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Rifaximin Improves Spatial Learning and Memory Impairment in Rats with Liver Damage-Associated Neuroinflammation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061263. [PMID: 35740285 PMCID: PMC9219896 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may show mild cognitive impairment. Neuroinflammation in the hippocampus mediates cognitive impairment in rat models of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Treatment with rifaximin reverses cognitive impairment in a large proportion of cirrhotic patients with MHE. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aims of this work were to assess if rats with mild liver damage, as a model of NAFLD, show neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and impaired cognitive function, if treatment with rifaximin reverses it, and to study the underlying mechanisms. Mild liver damage was induced with carbon-tetrachloride. Infiltration of immune cells, glial activation, and cytokine expression, as well as glutamate receptors expression in the hippocampus and cognitive function were assessed. We assessed the effects of daily treatment with rifaximin on the alterations showed by these rats. Rats with mild liver damage showed hippocampal neuroinflammation, reduced membrane expression of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, and impaired spatial memory. Increased C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2), infiltration of monocytes, microglia activation, and increased tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were reversed by rifaximin, that normalized NMDA receptor expression and improved spatial memory. Thus, rifaximin reduces neuroinflammation and improves cognitive function in rats with mild liver damage, being a promising therapy for patients with NAFLD showing mild cognitive impairment.
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Fathalizade F, Baghani M, Khakpai F, Fazli-Tabaei S, Zarrindast MR. GABA-ergic agents modulated the effects of histamine on male mice behavior in the elevated plus-maze. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:233-242. [PMID: 35137999 DOI: 10.1113/ep090060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the main question of this study? Is there an interaction between histamine and GABAergic system on modulation of anxiety in mice? What is the main finding and its importance? There is a synergistic anxiogenic effect between histamine and bicuculline in mice. This effect may be due to a direct or indirect effect of the histaminergic system on the GABAergic system. ABSTRACT There are documents that both histaminergic and GABAergic systems are participated in the neurobiology of anxiety behavior. In the current research, we investigated the effects of the histaminergic system and GABAA receptor agents on anxiety-related behaviors and their interaction using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test in mice. Intraperitoneally (i.p.) administration of muscimol (0.12 and 0.25 mg/kg) increased the open arm time (OAT) (p < 0.001) without affecting the open arm entries (OAE) and locomotor activity, showing an anxiolytic effect. I.p. injection of bicuculline (0.5 and 1 mg/kg) decreased OAT (p < 0.001) but not OAE and locomotor activity, suggesting an anxiogenic behavior. Intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) microinjection of histamine (2.5 and 5 μg/mouse) declined OAT (p < 0.001) but not OAE and locomotor activity, indicating an anxiogenic response. Co-administration of histamine with GABAergic agents, muscimol (0.06 mg/kg; i.p.) and bicuculline (0.25 mg/kg; i.p.), decreased (p < 0.001) and increased (p < 0.05) the anxiogenic-like response of the effective dose (5 μg/mouse; i.c.v.) of histamine, respectively. In addition, co-treatment of effective doses of histamine (2.5 and 5 μg/mouse;i.c.v.) along with an effective dose of muscimol (0.12 mg/kg;i.p.) and not-effective dose of bicuculline (0.25 mg/kg; i.p.) significantly decreased OAT (p < 0.001), suggesting a likely interaction between the histaminergic and GABAergic systems on the regulation of anxiety. The results demonstrated a synergistic anxiogenic-like effect between histamine and bicuculline in mice. In conclusion, our results presented an interaction between the histaminergic and GABAergic systems on anxiolytic/anxiogenic-like behaviors in the EPM test. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Fathalizade
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Baghani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Fazli-Tabaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zlomuzica A, Dere D, Binder S, De Souza Silva MA, Huston JP, Dere E. Neuronal histamine and cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2015; 106:135-45. [PMID: 26025658 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extracellular amyloid plaque deposits, mainly composed of amyloid-beta peptide and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles consisting of aggregated hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Amyloid-beta represents a neurotoxic proteolytic cleavage product of amyloid precursor protein. The progressive cognitive decline that is associated with Alzheimer's disease has been mainly attributed to a deficit in cholinergic neurotransmission due to the continuous degeneration of cholinergic neurons e.g. in the basal forebrain. There is evidence suggesting that other neurotransmitter systems including neuronal histamine also contribute to the development and maintenance of Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive deficits. Pathological changes in the neuronal histaminergic system of such patients are highly predictive of ensuing cognitive deficits. Furthermore, histamine-related drugs, including histamine 3 receptor antagonists, have been demonstrated to alleviate cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes findings from animal and clinical research on the relationship between the neuronal histaminergic system and cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer's disease. The significance of the neuronal histaminergic system as a promising target for the development of more effective drugs for the treatment of cognitive symptoms is discussed. Furthermore, the option to use histamine-related agents as neurogenesis-stimulating therapy that counteracts progressive brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease is considered. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Histamine Receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Zlomuzica
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
| | - Dorothea Dere
- Center for Psychological Consultation and Psychotherapy, Georg-August University Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Binder
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Luebeck, Germany
| | - Maria Angelica De Souza Silva
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Joseph P Huston
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ekrem Dere
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany; UFR des Sciences de la Vie (927), Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, France.
