Takayama M, Tomoike H. JCS/JHFS 2018 Guideline on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies. Circ J 2021; 85:1590-1689. [PMID: 34305070 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kitaoka
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | | | - Toru Kubo
- Department of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University
| | | | - Keiichi Fukuda
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Noboru Fujino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University, Graduate School of Medical Science
| | - Taiki Higo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Chizuko Kamiya
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Seiya Kato
- Division of Pathology, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Shigetoyo Kogaki
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Osaka General Medical Center
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Minoru Ono
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Yuichiro Maekawa
- Division of Cardiology, Internal Medicine III, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Shigeru Makita
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Saitama International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University
| | - Yoshiro Matsui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hanaoka Seishu Memorial Hospital
| | | | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | | | | | | | - Masafumi Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Michihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | | | - Satoshi Hida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical University
| | - Shungo Hikoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Makoto Kawai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | - Toshiro Kitagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine
| | - Satoshi Kurisu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences
| | - Yoji Nagata
- Division of Cardiology, Fukui CardioVascular Center
| | - Makiko Nakamura
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hitoshi Takano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital
| | - Tsuyoshi Shiga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The Jikei University School of Medicine
| | | | - Shinsuke Yuasa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Teppei Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Tetsu Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Nephrology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Masami Kosuge
- Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Behzadnia N, Sharif-Kashani B, Ahmadi ZH, Naghashzadeh F, Dorudinia A, Jahangirifard A, Hamarz H, Abbasi P. Evaluation of cardiomyopathy diagnosis in heart transplant recipients: comparison of echocardiographic and pathologic classification. Egypt Heart J 2021; 73:29. [PMID: 33765208 PMCID: PMC7994484 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-021-00154-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Definite diagnosis of cardiomyopathy types can be challenging in end-stage disease process. New growing data have suggested that there is inconsistency between echocardiography and pathology in defining type of cardiomyopathy before and after heart transplantation. The aim of the present study was to compare the pre-heart transplant echocardiographic diagnosis of cardiomyopathy with the results of post-transplant pathologic diagnosis. Results In this retrospective cross-sectional clinicopathological study, 100 consecutive patients have undergone heart transplantation in Masih-Daneshvari hospital, Tehran, Iran, between 2010 and 2019. The mean age of patients was 40 ± 13 years and 79% of patients were male. The frequency of different types of cardiomyopathy was significantly different between two diagnostic tools (echocardiography versus pathology, P < 0.001). On the other hand, in 24 patients, the results of echocardiography as regard to the type of cardiomyopathy were inconsistent with pathologic findings. Conclusion Based on the findings of the present study, it could be concluded that there is a significant difference between echocardiographic and pathologic diagnosis of cardiomyopathy; therefore, it is necessary to use additional tools for definite diagnosis of cardiomyopathy like advanced cardiac imaging or even endomyocardial biopsy before heart transplantation to reach an appropriate treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Behzadnia
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Sharif-Kashani
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zargham Hossein Ahmadi
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farah Naghashzadeh
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atosa Dorudinia
- Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Jahangirifard
- Lung Transplantation Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamoun Hamarz
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Abbasi
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Nikan Education and Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Díez J, González A, Kovacic JC. Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis in Nonischemic Heart Disease, Part 3/4: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:2204-2218. [PMID: 32354386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial interstitial fibrosis (MIF) is a histological hallmark of several cardiac diseases that alter myocardial architecture and function and are associated with progression to heart failure. MIF is a diffuse and patchy process, appearing as a combination of interstitial microscars, perivascular collagen fiber deposition, and increased thickness of mysial collagen strands. Although MIF arises mainly because of alterations in fibrillar collagen turnover leading to collagen fiber accumulation, there are also alterations in other nonfibrillar extracellular matrix components, such as fibronectin and matricellular proteins. Furthermore, in addition to an excess of collagen, qualitative changes in collagen fibers also contribute to the detrimental impact of MIF. In this part 3 of a 4-part JACC Focus Seminar, we review the evidence on the complex mechanisms leading to MIF, as well as its contribution to systolic and diastolic cardiac dysfunction and impaired clinical outcomes in patients with nonischemic heart disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Díez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Nephrology, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nakra T, Arava S, Seth S, Ojha V, Jagia P, Ray R. Experience of endomyocardial biopsy from a tertiary care center in India. