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Van HT, Luu TN, Pham TV, Tran MD, Tran TKN, Le VS, Nguyen QH, Le TT, Nguyen-Phi N. Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Curcuma thorelii. Chem Nat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-023-03947-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Simamora A, Timotius KH, Yerer MB, Setiawan H, Mun'im A. Xanthorrhizol, a potential anticancer agent, from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154359. [PMID: 35933899 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xanthorrhizol (XTZ), a bisabolene sesquiterpenoid, is abundantly found in the plant Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Traditionally, C. xanthorrhiza is widely used for the treatment of different health conditions, including common fever, infection, lack of appetite, fatigue, liver complaints, and gastrointestinal disorders. XTZ exhibits wide-ranging pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic activities, in addition to a protective effect on multiple organs. The present review provides detailed findings on the anticancer activities of XTZ and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. METHODS Literature was searched systematically in main databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, with keywords "tumor AND xanthorrhizol" or "cancer AND xanthorrhizol". RESULTS Studies show that XTZ has preventive and therapeutic activities against different types of cancer, including breast, cervical, colon, liver, lung, oral and esophageal, and skin cancers. XTZ regulates multiple signaling pathways that block carcinogenesis and proliferation. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that XTZ targets different kinases, inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis proteins, and transcription factors, leading to the suppression of angiogenesis, metastasis, and the activation of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSION The potential anticancer benefits of XTZ recommend further in vivo studies against different types of cancer. Further, XTZ needs to be confirmed for its toxicity, bioavailability, protective, antifatigue, and energy booster activities. Future studies for the therapeutic development of XTZ may be directed to cancer-related fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Simamora
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta 11510, Indonesia; National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia; Centre for Enzyme Research in Health and Diseases, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta 11510, Indonesia
| | - Kris Herawan Timotius
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta 11510, Indonesia; Centre for Enzyme Research in Health and Diseases, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta 11510, Indonesia
| | - Mukerrem Betul Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Erciyes, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Heri Setiawan
- National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Mun'im
- National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia; Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.
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Kiriacos CJ, Khedr MR, Tadros M, Youness RA. Prospective Medicinal Plants and Their Phytochemicals Shielding Autoimmune and Cancer Patients Against the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Special Focus on Matcha. Front Oncol 2022; 12:837408. [PMID: 35664773 PMCID: PMC9157490 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.837408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Being "positive" has been one of the most frustrating words anyone could hear since the end of 2019. This word had been overused globally due to the high infectious nature of SARS-CoV-2. All citizens are at risk of being infected with SARS-CoV-2, but a red warning sign has been directed towards cancer and immune-compromised patients in particular. These groups of patients are not only more prone to catch the virus but also more predisposed to its deadly consequences, something that urged the research community to seek other effective and safe solutions that could be used as a protective measurement for cancer and autoimmune patients during the pandemic. Aim The authors aimed to turn the spotlight on specific herbal remedies that showed potential anticancer activity, immuno-modulatory roles, and promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 actions. Methodology To attain the purpose of the review, the research was conducted at the States National Library of Medicine (PubMed). To search databases, the descriptors used were as follows: "COVID-19"/"SARS-CoV-2", "Herbal Drugs", "Autoimmune diseases", "Rheumatoid Arthritis", "Asthma", "Multiple Sclerosis", "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus" "Nutraceuticals", "Matcha", "EGCG", "Quercetin", "Cancer", and key molecular pathways. Results This manuscript reviewed most of the herbal drugs that showed a triple action concerning anticancer, immunomodulation, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities. Special attention was directed towards "matcha" as a novel potential protective and therapeutic agent for cancer and immunocompromised patients during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Conclusion This review sheds light on the pivotal role of "matcha" as a tri-acting herbal tea having a potent antitumorigenic effect, immunomodulatory role, and proven anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, thus providing a powerful shield for high-risk patients such as cancer and autoimmune patients during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Joseph Kiriacos
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Monika Rafik Khedr
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Miray Tadros
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rana A. Youness
- Molecular Genetics Research Team (MGRT), Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, Cairo, Egypt
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Indrayanti I, Hidayati T, Setyanto AB. The Potential of Centella asiatica Herb and Cyperus rotundus L. Rhizomes Extract as a Chemoprevention Agent for Lung Cancer. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.7605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The number of smokers is increasing in Indonesia. Cigarette smoke can cause many diseases, such as lung cancer. Centella asiatica (CAS) and Cyperus rotundus L. rhizomes (CRR) exhibit anti-cancer effects.
