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Nagashima JB, Songsasen N. Canid Reproductive Biology: Norm and Unique Aspects in Strategies and Mechanisms. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:653. [PMID: 33804569 PMCID: PMC8001368 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reproductive physiology of canids is unique compared to other mammalian species. Specifically, the reproductive cycle of female canids is characterized by extended periods of proestrus and estrus followed by obligatory diestrus and protracted ovarian inactivity (anestrus). Although canid reproduction follows this general pattern, studies have shown variations in reproductive biology among species and geographic regions. Understanding of these differences is critical to the development of assisted reproductive technologies including estrus induction, gamete rescue, and embryo production techniques for canid conservation efforts. This review summarizes current knowledge of canid reproduction, including estrus cyclicity, seasonality, and seminal traits, with the emphasis on species diversity. The application of reproductive technologies in wild canid conservation will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B. Nagashima
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1500 Remount Rd., Front Royal, VA 22630, USA;
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Huang C, Wang Y, Qi H, Han Y, Yuan Z, Weng Q, Zhang H. Seasonal expression of 5α-reductases and androgen receptor in the prostate gland of the wild ground squirrel (Spermophilus dauricus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 226:11-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Xu B, Feng HL. Ovulation, fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development in raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides). Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 176:78-84. [PMID: 27939185 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A study involving 32 sexual mature females was conducted to characterize ovulation, fertilization and early embryonic development in vivo in raccoon dogs. Oocytes and embryos were collected from the oviducts and uteri, evaluated by stereomicroscopy. Ovulation occurred 25-32h after a female first accepted mounting, regardless of copulation, when the females were paired with a male in the same cage. Ovulated oocytes were at the primary stage. The number of ovulated eggs in females with or without mating was 9.96±2.65 and 9.00±1.92, respectively. Embryos at 2-4 cell, 8-16 cell, morula, blastocyst, and hatched blastocyst stage were observed at 29-73, 48-100, 98-126, 169-198 and 217-268h after first mating, respectively. Embryos were located in the oviduct prior to 4-cell stage and moved into the uterus after 16-cell stage. Embryos at different stages were often obtained from the same female. During the zygote underwent a series of cleavage divisions, the diameter of the embryo cell mass continuously increased through the 2-cell and 4-cell stage, then started to decrease and was the minimum size at the morula stage. At the blastocyst stage, embryos increased in volume, and finally developed into a hatching blastocyst with a thinner zona pellucida. This is the first full report of preimplantation embryonic development in the raccoon dog, which will facilitate the application of advanced assisted reproductive technology in canine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozeng Xu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, PR China
| | - Huai L Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Hospital Queens, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Flushing, New York 11355, USA.
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Reproduction and Advances in Reproductive Studies in Carnivores. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 753:205-39. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0820-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zhang M, Sheng X, Sun R, Li Q, Zhang H, Zhou J, Xu M, Weng Q, Watanabe G, Taya K. Seasonal changes in immunoreactivity of inhibin/activin subunits in the epididymis of wild ground squirrels (Citellus dauricus Brandt). J Reprod Dev 2013; 59:302-7. [PMID: 23535148 PMCID: PMC3934136 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2012-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibin/activin subunits (α, βA and βB) have been found in epididymal tissue of many mammals, but there have been no data available for wild seasonal breeders so far. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunoreactivities of inhibin/activin α, βA and βB subunits in the epididymis of wild ground squirrels during the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were performed to detect the epididymal immunolocalizations and immunoreactivities of the three subunits. Strong immunostaining of α subunit was present in the interstitial part of the caput epididymis and epithelial parts of the corpus epididymis and cauda epididymis during the breeding season, whereas no α subunit was found in the nonbreeding season. βA and βB subunits were expressed in all cell types of the epithelium throughout the whole seasonal cycle, and immunostaining in the breeding season was likely stronger compared with that of the nonbreeding season. These results suggested that the epididymis might be a potential source of inhibin and activin in the wild male ground squirrel, and the secretion of epididymal inhibin and activin showed distinct seasonal changes. Furthermore, inhibin and activin might function as paracrine and/or autocrine factors that have an effect on the epididymis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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WENG Q, TSUBOTA T, DAI M, WENG J, TIAN Y, XU M, WATANABE G, TAYA K. Immunolocalization of steroidogenic enzymes and their expression during the breeding season in the testes of wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides). Anim Sci J 2012; 83:535-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00990.