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Culture conditions for in vitro maturation of oocytes – A review. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Ding S, Fang J, Liu G, Veeramuthu D, Naif Abdullah AD, Yin Y. The impact of different levels of cysteine on the plasma metabolomics and intestinal microflora of sows from late pregnancy to lactation. Food Funct 2019; 10:691-702. [PMID: 30663724 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01838c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cysteine (Cys) is a semi-essential amino acid that is synthesized from methionine in mammals and affects their physiological state. This study aimed at investigating the effects of different Cys levels on the birth weight and survival rate of piglets as well as the plasma biochemical parameters, intestinal microbial diversity, and plasma metabolome of sows during late pregnancy. The results showed that 0.4% Cys supplementation increased the birth weight of piglets and decreased the calcium, triglyceride, and bilirubin levels in sows, whereas 0.5% Cys supplementation reduced the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels and increased the serum glucose levels in sows at farrowing. Intestinal microbial analysis demonstrated that 0.4% Cys supplementation increased the diversity of fecal and intestinal microbiota compared with 0.5% Cys supplementation. In addition, plasma metabolomics identified 11 differential metabolites among the 0.4% Cys, 0.5% Cys, and control (basal diet) groups. The serum hypotaurine levels in sows increased by 0.4% and 0.5% Cys supplementation, and the serum acetylcysteine levels increased by 0.5% Cys supplementation; however, the differences in hypotaurine and acetylcysteine levels between the 0.4% and 0.5% Cys groups were not significant. Furthermore, Pearson analysis revealed a positive correlation between the hypotaurine levels and the abundance of Lactobacillus or Pseudobutyrivibrio and a negative correlation between the acetylcysteine levels and the abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014. Overall, the results indicated that 0.4% Cys supplementation increased the birth weight of piglets, increased the differential metabolites beneficial for combating antioxidative stress in embryos enhancing the intestinal microbial abundance in sows, and increased the diversity of fecal microbiota in sows. Thus, these findings suggest that 0.4% Cys supplementation is highly beneficial for maintaining the health of sows during late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China.
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Yang RF, Xiong XR, Zi XD. Effect of cysteine, insulin-like growth factor-1 and epidermis growth factor during in vitro oocyte maturation and in vitro culture of yak-cattle crossbred embryos. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2019.1663353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rao-fen Yang
- Key-Laboratory for Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian-rong Xiong
- Key-Laboratory for Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-dong Zi
- Key-Laboratory for Animal Science of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Chen X, Xuan B, Xu D, Wang Q, Cheng M, Jin Y. Crocin supplementation during oocyte maturation enhances antioxidant defence and subsequent cleavage rate. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 54:300-308. [PMID: 30325531 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of crocin supplementation during oocyte maturation on the antioxidant defence and anti-apoptotic ability and subsequent developmental competence of porcine oocytes. Oocytes were cultured in media containing 0, 300, 400 or 500 µg/ml of crocin. Upon maturation, the maturation rates, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels, mRNA expression of genes (SOD, CAT, GPx, Bcl-2, BAX and Caspase3), expression of cleaved caspase3 and subsequent embryo cleavage rates were measured. Results indicated that the maturation rate of the 400 µg/ml group was 86.80% (p < 0.01). The ROS concentration of the 500 µg/ml group was the lowest (p < 0.01). The GSH concentration of the 400 µg/ml group was the highest (p < 0.01). The SOD, CAT and GPx mRNA expression levels were the highest in the 300, 400 and 500 µg/ml groups, respectively, with the expression levels of all genes being significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The Bcl-2/BAX mRNA expression ratio in 400 and 500 µg/ml groups significantly higher than other groups and significantly decreased caspase3 expression level (p < 0.01). The expression level of cleaved caspase3 in the 500 µg/ml treatment group was the lowest, significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.01). The cleavage rate of the 400 µg/ml group was 62.50% (p < 0.01). These experimental results show that the supplementation of in vitro culture medium with 400 µg/ml of crocin significantly enhanced the antioxidant defence and anti-apoptotic ability and subsequent cleavage rate of porcine embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Biao Xuan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Da Xu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Mimi Cheng