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2020; 29:498-507. [PMID: 33342245 DOI: 10.1177/0218492320981503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard and has a definite role in the surveillance of cardiac allograft rejection. Its role in other cardiac diseases is limited. However, it is required for conclusive diagnosis of a few entities in which it can influence patient management. There is no reported data regarding the utility of endomyocardial biopsy in the Indian population. Thus, this study was undertaken in a tertiary care center in India to assess the utility of endomyocardial biopsy in various cardiac diseases in the context of clinical diagnoses. METHODS All endomyocardial biopsies conducted over a 27-year period were evaluated. Clinical details including indication for biopsy were collected. Histopathological findings were recorded and classified as definitive diagnosis, probable diagnosis with features consistent with the clinical diagnosis, and nonspecific morphological findings. RESULTS A total of 927 endomyocardial biopsies from 719 patients were reviewed. Endomyocardial biopsy was diagnostic in 12.5% of native cardiac biopsies and 52.1% showed nondiagnostic findings. The most frequent diagnoses were amyloidosis (58.7%) and myocarditis (8.6%). Endomyocardial biopsy had a diagnostic role in evaluation of restrictive cardiac diseases. Endomyocardial fibrosis and tubercular myocarditis, relatively more prevalent in the Indian population, were also identified. Cases of rheumatic heart disease, desmin cardiomyopathy, and microfibrillar cardiomyopathy were surprise findings, proving the usefulness of endomyocardial biopsy in detecting some rare cardiac conditions. CONCLUSION Endomyocardial biopsy is an important tool for the diagnosis of specific cardiac diseases including some rare entities, and for conditions which are more prevalent in our country, requiring biopsy confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tripti Nakra
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudheer Arava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Seth
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineeta Ojha
- Department of Cardiovascular Radiology and Endovascular Interventions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Priya Jagia
- Department of Cardiovascular Radiology and Endovascular Interventions, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ruma Ray
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Watanabe T, Yanase M, Seguchi O, Fujita T, Hamasaki T, Nakajima S, Kuroda K, Kumai Y, Toda K, Iwasaki K, Kimura Y, Mochizuki H, Anegawa E, Sujino Y, Yagi N, Yoshitake K, Wada K, Matsuda S, Takenaka H, Ikura M, Nakagita K, Yajima S, Matsumoto Y, Tadokoro N, Kakuta T, Fukushima S, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Kobayashi J, Fukushima N. Influence of Induction Therapy Using Basiliximab With Delayed Tacrolimus Administration in Heart Transplant Recipients - Comparison With Standard Tacrolimus-Based Triple Immunosuppression. Circ J 2020; 84:2212-2223. [PMID: 33148937 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-20-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate indications and protocols for induction therapy using basiliximab have not been fully established in heart transplant (HTx) recipients. This study elucidated the influence of induction therapy using basiliximab along with delayed tacrolimus (Tac) initiation on the outcomes of high-risk HTx recipients.Methods and Results:A total of 86 HTx recipients treated with Tac-based immunosuppression were retrospectively reviewed. Induction therapy was administered to 46 recipients (53.5%) with impaired renal function, pre-transplant sensitization, and recipient- and donor-related risk factors (Induction group). Tac administration was delayed in the Induction group. Induction group subjects showed a lower cumulative incidence of acute cellular rejection grade ≥1R after propensity score adjustment, but this was not significantly different (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37-1.08, P=0.093). Renal dysfunction in the Induction group significantly improved 6 months post-transplantation (P=0.029). The cumulative incidence of bacterial or fungal infections was significantly higher in the Induction group (HR: 10.6, 95% CI: 1.28-88.2, P=0.029). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that basiliximab-based induction therapy with delayed Tac initiation may suppress mild acute cellular rejection and improve renal function in recipients with renal dysfunction, resulting in its non-inferior outcome, even in high-risk patients, when applied to the appropriate recipients. However, it should be carefully considered in recipients at a high risk of bacterial and fungal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Watanabe
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Masanobu Yanase
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Osamu Seguchi
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Tomoyuki Fujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Seiko Nakajima
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kensuke Kuroda
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Yuto Kumai
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Koichi Toda
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Keiichiro Iwasaki
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Yuki Kimura
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Hiroki Mochizuki
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Eiji Anegawa
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Yasumori Sujino
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Nobuichiro Yagi
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Koichi Yoshitake
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kyoichi Wada
