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Burkett BJ, Rasmussen CM, Fillmore WJ, McDonald JS, McDonald RJ, Fagan AJ, Erdahl SA, Eckdahl SJ, Welker KM. No Increased Mercury Release from Dental Restorations at 1.5T, 3T, or 7T MRI. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:660-669. [PMID: 37755142 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dental amalgam contains mercury and is commonly used in dental restorations. The impact of MRI on mercury excretion from dental amalgam is not well understood across clinical field strengths, especially 7T. We investigated the effects of MRI exposure on mercury excretion using fresh, lab-created dental amalgam restorations and in extracted teeth with old, pre-existing restorations. METHODS Donated, unfilled human teeth (n = 120) were restored with amalgam before being stored in saline, artificial saliva, or a dry box prior to MRI scanning. The teeth were placed in individual tubes of fresh artificial saliva and scanned at 1.5T, 3T, or 7T or left unscanned as controls. Mercury concentrations were measured 24-30 h later. Donated teeth with pre-existing restorations (n = 40) were stored in artificial saliva, scanned at 7T or left unscanned as controls, and mercury concentration tested. RESULTS For teeth extracted and restored in a laboratory, no significant difference was found (F = 2.42, P = 0.072) between mean mercury concentrations of unscanned teeth (13.72 μg/L) and teeth scanned at 1.5T (10.88 μg/L), 3T (12.65 μg/L), or 7T (8.88 μg/L). For teeth extracted with previously placed restorations, no significant difference (P = 0.288) was found between unscanned controls (4.28 μg/L) and teeth scanned at 7T (6.63 μg/L). CONCLUSION MRI of dental amalgam does not significantly increase mercury excretion at 1.5T, 3T, or 7T compared to unscanned teeth. This holds true for controlled laboratory restorations as well as for those placed and lived with prior to extraction and scanning, demonstrating no added risk to the clinical patient or research subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Burkett
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Chad M Rasmussen
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Dental Specialties, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - W Jonathan Fillmore
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dental Specialties, Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew J Fagan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sarah A Erdahl
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Steven J Eckdahl
- Department of Lab Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kirk M Welker
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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2
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Effects of magnetic resonance imaging on the microleakage of five restorative materials: An in vitro study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 132:239-246. [PMID: 33281043 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the effects of 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the microleakage of 5 restorative materials. METHODS In total, 100 maxillary molars were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n = 20) for restoration with 5 different materials: amalgam, light-cured glass-ionomer cement, feldspathic porcelain fused to metal, pressed lithium disilicate glass ceramic, and composite resin. In each group, 10 specimens were subjected to MRI, and 10 specimens served as controls with no MRI exposure. Standardized class V cavities were prepared with occlusal margins terminating in enamel and gingival margins terminating in dentin. Microleakage penetration at the enamel and dentin margins was calculated for each group. A chi-square test was used for intergroup comparisons. Statistical significance was established at P < .05. RESULTS Microleakage penetration did not differ significantly between specimens subjected to MRI and the controls for any restoration (P ≥ .362 for the enamel margin, P ≥ .067 for the dentin margin) or between specimens treated with different restorative materials (P ≥ .355). No significant differences in microleakage were discovered between the enamel and dentin margins of any of the restorative groups (P ≥ .236). CONCLUSION MRI had no effect on the microleakage of the 5 restorative materials.
