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Wang Y, Jiang ZH, Zhou YW, Qiu TT, Wang H, Zhu MS, Chen X, Zhang XN. Gallbladder dysfunction caused by MYPT1 ablation triggers cholestasis-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0473. [PMID: 38934703 PMCID: PMC11213606 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of gallbladder diseases is as high as 20%, but whether gallbladder diseases contribute to hepatic disorders remains unknown. METHODS Here, we established an animal model of gallbladder dysfunction and assessed the role of a diseased gallbladder in cholestasis-induced hepatic fibrosis (CIHF). RESULTS Mice with smooth muscle-specific deletion of Mypt1, the gene encoding the main regulatory subunit of myosin light chain phosphatase (myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 [MYPT1]), had apparent dysfunction of gallbladder motility. This dysfunction was evidenced by abnormal contractile responses, namely, inhibited cholecystokinin 8-mediated contraction and nitric oxide-resistant relaxation. As a consequence, the gallbladder displayed impaired bile filling and biliary tract dilation comparable to the alterations in CIHF. Interestingly, the mutant animals also displayed CIHF features, including necrotic loci by the age of 1 month and subsequently exhibited progressive fibrosis and hyperplastic/dilated bile ducts. This pathological progression was similar to the phenotypes of the animal model with bile duct ligation and patients with CIHF. The characteristic biomarker of CIHF, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, was also elevated in the mice. Moreover, we observed that the myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 protein level was able to be regulated by several reagents, including lipopolysaccharide, exemplifying the risk factors for gallbladder dysfunction and hence CIHF. CONCLUSIONS We propose that gallbladder dysfunction caused by myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 ablation is sufficient to induce CIHF in mice, resulting in impairment of the bile transport system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Wei Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian-Tian Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min-Sheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue-Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jinling Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
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Zhao J, Yu Y, Luo M, Li L, Rong P. Bi-directional regulation of acupuncture on extrahepatic biliary system: An approach in guinea pigs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14066. [PMID: 29070912 PMCID: PMC5656652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, acupuncture affects the motility of the extrahepatic biliary tract, but the underlining mechanisms are still unknown. We applied manual acupuncture (MA) and electrical acupuncture (EA) separately at acupoints Tianshu (ST25), Qimen (LR14), Yanglingquan (GB34), and Yidan (CO11) in forty guinea pigs (4 groups) with or without atropinization under anesthesia while Sphincter of Oddi (SO) myoelectric activities and gallbladder pressure were monitored. In both MA and EA groups, stimulation at ST25 or LR14 significantly increased the frequency and amplitude of SO myoelectrical activities and simultaneously decreased the gallbladder pressure as compared to the pre-MA and pre-EA (P < 0.05). On the contrary, stimulation at GB34 or CO11 significantly decreased SO myoelectricity and increased the gallbladder pressure (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with atropine could abolish the effect of stimulation at acupoints ST25, GB34 and LR14 (P > 0.05), although significant myoelectricity increases were still inducible with MA or EA stimulation at CO11 (P < 0.05). In summary, acupuncture has bi-directional effects to gallbladder pressure and SO function, which probably due to autonomic reflex and somatovisceral interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjun Zhao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yutian Yu
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Rudolf Boehm Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Universität Leipzig, Härtelstrasse 16-18, 04107, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Man Luo
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peijing Rong
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Li F, Zhang XW, Li KW, Ding J, Wang GY. Effects of cholecystectomy on the changes of motility of Beagle dogs' sphincter of Oddi. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 29:237-44. [PMID: 24760024 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014000400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To observe the effect of cholecystectomy on the changes of motion pattern of Beagle dogs' sphincter of Oddi (SO), and investigate the modulatory role of nitric oxide (NO) and cholecystokinin (CCK) in the regulation of SO. METHODS Pressure of common bile duct, SO motility, response to bolus injections of cholecystokinin (CCK, 20 ng/kg and 100 ng/kg), basal pressure (BP) and phasic contraction amplitude (PCA) were measured respectively by manometry in six Beagle dogs before and after cholecystectomy. RESULTS After cholecystectomy, the pressure and diameter of common bile ducts (CBD) was significantly increased (p<0.01); BP and phasic contraction frequency (PCF) were also increased, however, no significant differences were found between the two groups; the SO motilities was not significantly changed. The relaxation responded to physiological dose of CCK (20ng/kg) was decreased, while bolus-dose of CCK (100ng/kg) induced rapid contractions and decreased PCA after cholecystectomy. The regulation pattern of SO pressure modulated by NO and its inhibitor had changed after cholecystectomy. CONCLUSION After cholecystectomy in Beagle dogs, no obviously change of motion pattern of SO was observed through self-compensation, but these compensations may lead to some changes of regulation pattern of CCK and NO on SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Li
- Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Xi-wen Zhang
- Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Ke-wei Li
- Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
| | - Gui-yang Wang
- Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China
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Liu Y, Zhang HY. Mechanisms underlying the roles of nervous and humoral factors in the pathogenesis of gallstones. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:2673-2678. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i25.2673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallstone disease is a common disorder with an incidence rate of about 10%. Recent research has revealed that nervous and humoral factors are involved in the pathogenesis of gallstone disease. This article focuses on the mechanisms underlying the roles of parasympathetic nerve, sympathetic nerve, non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerve, cholecystokinin, gastrin, bombesin, gastrin-releasing peptide, motilin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, substance P, secretin, neurotensin, opioid peptide, nitric oxide, estrogen, thyroxine, and leptin in the pathogenesis of gallstones.