AIM: The study examined the cytotoxic effects of CRR and CAS extracts in lung cancer cells.
METHODOLOGY: This research used the maceration method to extract the CAS and CRR powder and methanol solvent. Extraction was tested at 600μl, 400μl, 200 μl, 100 μl, and 50 μl to determine the effect of compound cytotoxicity causing 50% cell death or IC50. Cytotoxicity tests used the MTT method to obtain purple formation crystals and used an ELISA reader to obtain absorbance values.
RESULTS: CRR and CAS extract shows a low cytotoxicity effect. IC50 of CRR and CAS methanol extracts was 235 μg/ml and 279 μg/ml, respectively.
CONCLUSION: CRR and CAS extracts were proven to show chemopreventive activities against lung cancer cells.
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Cai Y, Sheng Z, Wang J. Xanthorrhizol inhibits non-small cell carcinoma (A549) cell growth and promotes apoptosis through modulation of PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:120-130. [PMID: 34664399 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Xanthorrhizol (XNT) is a sesquiterpenoid agent isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza; It is known to exhibit various pharmacological activities including anti-cancer. We investigated the anti-cell proliferative and proapoptotic effects of XNT on Non-small cell carcinoma (A549) cells were analyzed by the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), oxidative DNA damage, and apoptosis morphological changes were explored by Hoechst and AO/EtBr staining. Our study demonstrated that XNT treatment significantly reduced the viability of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. We observed that XNT-induced oxidative stress-mediated apoptotic cell death by increasing intracellular ROS generation, depleting antioxidant levels, enhancing lipid peroxidation, increased apoptotic morphological changes, and % of DNA damage on human lung cancer cells. Furthermore, we observed that the XNT induce apoptosis through inhibits phosphorylation of PI3K, AKTand inhibit NF-κBp65 transcriptional signaling activity. In addition, XNT treatment alters the ΔΨm, thereby induces apoptosis was closely coordinated with the induction of pro-apoptotic markers Bax, Bad, caspase- 3, 9 and cytochrome c, and suppression of anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL) protein expression. According to our results, XNT-inducing apoptosis in A549 cells by causing oxidative damage and modulating apoptotic signaling events. Finally, XNT-induced apoptotic cell death was confirmed by the TUNEL assay. Therefore, XNT might be used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoying Sheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Kim M, Cho H, Ahn DG, Jung HG, Seo HY, Kim JS, Lee YJ, Choi JY, Park IH, Shin JS, Kim SJ, Oh JW. In Vitro Replication Inhibitory Activity of Xanthorrhizol against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111725. [PMID: 34829954 PMCID: PMC8615586 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the large number of repositioned drugs and direct-acting antivirals in clinical trials for the management of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there are few cost-effective therapeutic options for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SCoV2) infection. In this paper, we show that xanthorrhizol (XNT), a bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoid compound isolated from the Curcuma xanthorrhizza Roxb., a ginger-line plant of the family Zingiberaceae, displays a potent antiviral efficacy in vitro against SCoV2 and other related coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1 (SCoV1) and a common cold-causing human coronavirus. XNT reduced infectious SCoV2 titer by ~3-log10 at 20 μM and interfered with the replication of the SCoV1 subgenomic replicon, while it had no significant antiviral effects against hepatitis C virus and noroviruses. Further, XNT exerted similar antiviral functions against SCoV2 variants, such as a GH clade strain and a delta strain currently predominant worldwide. Neither SCoV2 entry into cells nor the enzymatic activity of viral RNA polymerase (Nsp12), RNA helicase (Nsp13), or the 3CL main protease (Nsp5) was inhibited by XNT. While its CoV replication inhibitory mechanism remains elusive, our results demonstrate that the traditional folk medicine XNT could be a promising antiviral candidate that inhibits a broad range of SCoV2 variants of concern and other related CoVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwoo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.K.); (H.C.); (D.-G.A.); (H.-G.J.); (H.Y.S.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Hee Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.K.); (H.C.); (D.-G.A.); (H.-G.J.); (H.Y.S.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Dae-Gyun Ahn
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.K.); (H.C.); (D.-G.A.); (H.-G.J.); (H.Y.S.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Hae-Gwang Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.K.); (H.C.); (D.-G.A.); (H.-G.J.); (H.Y.S.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Han Young Seo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.K.); (H.C.); (D.-G.A.); (H.-G.J.); (H.Y.S.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.K.); (H.C.); (D.-G.A.); (H.-G.J.); (H.Y.S.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Youn-Jung Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (J.Y.C.)
| | - In Ho Park
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (I.H.P.); (J.-S.S.)
| | - Jeon-Soo Shin
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (I.H.P.); (J.-S.S.)
- Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seong-Jun Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Jong-Won Oh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.K.); (H.C.); (D.-G.A.); (H.-G.J.); (H.Y.S.); (J.-S.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-2881; Fax: +82-2-362-7265
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Lee SK, Kim MJ, Son SH, Kim KR, Park KK, Chung WY. Xanthorrhizol Suppresses Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Angiogenesis by Modulating Akt/eNOS Signaling and the NF-[Formula: see text]B-Dependent Expression of Cell Adhesion Molecules. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:737-751. [PMID: 33683188 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in tumor growth and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-stimulated endothelial cell proliferation and migration are critical steps in tumor angiogenesis. Here, we investigated the anti-angiogenic activity of xanthorrhizol, a sesquiterpenoid isolated from the Indonesian medicinal plant Curcuma xanthorrhiza. Xanthorrhizol at noncytotoxic concentrations inhibited the proliferation, migration, and formation of capillary-like tubes in VEGF-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Xanthorrhizol inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and E-selectin in VEGF-treated HUVECs. The expression and transcriptional activity of NF-[Formula: see text]B were downregulated by xanthorrhizol in VEGF-treated HUVECs. Furthermore, xanthorrhizol significantly inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane of fertilized eggs and Matrigel plugs subcutaneously injected into mice. Xanthorrhizol inhibited tumor volume and tumor-derived angiogenesis in mice inoculated with breast cancer cells. The in vitro and in vivo anti-angiogenic activities of xanthorrhizol were as potent as those of curcumin, a well-known anticancer agent derived from C. longa. Taken together, xanthorrhizol inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis of endothelial cells by blocking the activation of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS axis and subsequent upregulation of adhesion molecules induced by the transcriptional activation of NF-[Formula: see text]B. Xanthorrhizol is a promising anti-angiogenic agent and can serve as a beneficial agent to enhance anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Oral Biology, Oral Cancer Research Institute and BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, Oral Cancer Research Institute and BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwa Son
- Department of Oral Biology, Oral Cancer Research Institute and BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Rim Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Biology, Oral Cancer Research Institute and BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Yoon Chung
- Department of Oral Biology, Oral Cancer Research Institute and BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.,Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Comprehensive computational target fishing approach to identify Xanthorrhizol putative targets. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1594. [PMID: 33452398 PMCID: PMC7810825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81026-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthorrhizol (XNT), is a bioactive compound found in Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. This study aimed to determine the potential targets of the XNT via computational target fishing method. This compound obeyed Lipinski's and Veber's rules where it has a molecular weight (MW) of 218.37 gmol-1, TPSA of 20.23, rotatable bonds (RBN) of 4, hydrogen acceptor and donor ability is 1 respectively. Besides, it also has half-life (HL) values 3.5 h, drug-likeness (DL) value of 0.07, oral bioavailability (OB) of 32.10, and blood-brain barrier permeability (BBB) value of 1.64 indicating its potential as therapeutic drug. Further, 20 potential targets were screened out through PharmMapper and DRAR-CPI servers. Co-expression results derived from GeneMANIA revealed that these targets made connection with a total of 40 genes and have 744 different links. Four genes which were RXRA, RBP4, HSD11B1 and AKR1C1 showed remarkable co-expression and predominantly involved in steroid metabolic process. Furthermore, among these 20 genes, 13 highly expressed genes associated with xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, chemical carcinogenesis and steroid metabolic pathways were identified through gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis. In conclusion, XNT is targeting multiple proteins and pathways which may be exploited to shape a network that exerts systematic pharmacological effects.
