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Tercanlı H, Bolat Gümüş E. Evaluation of mandibular trabecular bone structure in growing children with Class I, II, and III malocclusions using fractal analysis: A retrospective study. Int Orthod 2024; 22:100875. [PMID: 38692119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to evaluate the mandibular bone structure of patients with different malocclusions by using fractal dimension (FD) analysis on dental panoramic radiographic images. MATERIAL AND METHODS Pre-treatment panoramic radiographic images of 103 patients were included in the study and divided into 3 groups as Class I (group 1: 0 RESULTS FD values were lower in Class I sagittal skeletal pattern than Class II and III groups in anterior ROI FD, premolar ROI FD, angulus ROI FD, and mean FD values. There were differences between Class I and Class III skeletal patterns (P=0.023 for anterior ROI FD, P=0.016 for premolar ROI FD, P=0.034 for angulus ROI FD, and P=0.014 for mean FD). Class I and II malocclusions differed in anterior ROI FD (P=0.029) and also Classes II and III showed differences in angulus ROI FD (P=0.029). CONCLUSION Sagittal skeletal patterns may result in differences in the structure of the mandibular trabecular bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hümeyra Tercanlı
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Esra Bolat Gümüş
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey.
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Polat Balkan E, Paksoy CS, Bağış N. Fractal analysis of the effects on mandibular bone of botulinum toxin therapy of the masseter muscle in patients with bruxism. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:83-88. [PMID: 37805341 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined changes in the mandibular angle, ramus, and condylar neck of patients with bruxism after botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) injection into the masseter muscle as calculated with fractal analysis (FA) on panoramic radiographs (PRs). METHODS We examined the PRs of 3 groups of 22 patients each (n = 66) obtained upon presentation and 6 months later. One group included healthy controls without bruxism, one group included patients with untreated bruxism, and one group included patients with bruxism who had undergone BTX-A injection into the masseter muscle. We performed FA of the bilateral angle, ramus, and condylar neck of the PRs to calculate fractal dimension (FD). RESULTS The FD values of the angle on the second PRs of the untreated bruxism group were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P = .026), specifically when compared to the BTX-A injection group (P = .017). The FD values in the angle and ramus of the bruxism group were significantly higher on the second PRs (P ≤..005)) Conversely, the FD values in the angle of the BTX-A injection group were significantly lower on the second PR (P = .039). CONCLUSIONS Masseter muscle hyperactivity due to bruxism increases bone density in masseter muscle attachment regions. BTX-A injection restricts muscle activity, thereby chnging bone structure and decreasing FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Polat Balkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Candan S Paksoy
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilsun Bağış
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ankara, Turkey
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Altunok M, Miloğlu Ö, Doğan H, Yılmaz AB, Uyanık A, Çankaya E. Fractal characteristics of the trabecular pattern of the mandible in patients with renal transplantation. Clin Transplant 2024; 38:e15236. [PMID: 38289886 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.15236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined the mandibular trabecular bone structures by performing fractal dimension (FD) analysis in patients who underwent renal transplantation (RTx). METHODS Our study is an observational study with 69 RTx patients and 35 control group patients. The mean FD values of the patient and control groups were calculated and compared. In addition, biochemical parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and vitamin-D parameters and FD values of both groups were analyzed. RESULTS FD values were significantly lower in the patient group than in the healthy group (p < .05). In the RTx group compared to the control group, ALP (90.71 ± 34.25-66.54 ± 16.8, respectively) (p < .001) and PTH (75.76 ± 38.01-38.17 ± 12.39, respectively) (p < .001) values were higher. There was a positive correlation between the FD values and ALP (rspearman = .305, p = .011) and a negative correlation between FD values and vitamin-D (rspearman = .287, p = .017) of patients with RTx. CONCLUSION FD values were found to be lower in patients who underwent RTx compared to the control group. It should be considered that FD analysis can be a method that can be used to evaluate trabecular bone structure in patients undergoing RTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Altunok
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Özkan Miloğlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Doğan
- Department of Medical Biology Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Berhan Yılmaz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Uyanık
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Erdem Çankaya
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Oliveira-Santos N, Silva AG, Gaêta-Araujo H, Oliveira's ML, Groppo FC. Influence of binarization methods on the fractal dimension of alveolar bone using digital radiographs. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:649-655. [PMID: 37468379 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of binarization methods (BnMs) on the fractal dimension (FD) of the alveolar bone in digital radiographic images. STUDY DESIGN Five identical periapical radiographs were obtained from each of 20 anatomic regions. Using ImageJ/Fiji software, a standardized region of interest was positioned in the trabecular bone of all radiographs, 14 BnMs were independently applied, and FD was calculated. The Friedman test and Dunn post hoc tests were used to evaluate the influence of BnMs on FD (α = 0.05). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess correlation among BnMs. RESULTS No significant differences were observed in the threshold value between the BnMs. No significant differences in FD were observed among 9 BnMs (Default, Huang, Iso Data, Li, Mean, Min Error[I], Moments, Otsu, and Shanbhag). These methods presented significantly higher FDs than those from 3 other BnMs (Max Entropy, Renyi Entropy, and Yen), which did not significantly differ from each other. The Triangle method significantly differed from all BnMs, and the Percentile method produced significantly higher FDs than Huang, IsoData, Li, Moments, Otsu, and Shanbhag. Most BnMs presented good or excellent correlation (ICC ≥ 0.76). CONCLUSIONS Binarization methods influence FD of the alveolar bone from digital periapical radiographs; thus, this technical aspect is relevant for comparison purposes and should be standardized. For comparison of published FD research, the Default method is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolly Oliveira-Santos
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, Division of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Aline Gabrieli Silva
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Gaêta-Araujo
- Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health and Forensic Dentistry, Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus L Oliveira's
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Carlos Groppo
- Department of Biosciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alpaydin MT, Buyuk SK, Abay F, Korkmaz YN. Evaluation of mandibular osseous structure in patients with mandibular asymmetry: a fractal analysis study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:656-662. [PMID: 37516622 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effect of mandibular asymmetry on the trabecular structure of the mandible as measured through fractal analysis (FA). STUDY DESIGN We divided a sample of 105 patients with skeletal class I occlusion, cervical vertebral maturation CS6, and skeletal vertical dimension ratios within normal limits into right asymmetric, left asymmetric, and symmetric groups. We performed FA on 6 bilateral regions of interest on panoramic radiographs of the patients and calculated the mean fractal dimension (FD) for each region. We performed the Wilcoxon signed-rank and paired t tests to compare the significance of differences in FD between sides within each group and between groups for all regions. Statistical significance was established at P < .05. RESULTS We found statistically significant differences in mean FD values between the right and left condyles of the 2 asymmetric patient groups. The FD was greater in the left condyle of patients with right asymmetry and in the right condyle of patients with left asymmetry. The right condyle had a significantly greater FD in left asymmetric patients than in right asymmetric patients. CONCLUSIONS The results of FA indicate that asymmetry is characterized by an increase in the mean FD of the condyle that is responsible for the asymmetry. Fractal analysis can be a valuable diagnostic technique in distinguishing trabecular differences in the condylar areas of asymmetric individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmed Taha Alpaydin
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkiye.