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Torkaman-Boutorabi A, Soltani S, Oryan S, Ebrahimi-Ghiri M, Torabi-Nami M, Zarrindast MR. Involvement of the dorsal hippocampal GABA-A receptors in histamine-induced facilitation of memory in the Morris water maze. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2013; 105:142-50. [PMID: 23438692 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Several types of learning and memory processes are regulated by the hippocampus which is an important subcortical structure in the mammalians' brain. Previous investigations have shown that different receptor systems in the CA1 region of hippocampus are involved in learning and memory functions. Investigating the possible influence of dorsal hippocampal GABA-A receptors on histamine-induced spatial facilitation in adult male Wistar rats was the focus of the current study. Rats were bilaterally implanted with dorsal hippocampal (CA1) cannulae, recovered from surgery and then trained in Morris water maze (MWM) for 4 consecutive days. A block of four trials was given each day. All drugs were injected into CA1 regions, 5min before training. Pre-training intra-CA1 microinjection of muscimol, a GABA-A receptor agonist, at the dose of 0.01 or 0.02μg/rat, increased the traveled distance or the escape latency and traveled distance to the hidden platform, respectively, indicating a water maze spatial acquisition impairment. Intra-CA1 administration of bicuculline, a GABA-A receptor antagonist however, significantly decreased the escape latency and traveled distance to the hidden platform, suggesting a spatial learning facilitation. On the other hand, pre-training intra-CA1 microinjection of the subthreshold dose of muscimol plus different doses of histamine (0.025, 0.05 and 0.1μg/rat) did not alter the histamine response. Meanwhile, the co-administration of the ineffective dose of bicuculline together with histamine potentiated the spatial learning. Moreover, bilateral infusion of histamine (0.025, 0.05 and 0.1μg/rat) by itself, facilitated the spatial learning. Notably, the drug injections had no effect on swimming speed during the MWM training sessions. Our results suggest that the dorsal hippocampal (CA1) GABA-A mechanism(s) may influence the histamine-induced facilitation of spatial acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Torkaman-Boutorabi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khajehpour L, Alizadeh-Makvandi A, Kesmati M, Eshagh-Harooni H. Involvement of basolateral amygdala GABAA receptors in the effect of dexamethasone on memory in rats. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2012; 12:900-8. [PMID: 22042654 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1000340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated whether GABA(A) receptors of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) interact with the effect of dexamethasone on the retrieval stage of memory. Adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally cannulated in the BLA by stereotaxic surgery. The animals were trained in step-through apparatus by induction of electric shock (1.5 mA, 3 s) and were tested for memory retrieval after 1 d. The time of latency for entering the dark compartment of the instrument and the time spent by rats in this chamber were recorded for evaluation of the animals' retrieval in passive avoidance memory. Administration of dexamethasone (0.3 and 0.9 mg/kg, subcutaneously (s.c.)), immediately after training, enhanced memory retrieval. This effect was reduced by intra-BLA microinjection of muscimol (0.125, 0.250 and 0.500 µg/rat), when administered before 0.9 mg/kg of dexamethasone. Microinjection of bicuculline (0.75 µg/rat, intra-BLA) with an ineffective dose of dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) increased memory retrieval. However, the same doses of muscimol and bicuculline without dexamethasone did not affect memory processes. Our data support reports that dexamethasone enhances memory retrieval. It seems that GABA(A) receptors of the BLA mediate the effect of dexamethasone on memory retrieval in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfollah Khajehpour
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Histaminergic mechanisms for modulation of memory systems. Neural Plast 2011; 2011:328602. [PMID: 21876818 PMCID: PMC3160014 DOI: 10.1155/2011/328602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Encoding for several memory types requires neural changes and the activity of distinct regions across the brain. These areas receive broad projections originating in nuclei located in the brainstem which are capable of modulating the activity of a particular area. The histaminergic system is one of the major modulatory systems, and it regulates basic homeostatic and higher functions including arousal, circadian, and feeding rhythms, and cognition. There is now evidence that histamine can modulate learning in different types of behavioral tasks, but the exact course of modulation and its mechanisms are controversial. In the present paper we review the involvement of the histaminergic system and the effects histaminergic receptor agonists/antagonists have on the performance of tasks associated with the main memory types as well as evidence provided by studies with knockout models. Thus, we aim to summarize the possible effects histamine has on modulation of circuits involved in memory formation.
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Dere E, Zlomuzica A, De Souza Silva M, Ruocco L, Sadile A, Huston J. Neuronal histamine and the interplay of memory, reinforcement and emotions. Behav Brain Res 2010; 215:209-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tarumi T, Mikami A, Shimada K, Kamei C. Participation of the Cholinergic System in Ameliorating Effect of Vasopressin Fragment by Group I Metabotropic Glutamate–Receptor Blockade. J Pharmacol Sci 2008; 108:335-40. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.08146fp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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