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Sachi Matsuda
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Hiromi Takenaka
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Megumi Ikura
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Kazuki Nakagita
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shin Yajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Yorihiko Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Naoki Tadokoro
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Takashi Kakuta
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Satsuki Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Junjiro Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Norihide Fukushima
- Department of Transplant Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hara A, Niwa M, Kanayama T, Noguchi K, Niwa A, Matsuo M, Kuroda T, Hatano Y, Okada H, Tomita H. Galectin-3: A Potential Prognostic and Diagnostic Marker for Heart Disease and Detection of Early Stage Pathology. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091277. [PMID: 32899694 PMCID: PMC7565392 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of molecular biomarkers for the early detection of heart disease, before their onset of symptoms, is an attractive novel approach. Ideal molecular biomarkers, those that are both sensitive and specific to heart disease, are likely to provide a much earlier diagnosis, thereby providing better treatment outcomes. Galectin-3 is expressed by various immune cells, including mast cells, histiocytes and macrophages, and plays an important role in diverse physiological functions. Since galectin-3 is readily expressed on the cell surface, and is readily secreted by injured and inflammatory cells, it has been suggested that cardiac galectin-3 could be a marker for cardiac disorders such as cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, depending on the specific pathogenesis. Thus, galectin-3 may be a novel candidate biomarker for the diagnosis, analysis and prognosis of various cardiac diseases, including heart failure. The goals of heart disease treatment are to prevent acute onset and to predict their occurrence by using the ideal molecular biomarkers. In this review, we discuss and summarize recent developments of galectin-3 as a next-generation molecular biomarker of heart disease. Furthermore, we describe how galectin-3 may be useful as a diagnostic marker for detecting the early stages of various heart diseases, which may contribute to improved early therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Hara
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-58-230-6225
| | - Masayuki Niwa
- Medical Education Development Center, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan;
| | - Tomohiro Kanayama
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Kei Noguchi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Ayumi Niwa
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Mikiko Matsuo
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Takahiro Kuroda
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Yuichiro Hatano
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
| | - Hideshi Okada
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.K.); (K.N.); (A.N.); (M.M.); (T.K.); (Y.H.); (H.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Casella M, Dello Russo A, Bergonti M, Catto V, Conte E, Sommariva E, Gasperetti A, Vettor G, Tundo F, Sicuso R, Rizzo S, Mushtaq S, Della Rocca D, Pompilio G, Di Biase L, Andreini D, Natale A, Basso C, Tondo C. Diagnostic Yield of Electroanatomic Voltage Mapping in Guiding Endomyocardial Biopsies. Circulation 2020; 142:1249-1260. [PMID: 32791857 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.046900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroanatomic voltage mapping (EVM) is a promising modality for guiding endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs). However, few data support its feasibility and safety. We now report the largest cohort of patients undergoing EVM-guided EMBs to show its diagnostic yield and to compare it with a cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-guided approach. METHODS We included 162 consecutive patients undergoing EMB at our institution from 2010 to 2019. EMB was performed in pathological areas identified at EVM and CMR. CMR and EVM sensitivity and specificity regarding the identification of pathological substrates of myocardium were evaluated according to EMB results. RESULTS Preoperative CMR showed late gadolinium enhancement in 70% of the patients, whereas EVM identified areas of low voltage in 61%. Right (73%), left (19%), or both ventricles (8%) underwent sampling. EVM proved to have sensitivity similar to CMR (74% versus 77%), with specificity being 70% and 47%, respectively. In 12 patients with EMB-proven cardiomyopathy, EVM identified pathological areas that had been undetected at CMR evaluation. Sensitivity of pooled EVM and CMR was as high as 95%. EMB analysis allowed us to reach a new diagnosis, different from the suspected clinical diagnosis, in 39% of patients. The complications rate was low, mostly related to vascular access, with no patients requiring urgent management. CONCLUSIONS EVM proved to be a promising tool for targeted EMB because of its sensitivity and specificity for identification of myocardial pathological substrates. EVM was demonstrated to have accuracy similar to CMR. EVM and CMR together conferred a positive predictive value of 89% on EMB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Casella
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Pacing(M.C., V.C., A.G., G.V., F.T., R.S., C.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy.,Cardiology and Arrhythmology Clinic, Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences(M.C.), University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi," Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Dello Russo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health(A.D.R.), University Hospital "Umberto I - Lancisi - Salesi," Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Bergonti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy(M.B., G.P., D.A., C.T.)