| | | | - Feridun Abay
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkiye
| | - Yasemin Nur Korkmaz
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkiye
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Bolat Gümüş E, Yavuz E, Tufekci C. Effects of functional orthopedic treatment on mandibular trabecular bone in class II patients using fractal analysis. J Orofac Orthop 2023; 84:155-164. [PMID: 35501504 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-022-00397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effects of functional orthopedic treatment on mandibular bone structure using fractal dimension (FD) analysis of panoramic radiographs. METHODS The study material consisted of the pre- and posttreatment digital panoramic radiographs of 80 patients (mean age 10.1 ± 2.01 years; 45 girls, 35 boys) with class II malocclusion who were treated with the monoblock or twin block appliances. The following regions of interest (ROI) were selected: ROI1, condylar process; ROI2, angulus mandibulae; ROI3, corpus mandibulae; and ROI4, mental foramen. Pre- and posttreatment FD values were compared for each ROI. RESULTS FD values of the mandibular condyle did not change with the functional orthodontic treatment. FD values of the mandibular corpus region had the highest pretreatment values and significantly decreased with treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Functional orthopedic treatment altered the trabeculation of the mandibular bone, but it is speculated that the changes in the occlusal forces seemed to be of primary significance for this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Bolat Gümüş
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Esra Yavuz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Cansu Tufekci
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Musulluoğlu F, Alan H, Yılmaz S. Investigation of the effect of oral and internal bisphosphonate use on bone density in the jaws in patients with osteoporosis in panoramic radiography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023; 136:284-293. [PMID: 37316421 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to quantitatively evaluate the effects of bisphosphonate use duration and route of administration on mandibular cortical and trabecular bone in postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN Ninety postmenopausal women over the age of 50 were included in this study. Trabecular bone density was specified numerically by fractal dimension (FD) in the region of interest selected on the panoramic radiograph. The width of the mandibular cortical (MCW) bone under the mental foramen of the mandible was measured. Mann-Whitney U test was used for parameters that did not show a normal distribution. Spearman rho correlation test was used to determine the relationship between continuous measurement parameters. RESULTS It was observed that FD and MCW of dentate and edentate individuals using bisphosphonate were statistically significantly lower than those of healthy individuals (P < .05). There was no significant correlation was found between the duration of use of bisphosphonates and the fractal values obtained from the relevant regions of the mandible (P > .05). CONCLUSION Fractal dimension was found to be lower in oral bisphosphonate use than in intravenous bisphosphonate use. The width of the mandibular cortical bone values was found to be lower in individuals using bisphosphonate than in healthy individuals. Fractal dimension and MCW may benefit clinicians as quantitative parameters in panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhat Musulluoğlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Inonu University Faculty of Dentistry, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Hilal Alan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Inonu University Faculty of Dentistry, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yılmaz
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ministry of Health, Mersin Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
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Magnetic resonance imaging and fractal analysis findings in temporomandibular joints with disk perforation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2023:S2212-4403(23)00002-0. [PMID: 36890079 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and fractal dimension (FD) values in the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of study patients with disk perforation vs control patients. STUDY DESIGN Of 75 TMJs examined with MRI for characteristics of the disk and condyle, 45 were included in the study group and 30 in the control group. MRI findings and FD values were compared for significance of differences between the groups. The frequency of subclassifications was analyzed for differences between the two forms of disk configuration and grades of effusion. Mean FD values were analyzed for differences among subclassifications of MRI findings and between groups. RESULTS Examination of MRI variables revealed that the study group had significantly greater frequencies of flattened disks, disk displacement, flattening and combined defects in condylar morphology, and grade 2 effusion (P = .001) Joints with perforated disks had a large percentage of normal disk-condyle relationships (73.3%). Significant differences were discovered between biconcave and flattened disk configuration in the frequencies of internal disk status and condylar morphology. FD values of all patients varied significantly among the subclassifications of disk configuration, internal disk status, and effusion. Mean FD values were significantly lower in the study group with perforated disks (1.07) compared with the control group (1.20, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS MRI variables and FD can be useful in investigating intra-articular TMJ status.
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Arsan B. Cone beam computed tomography analysis of mandibular inferior cortical thickness and bone texture in cemento-osseous dysplasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022; 134:110-118. [PMID: 35400627 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared mandibular cortical thickness (CTh) and fractal dimension (FD) in patients with cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) and controls, as measured with cone beam computed tomography. STUDY DESIGN In total, 28 female patients with COD and 28 age-matched controls were selected retrospectively. Inferior cross-sectional CTh was measured at the symphysis (sCTh), anterior (aCTh), mental foramen (mfCTh), molar (mCTh), and posterior (pCTh) regions. The alternate measurement of mean CTh of the volume including buccal, lingual, and inferior cortices between the mental foramina (alternate CTh) was measured in ImageJ. FD was calculated in cortical and trabecular bone. Data were analyzed for significance of differences in CTh and FD between patient groups and for correlation of inferior and alternate CTh measurements. RESULTS Inferior CTh values were lower overall in the patients with COD than in the controls (P = .01), specifically at sCTh, mCTh, and pCTh (P ≤ .042). Alternate CTh was also significantly lower in the COD group (P = .005). There was a significant correlation between inferior and alternate CTh measurements (r = 0.636, P < .001). No significant differences were observed in cortical or trabecular FD between groups (P ≥ .072). CONCLUSIONS Female patients with COD had significantly lower inferior and alternate CTh than healthy controls. Both groups had similar cortical and trabecular bone textures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belde Arsan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Michels M, Morais-Faria K, Rivera C, Brandão TB, Santos-Silva AR, Oliveira ML. Structural complexity of the craniofacial trabecular bone in multiple myeloma assessed by fractal analysis. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:33-41. [PMID: 35387107 PMCID: PMC8967490 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20210160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the structural complexity of craniofacial trabecular bone in multiple myeloma by fractal analysis of panoramic and lateral skull radiography, and to compare the fractal dimension values of healthy patients (HPs), pre-treatment patients (PTPs), and patients during bisphosphonate treatment (DTPs). Materials and Methods Pairs of digital panoramic and lateral skull radiographs of 84 PTPs and 72 DTPs were selected. After application of exclusion criteria, 43 panoramic and 84 lateral skull radiographs of PTPs, 56 panoramic and 72 lateral skull radiographs of DTPs, and 99 panoramic radiographs of age- and sex-matched HPs were selected. The fractal dimension values from panoramic radiographs were compared among HPs, PTPs, and DTPs and between anatomical locations within patient groups using analysis of variance with the Tukey test. Fractal dimension values from lateral skull radiographs were compared between PTPs and DTPs using the Student t-test. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between the mandible from panoramic radiographs and the skull from lateral skull radiographs. Intra-examiner agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (α=0.05). Results The fractal dimension values were not significantly different among HPs, PTPs, and DTPs on panoramic radiographs or between PTPs and DTPs on lateral skull radiographs (P>0.05). The mandibular body presented the highest fractal dimension values (P≤0.05). The fractal dimension values of the mandible and skull in PTPs and DTPs were not correlated. Conclusion Fractal analysis was not sensitive for distinguishing craniofacial trabecular bone complexity in multiple myeloma patients using panoramic and lateral skull radiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Michels
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Morais-Faria
- Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - César Rivera
- Oral Medicine and Pathology Research Group, Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Maule, Chile
| | - Thaís Bianca Brandão
- Dental Oncology Service, São Paulo State Cancer Institute, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Division of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus L Oliveira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Basavarajappa S, Konddajji Ramachandra V, Kumar S. Fractal dimension and lacunarity analysis of mandibular bone on digital panoramic radiographs of tobacco users. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2021; 15:140-146. [PMID: 34386187 PMCID: PMC8346712 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2021.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. This study aimed to evaluate and compare changes in the mandibular trabecular bone pattern using the fractal dimension (FD) and lacunarity analysis in tobacco users with healthy controls. Methods. This study was carried out on digital panoramic radiographs of 225 subjects divided into three groups: smokeless tobacco users (SLTs), smokers, and control (n=75). ImageJ program with FracLac plugin was used to assess the FD and lacunarity of mandibular trabecular bone on the digital panoramic radiographs. Results. The differences in the mean FD values of the study and control groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Mean FD was lower in the case groups than the control group, with SLTs having the least FD value. A significant difference in lacunarity was noted between SLTs and controls (P < 0.001). On the contrary, there was no significant difference in lacunarity between smokers and controls. Conclusions. FD values were lower in tobacco users, suggesting that tobacco users have a less complex trabecular bone pattern than healthy controls. Higher lacunarity values in SLTs indicated a more heterogeneous bone pattern. These findings signify that FD and lacunarity analysis on digital panoramic radiographs can serve as promising predictive tools to assess bone quality for osteoporotic changes in tobacco users, thereby facilitating prompt referral for further management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Basavarajappa
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Shrawan Kumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Government Dental College & Research Institute, Bangalore, India
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Trabecular and cortical mandibular bone investigation in familial adenomatous polyposis patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9143. [PMID: 33911117 PMCID: PMC8080795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandibular cortical and trabecular bone abnormalities in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) were evaluated using dental panoramic radiographs (DPR) radiomorphometric indices and fractal dimension (FD). Sixty DPRs from 15 FAP patients and 45 healthy controls were evaluated. FAP group was composed of 33.3% females and 66.6% males, agemean = 37.2 years (SD 15.79). The non-FAP group was paired by gender and sex. The parameters analyzed were: FD of the trabecular bone in four regions of interest (ROI), mandibular cortical index (MCI) and width (MCW). FD values were lower for the FAP group. Statistically significance differences were shown by ROI 2 and 3 anteriorly to the mental foramen bilaterally, p = 0.001, and p = 0.006. The ROI 1 and 4, at the mandibular angle trabeculae, indicated statistical significances on the right side (p = 0.036) and no differences on the left side (p = 0.091). There was no significant difference in MCI and MCW when the groups were compared, MCW (L) p = 0.247, and MCW (R) p = 0.070. Fractal values of FAP patients' mandibular trabecular bone were lower than healthy controls. The radiomorphometric indices MCI and MCW were not useful for analyzing the cortical bone pattern. Therefore, FD is a promising tool for detection of abnormal bone structure in DPRs and for supporting the appropriate referral of FAP patients.
