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Gao J, Chen X, Yang M, Wu Y, Liang T, Li H, Xie W. Adverse pregnancy outcomes and associated risk factors among pregnant women with syphilis during 2013-2018 in Hunan, China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1207248. [PMID: 37521351 PMCID: PMC10373300 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1207248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the adverse pregnancy outcomes and associated risk factors among pregnant women with syphilis. Design Pregnant women with syphilis in the registry for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B in Hunan Province, China, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018 were included in the study. Results Among the 14,219 pregnant women with syphilis, 11,346 had definite pregnancy outcomes and were in singleton pregnancy. The risk factors related to adverse pregnancy outcomes include the age of pregnant women with syphilis <20 years old (aOR = 1.274, 95% CI: 1.088-1.493) or ≥ 35 years old (aOR = 1.402, 95% CI: 1.167-1.686), not married (aOR = 1.855, 95% CI: 1.453-2.367), initial syphilis detection in the late pregnancy (aOR = 1.266, 95% CI: 1.032-1.555), diagnosis of syphilis in the late pregnancy (aOR = 5.806, 95% CI: 1.796-18.770), diagnosis of syphilis during labor (aOR = 4.102, 95% CI: 1.263-13.330), husband/sexual partner infected with syphilis (aOR = 1.222, 95% CI: 1.068-1.398), untreated (aOR = 6.756, 95% CI: 5.586-8.197), and nonstandard medication (aOR = 3.300, 95% CI: 2.841-3.846). Conclusion The prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant women with syphilis in Hunan Province, China from 2013 to 2018 was relatively high. The adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with syphilis could be reduced by early detection and standard treatment of syphilis for pregnant women and their husbands/sexual partners.
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Khan M, Sharma A, Hathorn T, Sandhu M, Rosen R, Riddle N, Mifsud M. The Mucosal Manifestations of Syphilis in the Head and Neck. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2023:1455613231165159. [PMID: 37129418 DOI: 10.1177/01455613231165159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Syphilis is a resurging disease which can present itself in many ways, including lesions within the head and neck mucosa. Some of these lesions may clinically mimic oral malignancies. This literature review aims to better characterize the mucosal presentations of syphilis. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for full-text, English articles published from 1950 to 2022 that reported patients with head and neck mucosal manifestations of syphilis. Articles were screened according to PRISMA guidelines. Results: One hundred forty-three manuscripts documenting 236 individual patients were included in the review. Patients with secondary syphilis accounted for 62% of patients presenting with head and neck mucosal lesions. The most common lesions found in primary and secondary syphilis were ulcerations, primarily found on the tongue, lips, and palate. While serologic studies are the gold standard for diagnosing syphilis, biopsy of these lesions have characteristic syphilitic changes. Conclusions: Syphilis' nickname of "The great imitator" remains to be true, and the head and neck mucosal manifestations of this disease can resemble commonly seen malignancies. Awareness of this disease and its lesions is prudent given the rising incidence of syphilis within the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnoor Khan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Abhay Sharma
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Travis Hathorn
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mannat Sandhu
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ross Rosen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nicole Riddle
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Matthew Mifsud
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Singh S, Poonia K, Bansal S, Kapatia G. Bilateral chancre of the tongue: An unusual presentation of primary syphilis. Int J STD AIDS 2023:9564624231163743. [PMID: 36927340 DOI: 10.1177/09564624231163743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infectious disease caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum. A characteristic lesion of primary syphilis is chancre. It can develop over genital or extra genital sites, depending on the site of contact with the infectious agent. Cases of oral syphilis have been on the rise in the previous two decades, probably because of the involvement of the oral cavity in sexual practices. We here report an unusual case of primary syphilis who presented with a painless indurated oral ulcer over the lateral borders of the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, 573593AIIMS Bathinda, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kavita Poonia
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, 573593AIIMS Bathinda, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shivani Bansal
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, 573593AIIMS Bathinda, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gargi Kapatia
- Department of Pathology, 573593AIIMS Bathinda, Bathinda, India
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Ramchandani MS, Cannon CA, Marra CM. Syphilis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2023; 37:195-222. [PMID: 37005164 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Syphilis is an important public health problem in the U.S. and many high-income nations. The rates of syphilis continue to increase and there is an urgent need for medical providers of a variety of backgrounds to recognize this disease. In this review, we cover the key clinical findings of syphilis and provide an overview of the diagnosis and management of this disease in adults.