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Hackman GL, Collins M, Lu X, Lodi A, DiGiovanni J, Tiziani S. Predicting and Quantifying Antagonistic Effects of Natural Compounds Given with Chemotherapeutic Agents: Applications for High-Throughput Screening. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123714. [PMID: 33322034 PMCID: PMC7763027 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been used for centuries to treat various human ailments. In recent decades, multi-drug combinations that utilize natural products to synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects of cancer drugs have been identified and have shown success in improving treatment outcomes. While drug synergy research is a burgeoning field, there are disagreements on the definitions and mathematical parameters that prevent the standardization and proper usage of the terms synergy, antagonism, and additivity. This contributes to the relatively small amount of data on the antagonistic effects of natural products on cancer drugs that can diminish their therapeutic efficacy and prevent cancer regression. The ability of natural products to potentially degrade or reverse the molecular activity of cancer therapeutics represents an important but highly under-emphasized area of research that is often overlooked in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. This review aims to evaluate the body of work surrounding the antagonistic interactions between natural products and cancer therapeutics and highlight applications for high-throughput screening (HTS) and deep learning techniques for the identification of natural products that antagonize cancer drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Lavender Hackman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Meghan Collins
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Xiyuan Lu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - Alessia Lodi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (G.L.H.); (M.C.); (X.L.); (A.L.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA;
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, LiveSTRONG Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-512-495-4706
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Chan D, Meister ML, Madhani CR, Elfakhani M, Yount ST, Ji X, Feresin RG, Wanders D, Mo H. Synergistic Impact of Xanthorrhizol and d-δ-Tocotrienol on the Proliferation of Murine B16 Melanoma Cells and Human DU145 Prostate Carcinoma Cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1746-1757. [PMID: 32811212 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1807573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Isoprenoids suppress the mevalonate pathway that provides prenyl groups for the posttranslational modification of growth-regulating proteins. We hypothesize that xanthorrhizol and d-δ-tocotrienol synergistically suppress the growth of murine B16 melanoma and human DU145 prostate carcinoma cells. Xanthorrhizol (0-200 µmol/L; half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 65 µmol/L) and d-δ-tocotrienol (0-40 µmol/L; IC50 = 20 µmol/L) each induced a concentration-dependent suppression of the proliferation of B16 cells and concurrent cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. A blend of 16.25 µmol/L xanthorrhizol and 10 µmol/L d-δ-tocotrienol suppressed B16 cell proliferation by 69%, an impact greater than the sum of those induced by xanthorrhizol (15%) and d-δ-tocotrienol (12%) individually. The blend cumulatively reduced the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase four and cyclin D1, key regulators of cell cycle progression at the G1 phase. The expression of RAS and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in the proliferation-stimulating RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway was downregulated by the blend. Xanthorrhizol also induced a concentration-dependent suppression of the proliferation of DU145 cells with concomitant morphological changes. Isobologram confirmed the synergistic effect of xanthorrhizol and d-δ-tocotrienol on DU145 cell proliferation with combination index values ranging 0.61-0.94. Novel combinations of isoprenoids with synergistic actions may offer effective approaches in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Chan
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Maureen L Meister
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chappell R Madhani
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Manal Elfakhani
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sophie T Yount
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiangming Ji
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rafaela G Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Desiree Wanders
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Huanbiao Mo
- Department of Nutrition, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Proshkina E, Plyusnin S, Babak T, Lashmanova E, Maganova F, Koval L, Platonova E, Shaposhnikov M, Moskalev A. Terpenoids as Potential Geroprotectors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060529. [PMID: 32560451 PMCID: PMC7346221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Terpenes and terpenoids are the largest groups of plant secondary metabolites. However, unlike polyphenols, they are rarely associated with geroprotective properties. Here we evaluated the conformity of the biological effects of terpenoids with the criteria of geroprotectors, including primary criteria (lifespan-extending effects in model organisms, improvement of aging biomarkers, low toxicity, minimal adverse effects, improvement of the quality of life) and secondary criteria (evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of action, reproducibility of the effects on different models, prevention of age-associated diseases, increasing of stress-resistance). The number of substances that demonstrate the greatest compliance with both primary and secondary criteria of geroprotectors were found among different classes of terpenoids. Thus, terpenoids are an underestimated source of potential geroprotectors that can effectively influence the mechanisms of aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Sergey Plyusnin
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Tatyana Babak
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Ekaterina Lashmanova
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | | | - Liubov Koval
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Elena Platonova
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (E.P.); (S.P.); (T.B.); (E.L.); (L.K.); (E.P.); (M.S.)
- Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55 Oktyabrsky Prosp., 167001 Syktyvkar, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-8212-312-894
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5-(6-Hydroxy-6-methyl-5-oxoheptan-2-yl)-2-methyl Phenyl Acetate. MOLBANK 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/m1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesized a novel compound, 5-(6-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-oxoheptan-2-yl)-2-methylphenyl acetate, in a good yield by oxidation of 1-O-acetyl-xanthorrizol using potassium permanganate in acidic condition. The structure was elucidated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and 13C-NMR, two-dimensional (2D)-HSQC, Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT), 2D-Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Correlation (HMBC), and High-Resolution Mass Spectra (HRMS) spectral data.
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Xanthorrhizol contents, α-glucosidase inhibition, and cytotoxic activities in ethyl acetate fraction of Curcuma zanthorrhiza accessions from Indonesia. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Mbele M, Hull R, Dlamini Z. African medicinal plants and their derivatives: Current efforts towards potential anti-cancer drugs. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 103:121-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Sun W, Wang S, Zhao W, Wu C, Guo S, Gao H, Tao H, Lu J, Wang Y, Chen X. Chemical constituents and biological research on plants in the genus Curcuma. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 57:1451-1523. [PMID: 27229295 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1176554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Curcuma, a valuable genus in the family Zingiberaceae, includes approximately 110 species. These plants are native to Southeast Asia and are extensively cultivated in India, China, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, Peru, Australia, and the West Indies. The plants have long been used in folk medicine to treat stomach ailments, stimulate digestion, and protect the digestive organs, including the intestines, stomach, and liver. In recent years, substantial progress has been achieved in investigations regarding the chemical and pharmacological properties, as well as in clinical trials of certain Curcuma species. This review comprehensively summarizes the current knowledge on the chemistry and briefly discusses the biological activities of Curcuma species. A total of 720 compounds, including 102 diphenylalkanoids, 19 phenylpropene derivatives, 529 terpenoids, 15 flavonoids, 7 steroids, 3 alkaloids, and 44 compounds of other types isolated or identified from 32 species, have been phytochemically investigated. The biological activities of plant extracts and pure compounds are classified into 15 groups in detail, with emphasis on anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Sun
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Sheng Wang
- b State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Chuanhong Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Shuhui Guo
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Hongwei Gao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Hongxun Tao
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Jinjian Lu
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Yitao Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau , Macao , China
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Zhang A, He W, Shi H, Huang X, Ji G. Natural compound oblongifolin C inhibits autophagic flux, and induces apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:3179-83. [PMID: 27499017 PMCID: PMC5042744 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The compounds, which are obtained from natural plants or microbes may offer potential as one of the strategies for the management of cholangiocarcinoma. Oblongifolin C (OC), a natural small molecule compound extracted and purified from Garcinia yunnanensis Hu, can activate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in human cervical cancer cells. However, the direct effects of OC on cholangiocarcinoma cells are not well defined. The effect of OC on cell apoptosis and its underlying mechanisms were investigated in cultured QBC939 cells by the methyl thiazol tetrazolium assay, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP content and western blot analysis. The present study reported that the in vitro treatment of human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells with different concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40 µM) of OC decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose‑dependent manner. The results of the present study also showed that OC‑induced QBC939 cell apoptosis was mediated through the inhibition of autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction (MtD). Additionally, inhibiting autophagy increased OC‑induced apoptosis and MtD, whereas exposure to the autophagy inducer, rapmycin, attenuated these changes. Together, the results of the present study are the first, to the best of our knowledge, to identify OC as a chemotherapeutic agent against human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells in vitro via the regulation of autophagy and MtD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqing Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
| | - Guozhong Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210011, P.R. China