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Ünlü Kurşun B, Akan E. Radiographic determination of trabecular bone change in 2- and 4-implant-supported overdenture prostheses. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 131:364-370. [PMID: 32859563 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the fractal dimensions (FDs) of peri-implant trabecular bone around 2-implant-supported overdentures with the FDs around 4-implant-supported overdentures at the time of implant placement (T0) and 1 year after placement (T1). STUDY DESIGN Standardized regions of interest were chosen at sites mesial and distal to 60 mandibular implants: 20 in 2-implant-supported prostheses (group 1) and 40 in 4-implant-supported prostheses (group 2), for a total of 120 measurements. FD values were calculated by using ImageJ software with the box-counting method. RESULTS The mean FD values of peri-implant bone were significantly lower at T1 than at T0 in both groups (P ≤ .001). Differences between the groups in the decrease in FD between T0 and T1 were mostly insignificant. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this study, 2-implant and 4-implant-supported overdentures exhibited the same degree of reduction in peri-implant FD over time, suggesting similar risk of failure because FD is related to implant stability. Depending on the patient's residual ridge status and other factors, the 2-implant-supported overdenture may be preferred because it requires less surgery and is less costly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begüm Ünlü Kurşun
- Research Assistant, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Katip Çelebi, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ender Akan
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Katip Çelebi, Izmir, Turkey
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Evaluation of the mandibular trabecular bone in patients with bruxism using fractal analysis. Oral Radiol 2020; 37:36-45. [PMID: 31933121 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-020-00422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of bruxism on the fractal dimension (FD) of the mandibular trabecular bone through digital panoramic radiographs, and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of fractal analysis as a diagnostic test for bruxism. METHODS One hundred and six bruxer and 106 non-bruxer patients were included in the study. Three bilateral regions of interest (ROI) were selected: ROI-1, the mandibular condyle; ROI-2, the mandibular angle; ROI-3, the-area between the apical regions of the mandibular second premolar and the first molar teeth. FD values for the bruxer and non-bruxer groups were compared for each ROI. RESULTS Only the FD measurements for the right mandibular condyle (ROI-1) showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.041) between the bruxer and non-bruxer individuals. FD values measured in the bruxers (1.40 ± 0.09) were lower than in the non-bruxers (1.42 ± 0.08). CONCLUSION Fractal analysis may be a useful method for discerning trabecular differences in the condylar areas of bruxer individuals. In future studies, the unilateral mastication habits, the characteristics of dental wear, and the occlusal bite forces of individuals should be documented.
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de Sá Cavalcante D, da Silva Castro MG, Quidute ARP, Martins MRA, Cid AMPL, de Barros Silva PG, Cadwell Williams J, Neves FS, Ribeiro TR, Costa FWG. Evaluation of bone texture imaging parameters on panoramic radiographs of patients with Sheehan's syndrome: a STROBE-compliant case-control study. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:2257-2269. [PMID: 31372710 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05086-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sheehan's syndrome (SHS) is a rare condition related to the risk of osteoporosis and evaluation of bone texture imaging features on panoramic radiographs would be suitable for this condition, which was the aim of the present study. Fractal dimension, lacunarity, and trabecular morphologic aspects were significantly altered in these patients. INTRODUCTION SHS is an important public health problem particularly in developing countries. It is characterized as postpartum hypopituitarism secondary to obstetric complications-related ischemic pituitary necrosis that shows significant systemic metabolic repercussions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate bone texture parameters in digital panoramic radiographs of patients with SHS. METHODS A case-control study was conducted with 30 SHS patients from an Endocrinology and Diabetology Service of reference in Brazil, and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. A custom computer program measured fractal dimension, lacunarity, and some morphologic features in the following mandibular regions of interest (50 × 50 pixels): below the mental foramen (F1), between the first and second molars (M1), and at the center of the mandibular ramus (R1). RESULTS The fractal analysis showed a statistically significant difference between the studied groups in all regions of interest. The fractal dimension in F1 (p = 0.016), M1 (p = 0.043), and R1 (p = 0.028) was significantly lower in SHS group, as well as lacunarity in R1 (p = 0.008). Additionally, several morphologic features were statistically significant in the SHS group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Therefore, individuals with SHS showed altered imaging texture parameters on panoramic radiographs, which reflect a smaller spatial organization of the bone trabeculae and, possibly, a state of reduced mineral bone density.
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Affiliation(s)
- D de Sá Cavalcante
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna St 949, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - M G da Silva Castro
- Realistic Simulation Center, Univeristy Center UNICHRISTUS, R. João Adolfo Gurgel St 133, Cocó, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60190-060, Brazil
| | - A R P Quidute
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Alexandre Baraúna St 949, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - M R A Martins
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Alexandre Baraúna St 949, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - A M P L Cid
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna St 949, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - P G de Barros Silva
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna St 949, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - J Cadwell Williams
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - F S Neves
- Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Araújo Pinho ave 62, Canela, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-040, Brazil
| | - T R Ribeiro
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna St 949, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil
| | - F W G Costa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Alexandre Baraúna St 949, Rodolfo Teofilo, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-160, Brazil.