| | - Valentina Catto
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Pacing(M.C., V.C., A.G., G.V., F.T., R.S., C.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Edoardo Conte
- Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Radiology Unit(E.C., S.M., D.A.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Sommariva
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine(E.S., G.P.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessio Gasperetti
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Pacing(M.C., V.C., A.G., G.V., F.T., R.S., C.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Vettor
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Pacing(M.C., V.C., A.G., G.V., F.T., R.S., C.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Tundo
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Pacing(M.C., V.C., A.G., G.V., F.T., R.S., C.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Rita Sicuso
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Pacing(M.C., V.C., A.G., G.V., F.T., R.S., C.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Azienda Ospedaliera-University of Padua, Padova, Italy(S.R., C.B.)
| | - Saima Mushtaq
- Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Radiology Unit(E.C., S.M., D.A.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine(E.S., G.P.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy(M.B., G.P., D.A., C.T.)
| | - Luigi Di Biase
- Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York(L.D.B.)
| | - Daniele Andreini
- Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Radiology Unit(E.C., S.M., D.A.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy(M.B., G.P., D.A., C.T.)
| | - Andrea Natale
- Texas Cardiac Arrhyhtmia Institute, St David's Hospital, Austin(D.D.R., A.N.)
| | - Cristina Basso
- Cardiovascular Pathology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Azienda Ospedaliera-University of Padua, Padova, Italy(S.R., C.B.)
| | - Claudio Tondo
- Department of Clinical Electrophysiology and Pacing(M.C., V.C., A.G., G.V., F.T., R.S., C.T.), Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milano, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy(M.B., G.P., D.A., C.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kawano H, Iyama K, Abe K, Ishijima M, Yonekura T, Koga S, Ikeda S, Maemura K. A case of chronic myocarditis. Pathol Int 2020; 70:793-797. [PMID: 32716103 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic myocarditis is sometimes difficult to diagnose using several clinical diagnostic modalities. A 43-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital with heart failure due to a diffusely hypokinetic left ventricle. No abnormal accumulation was seen on 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Coronary angiography showed no abnormalities. Endomyocardial biopsy was performed on suspicion of dilated cardiomyopathy, revealing diffuse cell infiltration (more T lymphocytes associated with macrophages than B cells on immunohistochemical staining), myocyte damage, and replacement fibrosis. The pathological diagnosis of biopsy specimen was difficult to differentiate between chronic myocarditis and inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy without immunohistochemistry. Endomyocardial biopsy offers one of the most useful methods for diagnosing chronic myocarditis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kawano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Keita Iyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kuniko Abe
- Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ishijima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yonekura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Seiji Koga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Maemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kawai H, Sarai M, Kato Y, Naruse H, Watanabe A, Matsuyama T, Takahashi H, Motoyama S, Ishii J, Morimoto SI, Toyama H, Ozaki Y. Diagnosis of isolated cardiac sarcoidosis based on new guidelines. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:2662-2671. [PMID: 32578957 PMCID: PMC7524076 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In the updated guidelines for cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) proposed by the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS), the definition of isolated CS (iCS) was established for the first time. This prompted us to examine the characteristics of patients with CS including iCS according to them by reviewing patients undergoing 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose positron‐emission tomography/computerized tomography (FDG‐PET/CT), compared with those with CS determined by the conventional international criteria. Methods and results From 2013 to 2019, 94 patients (61 ± 15 years, 50 female patients) with suspected CS underwent whole‐body and cardiac FDG‐PET/CT scanning. In contrast to 22 patients with CS based on the international criteria, 34 [27 with systemic sarcoidosis including cardiac involvement (sCS) and 7 with definitive iCS] were diagnosed with CS according to the new JCS guidelines (P = 0.012), and 60 were not (4 suspected iCS, 13 systematic sarcoidosis without cardiac involvement, and 43 no sarcoidosis). In addition to 26 of 34 patients with CS, corticosteroids were also started in 6 of 60 without CS according to clinical need. Conclusions Diagnostic yield with the new JCS guidelines was higher, with approximately 1.5‐fold of the patients diagnosed with CS compared with the previous international criteria and definitive iCS accounting for approximately 20% of the whole CS cohort. In addition to 75% of the patients with sCS or definitive iCS in the updated guidelines, 10% in whom CS was not documented were also started on corticosteroids for clinical indications such as reduced cardiac function or arrhythmia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Kawai
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Sarai
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yasuchika Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Naruse
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Ayumi Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | | | - Sadako Motoyama
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Junnichi Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Morimoto
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Toyama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yukio Ozaki
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Toyoake, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
State-of-the-art Review: Interventional Onco-Cardiology. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-020-00809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
14
|
Galectin-3 as a Next-Generation Biomarker for Detecting Early Stage of Various Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030389. [PMID: 32138174 PMCID: PMC7175224 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin which is important in numerous biological activities in various organs, including cell proliferation, apoptotic regulation, inflammation, fibrosis, and host defense. Galectin-3 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm and expressed on the cell surface, and then often secreted into biological fluids, like serum and urine. It is also released from injured cells and inflammatory cells under various pathological conditions. Many studies have revealed that galectin-3 plays an important role as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for certain types of heart disease, kidney disease, viral infection, autoimmune disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and tumor formation. In particular, it has been recognized that galectin-3 is extremely useful for detecting many of these diseases in their early stages. The purpose of this article is to review and summarize the recent literature focusing on the biomarker characteristics and long-term outcome predictions of galectin-3, in not only patients with various types of diseases, but associated animal models.
