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Chen B, Li C. The relationship between the articular disc in magnetic resonance imaging and the condyle in cone beam computed tomography: A retrospective study. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:101940. [PMID: 38857693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors retrospectively studied the relationship between the morphology and position of the articular disc in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the morphology and position of the condyle in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), with the purpose for providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS Patients with both CBCT and MRI imaging data were studied retrospectively, excluding TMJ tumour, fracture, severe condylar morphological abnormalities, non-intercuspal position, and poor quality images. A total of 744 temporomandibular joints (TMJs) from 372 patients were included, with the mean age of 25.94±11.04Y (75 males and 297 females). T2-weighted image (T2WI) of MRI imagings were used to evaluate disc morphology and disc displacement, while CBCT was obtained to evaluate the condylar bone and sagittal condylar position. Data were analysed by Pearson Chi square test and Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS THE DISTRIBUTION OF 744 TMJS IS AS FOLLOWS: 1) DISC MORPHOLOGY: contracture (37.1 %) > biconcave (32.9 %) > irregular (18.5 %) > lengthened (11.4 %); 2) disc position: ADDWoR (48.3 %) > NA (26.9 %) > ADDWR (21.6 %) > PDDWR (2.8 %) > PDDWoR (0.4 %); 3) condylar position: concentric (43.7 %) > posterior (37.6 %) > anterior (18.7 %); 4) condylar bone: normal (63.4 %)> abnormal (36.6 %). There were significant differences in the distribution of disc morphology and disc position between the sex (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the distribution of disc position and condylar morphology amongst the age groups (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the distribution of disc position, condylar position and condylar morphology amongst disc morphology (P < 0.05), and there were positive correlation between disc position(r = 0.703, P = 0.000), the score of condyle (r = 0.478, P = 0.000) and disc morphology respectively. There were significant differences in the distribution of disc position and condylar position amongst condylar morphology (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between disc position and condyle morphology (r = 0.413, P = 0.000), and a negative correlation between condyle position and condyle morphology (r=-0.152, P = 0.000). There were significant differences in the distribution of disc position amongst condylar position (P < 0.05), but there was no linear correlation (P = 0.159). CONCLUSIONS The mutual distribution of disc morphology, disc position, condylar morphology and condylar position was statistically significant. Disc displacement did not necessarily lead to condylar bone changes, but 92.7 % TMJs with condylar bone abnormalities had disc displacement. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was retrospectively registered on 28/03/2022 and endorsed by the Ethics committee (LCYJ2022014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benyi Chen
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Chuanjie Li
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China.
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Savoldi F, Dagassan-Berndt D, Patcas R, Mak WS, Kanavakis G, Verna C, Gu M, Bornstein MM. The use of CBCT in orthodontics with special focus on upper airway analysis in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2024; 53:178-188. [PMID: 38265247 PMCID: PMC11003665 DOI: 10.1093/dmfr/twae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Applications of cone-beam CT (CBCT) in orthodontics have been increasingly discussed and evaluated in science and practice over the last two decades. The present work provides a comprehensive summary of current consolidated practice guidelines, cutting-edge innovative applications, and future outlooks about potential use of CBCT in orthodontics with a special focus on upper airway analysis in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. The present scoping review reveals that clinical applications of CBCT in orthodontics are broadly supported by evidence for the diagnosis of dental anomalies, temporomandibular joint disorders, and craniofacial malformations. On the other hand, CBCT imaging for upper airway analysis-including soft tissue diagnosis and airway morphology-needs further validation in order to provide better understanding regarding which diagnostic questions it can be expected to answer. Internationally recognized guidelines for CBCT use in orthodontics are existent, and similar ones should be developed to provide clear indications about the appropriate use of CBCT for upper airway assessment, including a list of specific clinical questions justifying its prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Savoldi
- Orthodontics, Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Dorothea Dagassan-Berndt
- Center for Dental Imaging, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Patcas
- Clinic of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032, Switzerland
| | - Wing-Sze Mak
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Georgios Kanavakis
- Department of Pediatric Oral Health and Orthodontics, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Carlalberta Verna
- Department of Pediatric Oral Health and Orthodontics, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
| | - Min Gu
- Orthodontics, Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, 4058, Switzerland