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Oliveira-Santos N, Michels M, Freitas DQ, Haiter-Neto F, Oliveira ML. Influence of phosphor plate-based radiographic image specifications on fractal analysis of alveolar bone. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2019; 128:418-423. [PMID: 31324583 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of spatial resolution, bit depth, and enhancement filters on the fractal dimension (FD) of photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plate-based intraoral radiographic images of alveolar bone. STUDY DESIGN Periapical radiographs were obtained using PSP plates, which were scanned at 2 spatial resolutions: 1270 dpi and 2000 dpi. All images were subjected to 3 enhancement filters-Perio, Endo, and Fine-and exported in 8 and 16 bits. A region-of-interest was selected on alveolar bone and the FD value was calculated. The multiway analysis of variance test followed by the post hoc Tukey test compared the FD values between the different groups (α = 0.05). RESULTS No significant difference was observed in FD values between the 8- and 16-bit images. Except for the Perio filter, FD values were significantly higher for images at 1270 dpi. FD values were significantly higher for the Perio filter, followed by the Endo filter, and the Fine filter. The FD values of the Fine filter did not differ significantly from the original image. CONCLUSIONS Fractal analysis of alveolar bone obtained from PSP plate-based intraoral radiographic images is influenced by spatial resolution and some digital enhancement filters; therefore, for FD comparison purposes, images should have the same specifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolly Oliveira-Santos
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariane Michels
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deborah Queiroz Freitas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Haiter-Neto
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Lima Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Chavarry NGM, Perrone D, Farias MLF, Dos Santos BC, Domingos AC, Schanaider A, Feres-Filho EJ. Alendronate improves bone density and type I collagen accumulation but increases the amount of pentosidine in the healing dental alveolus of ovariectomized rabbits. Bone 2019; 120:9-19. [PMID: 30282057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been shown that the oral aminobisphosphonate sodium alendronate (ALN) therapy reduces the risk of main fractures in osteoporotic women, but its effect on the jaw bones is poorly known. Here, we hypothesized that ALN affects the newly formed alveolar bone, particularly the quality of the type I collagen cross-linking. METHODS Osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in 6-month old rabbits. Six weeks following surgery, eight animals were treated by oral gavage with ALN (OVX + ALN) and ten received placebo (OVX + Pbo). Another six rabbits which were sham operated also received placebo (SHAM + Pbo). One month following the beginning of treatment, the upper and lower left first premolars were removed. Six weeks later, the upper and the lower right first premolars were also extracted. One month after the second extraction, biopsies were collected from the maxillary extraction sites and collagen crosslinks were analyzed in the newly formed bone tissue by HPLC. Also, at this time, mandibular bone segments were subjected to μCT. RESULTS Animals treated with ALN achieved a roughly 2-time greater bone volume fraction value at a late healing period than animals in the other groups (p < 0.05). Collagen mean results were 2- to 4-times superior in the OVX + ALN group than in the control groups (p < 0.05). ALN-treated animals presented higher amounts of the non-enzymatic collagen cross-link pentosidine (PEN) than the sham-operated rabbits (p < 0.05), whereas the OVX + Pbo group presented the highest amount of PEN (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Alendronate increases bone volume and collagen accumulation, but does not fully rescue the non-osteoporotic alveolar tissue quality as is evident from the increased quantity of pentosidine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Perrone
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry and Food, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Fleiuss Farias
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Camargo Dos Santos
- Department of Nuclear Engineering (COPPE), School of Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Andrea Castro Domingos
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-971, Brazil
| | - Alberto Schanaider
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-913, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Jorge Feres-Filho
- Division of Graduate Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-971, Brazil.
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Nair S, R Nadig R, S Pai V, Gowda Y. Effect of a Papain-based Chemomechanical Agent on Structure of Dentin and Bond Strength: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:161-166. [PMID: 30131634 PMCID: PMC6102437 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the microtensile bond strength of teeth restored with packable composite after removing caries with three chemomechanical caries removal agents (Carisolv, Papacarie and Carie-care) and also to analyze its effect on chemical composition of dentin using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Design A total of 40 carious molars with 1 to 1.5 mm of remaining dentin were selected and divided into four groups of 20 each. Group I (control)—bur, group II—Carisolv, group III—Papacarie, group IV—Carie-care. A total of 15 samples from each group were restored with composite; 1 mm thick sections were made and were debonded under tensile load. Remaining five samples from each group were subjected to EDX for elemental analysis of dentin surface. Results No statistically significant difference in the bond strength values and Ca/P ratio was observed between control group and three chemomechanical agents tested in the study. Conclusion None of the chemomechanical agents tested in the study adversely affected the bond strength of composite resin to caries-affected dentin. Therefore, newer papain-based chemomechanical agent Carie-care can be considered as an equally effective economical alternative to commonly used agents Carisolv and Papacarie. How to cite this article: Nair S, Nadig RR, Pai VS, Gowda Y. Effect of a Papain-based Chemomechanical Agent on Structure of Dentin and Bond Strength: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):161-166.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Nair
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
| | - Roopa R Nadig
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
| | - Veena S Pai
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
| | - Yashwanth Gowda
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Dayananda Sagar College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru Karnataka, India
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S Dhull K, Verma T, Dutta B. Prevalence of Deleterious Oral Habits among 3- to 5-year-old Preschool Children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:210-213. [PMID: 30131643 PMCID: PMC6102427 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Oral habits during and beyond preschool age are one of the important etiological factors in developing malocclusion and other ill effects on orofacial structures. The objective of the present study was to know the prevalence of deleterious oral habits among 3- to 5-year-old preschool children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among preschool children, in the age group of 3 to 5 years in the city of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. To carry out this study, six private schools, two from each of the three electoral constituency, were selected using cluster sampling technique. A total of 500 students, studying in LKG and UKG and their respective mothers/caregivers were selected for the study as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Prevalence of different oral habits in children was calculated from the data obtained. Using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17.0 software, Chi-square test was applied to compare the differences present between boys and girls and their significant values (p < 0.05). Results The result of this study showed a high prevalence of oral habits (36%) among preschool children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Lip biting was found to be the most prevalent habit (13.4%), followed closely by thumb sucking (12.8%), bruxism (12.8%), and mouth breathing (11%). Conclusion The study revealed a great dearth of a well-established dental education program for preschool children as well as their parents, caretakers, teachers, and pediatricians in order to provide an effective and timely care to the children. How to cite this article: Dhull KS, Verma T, Dutta B. Prevalence of Deleterious Oral Habits among 3- to 5-year-old Preschool Children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):210-213.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika S Dhull
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| | - Tulika Verma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
| | - Brahmananda Dutta
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar Odisha, India
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Sarma A, Nagar P. A Comparative Evaluation of Time-dependent Changes on the Surface Hardness of Bulk Cure Composites: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:183-187. [PMID: 30131638 PMCID: PMC6102429 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objective of this in vitro study was to assess the surface hardness through Vickers hardness (VH) test of one conventional hybrid resin composites (Filtek Z350), compared with that of two bulk cure resin composites (SDR™, Tetric N Ceram®). Materials and methods Twenty specimens of each material were prepared in cylindrical aluminum molds with an internal diameter of 5 mm and depth of 4 mm, 10 (incremental curing) and 10 (bulk curing). The surface of each specimen was covered with a transparent plastic matrix strip before light curing with conventional visible light for 40 seconds. The specimens thus obtained were stored in deionized water and transferred to an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours to simulate clinical conditions. After 24 hours, the microhardness of each specimen was measured using a Vickers indenter, with a load of 100 gm and dwell time of 15 seconds (HV 0.2/40). The specimens were further subjected to VH test in an interval of 7, 30, and 90 days. The data were subjected to statistical analysis—Student’s t test, analysis of variance, and post hoc Tukey’s test. Results The present study showed that SDR™ in bulk curing showed consistently greater value of hardness and was comparable to traditional incremental cured Filtek Z350, highlighting the advantages of the new SDR technology. How to cite this article: Sarma A, Nagar P. A Comparative Evaluation of Time-dependent Changes on the Surface Hardness of Bulk Cure Composites: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):183-187.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Sarma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences & Hospital Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priya Nagar
- Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences & Hospital Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Malhotra R, Gandhi K, Kumar D, Ahuja S, Kapoor R, Sahni A. A Comparative Study to evaluate Parent's Ability to assess Dental Fear in their 6- to 10-year-old Children using Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:205-209. [PMID: 30131642 PMCID: PMC6102428 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Parental presence often provides unique challenge in dental operatory and is directly related to the quality dental treatment. The present study was done to investigate parent's ability to assess dental anxiety of their 6- to 10-year-old child and to determine how parent's and children's fear assessments correlate with each other. Materials and methods Prior to dental treatment, 94 child-parent combinations were included to complete Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) questionnaire, and Frankl score was assigned to children during treatment by operator. Results Mean dental anxiety score reported by the children was 27.74, whereas by their parents was 39.64. There was a poor consistency of parents to predict their child dental fear (p < 0.05). Parents reported higher dental fear for their children. Conclusion Parents assessment of their child's fear may vary in accordance to factors, including their own dental fear. Such input may prevent dentists from establishing an accurate association with the child's patient.How to cite this article: Malhotra R, Gandhi K, Kumar D, Ahuja S, Kapoor R, Sahni A. A Comparative Study to evaluate Parent's Ability to assess Dental Fear in their 6- to 10-year-old Children using Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):205-209.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritika Malhotra
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kapil Gandhi
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics, Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipanshu Kumar
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpa Ahuja
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabh Kapoor
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics, Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anchal Sahni
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics, Inderprastha Dental College & Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Pattanaik S, Puvvula N, Mohammad N. Accelerating Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion using Fixed Twin Block Appliances. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:146-150. [PMID: 29991869 PMCID: PMC6034051 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with class II malocclusion generally seek orthodontic treatment for esthetic concern. Various myo-functionl appliances can be used for the treatment of skeletal as well as the dental malocclusion in a growing patient. Among various functional appliances, twin block appliance is most commonly used due to better patient compliances. It redirects the mandibular growth to correct the maxillomandibular relationship, enhancing facial esthet ics. This article presents a modified design of the twin block appliance which is less bulky, more esthetic, can be used concurrently with fixed orthodontic appliance, and is easily accepted by uncooperative patients. Case summary An 11-year-old-boy, who presented himself with a skeletal class II malocclusion, was treated with simultaneous use of fixed twin block along with fixed orthodontic appliance to correct both the skeletal and dental malocclusion. The twin block design was modified to have a better compatibility with the fixed orthodontic appliance. How to cite this article: Pattanaik S, Puvvula N, Mohammad N. Accelerating Treatment of Skeletal Class II Malocclusion using Fixed Twin Block Appliances. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(2):146-150.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Pattanaik
- Reader, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Navya Puvvula
- Reader, Department of Orthodontics, Gitam Dental College & Hospital Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Noorjahan Mohammad
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Mamata Dental College Khammam, Telangana, India
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A Suyash I, Bhatia R. A Case of Painless Excision. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:135-140. [PMID: 29991867 PMCID: PMC6034050 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue lesions of the oral cavity are seen in children at the dental office. This case report aims to showcase the ability of laser to treat recurrent soft tissue lesions in the oral cavity in a painless manner. This painless procedure provides relief to the child and parent who suffer from anxiety toward dental treatment. How to cite this article: Suyash IA, Bhatia R. A Case of Painless Excision. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(2):135-140.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita A Suyash
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D Y Patil School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rupinder Bhatia
- Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D Y Patil School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Mohammad Z, Bagalkotkar A, Mishra A, Veerala G. Customized Hybrid Bluegrass Appliance: An Innovative Technique. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:141-145. [PMID: 29991868 PMCID: PMC6034056 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral habits in the form of thumb sucking and tongue thrusting are commonly learned patterns of behavior seen in preschool children and they are associated with anxiety, fear, hunger, oral pressure, and sleep. Chronic practice can cause dentoalveolar, perioral problems, and atypical root resorption (ARR) of anterior primary teeth. The ARR is provoked by the thumb sucking habit, and leads to early loss of anterior primary teeth. The early loss of anterior tooth may result in speech and masticatory problems, and psychological disturbance to the child. Hence, pediatric dentists play a crucial role in giving necessary information to parents and guardians. Starting from counseling to appliance therapy, various treatment modalities have been reported in the literature. One of them is bluegrass appliance; it is a nonpunitive habit reminder therapy. The present case report describes a customized hybrid bluegrass appliance designed to eliminate thumb sucking and tongue thrusting habit, and to perform as an esthetic functional space maintainer. How to cite this article: Mohammad Z, Bagalkotkar A, Mishra A, Veerala G. Customized Hybrid Bluegrass Appliance: An Innovative Technique. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(2):141-145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziauddin Mohammad
- Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Apeksha Bagalkotkar
- Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ashank Mishra
- Associate Professor, Department of Periodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gopi Veerala
- Consultant, Department of Orthodontist, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Modakkallur, Kerala, India
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Chaturvedi Y, Chaturvedy S, Marwah N, Chaturvedi S, Agarwal S, Agarwal N. Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase-Biomarkers of Stress in Children undergoing Extraction: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:214-218. [PMID: 30131644 PMCID: PMC6102441 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The anxiety of dental procedure evokes physiological response in the human body similar to fear. The level of cortisol and alpha-amylase in saliva can be considered as one of the major biomarkers of stress and anxiety. Our study was aimed to correlate the stress and anxiety with the levels of salivary cortisol (SC) and salivary alpha-amylase (SAA) in patients undergoing routine dental extraction. Materials and methods The levels of SC and SAA were assessed pre- and postextraction in the salivary samples of 20 children. Results The values of cortisol and alpha-amylase showed a significant increase postextraction. Conclusion Salivary cortisol and SAA can be considered an important and noninvasive tool for assessment of anxiety, such as dental extraction, in children. Clinical significance Increase in the stress levels of a child in the dental operatory procedures like tooth extraction suggests the use of some behavior modification and shaping techniques by dentists to overcome the anxiety of the child before commencement of the procedure. This can aid in better cooperation of the child during treatment as well as helps in internal motivation toward future dental treatment. How to cite this article: Chaturvedi Y, Chaturvedy S, Marwah N, Chaturvedi S, Agarwal S, Agarwal N. Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase—Biomarkers of Stress in Children undergoing Extraction: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11(3):214-218.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Chaturvedi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Shefali Chaturvedy
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Nikhil Marwah
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Saurabh Chaturvedi
- Reader, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Government Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Swati Agarwal
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Neha Agarwal
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Mahatma Gandhi Dental College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
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Srivastava B, N Devi N, Gupta N, Singh R. Comparative Evaluation of Various Temperature Changes on Stress Distribution in Class II Mesial-occlusal-distal Preparation restored with Different Restorative Materials: A Finite Element Analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:167-170. [PMID: 30131635 PMCID: PMC6102440 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The principal goal of dentistry is to maintain and improve the quality of life of the dental patients. As many of these objectives require the replacement or alterations of the existing tooth structure, the main challenge for centuries has been the development and selection of biocompatible materials that can withstand the unique conditions of the oral environment. Finite element analysis (FEA) is a modern technique of numerical stress analysis that has become a solution to the task of predicting failure due to unknown stresses by showing problem areas in a material and allowing designers to see all of theoretical stresses within. Aims and objectives To evaluate and compare the effect of various temperature changes on the stress distribution, in class II mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavity when restored with different restorative materials, using the finite element method (FEM). Materials and methods Using FEA, various thermal stresses generated in class II MOD lesion using different restorative materials were studied. Results The computer-generated models of intact tooth and teeth restored with the different restorative materials were designed, and thermal stress at different temperatures was observed when subjected to the thermal loads of 5°C, 20°C, 36°C, and 55°C. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that glass ionomer cement (GIC) performed best, followed by intact tooth, composite resin, silver amalgam, and zinc oxide eugenol cement. Conclusion Restoration of class II MOD lesions with materials of lower modulus of elasticity and lower coefficient of thermal expansion will enable better stress distribution. How to cite this article: Srivastava B, Devi NN, Gupta N, Singh R. Comparative Evaluation of Various Temperature Changes on Stress Distribution in Class II Mesial-occlusal-distal Preparation restored with Different Restorative Materials: A Finite Element Analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):167-170.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binita Srivastava
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neorem N Devi
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rashi Singh