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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Ambrogi M, Dall'Acqua PC, Rocha-Frigoni N, Leão B, Mingoti GZ. Transporting bovine oocytes in a medium supplemented with different macromolecules and antioxidants: Effects on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation and embryonic development in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:409-421. [PMID: 28120355 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether supplementing the medium used to transport bovine oocytes with different macromolecules [foetal calf serum (FCS) or bovine serum albumin (BSA)] or a mixture of antioxidants (cysteine, cysteamine and catalase) affects their nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation and thereby affects their subsequent embryonic development and cryotolerance. Oocytes were transported for 6 hr in a portable incubator and then subjected to standard in vitro maturation (IVM) for 18 hr. The oocytes in the control groups were cultured (standard IVM) for 24 hr in medium containing 10% FCS (Control FCS) or 10% FCS and the antioxidant mixture (Control FCS+Antiox). The intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the end of IVM period were lower in the oocytes subjected to simulated transport in the presence of a macromolecular supplement or the antioxidant mixture than that of the control group (FCS: 0.62 and BSA: 0.66 vs. Control FCS: 1.00, p < .05; and Transp: 0.58 and Transp Antiox: 0.70 vs. Control FCS: 1.00, p < .05). After IVM, the mitochondrial membrane potentials of the transported oocytes were lower than those of the non-transported oocytes (FCS: 0.41 and BSA: 0.57 vs. Control FCS: 1.00, p < .05; and Transp: 0.48 and Transp Antiox: 0.51 vs. Control FCS: 1.00 and Control Antiox: 0.84, p < .05). The blastocyst formation rates (36.9% average) and the re-expansion rates of vitrified-warmed blastocysts (53%, average) were unaffected (p > .05) by the treatments. In conclusion, supplementing the medium in which bovine oocytes are transported with antioxidants or different macromolecules did not affect their in vitro production of embryos or their cryotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ambrogi
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Reproduction, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - P C Dall'Acqua
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Reproduction, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Nas Rocha-Frigoni
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Reproduction, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Bcs Leão
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Reproduction, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - G Z Mingoti
- Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Veterinary Medicine, School of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, Department of Animal Reproduction, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Mokhber Maleki E, Eimani H, Bigdeli MR, Golkar Narenji A, Abedi R. Effects of Crocin Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation of Mouse Oocytes on Glutathione Synthesis and Cytoplasmic Maturation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2016; 10:53-61. [PMID: 27123201 PMCID: PMC4845530 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2016.4769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crocin is an active ingredient of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and its antioxidant properties have been previously investigated. This carotenoid scavenges free radicals and stimulates glutathione (GSH) synthesis; consequently, it may protect cells against oxidative stress. The aim of this research is to protect oocytes from oxidative stress by the addition of a natural source antioxidant. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present in vitro experimental study, we collected cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) from mouse ovaries of euthanized, 6-8 week-old female Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI) mice. Oocytes were subjected to in vitro maturation (IVM) in the presence of either crocin (5 or 10 μg/ml), 5 mM buthionine-[S-R]- sulfoximine (BSO), or the combination of crocin plus BSO. Oocytes that matured in vitro in a medium without crocin or BSO supplements were considered as controls. Following 16-18 hours of IVM, matured oocytes (n=631) were fertilized by capacitated sperm from NMRI male mice, and cultured in vitro for up to 96 hours to assess preimplantation embryonic development. The levels of GSH in metaphase II (MII) oocytes after IVM (n=240) were also assessed by the 5, 5-dithio-bis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB)-GSH reductase recycling assay. RESULTS Supplementation of IVM media with 10 µg/ml crocin significantly (P<0.05) increased nuclear maturation, preimplantation development and GSH concentrations compared with the control group. Maturation of oocytes in IVM medium supplemented with BSO alone or the combination of 5 µg/ml crocin and BSO drastically decreased GSH concentrations and subsequently resulted in low rates of maturation, fertilization and blastocyst development. However, the combination of 10 µg/ml crocin with 5 mM BSO increased the level of nuclear maturation which was comparable to the control group. CONCLUSION Supplementation of IVM media with crocin can improve nuclear maturation rates and subsequent developmental potential of mouse oocytes. This may occur by its beneficial effect in increasing GSH concentrations in MII oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Mokhber Maleki
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hussein Eimani
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiatallah (a.s.) University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Bigdeli
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsane Golkar Narenji