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Schuch LF, da Silva KD, de Arruda JAA, Etges A, Gomes APN, Mesquita RA, Vasconcelos ACU, Tarquinio SBC. Forty cases of acquired oral syphilis and a review of the literature. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 48:635-643. [PMID: 30459066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe 40 cases of acquired oral syphilis (AOS) and to discuss the distribution of demographic characteristics, clinical features, and differential diagnosis of the disease. A retrospective study was conducted covering a 17-year period at a single institution in southern Brazil. Moreover, a literature review was performed through a search of the PubMed database for articles on AOS published between 1955 and March 2018. Data were analyzed descriptively. The predominant group within the case series was male patients in their twenties. The vast majority of cases (92.5%) were in the secondary stage of the disease. The lips were the most commonly affected site, with greyish-white mucous patches and reddish ulcers. In the literature review, the largest number of reported cases came from North America. Male patients in the third and fourth decades of life were most affected. AOS occurred more commonly as mucous patches and ulcers on the tongue and palate. Similarities regarding the distribution by sex, age, and anatomical location were found in the present study when compared to cases reported elsewhere. Clinicians, oral pathologists, and maxillofacial surgeons should familiarize themselves with the variable spectrum of signs and symptoms of AOS in their clinical practice to improve diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Schuch
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - K D da Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - J A A de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - A Etges
- Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - A P N Gomes
- Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - R A Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A C U Vasconcelos
- Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - S B C Tarquinio
- Diagnostic Centre for Oral Diseases, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Wong BJW, Cheung WS, Campbell KM. Aphthous Stomatitis Major in a 4-Month-Old Infant. J Emerg Med 2018; 55:e157-e158. [PMID: 30297194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J W Wong
- Department of Dentistry, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wa Sham Cheung
- Department of Dentistry, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Karen M Campbell
- Department of Dentistry, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Leuci S, Martina S, Adamo D, Ruoppo E, Santarelli A, Sorrentino R, Favia G, Mignogna M. Oral Syphilis: a retrospective analysis of 12 cases and a review of the literature. Oral Dis 2013; 19:738-46. [PMID: 23294141 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a retrospective analysis of multicentre case series of oral syphilis and a review of relevant literature. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A PUBMED search was carried out from 1950 to 2011. Clinical records of patients with exclusive/prevalent oral manifestations of syphilis were collected and examined in three independent hospitals. RESULTS Of 23 reports describing 34 patients were detected through the review (35% primary, 56% secondary, and 9% tertiary disease), describing unspecific ulcers (59%), mucosal patches (23%), keratosis (6%), pseudomembranes (3%), and gumma (9%). Multicentre case series revealed 12 patients with oral syphilis, of which 17%, 58%, and 25% with, respectively, primary, secondary, and tertiary lesions. Clinically, patients showed white patches (17%), blistering mucositis (8%), chronic unspecific ulcers with/without skin lesions (50%), gumma (17%), and necrosis of the dorsum of the tongue (8%). Oral bullae and tongue necrosis are never described in the current review. CONCLUSIONS Diagnosis of syphilis remains a challenge because of the multiform and polymorphous clinical pattern at onset and its ability to imitate different diseases. It is mandatory to include syphilis in the differential diagnosis of unusual oral lesions. Diagnosis of oral lesions of syphilis is often difficult, and biopsy is required in controversial cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Leuci
- Department of Odontostomatological and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Oral Medicine Unit, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Aichelburg MC, Rieger A. Primary syphilitic chancre on the upper arm in an HIV-1-infected patient. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 23:597-8. [PMID: 22930301 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2011.011442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A 32-year-old HIV-infected man presented with an ulcerating skin lesion with indurated borders on the upper right arm. Both dark-field microscopy and syphilis serology confirmed the diagnosis of primary syphilis. Extragenital syphilitic chancres are uncommon but nevertheless have to be kept in mind as they often delay diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Aichelburg
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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