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Santosh Dental College and Hospital, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Pachori A, Kambalimath H, Maran S, Niranjan B, Bhambhani G, Malhotra G. Evaluation of Changes in Salivary pH after Intake of Different Eatables and Beverages in Children at Different Time Intervals. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:177-182. [PMID: 30131637 PMCID: PMC6102436 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dissolution of the enamel in the form of erosion has increased due to shift in eating habits toward carbonated drinks like soft drink and chocolates. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the salivary pH after intake of different eatables and beverages in children at different time intervals. Study design Using standard salivary tests, this study was conducted as a case-control study. Fifty children between ages of 8 and 12 years having strict vegetarian diet were included in the study. Materials and methods Oral prophylaxis was done and salivary buffer capacity for stimulated saliva was measured. Before the saliva collection, each of the children was informed not to eat or drink anything for up to 2 hours just before the appointment. Results On pairwise evaluation, all the differences were found to be significant statistically except between baseline vs 30 minutes. Maximum mean difference was calculated and observed between baseline and immediately after intake of fruit juice and immediate after 30 minutes, 0.953 and 0.963 respectively, while minimum difference was calculated and observed between baseline and 30 minutes after intake of fruit juice (0.010). Conclusion Maximum drop was seen in cold drink when compared with fruit juice. The maximum pH increase was observed in cream biscuits with 7.63 ± 0.20. It was observed that in all the groups, the pH gradually got back to near normal levels due to the buffering mechanism of saliva.How to cite this article: Pachori A, Kambalimath H, Maran S, Niranjan B, Bhambhani G, Malhotra G. Evaluation of Changes in Salivary pH after Intake of Different Eatables and Beverages in Children at Different Time Intervals. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):177-182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Pachori
- Postgraduate Student (Final Year), Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Haalaswamy Kambalimath
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Satish Maran
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Babita Niranjan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Bhambhani
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Peoples College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Malhotra
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maharana Pratap College of Dental Sciences, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh India
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Bhatia R, C Vora E, Panda A. Pediatric Dental Appointments No-show: Rates and Reasons. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:171-176. [PMID: 30131636 PMCID: PMC6102432 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To determine the frequency and reasons of missed and canceled pediatric dental appointments and identifying the factors associated with it among the patients visiting the pediatric dental clinic of the dental college in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. To assess the parents' perception regarding the treatment of their children and to explore the merit of different management strategies regarding the missed appointments. Materials and methods Self-administered questionnaires were handed over to the parents in the waiting area, whose children were undergoing treatment in the pediatric dental clinic. Questionnaire included questions pertaining to the sociodemo-graphic characteristics, methods of remembering appointments, and satisfaction with the overall past clinic experience. Results Of the 294 surveyed sample, 52.0% stated that they have missed an appointment. Highest percentage of the patients had missed due to parents' forgetfulness and patient's exams; 52.0% relied on their memory to remember their appointments, and 44.5% used their diaries and mobiles as a means of reminders. For canceling an appointment, most of them stated that patient was unwell and parents' commitments toward other work led to an increase in rates of no-shows. Socioeconomic status and the methods of remembering the appointment date were found to be significantly correlated with missing an appointment among the surveyed sample (p < 0.05); 48.3% said that they would want a call from the dentist a day prior to their appointment as a reminder. Conclusion Around one half of the patients attending the pediatric dental clinic missed their appointments. Patients most likely to fail to keep an appointment was the one who was young, remembered appointment via memory, came from a high socioeconomic class, most of them were males, and had previously broken appointments, while patients preferred receiving a call from the dentist as a reminder aide. Clinical significance Missing appointment creates a series of problems. Firstly, it deprives another patient the opportunity of getting treated. Secondly, it contributes to the development of long waiting list for dental services. Thirdly, it affects the patient's treatment time and may cause increase in the dental emergencies leading to a disruption in the doctor-patient relationship and behavioral management problems.How to cite this article: Bhatia R, Vora EC, Panda A. Pediatric Dental Appointments No-show: Rates and Reasons. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):171-176.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupinder Bhatia
- Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D. Y. Patil School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Esha C Vora
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D. Y. Patil School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anup Panda
- Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, D. Y. Patil School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Aggarwal A, M Pai K. Orofacial Manifestations of Leukemic Children on Treatment: A Descriptive Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:193-198. [PMID: 30131640 PMCID: PMC6102430 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To study the prevalence of orofacial manifestations in leukemic children undergoing treatment and to correlate these manifestations with various stages of chemotherapy. Materials and methods A prospective noninvasive study comprising 43 acute lymphocytic leukemic pediatric patients at various stages of therapy. They were examined on day of their each blood examination, and lesions were recorded on a self-designed pro forma. A total of 133 observations were recorded by a single observer. The treatment was divided into the phase of induction, consolidation, maintenance, and relapse. Results The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 10.1. There were 24 males and 19 females in this study, aged between 3 and 13 years. The common oral lesions seen were dental caries, lymphadenopathy (86.04%), pallor (65.11%), ulcers (13.95%), mucositis (16.27%), gingival enlargement, hemorrhages (20.93%), candidiasis, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, xerostomia (44.18%), paresthesia, and tooth mobility. Herpes simplex virus infection was seen only during induction and consolidation phases. Ulcers were seen during all phases of therapy. Clinical significance Orofacial manifestations may be seen as the first sign of leukemia and a dentist may play a significant role in the diagnosis of the disease per se. This study highlights not only about commonly occurring lesions but also their variation during various phases of therapy. To the best of our knowledge, no study has such an extensive reporting of orofacial manifestations of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients under treatment. How to cite this article: Aggarwal A, Pai KM. Orofacial Manifestations of Leukemic Children on Treatment: A Descriptive Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):193-198.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Aggarwal
- Reader, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sri Ganganagar Rajasthan, India
| | - Keerthilatha M Pai
- Professor and Dean, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Gupta R, Madan M, Dua P, Saini S, Mangla R, Kainthla T, Dupper A. Comparative Evaluation of Microhardness by Common Drinks on Esthetic Restorative Materials and Enamel: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:155-160. [PMID: 30131633 PMCID: PMC6102431 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study was aimed to evaluate effects of various beverages on microhardness of esthetic restorative materials. Materials and methods A total of 160 disk-like specimens were prepared with 40 specimens each using nanocomposite resin, nano-ionomer, compomer, and conventional composite resin as experimental groups. Forty primary teeth were prepared and mounted in acrylic to be used as control group. Microhardness of the restorative materials was measured using Vickers microhardness tester at baseline and after immersion in various beverages. The difference between the two readings was evaluated within different groups. Results In general, low pH beverages adversely affected the properties of the tested materials. Microhardness of tested materials was significantly decreased after immersion in various beverages with the exception of Yakult. After the immersion period, the enamel showed the maximum loss in microhardness followed by nano-ionomer. Conclusion Low pH beverages were the most aggressive media for enamel, nano-ionomer and compomer, but in contrast, composite resin was relatively less affected. Probiotic drink appeared relatively benign toward the tested materials. How to cite this article: Gupta R, Madan M, Dua P, Saini S, Mangla R, Kainthla T, Dupper A. Comparative Evaluation of Microhardness by Common Drinks on Esthetic Restorative Materials and Enamel: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):155-160.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roli Gupta
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Manish Madan
- Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Parminder Dua
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Sheeba Saini
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Ritu Mangla
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Trilok Kainthla
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Paonta Sahib, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Akash Dupper
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Yamuna Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Gadholi Haryana, India
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Mello B, C Stafuzza T, Vitor L, Rios D, Silva T, Machado M, M Oliveira T. Evaluation of Dentin-Pulp Complex Response after Conservative Clinical Procedures in Primary Teeth. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:188-192. [PMID: 30131639 PMCID: PMC6102443 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although selective caries tissue removal decreases the number and diversity of bacteria, stops the caries process, and reduces the risk of pulp exposure, the studies on the minimally removal of caries tissue are limited and further clinical research is necessary in this field. Aim This study aimed to evaluate through clinical and radiographic assessments the in vivo response of the dentin-pulp complex of human deciduous teeth after either partial or total caries removal (TCR). Materials and methods A total of 49 deciduous molars of children aged between 5 and 9 years were carefully selected. The teeth were divided into two groups: Group I: Partial removal of caries; group II: Total removal of caries. Clinical and radiographic evaluations were performed during the period of 4 to 6 months after the procedure. The intraexam-iner reproducibility was determined by Kappa test. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the statistical difference between groups. Results All teeth showed clinical success during the 4- to 6-month evaluation period. The radiographic evaluation showed 94.2 and 89.6% of success rate in groups I and II respectively. Radiographic results did not show statistically significant differences between the studied groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion The partial caries removal (PCR) showed satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes, suggesting that this minimally invasive approach might replace the TCR when correctly indicated. How to cite this article: Mello B, Stafuzza TC, Vitor L, Rios D, Silva T, Machado M, Oliveira TM. Evaluation of Dentin-Pulp Complex Response after Conservative Clinical Procedures in Primary Teeth. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):188-192.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Mello