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Abedi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Embryology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Rocha-Frigoni NAS, Leão BCS, Nogueira É, Accorsi MF, Mingoti GZ. Reduced levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptotic status are not correlated with increases in cryotolerance of bovine embryos produced in vitro in the presence of antioxidants. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 26:797-805. [PMID: 25319378 DOI: 10.1071/rd12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of intracellular (cysteine and β-mercaptoethanol) and extracellular (catalase) antioxidant supplementation at different times during in vitro production (IVM and/or in vitro culture (IVC)) on bovine embryo development, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, apoptosis and re-expansion rates after a vitrification-thawing process were examined. Blastocyst frequencies were not affected by either antioxidant supplementation (40.5%-56.4%) or the timing of supplementation (41.7%-55.4%) compared with control (48.7%; P>0.05). Similarly, antioxidants and the moment of supplementation did not affect (P>0.05) the total number of blastomeres (86.2-90.5 and 84.4-90.5, respectively) compared with control (85.7). However, the percentage of apoptotic cells was reduced (P<0.05) in groups supplemented during IVM (1.7%), IVC (2.0%) or both (1.8%) compared with control (4.3%). Intracellular ROS levels measured in Day 7 blastocysts were reduced (P<0.05) in all groups (0.60-0.78), with the exception of the group supplemented with β-mercaptoethanol during IVC (0.88), which did not differ (P>0.05) from that in the control group (1.00). Re-expansion rates were not affected (P>0.05) by the treatments (50.0%-93.0%). In conclusion, antioxidant supplementation during IVM and/or IVC reduces intracellular ROS and the rate of apoptosis; however, supplementation does not increase embryonic development and survival after vitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália A S Rocha-Frigoni
- Department of Animal Health School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Beatriz C S Leão
- Department of Animal Health School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Ériklis Nogueira
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, EMBRAPA Pantanal, Corumbá, MS 79320-900, Brazil
| | - Mônica F Accorsi
- Department of Animal Health School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680, Brazil
| | - Gisele Z Mingoti
- Department of Animal Health School of Veterinary Medicine, UNESP-Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680, Brazil
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Alvarez GM, Morado SA, Soto MP, Dalvit GC, Cetica PD. The control of reactive oxygen species influences porcine oocyte in vitro maturation. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 50:200-205. [PMID: 25522082 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of varying intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels during oocyte in vitro maturation with enzymatic ROS production systems (xanthine + xanthine oxidase or xanthine + xanthine oxidase + catalase), scavenger systems (catalase or superoxide dismutase + catalase) or cysteine on porcine oocyte maturation. Oocyte ROS levels showed an increase when H2O2 or O2∙(-) production systems were added to the culture medium (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the presence of ROS scavengers in the maturation medium did not modify oocyte ROS levels compared with the control after 48 h of maturation, but the addition of cysteine induced a decrease in oocyte ROS levels (p < 0.05). The ROS production systems used in this work did not modified the percentage of oocyte nuclear maturation, but increased the decondensation of sperm head (p < 0.05) and decreased the pronuclear formation (p < 0.05). In turn, the addition of O2∙(-) and H2O2 scavenging systems during in vitro maturation did not modify the percentage of oocytes reaching metaphase II nor the oocytes with decondensed sperm head or pronuclei after fertilization. However, both parameters increased in the presence of cysteine (p < 0.05). The exogenous generation of O2∙(-) and H2O2 during oocyte in vitro maturation would not affect nuclear maturation or later sperm penetration, but most of the spermatozoa cannot progress to form the pronuclei after fusion with the oocyte. The decrease in endogenous ROS levels by the addition of cysteine would improve pronuclear formation after sperm penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Alvarez
- Area of Biochemistry, INITRA (Institute of Research and Technology in Animal Reproduction), Executing Unit INPA (Research in Animal Production) UBA-CONICET, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S A Morado
- Area of Biochemistry, INITRA (Institute of Research and Technology in Animal Reproduction), Executing Unit INPA (Research in Animal Production) UBA-CONICET, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M P Soto
- Area of Biochemistry, INITRA (Institute of Research and Technology in Animal Reproduction), Executing Unit INPA (Research in Animal Production) UBA-CONICET, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G C Dalvit
- Area of Biochemistry, INITRA (Institute of Research and Technology in Animal Reproduction), Executing Unit INPA (Research in Animal Production) UBA-CONICET, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P D Cetica
- Area of Biochemistry, INITRA (Institute of Research and Technology in Animal Reproduction), Executing Unit INPA (Research in Animal Production) UBA-CONICET, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Click RE. A review: alteration of in vitro reproduction processes by thiols -emphasis on 2-mercaptoethanol. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:399-405. [PMID: 25087867 PMCID: PMC4284312 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Descriptions of organosulfurs altering biologically relevant cellular functions began some 40 years ago when murine in vitro cell mediated and humoral immune responses were shown to be dramatically enhanced by any of four xenobiotic, sulfhydryl compounds-2-mercaptoethanol (2ME), dithiothreitol (DTT), glutathione, and L-cysteine; the most effective were 2ME and DTT. These findings triggered a plethora of reports defining 2ME benefits for a multitude of immunological processes. This in turn led to investigations on 2ME alterations of (a) immune functions in other species, (b) activities of other cell-types, and (c) in vivo diseases. In addition, these early findings preceded the identification of previously undefined anticarcinogenic chemicals in specific foods as organosulfurs. Taken all together, there is little doubt that organosulfur compounds have enormous benefits for cellular functions and for a multitude of diseases. Issues of importance still to be resolved are (a) clarification of mechanisms that underlie alteration of in vitro and in vivo processes and perhaps more importantly, (b) which if any in vitro alterations are relevant for (i) alteration of in vivo diseases and (ii) identification of other diseases that might therapeutically benefit from organosulfurs. As one means to address these questions, reviews of different processes impacted by thiols could be informative. Therefore, the present review on alterations of in vitro fertilization processes by thiols (mainly 2ME, since cysteamine alterations have been reviewed) was undertaken. Alterations found to occur in medium supplemented with 2ME were enhancement, no effect, or inhibition. Parameters associated with which are discussed as they relate to postulated thiol mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Click
- Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA, Retired
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Do LTK, Namula Z, Luu VV, Sato Y, Taniguchi M, Isobe T, Kikuchi K, Otoi T. Effect of Sericin Supplementation DuringIn VitroMaturation on the Maturation, Fertilization and Development of Porcine Oocytes. Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:e17-20. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LTK Do
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Z Namula
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - VV Luu
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Y Sato
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - M Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - T Isobe
- Cattle Breeding Development Institute; Kagoshima Prefecture; Kagoshima Japan
| | - K Kikuchi
- Genetic Diversity Department; National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences; Tsukuba Japan
| | - T Otoi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
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Transient exposure to sodium butyrate after germinal vesicle breakdown improves meiosis but not developmental competence in pig oocytes. Cell Biol Int 2012; 36:483-90. [PMID: 22288569 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20110220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte maturation is a complex process during which epigenetic modifications are dramatically changed, especially histone acetylation and phosphorylation. We have investigated the effects of NaBu (sodium butyrate), a natural HDAC (histone deacetylase) inhibitor, on porcine oocyte maturation at different stages and subsequent embryonic development to improve IVF (in vitro fertilization) and embryo production. COCs (cumulus oocyte complexes) were cultured, IVM (in vitro maturation) supplemented with 1 mM NaBu before or after GVBD [GV (germinal vesicle) breakdown] during maturation. NaBu delayed oocyte meiosis in the GV and GVBD stages in an exposure-dependent manner. However, the short treatment with 1 mM NaBu after GVBD significantly improved the meiotic competence. No positive effects of NaBu on GSH levels and subsequent embryonic development following IVF were seen. Transient exposure to NaBu after GVBD improves meiotic competence, but not subsequently, probably by having an effect on histone acetylation during oocyte maturation.
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12
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Takahashi M. Oxidative stress and redox regulation on in vitro development of mammalian embryos. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:1-9. [PMID: 22450278 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-138n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors affect development of mammalian preimplantation embryos in vitro. It is well known that in vitro development of bovine embryos is highly affected by culture condition including energy source, growth factors, pH or gas environment. Many efforts have been made towards the suitable environments which can successfully support embryo development in vitro. For a rapid growth and differentiation, embryo requires energy by utilizing ATP, NADPH with oxygen molecules. These energy substrates are produced from the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. In addition to energy production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are also generated as by-product of such energy production system. ROS production is sensitively controlled by the balance of oxidizing and reducing status and affected by several antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) or low molecular weight thiols such as glutathione (GSH). Imbalance of oxidation and reduction causes production of excess ROS, which causes the developmental arrest, physical DNA damage, apoptosis induction or lipid peroxidation. Environmental oxygen condition during embryo culture also highly affects embryo development as well as intracellular redox balance. Several studies have revealed that regulation of intra- and extra- cellular reducing environment by reducing excess ROS by using antioxidants, reducing oxygen concentration are effective for improving embryo development. Also, recent studies have demonstrated the difference in gene expression affected by oxidative stress. This review briefly summarizes the effects of ROS and the role of redox balance on preimplantation embryos for improving the efficiency of in vitro production of mammalian embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Takahashi
- Livestock and Grassland Research Division, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan.