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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SHENG X, ZHANG H, ZHANG M, ZHANG W, HU X, SONG M, ZHOU J, XU M, WENG Q, WATANABE G, TAYA K. Seasonal Changes in Immunoreactivity of Activin Signaling Component Proteins in Wild Ground Squirrel Testes. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:126-31. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-005s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xia SHENG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haolin ZHANG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mengyuan ZHANG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei ZHANG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao HU
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Moshi SONG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiao ZHOU
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meiyu XU
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiang WENG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Gen WATANABE
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Department of Basic Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi TAYA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
- Department of Basic Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
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Rudert S, Brown JL, Ganslosser U, Möbius G, Songsasen N. Activity pattern, reproductive behaviors and gonadal hormones in the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides). Zoo Biol 2011; 30:134-48. [PMID: 21462244 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.20315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to (1) assess year-round behaviors and activity patterns of captive raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and (2) characterize the species' reproductive endocrinology. Behaviors and activity patterns of 12 (5.7) animals were recorded over a 1-year period. During that time, fecal samples were collected 2-7 times/week from 16 (7.9) individuals (six of these were included in the behavioral study) for the analysis of testosterone, progesterone and estrogen metabolite concentrations. Activity pattern and excretion of gonadal steroids followed a seasonal pattern. Specifically, dogs were cathemeral in summer, and primarily nocturnal in winter. In the males, testosterone concentrations were at baseline from April through September, began to rise in October and reached peak concentrations in February (P<0.05). In the females, elevated estrogen (P<0.05) was observed in March followed by an increase in progestagen concentrations from March through May (P<0.05) in both pregnant and pseudopregnant animals. Gender significantly influenced monthly testosterone/estrogen ratio (P<0.01); values were higher in males than in females throughout the year with overall percentage of overlapping values between males and females being 28%. In summary, this study characterized cirannual fluctuations in behaviors and gonadal steroid metabolites in the raccoon dog maintained in captivity. Because there is no obvious sexual dimorphism, the differences in testosterone/estrogen ratio may be useful for gender differentiation (72% accuracy), especially among individuals living in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rudert
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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MA X, ZHANG H, WENG J, SHENG X, LU L, HU X, LIU S, XU M, WENG Q, WATANABE G, TAYA K. Immunolocalization of Inhibin/Activin Subunit Proteins During the Breeding Season in Testes and Scented Glands of Muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus). J Vet Med Sci 2011; 73:1199-205. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting MA
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Haolin ZHANG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Jiaju WENG
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Xia SHENG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Lu LU
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Xiao HU
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Shuqiang LIU
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Meiyu XU
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Qiang WENG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Gen WATANABE
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
| | - Kazuyoshi TAYA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
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SEDQYAR M, WENG Q, WATANABE G, KANDIEL MM, TAKAHASHI S, SUZUKI AK, TANEDA S, TAYA K. Secretion of Inhibin in Male Japanese Quail ( Coturnix japonica) from One Week of Age to Sexual Maturity. J Reprod Dev 2008; 54:100-6. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manila SEDQYAR
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Qiang WENG
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Gen WATANABE
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Mohamed M.M. KANDIEL
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University
| | - Sinji TAKAHASHI
- Ecological Effect Research Team, Dioxin and Environmental Endocrine Disrupter Research Project, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Akira K SUZUKI
- Environmental Nanotoxicology Section, Research Center for Environmental Risk, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Shinji TANEDA