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Makanjuola JO, Umesi DC, Ndukwe AN, Enone LL, Sotunde OA, Omo JO, Idon PI, Alalade O, Adebayo GE, Ekowmwnhenhen UI, Arotiba GT. Managing the phase-down of amalgam amongst Nigerian dental professionals and students: A national survey. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2020; 24:666-678. [PMID: 32534475 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amalgam is one of the most reliable dental restorative materials. Health and environmental concerns associated with the mercury content of amalgam have necessitated an amalgam phase-down in clinical practice. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the level of awareness and preparedness for the planned amalgam phase-down recommended by the Minamata Convention amongst Nigerian dental students and dentists. METHODS This cross-sectional national survey was performed across all geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Data regarding awareness, practice and level of preparedness for amalgam phase-down were obtained using a questionnaire that was distributed amongst clinical dental students and dentists of different cadres, who routinely place dental restorations, in public and private practice. The questionnaires were administered online or were hand delivered. Data were analysed using the chi-square test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Notably, 845 dental students and dentists participated in the survey. Mean age (±standard deviation) of participants was 30.15 ± 7.67 years, 33.8% were students, and 66.2% were dentists (most dentists [77.1%] were employed at public hospitals). A significant percentage of respondents had poor knowledge of the Minamata Convention (87.7%) and lacked training in the use of alternatives to amalgam (72.0%). Amalgam continues to be commonly used by 39.1% and 31.3% of dental students and dentists, respectively. Only 4.7% of the respondents admitted to following good amalgam phase-down practices. Awareness (P = 0.013) and amalgam phase-down practices (P = 0.011) were significantly higher amongst dentists than amongst dental students. CONCLUSION We observed low levels of awareness regarding the Minamata Convention, amalgam phase-down, mercury hygiene practices and training in alternatives to amalgam use amongst Nigerian dental professionals and students.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Makanjuola
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Donna C Umesi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Anne N Ndukwe
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Lillian L Enone
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olawale A Sotunde
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Julie O Omo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo, Nigeria
| | - Paul I Idon
- Department of Dental Surgery, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria
| | - Olusegun Alalade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Gbenga E Adebayo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria
| | - Uyi I Ekowmwnhenhen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Godwin T Arotiba
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
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4
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The effect of 1.5 T and 3 T magnetic resonance imaging on microleakage of amalgam restorations. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:1878-1883. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Mortazavi SMJ, Dehghani Nazhvani A, Paknahad M. Synergistic Effect of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields of Dental Light Cure Devices and Mobile Phones Accelerates the Microleakage of Amalgam Restorations: An in vitro Study. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:227-232. [PMID: 31214528 PMCID: PMC6538905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that exposure to electromagnetic fields produced by magnetic resonance imaging or mobile phones can lead to increased microleakage of dental amalgam. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of electromagnetic field of a commercial dental light cure device and a common GSM mobile phone on microleakage of amalgam restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Identical class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 60 non-carious extracted human teeth. The samples were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 samples each. The samples in the first group were not exposed to electromagnetic fields, while the second and the third groups were exposed to electromagnetic fields produced by a commercial light cure device, or mobile phone radiation (60 min), respectively. The fourth group was exposed to electromagnetic radiations emitted by both mobile phone for 60 min and light cure device. Then, teeth samples were scored for microleakage according to a standard dye penetration protocol by examination under a stereomicroscope. RESULTS The mean score of microleakage in the fourth group (light cure + mobile phone) was significantly higher than that of the control group (P =0.030). Moreover, the scores of microleakage in this group were significantly higher than that of the second group (light cure only) (P= 0.043). CONCLUSION Exposure of amalgam restorations to electromagnetic fields produced by both light cure devices and mobile phones can synergistically increase the microleakage of amalgam restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medical Physics and Medical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Dehghani Nazhvani
- Biomaterial Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - M Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
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6
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G. Ex Vivo Mercury Release from Dental Amalgam. Radiology 2018; 289:273-274. [PMID: 30179106 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018181576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Biophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St, Milwaukee, WI 53211
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran †
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Yilmaz S, Adisen MZ. Ex Vivo Mercury Release from Dental Amalgam after 7.0-T and 1.5-T MRI. Radiology 2018; 288:799-803. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2018172597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selmi Yilmaz
- From the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, P.K. 10 Dumlupinar Bulvari Kampus, 07058 Konyaalti/Antalya, Turkey (S.Y.); and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey (M.Z.A.)
| | - M. Zahit Adisen
- From the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, P.K. 10 Dumlupinar Bulvari Kampus, 07058 Konyaalti/Antalya, Turkey (S.Y.); and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey (M.Z.A.)