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Advances on in vitro production and cryopreservation of porcine embryos. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 132:115-22. [PMID: 22698497 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There have been intensive attempts to establish reliable in vitro production (IVP) and cryopreservation methods of embryos in pigs. Although a great deal of progress has been made, current IVP systems and cryopreservation still suffer from insufficient cytoplasmic abilities of in vitro matured oocytes, polyspermic fertilization, poor quality of in vitro produced embryos and low efficiency of embryo cryopreservation. Compared to other mammalian species, pig oocytes and embryos are characterized by large amounts of lipid content stored mainly in the form of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. This fact has a negative influence on biotechnological applications on porcine oocytes and embryos. In this review, we will discuss recent studies about methods and techniques for modifying porcine embryo IVP system and embryo cryopreservation that produces high quality of pig blastocysts using in vitro maturation, in vitro fertilization, in vitro culture, microsurgical manipulation, addition of protein, the use of cytoskeleton stabilizing agents and various physical methods. The presented methods and techniques make it possible to modify the characteristics of oocytes and embryos and thus may become major tools in mammalian gamete and embryo agricultural or biotechnological applications in the future.
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The effects of cysteine addition during in vitro maturation on the developmental competence, ROS, GSH and apoptosis level of bovine oocytes exposed to heat stress. ZYGOTE 2011; 20:249-59. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199411000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SummaryIn the present study, we investigated the effects of various concentrations of cysteine (0.0, 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 mM) added to the maturation medium on nuclear maturation and subsequent embryonic development of bovine oocytes exposed to heat stress (HS: set at 39.5 °C for 5 h, 40.0 °C for 5 h, 40.5 °C for 6 h, and 40.0 °C for 4 h versus 38.5 °C for 20 h as the control group). This regime mimicked the circadian rhythm of the vaginal temperature of lactating dairy cows during the summer season in southwestern Japan. Moreover, we also evaluated the oocyte's reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels and the apoptosis levels of the oocytes and cumulus cells in the presence or absence of 1.2 mM cysteine. As a result, HS in the without-cysteine group significantly suppressed (p < 0.05) both the nuclear maturation rate up to the metaphase (M)II stage and the blastocyst formation rate compared with that of the control group. In addition, this group showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) ROS levels and significantly lower (p < 0.05) GSH levels than those of the control group. Moreover, the level of TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL)-positive cumulus cells in the HS without-cysteine group was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the control group. However, the addition of 1.2 mM cysteine to the maturation medium restored not only the nuclear maturation, blastocyst formation rates and GSH contents, but also increased the ROS and TUNEL-positive levels of the cumulus cells, but not oocytes, to that of the control group. These results indicate that the addition of 1.2 mM cysteine during in vitro maturation (IVM) may alleviate the influence of heat stress for oocyte developmental competence by increasing GSH content and inhibiting the production of oocyte ROS followed by apoptosis of cumulus cells.
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Choe C, Shin YW, Kim EJ, Cho SR, Kim HJ, Choi SH, Han MH, Han J, Son DS, Kang D. Synergistic effects of glutathione and β-mercaptoethanol treatment during in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes on early embryonic development in a culture system supplemented with L-cysteine. J Reprod Dev 2010; 56:575-82. [PMID: 20657156 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-214h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various methods have been used to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from in vitro culture (IVC) conditions that can cause cell injury or death, including the application of low oxygen (O(2)) tension and the addition of antioxidants. The beneficial effects of antioxidants and O(2) tension on IVC of porcine embryos, however, are controversial among researchers. In this study, we sought to determine the effects and optimal concentrations of antioxidants for the development of porcine embryos in an IVC system. Specifically, we examined the synergistic effects of antioxidants on development to the blastocyst stage in a culture system supplemented with L-cysteine during IVM. Of the antioxidants tested (melatonin, glutathione (GSH), β-mercaptoethanol (β-ME), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and dithiothreitol (DTT)), addition of GSH (1 mM) or β-ME (25 µM) significantly increased development to the blastocyst stage compared with the controls without antioxidant treatment (22.2 ± 4.2% for 1 mM GSH, 25.9 ± 2.2% for 25 µM β-ME and 12-13% for the control, P<0.05). In addition, the mean cell number per blastocyst was increased by approximately 1.7-fold in the presence of GSH or β -ME. These GSH- and β-ME-induced increases in development to the blastocyst stage and total cell number, however, were not mimicked by melatonin, NAC or DTT, all of which are ROS scavengers. The combination of GSH or β-ME with L-cysteine significantly reduced high O(2) tension-induced ROS production (P<0.05). These results suggest that a combination of 1 mM GSH or 25 µM β-ME with 1 mM L-cysteine could be used for production of high quality porcine blastocysts in IVC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyong Choe
- Republic of Korea Animal Genetic Resources Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Namwon, Korea
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Deleuze S, Goudet G. Cysteamine Supplementation ofIn vitroMaturation Media: A Review. Reprod Domest Anim 2010; 45:e476-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01587.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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