- PhD Student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tassia C Stafuzza
- PhD Student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Vitor
- PhD Student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rios
- Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Silva
- Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Machado
- Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais M Oliveira
- Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Chhonkar A, Gupta A, Arya V. Comparison of Vitamin D Level of Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries and Children with No Caries. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:199-204. [PMID: 30131641 PMCID: PMC6102444 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the levels of vitamin D in children with severe early childhood caries (SECC) and children without caries and to determine the association of vitamin D deficiency and SECC. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 children each from case (with caries) and control group (without caries) of age between 3 and 6 years were selected from the Department of Pedo-dontics and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram. Caries status of the children was recorded using decayed, extracted, and filled teeth (deft) index. Blood samples for serum 25(OH) vitamin D were taken from each child. All the data collected were compiled and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. RESULTS Case group has mean serum 25(OH) vitamin D level of 12.19 ng/mL [4.37 standard deviation (SD), 95% confidence interval of 10.5-13.8] and control group has mean serum 25(OH) vitamin D level of 20.11 ng/mL (4.12 SD, 95% confidence interval of 18.56-21.65). When the mean levels of serum 25(OH) vitamin D were compared between case and control groups, there was a statistically significant difference (p-value <0.0001). Simple linear regression in case group shows statistically significant inverse correlation between vitamin D levels and SECC (p-value<0.0001). CONCLUSION Our results showed that vitamin D deficiency is risk factor both for incidence of dental caries and for its severity in children. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Vitamin D deficiency is an important modifiable risk factor for dental caries in children. Hence, by supplementing vitamin D in children and preventing the deficiency of vitamin D, dental caries can be prevented.How to cite this article: Chhonkar A, Gupta A, Arya V. Comparison of Vitamin D Level of Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries and Children with No Caries. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):199-204.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Chhonkar
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary Dental College Hospital & Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Gupta
- Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana India
| | - Vishal Arya
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, Haryana India
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de Sá Cavalcante D, Fonteles CS, Ribeiro TR, Kurita LM, Pimenta AVM, Sr Carvalho F, Wg Costa F. Mandibular Regional Odontodysplasia in an 8-year-old Boy showing Teeth Disorders, Gubernaculum Tracts, and Altered Bone Fractal Pattern. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:128-134. [PMID: 29991866 PMCID: PMC6034052 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Regional odontodysplasia (RO) is a rare nonhereditary developmental condition usually affecting maxilla and female patients. A few number of articles have used the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to describe imaging findings in RO. Thus, this article aims to report unusual imaging findings in a Brazilian child who presented with mandibular RO. A healthy 8-year-old boy was referred for evaluation of an anterior mandibular gingival enlargement. Radiographically, all right mandibular teeth showed wide pulp chambers and shortened roots with thin dentinal walls and open apices, featuring a “ghost teeth“ appearance, which indicated a diagnosis of RO. Missing teeth and altered radiopacity were observed. Cone beam computed tomography provided great insight into RO, allowing to identify gubernaculum tracts (GTs) associated with RO teeth. Fractal analysis of the bone surrounding RO teeth revealed an altered trabecular pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi de Sá Cavalcante
- Postgraduate Student, Division of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Sr Fonteles
- Associate Professor, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Thyciana R Ribeiro
- Adjunct Professor, Division of Special Needs in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lúcio M Kurita
- Adjunct Professor, Division of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alynne Vde M Pimenta
- Adjunct Professor, Division of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Francisco Sr Carvalho
- Postgraduate Student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Fábio Wg Costa
- Adjunct Professor, Division of Oral Radiology, Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Ilha MC, Kramer PF, Ferreira SH, Ruschel HC. Pre-emptive Intracoronal Radiolucency in First Permanent Molar. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:151-154. [PMID: 29991870 PMCID: PMC6034043 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eruptive intracoronal radiolucency (PECR) is characterized by the existence of a radiographic radiolucent area inside the coronal dentin prior to dental eruption. It is a rare clinical entity of unknown etiology, usually asymptomatic and diagnosed through routine radiographs. The aim of this article is to report the treatment of a PECR in an 8-year-old girl. Surgical procedure to expose the crown was conducted; upon tooth eruption, the radiolucent lesion was accessed and the tooth was restored. The case has an 18-month follow-up and emphasis on aspects linked to diagnosis and clinical approach was discussed. How to cite this article: Ilha MC, Kramer PF, Ferreira SH, Ruschel HC. Pre-eruptive Intracoronal Radiolucency in First Permanent Molar. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(2):151-154.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Ilha
- PhD Student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo F Kramer
- Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone H Ferreira
- Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique C Ruschel
- Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Gumussoy I, Miloglu O, Cankaya E, Bayrakdar IS. Fractal properties of the trabecular pattern of the mandible in chronic renal failure. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2017; 45:20150389. [PMID: 27091088 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20150389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate fractal analysis as a tool to quantitatively determine the mandibular trabecular bone changes in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). METHODS In the present study, fractal analysis was performed using ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) program with box-counting method over panoramic radiographs of 25 patients (14 females and 11 males) with CRF and 26 healthy individuals (14 females and 12 males) as a control group. The fractal dimension (FD) values of the patients and healthy individuals were compared. In addition, average biochemical parameters [parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), product of Ca and P levels (CaxP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), vitamin D] of the patients with CRF, as measured during the 3 months before the panoramic radiographs, were compared with FD values. RESULTS According to the results, FD values of the patients with CRF were found to be statistically lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The average PTH levels of the patients with CRF were 416.16 ± 310.3 pg ml(-1); average Ca levels were 8.94 ± 1.2 mg dl(-1); average P levels were 5.76 ± 1.7 mg dl(-1); average CaxP values were 51.12 ± 15.03; average ALP levels were 83.44 ± 36.8 U l(-1); and the average vitamin D values were 19.43 ± 9.7 ng ml(-1). In addition, there was no significant correlation between FD values and the biochemical parameters of the patients, and there was no correlation between age, gender and FD. CONCLUSIONS The FD values of the patients with CRF were lower than those of the controls. This finding suggests that FD analysis might be a promising simple and cost-effective tool for evaluating trabecular bone structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Gumussoy
- 1 Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Ozkan Miloglu
- 2 Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Erdem Cankaya
- 3 Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim S Bayrakdar
- 4 Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Arsan B, Köse TE, Çene E, Özcan İ. Assessment of the trabecular structure of mandibular condyles in patients with temporomandibular disorders using fractal analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 123:382-391. [PMID: 28110941 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) using fractal analysis. STUDY DESIGN A total of 100 patients ages 18 to 73 years were clinically assessed using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The control group was age- and sex-matched with the patient group. Panoramic radiographs were obtained using a Kodak 8000 digital device with 73 kVp and 5 mA fixed parameters. The degree of degeneration in the mandibular condyles was calculated. Regions of interest (84 × 84 pixels) were selected within the cortical boundary of the mandibular condyle, and the fractal dimension (FD) was calculated using ImageJ version 1.48. RESULTS Radiographic degenerative changes were more frequently present and more severe in the patient group (P < .001). The mean value of FD was 1.22 ± 0.06 in the patient group and 1.25 ± 0.06 in the control group (P = .001). A significant decrease in FD was observed (P = .001) in the left temporomandibular joints of the patient group, whereas a nonsignificant decrease in FD was observed in the right temporomandibular joints (P = .073) as degenerative changes increased. CONCLUSIONS Lower FD values were associated with more severe degenerative changes in the patient group. The trabecular structure of condyles in patients with TMD exhibited decreased complexity when erosive and sclerotic changes were evident. As a result, fractal analysis enhanced the use of panoramic radiography in detecting degenerative changes in patients with TMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belde Arsan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Taha Emre Köse
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erhan Çene