Collapse
|
15
|
Donisan T, Balanescu DV, Palaskas N, Lopez-Mattei J, Karimzad K, Kim P, Charitakis K, Cilingiroglu M, Marmagkiolis K, Iliescu C. Cardiac Interventional Procedures in Cardio-Oncology Patients. Cardiol Clin 2020; 37:469-486. [PMID: 31587788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Comorbidities specific to the cardio-oncology population contribute to the challenges in the interventional management of patients with cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients with cancer have generally been excluded from cardiovascular randomized clinical trials. Endovascular procedures may represent a valid option in patients with cancer with a range of CVDs because of their minimally invasive nature. Patients with cancer are less likely to be treated according to societal guidelines because of perceived high risk. This article presents the specific challenges that interventional cardiologists face when caring for patients with cancer and the modern tools to optimize care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Donisan
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA. https://twitter.com/TDonisan
| | - Dinu Valentin Balanescu
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA. https://twitter.com/dinubalanescu
| | - Nicolas Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juan Lopez-Mattei
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kaveh Karimzad
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peter Kim
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Konstantinos Charitakis
- Department of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mehmet Cilingiroglu
- Department of Cardiology, Arkansas Heart Hospital, 1701 South Shackleford Road, Little Rock, AR 72211, USA
| | | | - Cezar Iliescu
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street, Unit 1451, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Benincasa G, Mansueto G, Napoli C. Fluid-based assays and precision medicine of cardiovascular diseases: the ‘hope’ for Pandora’s box? J Clin Pathol 2019; 72:785-799. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2019-206178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Progresses in liquid-based assays may provide novel useful non-invasive indicators of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. By analysing circulating cells or their products in blood, saliva and urine samples, we can investigate molecular changes present at specific time points in each patient allowing sequential monitoring of disease evolution. For example, an increased number of circulating endothelial cells may be a diagnostic biomarker for diabetic nephropathy and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. The assessment of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels may be useful to predict severity of acute myocardial infarction, as well as diagnose heart graft rejection. Remarkably, circulating epigenetic biomarkers, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs are key pathogenic determinants of CV diseases representing putative useful biomarkers and drug targets. For example, the unmethylated FAM101A gene may specifically trace cfDNA derived from cardiomyocyte death providing a powerful diagnostic biomarker of apoptosis during ischaemia. Moreover, changes in plasma levels of circulating miR-92 may predict acute coronary syndrome onset in patients with diabetes. Now, network medicine provides a framework to analyse a huge amount of big data by describing a CV disease as a result of a chain of molecular perturbations rather than a single defect (reductionism). We outline advantages and challenges of liquid biopsy with respect to traditional tissue biopsy and summarise the main completed and ongoing clinical trials in CV diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the importance of combining fluid-based assays, big data and network medicine to improve precision medicine and personalised therapy in this field.