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Tang L, Zhu H, Yang X, Xie F, Peng J, Jiang D, Xie J, Qi M, Yu L. Shizukaol D, a Dimeric Sesquiterpene Isolated from Chloranthus serratus, Represses the Growth of Human Liver Cancer Cells by Modulating Wnt Signalling Pathway. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152012. [PMID: 27010735 PMCID: PMC4807009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have become sources of developing new drugs for the treatment of cancer. To seek candidate compounds that inhibit the growth of liver cancer, components of Chloranthus serratus were tested. Here, we report that shizukaol D, a dimeric sesquiterpene from Chloranthus serratus, exerted a growth inhibition effect on liver cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We demonstrated that shizukaol D induced cells to undergo apoptosis. More importantly, shizukaol D attenuated Wnt signalling and reduced the expression of endogenous Wnt target genes, which resulted in decreased expression of β-catenin. Collectively, this study demonstrated that shizukaol D inhibited the growth of liver cancer cells by modulating Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengrui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xianmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, 55905, United States of America
| | - Jingtao Peng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MQ); (JX); (DJ)
| | - Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (MQ); (JX); (DJ)
| | - Meiyan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- The Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (MQ); (JX); (DJ)
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Oon SF, Nallappan M, Tee TT, Shohaimi S, Kassim NK, Sa’ariwijaya MSF, Cheah YH. Xanthorrhizol: a review of its pharmacological activities and anticancer properties. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:100. [PMID: 26500452 PMCID: PMC4618344 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthorrhizol (XNT) is a bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoid compound extracted from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. It has been well established to possess a variety of biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antihypertensive, antiplatelet, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects. Since many synthetic drugs possess toxic side effects and are unable to support the increasing prevalence of disease, there is significant interest in developing natural product as new therapeutics. XNT is a very potent natural bioactive compound that could fulfil the current need for new drug discovery. Despite its importance, a comprehensive review of XNT's pharmacological activities has not been published in the scientific literature to date. Here, the present review aims to summarize the available information in this area, focus on its anticancer properties and indicate the current status of the research. This helps to facilitate the understanding of XNT's pharmacological role in drug discovery, thus suggesting areas where further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Fang Oon
- />Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Meenakshii Nallappan
- />Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Thiam Tsui Tee
- />ZACH Biotech Depot Sdn. Bhd., 43300 Cheras, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Shamarina Shohaimi
- />Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Nur Kartinee Kassim
- />Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia-UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shazrul Fazry Sa’ariwijaya
- />Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia-UKM, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Yew Hoong Cheah
- />ZACH Biotech Depot Sdn. Bhd., 43300 Cheras, Selangor Malaysia
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Ramachandran C, Quirin KW, Escalon EA, Lollett IV, Melnick SJ. Therapeutic Effect of Supercritical CO2 Extracts of Curcuma Species with Cancer Drugs in Rhabdomyosarcoma Cell Lines. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1152-60. [PMID: 25939344 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic effect of supercritical CO2 extracts of Curcuma species with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs was investigated in human alveolar (SJRH30) and embryonal (RD) rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. The Curcuma amada (mango ginger) (CA) extract showed the highest levels of cytotoxicity with inhibitory concentration IC50 values of 7.133 µg/ml and 7.501 µg/ml for SJRH30 and RD cell lines, respectively, as compared with Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Curcuma xanthorrhiza (Javanese turmeric) extracts. CA showed synergistic cytotoxic effects with vinblastine (VBL) and cyclophosphamide (CP) as indicated by the combination index values of <1 for VBL + CA, CP + CA, and VBL + CP + CA combinations in both embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas. When lower doses of CA (0.1-0.2 µg/ml) were combined with cancer drugs like CP and VBL, caspase-3 activity increased significantly compared with individual agents and correlated with the percentage of apoptotic cells. CA in combination with VBL and CP induced a higher percentage of apoptosis than single agents in both cell lines. CA also modulated the expression of genes associated with intrinsic pathway of apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, Bak, and p53) and also inhibited the expression of genes associated with inflammation such as COX-2 and NF-κB. Xenograft studies with SJRH30 tumors in nude mice showed that CA treatment inhibited tumor growth rate with and without VBL and increased the survival rate significantly. These results suggest that CA can be evaluated further as an adjuvant with cancer drugs for the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma patients. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheppail Ramachandran