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Feng JL, Ma RH, Sun LL, Zhao JR, Zhao YP, Li G. Quantitative assessment of condylar bone resorption using fused CBCT images: differentiating and diagnosing three distinct groups based on volume and thickness decrease. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230337. [PMID: 37870149 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the accuracy of fused CBCT images in diagnosing three distinct groups of bone changes characterized by volume and thickness decrease in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJ OA) during follow-up. METHODS In this retrospective study, 109 patients (176 TMJs) with TMJ OA were included. Two consecutive CBCT images for the same patient were registered and fused. Then, three image sets were established: without fusion, fused 2D image, and fused 3D image. Three residents randomly and independently evaluated whether there was condylar resorption with the three image sets respectively. The samples diagnosed as condylar resorption by the expert panel were divided into three subgroups according to the volume and thickness decrease calculated after segmentation. The inter- and intraobserver agreement, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and area under the curve (AUC) evaluated the diagnostic capability for different subgroups. RESULTS For the volume decrease more than 50 mm3 and thickness decrease more than 1 mm groups, the AUC values for fused image sets were higher than those without fusion (p < 0.01). For the volume decrease within 50 mm3 and thickness decrease within 1 mm groups, the AUC values for fused 2D image sets were higher than the image sets without fusion (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the fused 3D image sets and the image sets without fusion (p = 0.48 for volume decrease, p = 0.37 for thickness decrease). CONCLUSIONS The fused images can improve the diagnostic accuracy and repeatability for the samples with at least 50 mm3 volume decrease or 1 mm thickness decrease compared with the image groups without fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ling Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Device & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Han Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Device & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Sun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Device & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Ru Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Device & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Device & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
- Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Device & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
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Orhan K, Sanders A, Ünsal G, Ezhov M, Mısırlı M, Gusarev M, İçen M, Shamshiev M, Keser G, Namdar Pekiner F, Golitsyna M, Önder M, Manulis D, Atakan C. Assessing the reliability of CBCT-based AI-generated STL files in diagnosing osseous changes of the mandibular condyle: a comparative study with ground truth diagnosis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230141. [PMID: 37641960 PMCID: PMC10552125 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the reliability of AI-generated STL files in diagnosing osseous changes of the mandibular condyle and compare them to a ground truth (GT) diagnosis made by six radiologists. METHODS A total of 432 retrospective CBCT images from four universities were evaluated by six dentomaxillofacial radiologists who identified osseous changes such as flattening, erosion, osteophyte formation, bifid condyle formation, and osteosclerosis. All images were evaluated by each radiologist blindly and recorded on a spreadsheet. All evaluations were compared and for the disagreements, a consensus meeting was held online to create a uniform GT diagnosis spreadsheet. A web-based dental AI software was used to generate STL files of the CBCT images, which were then evaluated by two dentomaxillofacial radiologists. The new observer, GT, was compared to this new STL file evaluation, and the interclass correlation (ICC) value was calculated for each pathology. RESULTS Out of the 864 condyles assessed, the ground truth diagnosis identified 372 cases of flattening, 185 cases of erosion, 70 cases of osteophyte formation, 117 cases of osteosclerosis, and 15 cases of bifid condyle formation. The ICC values for flattening, erosion, osteophyte formation, osteosclerosis, and bifid condyle formation were 1.000, 0.782, 1.000, 0.000, and 1.000, respectively, when comparing diagnoses made using STL files with the ground truth. CONCLUSIONS AI-generated STL files are reliable in diagnosing bifid condyle formation, osteophyte formation, and flattening of the condyle. However, the diagnosis of osteosclerosis using AI-generated STL files is not reliable, and the accuracy of diagnosis is affected by the erosion grade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Orhan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alex Sanders
- Diagnocat Inc, West Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Gürkan Ünsal
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Matvey Ezhov
- Diagnocat Inc, West Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Melis Mısırlı
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, International Final University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Maxim Gusarev
- Diagnocat Inc, West Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Murat İçen
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevsehir, Turkey
| | | | - Gaye Keser
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Namdar Pekiner
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Merve Önder
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - David Manulis
- Diagnocat Inc, West Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Cemal Atakan
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Statistics, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Feng JL, Ma RH, Du H, Zhao YP, Meng JH, Li G. Diagnostic accuracy of fused CBCT images in the evaluation of temporomandibular joint condylar bone resorption. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:1277-1288. [PMID: 36303076 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04761-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of fused CBCT images for patients with condylar bone resorption of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two TMJs from twenty-one patients were included. Bone resorption of condyles evaluated by three experts was used as the reference standard. Three oral and maxillofacial radiology residents evaluated the resorption of condyles with a five-point scale for the four sets of images (two consecutive CBCT images without fusion, fused 2D cross-sectional images, fused 3D images, and combining fused 2D cross-sectional images and fused 3D images) randomly and independently. Each set of images was evaluated at least 1 week apart, and a second evaluation was performed 4 weeks later. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the intra- and inter-observer agreement. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were compared among the four image sets using the Z test. RESULTS Twenty-four TMJs were determined as condylar bone resorption, and eighteen were determined as no obvious change. The average AUC values from the three observers for the three fused image sets (0.94, 0.93, 0.93) were significantly higher than the image set without fusion (p < 0.01). The intra- and inter-observer agreement on the three fused image sets (0.70-0.89, 0.91-0.92) was higher than the image set without fusion (0.37-0.63, 0.75). CONCLUSIONS Fused CBCT images of TMJ osteoarthrosis patients can intuitively display the condylar bone resorption and significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Fused CBCT images can help clinicians intuitively observe bone changes of the condyle in TMJ osteoarthrosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ling Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Han Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.,Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Juan-Hong Meng
- Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, No.22 Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Li C, Zhang Q. Comparison of imaging findings of 714 symptomatic and asymptomatic temporomandibular joints: a retrospective study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:79. [PMID: 36750853 PMCID: PMC9906863 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02783-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation between temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and imaging features remains unclear. This study compared the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) with and without TMD symptoms. METHODS The participants were recruited from the TMJ Diagnosis and Treatment Center from March 2022 to September 2022. Condylar morphology and condylar position were evaluated by CBCT. Disc morphology, disc position, and joint effusion were evaluated by T2-weighted image of MRI. The Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression analysis were carried out. RESULTS Eighty-two patients with bilateral symptoms, 196 patients with unilateral symptoms, and 79 asymptomatic participants received MRI and CBCT examination. There were significant differences in the distribution of sex, age, condylar morphology, condylar position, disc morphology, disc position, and joint effusion in symptomatic and asymptomatic TMJs (P < 0.05), which showed a positive correlation with symptoms (P < 0.05). In multiple logistic regression, 19-30-year-age group, > 30-year-age group, abnormal condylar morphology, posterior condylar position, disc displacement with reduction (DDWR), and disc displacement without reduction (DDWoR) were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). The odds of having symptomatic TMJ were 1.952 higher in the 19-30-year-age group and 1.814 higher in the > 30-year-age group when compared to those aged ≤ 18-year-age group. The odds of having symptomatic TMJ were 2.360 higher in persons with abnormal condylar morphology when compared to those with normal condylar morphology. The odds of having symptomatic TMJ were 2.591 higher in persons with posterior condylar position when compared to those with the normal condylar position. The odds of having symptomatic TMJ were 2.764 higher in persons with DDWR and 4.189 higher in persons with DDWoR when compared to those with normal disc position. The area under the curve of the model was 0.736 ± 0.019 (95% CI 0.700-0.773, P = 0.000), which indicated that the model has a good fitting effect. CONCLUSIONS The imaging findings of TMJs were significantly different between symptomatic and asymptomatic TMJs. TMD is affected by multiple factors including > 19-year-age, abnormal condylar morphology, posterior condylar position, DDWR, and DDWoR, which could be risk factors for the development of TMD symptoms. Trial registration This study was retrospectively registered on 28/03/2022 and endorsed by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (LCYJ2022014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjie Li
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department of Temporomandibular Joint Surgery, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000 China
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Department of Temporomandibular Joint Surgery, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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Temporomandibular Disk Dislocation Impacts the Stomatognathic System: Comparative Study Based on Biexponential Quantitative T2 Maps. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061621. [PMID: 35329946 PMCID: PMC8953096 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to assess the potential impact of temporomandibular disk displacement on anatomical structures of the stomatognathic system using biexponential T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) maps. Fifty separate MRI scans of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) of 25 patients were acquired with eight echo times. Biexponential T2 maps were created by weighted reconstruction based on Powell's conjugate direction method and divided into two groups: the TMJ without (32 images) and with (18 images) disk displacement. The disk, retrodiscal tissue, condylar bone marrow, masseter muscle, lateral and medial pterygoid muscles and dental pulp of the first and second molars were manually segmented twice. The intrarater reliability was assessed. The averages and standard deviations of the T2 times and fractions of each segmented region for each group were calculated and analysed with multiple Student's t-tests. Significant differences between groups were observed in the retrodiscal tissue, medial pterygoid muscle and bone marrow. The pulp short T2 component showed a trend toward statistical significance. The segmentation reliability was excellent (93.6%). The relationship between disk displacement and quantitative MRI features of stomatognathic structures can be useful in the combined treatment of articular disk displacement, pterygoid muscle tension and occlusive reconstruction.
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