Collapse
|
17
|
Myofibrillolysis and fibrosis predicts myocardial insufficiency. POLISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 16:57-64. [PMID: 31410091 PMCID: PMC6690148 DOI: 10.5114/kitp.2019.86356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Cardiocyte myofibrillolysis and interstitial fibrosis belong to histopathological changes in cardiomyopathies, leading to heart failure. Aim To evaluate these changes in apical resection during left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. Material and methods The studied group consisted of 40 patients with cardiomyopathy, and apical samples excised during left ventricular assist device implantation were studied (CM/VAD group, mean: 48.1 ±10 y/o). A control group consisted of 6 apical samples from healthy heart graft donors (mean: 29 ±2.3 years old). Area fraction (AF) was calculated for: fibrosis, cardiocytes with myofibrillolysis (MFL), non-myofibrillolytic cardiocytes (non-MFL). Results Single lymphocytes were seen in 18 (45%) cases in the CM/VAD group. Cardiomyopathy grade evaluated semiquantitatively in CM/VAD was: slight (25% of a group), moderate (35.5%), advanced (35.5%). CM/VAD cases showed nearly ten times higher fibrosis than the control group. The MFL cells occupied nearly a five times larger area in CM/VAD than in the control group, whereas non-MFL cells were found in the control group, as a predominant pattern. The linear regression calculated between fibrosis AF and types of cardiocytes indicated the depletion of cardiomyocytes with fibrosis increase. The control group presented insignificant dependency between fibrosis and MFL cells, suggesting the lack of replacement fibrosis. Significant negative dependence between fibrosis and non-MFL cardiocytes suggested remodeling in controls. Correlation analysis showed a strong relation between depletion of normal cardiocytes and progression of fibrosis. Conclusions Progression of cardiomyopathy and fibrosis depends on the loss of cardiocytes rather than degeneration of these cells.
Collapse
|
18
|
Moxley RA, Smith DR, Grotelueschen DM, Edwards T, Steffen DJ. Investigation of congestive heart failure in beef cattle in a feedyard at a moderate altitude in western Nebraska. J Vet Diagn Invest 2019; 31:509-522. [PMID: 31170901 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719855108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Right-sided congestive heart failure (brisket disease) commonly occurs in cattle raised at elevations >2,500-3,500 m. We investigated clinical cases resembling brisket disease at a western Nebraska feedyard at a moderate altitude (1,369 m). Over a 15-mo period (2009-2010), we examined 17 cases (16 steers and 1 heifer), all purebred Angus. All animals had clinical right-sided heart failure: brisket and ventral abdominal edema, and severe chronic passive congestion of the liver. Gross examination confirmed right ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricle plus septum: right ventricle weight ratio mean: 1.33 vs. 2.8-4.0 reference interval). Microscopically, all 17 cases had interstitial fibrosis (mean score: 2.4 ± 0.8) and 6 had replacement fibrosis of the right ventricle, whereas 14 had interstitial fibrosis (mean score: 1.2 ± 0.2) and 0 had replacement fibrosis of the left ventricle. Lesions of arteriosclerosis were seen in 9 of 16 cases in 51 of 571 (8.9%) right ventricular coronary arteries, and in 10 of 16 cases in 52 of 366 (14.2%) left ventricular coronary arteries. The probability of coronary arteriosclerosis was greater in papillary ventricular muscle (OR = 11.3; p < 0.0001), left ventricle (OR = 4.8; p < 0.0001), and larger arteries (OR = 1.01; p < 0.0001). Pulmonary arteries and arterioles had lesions compatible with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. We hypothesize that moderate hypobaric conditions significantly contributed to disease in cattle genetically predisposed to hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Adiposity, coronary arteriosclerosis, and left ventricular fibrosis may have contributed to the condition; however, the cattle died prior to development of advanced obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Moxley
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE (Moxley, Steffen).,Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS (Smith).,Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Clay Center, NE (Grotelueschen).,Midwest Feedlot Services, Kearney, NE (Edwards)
| | - David R Smith
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE (Moxley, Steffen).,Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS (Smith).,Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Clay Center, NE (Grotelueschen).,Midwest Feedlot Services, Kearney, NE (Edwards)
| | - Dale M Grotelueschen
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE (Moxley, Steffen).,Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS (Smith).,Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Clay Center, NE (Grotelueschen).,Midwest Feedlot Services, Kearney, NE (Edwards)
| | - Tom Edwards
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE (Moxley, Steffen).,Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS (Smith).,Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Clay Center, NE (Grotelueschen).,Midwest Feedlot Services, Kearney, NE (Edwards)
| | - David J Steffen
