1
|
Hamada T, Watanabe Y, Iida K, Sano N, Amano N. Microminipig: A suitable animal model to estimate oral absorption of sustained-release formulation in humans. Int J Pharm 2020; 584:119457. [PMID: 32464228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the gastrointestinal absorption characteristics of oral sustained-release formulations in microminipigs, dogs, and monkeys in order to clarify the similarities in absorption properties between these animals and humans. Time profiles of oral absorption of nifedipine and valproic acid were calculated from the plasma concentration-time profiles of the drugs by a deconvolution method. The curves for both drugs in microminipigs were close to or slightly higher than those in humans, whereas those in monkeys were lower. Furthermore, the plasma concentration-time profiles of the drugs were subjected to non-compartmental analysis. The fractions of a dose absorbed into the portal vein (FaFg) in microminipigs ranged from 50 to 100% of the human values, whereas those in monkeys were less than half the human values. In addition, the other absorption-related parameters for the sustained-release formulation in microminipigs, as well as monkeys, were comparable to those in humans. In conclusion, the oral absorption properties of microminipigs and humans were similar regarding the sustained-release formulations. Therefore, microminipig is a suitable animal model to estimate the oral absorption of sustained-release formulations in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teruki Hamada
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Watanabe
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Koichi Iida
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Noriyasu Sano
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Amano
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun C, Jiao T, Merkus D, Duncker DJ, Mustafa SJ, Zhou Z. Activation of adenosine A 2A but not A 2B receptors is involved in uridine adenosine tetraphosphate-induced porcine coronary smooth muscle relaxation. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 141:64-69. [PMID: 31640919 PMCID: PMC7418061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of both adenosine A2A and A2B receptors (A2BR) contributes to coronary vasodilation. We previously demonstrated that uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) is a novel vasodilator in the porcine coronary microcirculation, acting mainly on A2AR in smooth muscle cells (SMC). We further investigated whether activation of A2BR is involved in Up4A-mediated coronary SMC relaxation. Both A2AR and A2BR may stimulate H2O2 production leading to activation of KATP channels in SMCs, we also studied the involvement of H2O2 and KATP channels in Up4A-mediated effect. Coronary small arteries dissected from the apex of porcine hearts were mounted on wire myograph for Up4A concentration responses. Up4A-induced coronary SMC relaxation was attenuated by A2AR but not A2BR antagonism or non-selective P2R antagonism, despite greater endogenous A2BR expression vs. A2AR in both coronary small arteries and primary cultured coronary SMCs. Moreover, Up4A-induced coronary SMC relaxation was blunted by H2O2 catabolism. This effect was not altered by KATP channel blockade. Combination of H2O2 catabolism and A2AR antagonism attenuated Up4A-induced coronary SMC relaxation to the similar extent as A2AR antagonism alone. Collectively, Up4A-induced porcine coronary SMC relaxation is mediated by activation of A2AR-H2O2 pathway. This process does not involve A2BR, P2R or KATP channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Tong Jiao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daphne Merkus
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hostpital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Jamal Mustafa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kangawa A, Nishimura T, Nishimura T, Otake M, Enya S, Yoshida T, Shibata M. Spontaneous Age-Related Histopathological Changes in Microminipigs. Toxicol Pathol 2019; 47:817-832. [PMID: 31337280 DOI: 10.1177/0192623319861350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microminipigs have become an attractive animal model for toxicology and pharmacology studies and for human disease models, owing to their manageable size. Although there are numerous reports of spontaneous age-related lesions in mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys, those in minipigs are scarce. In the present study, spontaneous age-related histopathological changes were investigated using 37 microminipigs (20 males and 17 females) that were 6 months to 10 years of age. Abnormal deposits of materials were evident in several animals from 6 years of age, and these deposits included amyloid in the renal medulla, thyroid gland, and adrenal gland, hyaline droplets in glomeruli, and fibrillar inclusions in neurons. Arterial sclerosing changes (intimal thickening, intimal proliferation, and medial mineralization) and proliferative lesions (hyperplasia of hepatocytes, follicular cells, Leydig cells, and uterine endometrial glands) were present at 4 years of age and beyond. Renal adenoma, uterine leiomyoma, and Leydig cell tumor were observed in several microminipigs. Moreover, glomerulosclerosis, renal interstitial fibrosis, thymic involution, and adrenocortical cell vacuolation were common in aging microminipigs. Since knowledge of age-related changes is helpful for pathologists, the basic information obtained in this study will be a useful reference for all future toxicity evaluations in microminipigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Kangawa
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | | | - Masayoshi Otake
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Enya
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Shibata
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kangawa A, Otake M, Enya S, Yoshida T, Kangawa Y, Shibata M. Spermatogenesis in the Microminipig. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 44:974-86. [DOI: 10.1177/0192623316654586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The microminipig has considerable potential as an animal model to evaluate general toxicity; however, there are few studies on the male reproductive system, particularly regarding spermatogenesis. The objectives of the present study were to clarify the stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle on the basis of spermiogenesis and to determine the duration of spermatogenesis in the microminipig. Eleven microminipigs from 6 to 9 months of age were used for histological analyses. Spermiogenesis and stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle were classified according to the degree of acrosomal development as shown by the periodic acid-Schiff reaction. Three of the animals were intravenously injected with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine to determine the duration of spermatogenesis by immunohistochemistry. Spermiogenesis was classified into 15 steps according to the morphological development of the acrosome, nucleus, and flagellum. The seminiferous epithelium cycle was classified into 11 stages based on the steps of spermatid development and germ cell associations. The length of the seminiferous epithelium cycle and the overall spermatogenesis process in the microminipig were estimated to be approximately 9.1 and 40.9 days, respectively. The results indicate the potential application of the microminipig in the evaluation of testicular toxicity, such as spermatogenesis disruption, in general toxicity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihisa Kangawa
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Otake
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoko Enya
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshinori Yoshida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Kangawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Shibata
- Swine and Poultry Department, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Animal Industry, Swine and Poultry Research Center, Kikugawa, Shizuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Percutaneous carbon dioxide mist treatment has protective effects in experimental myocardial infarction. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 127:474-80. [PMID: 25906762 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous treatment with carbon dioxide (CO2) mist, CO2 gas dissolved in water, contributes to improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we investigated the effects of repeated pretreatment with CO2 mist on cardiac dysfunction after MI. The CO2 mist was generated by a dry mist production unit. The whole body of rats below the axilla was wrapped in a polyethylene bag, which was sealed and filled with the CO2 mist in the draft cabinet for 30 min daily for 7 days. MI was induced by ligation of the coronary artery in untreated (UT), CO2 gas-pretreated (CG), and CO2 mist-pretreated (CM) rats. The infarct size and the increase in oxidative stress due to MI were significantly smaller in the CM rats than in the UT rats. Furthermore, the expression of inflammation-related genes, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and fibrosis-related genes, such as transforming growth factor-β1, was significantly suppressed in the CM rats. The CM rats had a better left ventricular ejection fraction than the UT rats 7 days after MI. These parameters in the CG rats were the same as in the UT group. Thus, CO2 mist preparative treatment may be potentially useful for the reduction of MI.
Collapse
|