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Chockattu SJ, Suryakant DB, Thakur S. Unwanted effects due to interactions between dental materials and magnetic resonance imaging: a review of the literature. Restor Dent Endod 2018; 43:e39. [PMID: 30483463 PMCID: PMC6237727 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2018.43.e39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an advanced diagnostic tool used in both medicine and dentistry. Since it functions based on a strong uniform static magnetic field and radiofrequency pulses, it is advantageous over imaging techniques that rely on ionizing radiation. Unfortunately, the magnetic field and radiofrequency pulses generated within the magnetic resonance imager interact unfavorably with dental materials that have magnetic properties. This leads to unwanted effects such as artifact formation, heat generation, and mechanical displacement. These are a potential source of damage to the oral tissue surrounding the affected dental materials. This review aims to compile, based on the current available evidence, recommendations for dentists and radiologists regarding the safety and appropriate management of dental materials during MRI in patients with orthodontic appliances, maxillofacial prostheses, dental implants, direct and indirect restorative materials, and endodontic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Jose Chockattu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College & Hospital, Davangere, KA, India
| | - Deepak Byathnal Suryakant
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, MN, India
| | - Sophia Thakur
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Bapuji Dental College & Hospital, Davangere, KA, India
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9
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Mortazavi G, Mortazavi SAR, Mehdizadeh AR. "Triple M" Effect: A Proposed Mechanism to Explain Increased Dental Amalgam Microleakage after Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation. J Biomed Phys Eng 2018; 8:141-146. [PMID: 29732349 PMCID: PMC5928305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A large body of evidence now indicates that the amount of mercury released from dental amalgam fillings can be significantly accelerated by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) such as common mobile phones and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Studies performed on the increased microleakage of dental amalgam restorations after exposure to RF-EMFs have further supported these findings. Although the accelerated microleakage induced by RF-EMFs is clinically significant, the entire mechanisms of this phenomenon are not clearly understood. In this paper, we introduce "Triple M" effect, a new evidence-based theory which can explain the accelerated microleakage of dental amalgam fillings after exposure to different sources of electromagnetic radiation. Based on this theory, there are saliva-filled tiny spaces between amalgam and the tooth. Exposure of the oral cavity to RF-EMFs increases the energy of these small amounts of saliva. Due to the small mass of saliva in these tiny spaces, a small amount of energy will be required for heating. Moreover, reflection of the radiofrequency radiation on the inner walls of the tiny spaces causes interference which in turn produces some "hot spots" in these spaces. Finally, formation of gas bubbles in response to increased temperature and very rapid expansion of these bubbles will accelerate the microleakage of amalgam. Experiments that confirm the validity of this theory are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gh Mortazavi
- Dentist, Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S A R Mortazavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A R Mehdizadeh
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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10
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G. Re: Blood mercury concentration in relation to metabolic and weight phenotypes using the KNHANES 2011-2013 data. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2017; 91:247. [PMID: 29273973 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-017-1285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Genchi G, Sinicropi MS, Carocci A, Lauria G, Catalano A. Response to Comment on Giuseppe Genchi et al. Mercury Exposure and Heart Diseases. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 74. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14070761. [PMID: 28704939 PMCID: PMC5551199 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Genchi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza), Italy.
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza), Italy.
| | - Alessia Carocci
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Graziantonio Lauria
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (Cosenza), Italy.
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Comment on Giuseppe Genchi et al. Mercury Exposure and Heart Diseases. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 74. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E733. [PMID: 28684671 PMCID: PMC5551171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cenchi et al. [1] have recently published an article entitled "Mercury Exposure and Heart Diseases" that is published in Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 74; doi:10.3390/ijerph14010074.[...].
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Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia 19111, PA, USA.
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran.
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran.
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 713451836, Iran.
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13
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Comment on Sundseth et al. Global Sources and Pathways of Mercury in the Context of Human Health. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 105. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14050481. [PMID: 28475133 PMCID: PMC5451932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14050481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Diagnostic Imaging Center, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran.
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 713451836, Iran.
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Mortazavi S, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Phase down of amalgam. Awareness of Minamata convention among Jordanian dentists. Saudi Med J 2017; 38:560. [PMID: 28439610 PMCID: PMC5447221 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2017.5.18119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
[No Abstract Available].
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Mortazavi SAR, Paknahad M. Mercury Human Exposure in Populations Living Around Lake Tana (Ethiopia). Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 176:37-38. [PMID: 27444305 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0809-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S A R Mortazavi
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Quantification of Hg excretion and distribution in biological samples of mercury-dental-amalgam users and its correlation with biological variables. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:8889-8890. [PMID: 28160179 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ghasrodasht Street, Shiraz, 7144833586, Iran.
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Mortazavi S, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Methylmercury Exposure in Women of Childbearing Age and Children. Workplace Health Saf 2017; 65:52. [PMID: 28195829 DOI: 10.1177/2165079916682746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Positive correlation of serum HDL cholesterol with blood mercury concentration in metabolic syndrome Korean men (analysis of KNANES 2008-2010, 2013). J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:1363-1364. [PMID: 27178639 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - G Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Paknahad
- Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ghasrodasht Street, Shiraz, 7144833586, Iran.