- Department of Pathology, Miami Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, 33155, USA.,Dharma Biomedical LLC, Miami, FL, 33156, USA
| | | | - Enrique A Escalon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Miami Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, 33155, USA
| | | | - Steven J Melnick
- Department of Pathology, Miami Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, 33155, USA.,Dharma Biomedical LLC, Miami, FL, 33156, USA
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Yang MH, Kim J, Khan IA, Walker LA, Khan SI. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug activated gene-1 (NAG-1) modulators from natural products as anti-cancer agents. Life Sci 2014; 100:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Salea R, Widjojokusumo E, Veriansyah B, Tjandrawinata RR. Optimizing oil and xanthorrhizol extraction from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. rhizome by supercritical carbon dioxide. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2014; 51:2197-203. [PMID: 25190883 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-014-1272-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oil and xanthorrhizol extraction from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. rhizome by supercritical carbon dioxide was optimized using Taguchi method. The factors considered were pressure, temperature, carbon dioxide flowrate and time at levels ranging between 10-25 MPa, 35-60 °C, 10-25 g/min and 60-240 min respectively. The highest oil yield (8.0 %) was achieved at factor combination of 15 MPa, 50 °C, 20 g/min and 180 min whereas the highest xanthorrhizol content (128.3 mg/g oil) in Curcuma xanthorrhiza oil was achieved at a factor combination of 25 MPa, 50 °C, 15 g/min and 60 min. Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane and percolation with ethanol gave oil yield of 5.88 %, 11.73 % and xanthorrhizol content of 42.6 mg/g oil, 75.5 mg/g oil, respectively. The experimental oil yield and xanthorrhizol content at optimum conditions agreed favourably with values predicted by computational process. The xanthorrizol content extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide was higher than extracted using Soxhlet extraction and percolation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldi Salea
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Advanced Technology Development, PT. Dexa Medica, Industri Selatan V, Block PP no. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang, West Java 17550 Indonesia
| | - Edward Widjojokusumo
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Advanced Technology Development, PT. Dexa Medica, Industri Selatan V, Block PP no. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang, West Java 17550 Indonesia
| | - Bambang Veriansyah
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Advanced Technology Development, PT. Dexa Medica, Industri Selatan V, Block PP no. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang, West Java 17550 Indonesia
| | - Raymond R Tjandrawinata
- Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Advanced Technology Development, PT. Dexa Medica, Industri Selatan V, Block PP no. 7, Jababeka Industrial Estate II, Cikarang, West Java 17550 Indonesia
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Cho SY, Lee HJ, Cho SM, Kim B, Jung YK, Kim SH. Particled Mica, STB-HO has chemopreventive potential via G1 arrest, and inhibition of proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in HCT colorectal cancer cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2013; 13:189. [PMID: 23883349 PMCID: PMC3765551 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Though Mica, a thin and sheet like mineral, has been used as a mineral medicine for treatment of bleeding, dysentery and inflammation in traditional medicine including Ayurveda, the biological evidences of Mica were not clearly elucidated so far. Thus, in the present study, the antitumor mechanism of particled Mica (STB-HO) was examined in colorectal cancers. Methods Athymic nude mice were inoculated with HCT116 colon cancer cells and orally administered STB-HO daily for 41 days, and HCT116 and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with STB-HO for 0 ~ 24 hours to perform immunoblotting, cytotoxicity assay, FACs analysis and measurement of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) secretion and other experiments. Significant differences of all date were evaluated using Student’s t-test and a Turkey-Kramer multiple-comparison post test. Results STB-HO significantly suppressed the tumor volume and weight in athymic nude mice inoculated with HCT116 cells at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Thus, the in vivo antitumor mechanism of STB-HO was to elucidated in vitro as well. STB-HO exerted cytotoxicity in HCT116, SW620 and HCT15 colorectal cancer cells. Also, STB-HO increased G1 cell population in a time and concentration dependent manner, enhanced the expression of p21, p27, p53 as cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors, attenuated the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 and also reduced the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in HCT116 cells. Consistently, STB-HO suppressed the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 in HCT116, SW620 and HCT15 cells. Also, STB-HO inhibited the VEGF mediated proliferation and also attenuated the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and Akt in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Conclusions Collectively, these findings suggest that STB-HO has chemopreventive potential via G1 arrest and inhibition of proliferation and VEGFR2 in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells.