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Li C, Qian W, Hou X. Effect of four medications associated with gastrointestinal motility on Oddi sphincter in the rabbit. Pancreatology 2009; 9:615-20. [PMID: 19657216 DOI: 10.1159/000212095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Modulatory drugs of gastrointestinal (GI) motility are a possibility for use to relieve the main clinical presentation of sphincter of Oddi (SO) dysfunctions which are not easily distinguished from those occurring in high prevalence functional GI disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GI motility modulators including pinaverium, domperidone, trimebutine, and tegaserod on the contractile activity of SO stimulated by carbachol in the rabbit. METHODS The contraction responses precontracted by carbachol (0.1 microM) of in vitro rabbit SO rings were evaluated before and after the addition of a series concentration (10(-13) to 10(-3)M) of pinaverium, domperidone, trimebutine, and tegaserod. RESULTS Pinaverium induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of isolated SO rings (10(-13) vs. 10(-7) vs. 10(-3)M = 16.6 +/- 4.8 vs. 47.1 +/- 5.5 vs. 81.2 +/- 6.2%, p < 0.001 by ANOVA) precontracted with carbachol (0.1 microM). Tegaserod did not significantly effect (10(-13) vs. 10(-7) vs. 10(-3)M = 2.3 +/- 2.2 vs. 6.7+/- 2.1 vs. 10.1 +/- 2.3%, p > 0.05 by ANOVA) SO motility, but domperidone seemed to stimulate SO contractions (10(-12) vs. 10(-7) vs. 10(-3)M = -2.2 +/- 1.5 vs. -13.9 +/- 2.0 vs. -21.0 +/- 2.7%, p < 0.05 by ANOVA). At low doses (10(-13) to 10(-7)M), trimebutine stimulated SO contraction (-8.7 +/- 1.4 vs. -9.3 +/- 2.0%); however, high doses (10(-6) to 10(-3)M) of trimebutine inhibited SO motility (-5.9 +/- 1.7 vs. 14.5 +/- 2.0%, p < 0.05 by ANOVA). CONCLUSION Pinaverium totally inhibits contractions induced by carbachol and tegaserod has no effect on carbachol-induced contractions. Domperidone stimulates contractions induced by carbachol. Trimebutine could either stimulate or inhibit SO contractions depending on its dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
The control of sphincter of Oddi (SO) motor activity is complex and involves interactions between the SO smooth muscle with nerves, bioactive agents, and presumably interstitial cells of Cajal. Disturbances in SO motility are known to be related to painful clinical conditions, such as SO dysfunction and acute pancreatitis. Understanding normal SO motility and comparing this to disturbed SO motility patterns may identify mechanisms that could be targeted for future pharmacologic intervention. The effect on SO motility of recently identified neurotransmitters/neuropeptides, such as purines and orexins, is currently being determined. Furthermore, because the control of SO motility is complex, investigations with known bioactive agents, such as cholecystokinin and nitric oxide, are continuing. This review summarizes research investigating SO motility and function performed in 2005 and 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine M Woods
- Pancreatobiliary Research Group, Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Flinders University, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
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