- Department of Statistics, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İlknur Özcan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Platelet-rich fibrin: the benefits. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:57-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Leite AF, de Souza Figueiredo PT, Caracas H, Sindeaux R, Guimarães ATB, Lazarte L, de Paula AP, de Melo NS. Systematic review with hierarchical clustering analysis for the fractal dimension in assessment of skeletal bone mineral density using dental radiographs. Oral Radiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-014-0188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zeytinoğlu M, İlhan B, Dündar N, Boyacioğlu H. Fractal analysis for the assessment of trabecular peri-implant alveolar bone using panoramic radiographs. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:519-24. [PMID: 24802628 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is no consensus on the relationship between fractal dimension and trabecular bone complexity. Our aims were to examine the changes in fractal dimension (FD) from peri-implant alveolar bone on digital panoramic radiographs 6 and 12 months after prosthodontic loading and to compare these with baseline values calculated just after loading. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three panoramic radiographs taken from 76 implant patients taken (1) after prosthodontic loading (3 months ± 2 weeks after insertion = baseline), (2) 6 months ± 2 weeks after loading, and (3) 12 months ±2 weeks after loading were considered for the study. Panoramic images were obtained using storage phosphor plates of the Digora PCT system and saved into a computer. Three regions of interest from mesial, distal, and apical areas were selected for each implant on three consecutive panoramic images. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA, independent t test and paired t test, and pairwise comparisons (P < 0.05). RESULTS Mean FD values at baseline were 1.202, 1.224, and 1.199 for apical, mesial, and distal areas. The FD values were calculated as 1.121, 1.113, and 1.128 at the 6th month. The differences between values calculated at baseline and the 6th month were statistically significant for all aspects, indicating a significant decrease in FD 6 months after prosthodontic loading (P < 0.05). FD values calculated at the 12th month were 1.121, 1.110, and 1.121 for apical, mesial, and distal aspects, respectively, with no significant differences from corresponding values obtained at the 6th month (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS FD values of trabecular bone around implants 6 months after prosthodontic loading are significantly lower than the baseline values. However, no significant decrease or increase was observed at 12 months, which revealed comparable results with peri-implant alveolar bone at 6 months. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Trabecular bone around successful dental implants exhibits lower fractal dimension values 6 months after prosthodontic loading and displays stable bony microstructure at 12 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Zeytinoğlu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
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Sindeaux R, Figueiredo PTDS, de Melo NS, Guimarães ATB, Lazarte L, Pereira FB, de Paula AP, Leite AF. Fractal dimension and mandibular cortical width in normal and osteoporotic men and women. Maturitas 2013; 77:142-8. [PMID: 24289895 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify whether fractal dimensions (FD) on the mandibular trabecular and cortical bone and mandibular cortical width (MCW) differ between patients with normal bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis. STUDY DESIGN In this retrospective study, 133 dental panoramic radiographs from men aged >60 years and postmenopausal women with a bone densitometry report of the lumbar spine and hip classified as either normal or osteoporotic were selected. Fractal dimensions of five standardized trabecular and cortical mandibular regions of interest and mandibular cortical width were measured on the panoramic radiographs by an experienced oral radiologist, blinded to the densitometric diagnosis. The following statistical analyses were performed: ANOVA and a forward logistic stepwise regression to verify associations between dental panoramic measurements and the densitometric diagnosis. P values less than .05 indicated statistical significance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Fractal dimension and mandibular cortical width. RESULTS Differences were found in the FD values on mandibular cortical bone and MCW between patients with normal BMD and with osteoporosis, but not in the FD values of trabecular bone. The odds of having lower mean values of MCW and FD on cortical bone were 2.16, 3125 and 1005 times in osteoporotic patients, respectively, compared with patients with normal BMD. CONCLUSION The values of FD analysis on mandibular cortical bone and MCW were lower in women with osteoporosis. A well-adjusted logistic regression model showed that cortical bone measurements might be considered as auxiliary tools to referring patients for DXA exam.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nilce Santos de Melo
- Oral Pathology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - André Ferreira Leite
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Brazil.
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Koh KJ, Park HN, Kim KA. Prediction of age-related osteoporosis using fractal analysis on panoramic radiographs. Imaging Sci Dent 2012; 42:231-5. [PMID: 23301209 PMCID: PMC3534177 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2012.42.4.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate the trabecular pattern on panoramic radiographs to predict age-related osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one postmenopausal osteoporotic women and 25 postmenopausal healthy women between the ages of 50 and 88 were enrolled in this study. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae and femur were calculated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and panoramic radiographs were obtained. Fractal dimension (FD) was measured using the box counting method from 560 regions of interest (51×51 pixels) in 6 sites on the panoramic radiographs. The relationships between age and BMD and between FD and BMD were assessed, and the intraobserver agreement was determined. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the FD values between the osteoporotic and normal groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the FD values at three sites in the jaws (p<0.05). Age was significantly correlated with the BMD measurements, with an odds ratio of 1.25. However, the FD values were not significantly correlated with the BMD measurements, with an odds ratio of 0.000. The intraobserver agreement showed relatively higher correlation coefficients at the upper premolar, lower premolar, and lower anterior regions than the other sites. CONCLUSION Age was an important risk factor for predicting the presence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The lower premolar region was the most appropriate site for evaluating the FD value on panoramic radiographs. However, further investigation might be needed to predict osteoporosis using an FD value on panoramic radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Joon Koh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, and Institute of Oral Bio Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Ha-Na Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, and Institute of Oral Bio Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kyoung-A Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, and Institute of Oral Bio Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
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Baksi BG, Fidler A. Fractal analysis of periapical bone from lossy compressed radiographs: a comparison of two lossy compression methods. J Digit Imaging 2012; 24:993-8. [PMID: 21465294 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-011-9383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of two lossy image compression methods on fractal dimension (FD) calculation. Ten periapical images of the posterior teeth with no restorations or previous root canal therapy were obtained using storage phosphor plates and were saved in TIF format. Then, all images were compressed with lossy JPEG and JPEG2000 compression methods at five compression levels, i.e., 90, 70, 50, 30, and 10. Compressed file sizes from all images and compression ratios were calculated. On each image, two regions of interest (ROIs) containing healthy trabecular bone in the posterior periapical area were selected. The FD of each ROI on the original and compressed images was calculated using differential box counting method. Both image compression and analysis were performed by a public domain software. Altogether, the FD of 220 ROIs was calculated. FDs were compared using ANOVA and Dunnett tests. The FD decreased gradually with compression level. A statistically significant decrease of the FD values was found for JPEG 10, JPEG2000 10, and JPEG2000 30 compression levels (p < 0.05). At comparable file sizes, the JPEG induced a smaller FD difference. In conclusion, lossy compressed images with appropriate compression level may be used for FD calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Güniz Baksi
- School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Amer ME, Heo MS, Brooks SL, Benavides E. Anatomical variations of trabecular bone structure in intraoral radiographs using fractal and particles count analyses. Imaging Sci Dent 2012; 42:5-12. [PMID: 22474642 PMCID: PMC3314838 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2012.42.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to evaluate possible variations in maxillary and mandibular bone texture of normal population using the fractal analysis, particles count, and area fraction in intraoral radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Periapical radiographs of patients who had full mouth intraoral radiographs were collected. Regions of interest (100×100 pixels) were located between the teeth of the maxillary anterior, premolar, and molar area, as well as the mandibular anterior, premolar, and molar areas. The fractal dimension (FD) was calculated by using the box counting method. The particle count (PC) and area fraction (AF) analyses were also performed. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the FD values among the different groups of age, gender, upper, and lower jaws. The mean FD value was 1.49±0.01. The mean PC ranged from 44 to 54, and the mean AF ranged from 10.92 to 11.85. The values of FD, PC, and AF were significantly correlated with each other except for the upper molar area. CONCLUSION According to the results, patients with normal trabecular pattern showed a FD of approximately 1.5. Based on these results, further investigation would be recommended if the FD value of patient significantly differenct from this number, since the alteration of this value indicates microstructural modification of trabecular pattern of the jaws. Additionally, with periapical radiographs, simple and cost-effective, PC and AF could be used to assess the deviation from the normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Eshak Amer
- Department of Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, El Menia, Egypt
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Sansare K, Singh D, Karjodkar F. Changes in the fractal dimension on pre- and post-implant panoramic radiographs. Oral Radiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-011-0075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fractals in dentistry. J Dent 2011; 39:273-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2010; 17:568-80. [PMID: 21030841 DOI: 10.1097/med.0b013e328341311d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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