- Environmental Nanotoxicology Section, Research Center for Environmental Risk, National Institute for Environmental Studies
| | - Kazuyoshi TAYA
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
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SHENG X, ZHANG H, ZHANG W, SONG M, ZHANG M, LI B, WENG Q, WATANABE G, TAYA K. Seasonal Changes in Spermatogenesis and Immunolocalization of Inhibin/Activin Subunits in the Wild Male Ground Squirrel ( Citellus dauricus Brandt). J Reprod Dev 2008; 54:460-4. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.20032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xia SHENG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Haolin ZHANG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Wei ZHANG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Moshi SONG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Mengyuan ZHANG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Ben LI
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
| | - Qiang WENG
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
| | - Gen WATANABE
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Department of Basic Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
| | - Kazuyoshi TAYA
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Department of Basic Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University
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Siemieniuch MJ, Wocławek-Potocka I. Morphological features of the seminiferous epithelium in cat (Felis catus, L. 1758) testes. J Reprod Dev 2007; 53:1125-30. [PMID: 17615443 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the changes in the germinal epithelium in cats of different ages. Routine histological staining was applied to perform morphological and stereological examinations. The animals were divided into five groups according to age: under 8 months (n=28), 8-12 months (n=30), 12-36 months (n=33), 3-6 years (n=14) and older than 6 years (n=13). The appearance of the gonads of the males in the first group varied the most. The seminiferous tubules of the youngest cats consisted of a monolayer of supporting cells and a few spermatogonia. No tubular lumina were present, and the diameters of the seminiferous tubules reached 132.5 microm. We noted the typical arrangement of gametogenic cells with a tubule diameter of 191.83 microm in the second group. We observed multilayer germinal epithelia with the most significant production of gametes and a seminiferous tubule diameter of 202.61 microm in the third group. The diameters of the seminiferous tubules of the forth and fifth groups were 193.38 microm and 191.84 microm, respectively. The obtained data revealed that the most intensive morphological diversification of the seminiferous epithelium in cats occurs at about 7-8 months of age. The diameters of seminiferous tubules were highest in the third group of cats, and the activity of spermatogenesis of this group, expressed as the number of sperm per 10 mm(2), was also the most distinctive. The spermatogenesis process was most evident in cats between 12 and 36 months of age, which was also when the sperm concentration was highest per estimated surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta J Siemieniuch
- Department of Reproductive Immunology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland.
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KAWAKAMI E, HIRANO T, HORI T, TSUTSUI T. Testicular Superoxide Dismutase Activity, Heat Shock Protein 70 Concentration and Blood Plasma Inhibin-.ALPHA. Concentration of Dogs with a Sertoli Cell Tumor in a Unilateral Cryptorchid Testis. J Vet Med Sci 2007; 69:1259-62. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.69.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eiichi KAWAKAMI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Reproduction, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Taichi HIRANO
- Laboratory of Veterinary Reproduction, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Tatsuya HORI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Reproduction, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
| | - Toshihiko TSUTSUI
- Laboratory of Veterinary Reproduction, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
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Meng C, Shi F, Zhou Z, Huang R, Liu G, Watanabe G, Taya K. Cellular Localization of Inhibin alpha-subunit, PKB/Akt and FoxO3a proteins in the ovaries of minipigs. J Reprod Dev 2006; 53:229-36. [PMID: 17132910 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.18078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to examine the cellular localization of inhibin alpha-subunit, protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), and FoxO3a proteins in the ovaries of minipigs, Chinese Xiang pigs, by immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that inhibin alpha-subunits were localized in the granulosa cells of follicles at all stages but were not localized in corpora lutea. PKB was localized in the granulosa cells of primordial follicles and in the basal layers of the granulosa cells of preantral and antral follicles, but were not localized in atretic follicles and corpora lutea. FoxO3a was localized in the granulosa cells of follicles at all stages and was extensively localized in the cytoplasma of the luteinized granulosa cells of corpora lutea. Together, the stage- and cell-specific expression patterns of inhibin alpha-subunit, FoxO3a, and PKB suggest that these proteins might play potential roles in follicular development, atresia, and luteinization in the minipig.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Meng
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, PR China
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