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Pinto MCX, Cota BB, Rodrigues MA, Leite MF, de Souza-Fagundes EM. The Cytotoxic and Proapoptotic Activities of Hypnophilin are Associated with Calcium Signaling in UACC-62 Cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2013; 27:479-85. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro C. X. Pinto
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Betania B. Cota
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais; Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Michele A. Rodrigues
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Maria F. Leite
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Minas Gerais Brazil
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Afzal A, Oriqat G, Akram Khan M, Jose J, Afzal M. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Terpenoids fromCurcumaand Related Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22311866.2013.782757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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He W, Wang B, Zhuang Y, Shao D, Sun K, Chen J. Berberine inhibits growth and induces G1 arrest and apoptosis in human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2012; 119:341-8. [PMID: 22850597 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.12052fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemotherapeutic approach using non-toxic natural products may be one of the strategies for the management of the cholangiocarcinoma. Here we report that in vitro treatment of human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells with berberine, a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid, decreased cell viability and induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner, which was associated with an increase in G1 arrest. Our western blot analysis showed that berberine-induced G1 cell cycle arrest was mediated through the increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (Cdki) proteins (Cip1/p21 and Kip1/p27); a simultaneous decrease in Cdk2 and Cdk4 and cyclins D1, and reduced activity of the Cyclins-Cdk complex. In additional studies, treatment of QBC939 cells with different concentrations (10, 40, 80 μM) of berberine for 48 h resulted in a significant dose-dependent increase in apoptosis compared to the non-berberine-treated control, which was associated with an increased expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and decreased expression of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. Together, this study for the first time identified berberine as a chemotherapeutic agent against human cholangiocarcinoma cells QBC939 cells in vitro. Further in vivo studies are required to determine whether berberine could be an effective chemotherapeutic agent for the management of cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, PR China
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Jendželovský R, Koval J, Mikeš J, Papčová Z, Plšíková J, Fedoročko P. Inhibition of GSK-3β reverses the pro-apoptotic effect of proadifen (SKF-525A) in HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2012; 26:775-82. [PMID: 22683934 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Proadifen (SKF-525A) is a well-known inhibitor of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Besides the prevention of drug metabolism it affects the proliferation of cancer cells, although the mechanisms of possible anti-cancer activity of proadifen have not been fully understood yet. The aim of this study therefore was to evaluate the potential anti-proliferative effect of proadifen on HT-29 colon cancer cells. Our results show that proadifen inhibited the growth of HT-29 cells by the accumulation of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, reduction of metabolic activity and colony formation and by the induction of apoptosis. Analyses of Western blots and flow cytometry revealed time- and dose-dependent phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage. Intense upregulation of NAG-1 and ATF3 and downregulation of Mcl-1 and Egr-1 were also observed. Further investigation showed that NAG-1 gene silencing by siRNA had no effect on the pro-apoptotic action of proadifen. In contrast, we found that AR-A014418, the specific inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK-3β), significantly decreased proadifen-induced apoptosis. Inactivation of GSK-3β (phosphorylation at serine 9) resulted in changes in phosphatidylserine externalization and caspase-3 activation. These data suggest that GSK-3β is an important factor in the induction of apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cells treated with proadifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rastislav Jendželovský
- Institute of Biology and Ecology, Department of Cellular Biology, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia
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Kim JY, An JM, Chung WY, Park KK, Hwang JK, Kim DS, Seo SR, Seo JT. Xanthorrhizol Induces Apoptosis Through ROS-Mediated MAPK Activation in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells and Inhibits DMBA-Induced Oral Carcinogenesis in Hamsters. Phytother Res 2012; 27:493-8. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeon Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
| | - Jeong Mi An
- Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
| | - Won-Yoon Chung
- Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
- Oral Cancer Research Institute; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
| | - Kwang-Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
- Oral Cancer Research Institute; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioproducts Research Center; Yonsei University; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Du Sik Kim
- Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
| | - Su Ryeon Seo
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, School of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon Korea
| | - Jeong Taeg Seo
- Department of Oral Biology, Brain Korea 21 Project; Yonsei University College of Dentistry; Seoul Korea
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Tee TT, Cheah YH, Meenakshii N, Mohd Sharom MY, Azimahtol Hawariah LP. Xanthorrhizol induced DNA fragmentation in HepG2 cells involving Bcl-2 family proteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 420:834-8. [PMID: 22465013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Xanthorrhizol is a plant-derived pharmacologically active sesquiterpenoid compound isolated from Curcuma xanthorrhiza. Previously, we have reported that xanthorrhizol inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 human hepatoma cells by inducing apoptotic cell death via caspase activation. Here, we attempt to further elucidate the mode of action of xanthorrhizol. Apoptosis in xanthorrhizol-treated HepG2 cells as observed by scanning electron microscopy was accompanied by truncation of BID; reduction of both anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) expression; cleavage of PARP and DFF45/ICAD proteins and DNA fragmentation. Taken together, these results suggest xanthorrhizol as a potent antiproliferative agent on HepG2 cells by inducing apoptosis via Bcl-2 family members. Hence we proposed that xanthorrhizol could be used as an anti-liver cancer drug for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiam-Tsui Tee
- School of Biosciences & Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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