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Wimalarathne HDA, Nakamura Y, Ishizaka K, Silva BDK, Sasakura K, Shimada M, Kibushi M, Sakase M, Kawate N. Age-related changes in circulating INSL3 concentrations and their associations with ovarian conditions in Japanese Black beef cattle. Theriogenology 2023; 211:97-104. [PMID: 37603938 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Information on circulating levels of insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) in female domesticated animals is limited, as their concentrations are significantly lower than in males. The objectives of the present study were to 1) develop a sandwich time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) with higher detectability to measure blood INSL3 concentrations in female cattle, 2) determine INSL3 concentrations in female cattle among age groups and reproductive conditions, and 3) explore associations between INSL3 levels and ultrasonographic ovarian measurements. Blood was collected repeatedly from Japanese Black beef female calves (n = 12; 0-8 mo), heifers (n = 10; 10-26 mo), and cows (n = 20; 27-200 mo). Blood was taken from the cows (n = 13) at follicular, post-ovulatory, and luteal phases, and from cows with follicular cysts (n = 12). Ultrasonography of ovaries was conducted in the calves (n = 12) and the cows without ovarian diseases (n = 9). The ovarian area, as well as the number and diameters of antral follicles ≥ 2 mm, were determined in each ovary. The proposed method detected a difference in plasma INSL3 between calves (0.01 ng/mL) and heifers (0.18 ng/mL). However, the conventional assay showed similar levels for calves and heifers (1.82 vs 2.07 ng/mL). Plasma INSL3 and testosterone concentrations increased from calves to heifers (P < 0.0001), but only INSL3 rose from heifers to cows (P < 0.0001). INSL3 and testosterone concentrations did not change across the estrus cycle in cows, and the levels of both hormones in follicular cystic cows did not differ from those in the follicular phase. Ovarian area, maximal and average follicular diameters, and total volume of all follicles per animal were higher in cows than calves (P < 0.001). Plasma INSL3 concentrations correlated positively with the total volumes of all follicles in calves (P < 0.05) and cows (P < 0.05), whereas testosterone concentrations did not correlate with ovarian follicular measurements. In conclusion, plasma INSL3 concentrations measured by the proposed sandwich TRFIA showed a clear increase from female calves to cows in beef cattle. These results suggest that circulating levels of INSL3, but not of testosterone, are associated with the total volume of all antral follicles in both ovaries per animal in female cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D A Wimalarathne
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Ishizaka
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - B D K Silva
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - K Sasakura
- Hyogo Prefecture College of Agriculture, General Technological Center of Hyogo Prefecture for Agriculture, Forest and Fishery, Kasai, Hyogo, Japan
| | - M Shimada
- Hyogo Prefecture College of Agriculture, General Technological Center of Hyogo Prefecture for Agriculture, Forest and Fishery, Kasai, Hyogo, Japan
| | - M Kibushi
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan; M's Veterinary Partners, Tanba, Hyogo, Japan
| | - M Sakase
- Hokubu Agricultural Technology Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Asago, Hyogo, Japan
| | - N Kawate
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan.
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Fernandez-Novo A, Pérez-Garnelo SS, Villagrá A, Pérez-Villalobos N, Astiz S. The Effect of Stress on Reproduction and Reproductive Technologies in Beef Cattle-A Review. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E2096. [PMID: 33187308 PMCID: PMC7697448 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Researchers have contributed by increasing our understanding of the factors affecting reproduction in beef, mainly physical health and nutrition aspects, which have been main concerns during decades. Animal welfare is of outmost relevance in all animal production systems and it is strongly associated to stress. Stress responses involve endocrine, paracrine and neural systems and the consequences of this stress on the reproductive efficiency of specifically, beef cattle and bulls, need to be highlighted. We, therefore, describe the fundamentals of stress and its quantification, focusing in beef herds, reviewing the highly valuable pieces of research, already implemented in this field. We examine major factors (stressors) contributing to stress in beef cattle and their effects on the animals, their reproductive performance and the success of reproductive biotechnologies. We include terms such as acclimatization, acclimation or temperament, very relevant in beef systems. We examine specifically the management stress due to handling, social environment and hierarchy or weaning effects; nutritional stress; and thermal stress (not only heat stress) and also review the influence of these stressors on reproductive performance and effectiveness of reproductive biotechnologies in beef herds. A final message on the attention that should be devoted to these factors is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Fernandez-Novo
- Bovitecnia, Veterinary Consulting, C/Arévalo 5, Colmenar Viejo, 28770 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sonia S. Pérez-Garnelo
- Animal Reproduction Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Avda, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Arantxa Villagrá
- Centro de Tecnología Animal—Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (CITA-IVIA), Polígono La Esperanza 100, 12400 Segorbe, Spain;
| | - Natividad Pérez-Villalobos
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Susana Astiz
- Animal Reproduction Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Avda, Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Kishida K, Sakase M, Minami K, Arai MM, Syoji R, Kohama N, Akiyama T, Oka A, Harayama H, Fukushima M. Effects of acrosomal conditions of frozen-thawed spermatozoa on the results of artificial insemination in Japanese Black cattle. J Reprod Dev 2015; 61:519-24. [PMID: 26300347 PMCID: PMC4685217 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2015-073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between male artificial insemination (AI) fertility and sperm acrosomal conditions assessed by new and conventional staining techniques and to identify possible reproductive dysfunctions causing low conception rates in AI using frozen-thawed spermatozoa with poor acrosomal conditions in Japanese Black bulls. We investigated individual differences among bulls in the results concerning (1) acrosomal conditions of frozen-thawed spermatozoa as assessed by not merely peanut agglutinin-lectin staining (a conventional staining technique) but also immunostaining of acrosomal tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins (a new staining technique), (2) routine AI using frozen-thawed spermatozoa as assessed by pregnancy diagnosis, (3) in vivo fertilization of frozen-thawed spermatozoa and early development of fertilized eggs as assessed by superovulation/AI-embryo collection tests and (4) in vitro fertilization of frozen-thawed spermatozoa with oocytes. The percentages of frozen-thawed spermatozoa with normal acrosomal conditions assessed by the abovementioned staining techniques were significantly correlated with the conception rates of routine AI, rates of transferable embryos in superovulation/AI-embryo collection tests and in vitro fertilization rates. These results are consistent with new suggestions that the distribution of acrosomal tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins as well as the acrosomal morphology of frozen-thawed spermatozoa are AI fertility-associated markers that are valid for the prediction of AI results and that low conception rates in AI using frozen-thawed spermatozoa with poor acrosomal conditions result from reproductive dysfunctions in the processes between sperm insemination into females and early embryo development, probably failed fertilization of frozen-thawed spermatozoa with oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Kishida
- Division of Animal Science, Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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Tang KQ, Yang WC, Pai B, Li SJ, Chen L, Yang LG. Effects of PGR and ESRα genotypes on the pregnancy rates after embryo transfer in Luxi cattle. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:579-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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