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Niraj LK, Patthi B, Singla A, Gupta R, Ali I, Dhama K, Kumar JK, Prasad M. MRI in Dentistry- A Future Towards Radiation Free Imaging - Systematic Review. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZE14-ZE19. [PMID: 27891491 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/19435.8658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), being a technique with huge potential, has become the primary diagnostic investigation for many clinical problems. Its application now has been successfully used in dentistry to maximize the diagnostic certainty. AIM The present review aims to analyze the applicability, feasibility and efficacy of MRI in the field of dentistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was performed in main databases like Pub Med Central, Cochrane Library, Embase and Google Scholar from 1970 up to December 2015. The 2672 titles that appeared, 25 fulfilled the criteria and were included in the review. Two articles were hand searched and three articles through e-mail were also included. RESULTS The review highlights the increasing role of MRI in dentistry. In the available literature, it was found that T1 and T2 weighted images were the acceptable diagnostic images for detection of dental related diseases. CONCLUSION MRI can be used in diagnosis and treatment planning of implants, jaw lesions, diseases of Temporomandibular Joints (TMJ), orthodontic treatment, endodontic treatment etc., to achieve better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lav Kumar Niraj
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Basavaraj Patthi
- Professor and Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Singla
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Gupta
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Irfan Ali
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jishnu Krishna Kumar
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Monika Prasad
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J. College of Dental Sciences and Research , Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Comments on 'Prenatal exposure to dental amalgam and pregnancy outcome' by Lygre and colleagues (2016). Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2016; 44:512-3. [PMID: 27593620 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Paknahad M, Mortazavi SMJ, Shahidi S, Mortazavi G, Haghani M. Effect of radiofrequency radiation from Wi-Fi devices on mercury release from amalgam restorations. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2016; 14:12. [PMID: 27418965 PMCID: PMC4944481 DOI: 10.1186/s40201-016-0253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental amalgam is composed of approximately 50% elemental mercury. Despite concerns over the toxicity of mercury, amalgam is still the most widely used restorative material. Wi-Fi is a rapidly using local area wireless computer networking technology. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates the effect of exposure to Wi-Fi signals on mercury release from amalgam restorations. METHODS Standard class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 20 non-carious extracted human premolars. The teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 10). The control group was stored in non-environment. The specimens in the experimental groups were exposed to a radiofrequency radiation emitted from standard Wi Fi devices at 2.4 GHz for 20 min. The distance between the Wi-Fi router and samples was 30 cm and the router was exchanging data with a laptop computer that was placed 20 m away from the router. The concentration of mercury in the artificial saliva in the groups was evaluated by using a cold-vapor atomic absorption Mercury Analyzer System. The independent t test was used to evaluate any significant differences in mercury release between the two groups. RESULTS The mean (±SD) concentration of mercury in the artificial saliva of the Wi-Fi exposed teeth samples was 0.056 ± .025 mg/L, while it was only 0.026 ± .008 mg/L in the non-exposed control samples. This difference was statistically significant (P =0.009). CONCLUSION Exposure of patients with amalgam restorations to radiofrequency radiation emitted from conventional Wi-Fi devices can increase mercury release from amalgam restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Paknahad
- />Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S. M. J. Mortazavi
- />Medical Physics and Medical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hossein Square, 7134845794 Shiraz, Iran
- />Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shoaleh Shahidi
- />Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- />Biomaterial Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- />Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Haghani
- />Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. A review on the distribution of Hg in the environment and its human health impacts. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 310:278-9. [PMID: 26952085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this letter, we have provided some recommendations on the article by Ki-Hyun Kim et al. that is published in the Journal of Hazardous Materials http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.11.031.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Tangestan Health Network, Busher University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Prenatal low-level mercury exposure and infant neurodevelopment at 12 months in rural northern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:12480-12481. [PMID: 27117146 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6722-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medical Physics Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Mortazavi S, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Dental metal-induced innate reactivity in keratinocytes. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 33:180-1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Comment on "Effect of Mercury Exposure on Renal Function and Hematological Parameters among Artisanal and Smallscale Gold Miners at Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia". J Health Pollut 2016; 6:103. [PMID: 30524790 PMCID: PMC6236552 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-6.10.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- SMJ Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Dentist, Tangestan Health Network, Busher University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mortazavi SMJ, Mortazavi G, Paknahad M. Mercury transmitted from mother’s with amalgam dental fillings to fetus. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:594. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1180359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mortazavi G, Haghani M, Rastegarian N, Zarei S, Mortazavi S. Increased Release of Mercury from Dental Amalgam Fillings due to Maternal Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields as a Possible Mechanism for the High Rates of Autism in the Offspring: Introducing a Hypothesis. J Biomed Phys Eng 2016; 6:41-6. [PMID: 27026954 PMCID: PMC4795328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), factors such as growing electricity demand, ever-advancing technologies and changes in social behaviour have led to steadily increasing exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields. Dental amalgam fillings are among the major sources of exposure to elemental mercury vapour in the general population. Although it was previously believed that low levels are mercury (i.g. release of mercury from dental amalgam) is not hazardous, now numerous data indicate that even very low doses of mercury cause toxicity. There are some evidence indicating that perinatal exposure to mercury is significantly associated with an increased risk of developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, mercury can decrease the levels of neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, noreprenephrine, and acetylcholine in the brain and cause neurological problems. On the other hand, a strong positive correlation between maternal and cord blood mercury levels is found in some studies. We have previously shown that exposure to MRI or microwave radiation emitted by common mobile phones can lead to increased release of mercury from dental amalgam fillings. Moreover, when we investigated the effects of MRI machines with stronger magnetic fields, our previous findings were confirmed. As a strong association between exposure to electromagnetic fields and mercury level has been found in our previous studies, our findings can lead us to this conclusion that maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields in mothers with dental amalgam fillings may cause elevated levels of mercury and trigger the increase in autism rates. Further studies are needed to have a better understanding of the possible role of the increased mercury level after exposure to electromagnetic fields and the rate of autism spectrum disorders in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gh. Mortazavi
- Dentist, Pahlavankoshi Health Center, Ahram Health Network, Busher University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - M. Haghani
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - N. Rastegarian
- Speech Pathology Student, Student Research Committee, School of Rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S. Zarei
- Speech Pathology Student, Student Research Committee, School of Rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S.M.J. Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Professor of Medical Physics, Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mortazavi S. Marine diet and tobacco exposure affects mercury concentrations in pregnant women (I) from Baja California Sur, Mexico. Toxicol Rep 2015; 3:900. [PMID: 28959618 PMCID: PMC5617744 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S.M.J. Mortazavi
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mortazavi SMJ, Paknahad M, Mortazavi G. Effect of Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation On Amalgam, Composite and Zirconomer Based Restorations. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZL01-2. [PMID: 26675448 PMCID: PMC4668544 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/15715.6849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SMJ Mortazavi
- Professor, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mortazavi
- Dentist, Delvar Health Center, Tangestan Health Network, Busher University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Mortazavi SMJ, Paknahad M. Effect of magnetic resonance imaging on microleakage of amalgam restorations: an in vitro study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2015. [PMID: 26224142 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20150187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S M J Mortazavi
- 1 Non-Ionizing Radiation Department, Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,2 Medical Physics and Medical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- 3 Department of Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Mortazavi S, Mortazavi G. Amalgam contact hypersensitivity lesion: an unusual presentation-report of a rare case. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2015; 5:152. [PMID: 25861540 PMCID: PMC4389335 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.153638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Smj Mortazavi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ; Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - G Mortazavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran E-mail:
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Akgun OM, Polat GG, Turan Illca A, Yildirim C, Demir P, Basak F. Does magnetic resonance imaging affect the microleakage of amalgam restorations? IRANIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY : A QUARTERLY JOURNAL PUBLISHED BY THE IRANIAN RADIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2014; 11:e15565. [PMID: 25763074 PMCID: PMC4341166 DOI: 10.5812/iranjradiol.15565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of MRI on microleakage of amalgam restorations is an important health issue that should be considered. If MRI application causes increase of microleakage, amalgam fillings should be reassessed after MRI and replaced if necessary. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to compare the effect of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on microleakage of class II bonded amalgam versus classical amalgam restorations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Class II cavities (3 mm width × 1.5 mm depth) with gingival margins ending 1 mm below the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) were prepared in 40 permanent molar teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into four groups. Cavities in the first and second groups were restored with dentin adhesive and amalgam (bonded amalgam), and those in the third and fourth groups with amalgam only. MRI was performed with the teeth specimens from the first and third groups. All specimens were then thermocycled at 5° to 55° C with a 30-second dwell time for 1000 cycles. The samples were then immersed in 0.5% methylene blue dye for 24 hours and sectioned longitudinally. Dye penetration at the occlusal and gingival margins was quantified by 15× stereomicroscopy. IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 21.0 (IBM Corp., Released 2012., IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) and MS-Excel 2007 programs were used for statistical analyses and calculations. "nparLD" module was used for F2_LD_F1 design analysis at R program. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS In teeth with amalgam filling, there were no significant differences of occlusal and gingival surface microleakage after MRI exposure. Occlusal and gingival surface microleakages were also similar with and without MRI in teeth with bonded amalgam filling. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that MRI does not increase microleakage of amalgam restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Marti Akgun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gulhane Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ahmet Turan Illca
- Department of Radiology, Izmir Mevki Military Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ceren Yildirim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gulhane Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Pervin Demir
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Feridun Basak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gulhane Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey
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Yilmaz S. The safety of high-field MRI? THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 2014; 5:63-4. [PMID: 24747995 PMCID: PMC7767621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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