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE (Moxley, Steffen).,Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS (Smith).,Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Clay Center, NE (Grotelueschen).,Midwest Feedlot Services, Kearney, NE (Edwards)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Noguchi K, Tomita H, Kanayama T, Niwa A, Hatano Y, Hoshi M, Sugie S, Okada H, Niwa M, Hara A. Time-course analysis of cardiac and serum galectin-3 in viral myocarditis after an encephalomyocarditis virus inoculation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210971. [PMID: 30673749 PMCID: PMC6343901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin which is important in cell proliferation and apoptotic regulation. Recently, serum galectin-3 has been shown to have prognostic value as a biomarker in heart failure. Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) can cause severe myocarditis, congestive heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy as well as encephalitis in various animals including mice. The pathophysiological role of galectin-3 in acute myocarditis following viral infection is not fully understood. The goal of this study is to determine the cardiac localization and the time-course of galectin-3 expression in heart failure after viral inoculation with EMCV. At 12, 24, 48, 96 hours, 7 and 10 days after intraperitoneal EMCV inoculation, animals were examined histologically and analyzed for the expression of galectin-3 and Iba1. Galectin-3 was up-regulated in degenerated fibrotic lesions of cardiac tissues 96 hours after viral inoculation and were followed by myocardial fibrosis. At the same time, Iba1 positive macrophages were observed within the inflammatory sites. A time-course correlation between the number of galectin-3 positive cells and the cardiac area of degenerated fibrotic lesions was detected—serum galectin-3 increased at 96 hours and correlated well with the number of cardiac galectin-3 positive cells. Our results indicate that galectin-3 expression may be a useful biomarker of cardiac fibrotic degeneration in acute myocarditis following viral infection. In addition, measuring serum galectin-3 levels might be an early diagnostic method for detecting cardiac degeneration in acute myocarditis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Noguchi
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kanayama
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ayumi Niwa
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hatano
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masato Hoshi
- Department of Biochemical and Analytical Sciences, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Sugie
- Department of Pathology, Asahi University Murakami Memorial Hospital, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideshi Okada
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masayuki Niwa
- Medical Science Division, United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Krafsur GM, Neary JM, Garry F, Holt T, Gould DH, Mason GL, Thomas MG, Enns RM, Tuder RM, Heaton MP, Brown RD, Stenmark KR. Cardiopulmonary remodeling in fattened beef cattle: a naturally occurring large animal model of obesity-associated pulmonary hypertension with left heart disease. Pulm Circ 2018; 9:2045894018796804. [PMID: 30124135 PMCID: PMC6333945 DOI: 10.1177/2045894018796804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic in developed societies has led to increased cardiovascular
diseases including pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease
(PH-LHD), the largest and fastest-growing class of PH. Similar to obese humans,
PH and heart failure (HF) are increasingly recognized in North American fattened
beef cattle. We hypothesized that PH and HF in fattened beef cattle are novel,
phenotypically distinct manifestations of bovine PH arising from left
ventricular (LV) dysfunction similar to obesity-related PH-LHD in humans. We
conducted a semi-quantitative histopathological assessment of cardiopulmonary
tissues obtained from fattened beef cattle suffering end-stage HF compared to
asymptomatic cattle of equivalent age undergoing the same fattening regimens. In
HF animals we observed significant LV fibrosis, abundant cardiac adipose depots,
coronary artery injury, and pulmonary venous remodeling recapitulating human
obesity-related PH-LHD. Additionally, striking muscularization, medial
hypertrophy, adventitial fibrosis, and vasa vasorum hyperplasia in the pulmonary
arterial circulation were associated with sequela of pathologic right
ventricular (RV) remodeling suggesting combined pulmonary venous and arterial
hypertension. The association between obesity, pathologic cardiopulmonary
remodeling, and HF in fattened beef cattle appears to recapitulate the complex
pathophysiology of obesity-associated PH-LHD in humans. This novel, naturally
occurring, and large animal model may provide mechanistic and translational
insights into human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Greta M Krafsur
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Medicine and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Labs, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.,2 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,3 Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joseph M Neary
- 4 Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Franklyn Garry
- 5 Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Timothy Holt
- 5 Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Daniel H Gould
- 2 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Gary L Mason
- 2 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Milton G Thomas
- 3 Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - R Mark Enns
- 3 Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Rubin M Tuder
- 6 Department of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Lung Program, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michael P Heaton
- 7 Genetics, Breeding and Animal Health, United States Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE, USA
| | - R Dale Brown
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Medicine and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Labs, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kurt R Stenmark
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Medicine and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Labs, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Jou
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Unitat patología Neuromuscular, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|