1
|
Ghani MU, Kamran M, Ahmad I, Arshad A, Zhang C, Zhu W, Lou S, Hou F. Alfalfa-grass mixtures reduce greenhouse gas emissions and net global warming potential while maintaining yield advantages over monocultures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157765. [PMID: 35926624 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Improving forage productivity with lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from limited grassland has been a hotspot of interest in global agricultural production. In this study, we analyzed the effects of grasses (tall fescue, smooth bromegrass), legume (alfalfa), and alfalfa-grass (alfalfa + smooth bromegrass and alfalfa + tall fescue) mixtures on GHG emissions, net global warming potential (Net GWP), yield-based greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI), soil chemical properties and forage productivity in cultivated grassland in northwest China during 2020-2021. Our results demonstrated that alfalfa-grass mixtures significantly improved forage productivity. The highest total dry matter yield (DMY) during 2020 and 2021 was obtained from alfalfa-tall fescue (11,311 and 13,338 kg ha-1) and alfalfa-smooth bromegrass mixtures (10,781 and 12,467 kg ha-1). The annual cumulative GHG emissions from mixtures were lower than alfalfa monoculture. Alfalfa-grass mixtures significantly reduced GHGI compared with the grass or alfalfa monocultures. Furthermore, results indicated that grass, alfalfa and alfalfa-grass mixtures differentially affected soil chemical properties. Lower soil pH and C/N ratio were recorded in alfalfa monoculture. Alfalfa and mixtures increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) contents. Importantly, alfalfa-grass mixtures are necessary for improving forage productivity and mitigating the GHG emissions in this region. In conclusion, the alfalfa-tall fescue mixture lowered net GWP and GHGI in cultivated grassland while maintaining high forage productivity. These advanced agricultural practices could contribute to the development of climate-sustainable grassland production in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman Ghani
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Adnan Arshad
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Wanhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Shanning Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Novinscak A, Goyer C, Wilson C, Zebarth BJ, Burton DL, Chantigny MH, Filion M. Seasonal changes in the abundance and activity of bacterial and fungal denitrifying communities associated with different compost amendments. Can J Microbiol 2021; 68:91-102. [PMID: 34762539 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Composts can be efficient organic amendments in potato culture as they can supply carbon and nutrients to the soil. However, more information is required to the effects of composts on denitrification and nitrous oxide emissions (N2O) and the emission-producing denitrifying communities. The effect of three compost amendments (municipal source separated organic waste compost (SSOC), forestry waste mixed with poultry manure compost (FPMC), and forestry residues compost (FRC)) on fungal and bacterial denitrifying communities and activity was examined in an agricultural field cropped to potatoes in during the fall, spring and summer seasons. The denitrification enzyme activity (DEA), N2O emissions and respiration were measured in parallel. N2O emission rates were greater in FRC-amended soils in the fall and summer, while soil respiration was highest in SSOC-amended soil in the fall. A large number of nirK denitrifying fungal transcripts was detected in the fall, coinciding with compost application while the greatest nirK bacterial transcripts were measured in the summer when plants were actively growing. Denitrifying community and transcript levels were poor predictors of DEA, N2O emissions or respiration rates in compost-amended soil. Overall, the sampling date was driving the population and activity levels of the three denitrifying communities under study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Novinscak
- Université de Moncton, 5568, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada;
| | - Claudia Goyer
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada;
| | - Carolyn Wilson
- Dalhousie University, 3688, Biology Department, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada;
| | - Bernie J Zebarth
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, 98656, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada;
| | - David L Burton
- Dalhousie University, 3688, Biology Department, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada;
| | | | - Martin Filion
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research and Development Centre, 98683, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, Quebec, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guo Y, Fujimura R, Sato Y, Suda W, Kim SW, Oshima K, Hattori M, Kamijo T, Narisawa K, Ohta H. Characterization of early microbial communities on volcanic deposits along a vegetation gradient on the island of Miyake, Japan. Microbes Environ 2014; 29:38-49. [PMID: 24463576 PMCID: PMC4041228 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me13142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2000 eruption of Mount Oyama on the island of Miyake (Miyake-jima) created a unique opportunity to study the early ecosystem development on newly exposed terrestrial substrates. In this study, bacterial and fungal communities on 9- and 11-year-old volcanic deposits at poorly to fully vegetation-recovered sites in Miyake-jima, Japan, were characterized by conventional culture-based methods and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes. Despite the differences in the vegetation cover, the upper volcanic deposit layer samples displayed low among-site variation for chemical properties (pH, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen) and microbial population densities (total direct count and culturable count). Statistical analyses of pyrosequencing data revealed that the microbial communities of volcanic deposit samples were phylogenetically diverse, in spite of very low-carbon environmental conditions, and their diversity was comparable to that in the lower soil layer (buried soil) samples. Comparing with the microbial communities in buried soil, the volcanic deposit communities were characterized by the presence of Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria as the main bacterial class, Deinococcus- Thermus as the minor bacterial phyla, and Ascomycota as the major fungal phyla. Multivariate analysis revealed that several bacterial families and fungal classes correlated positively or negatively with plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Ibaraki University College of Agriculture, 3–21–1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Reiko Fujimura
- Ibaraki University College of Agriculture, 3–21–1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Sato
- National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Tokyo, 13–43 Ueno Park, Taito-ku, Tokyo 110–8713, Japan
| | - Wataru Suda
- Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, 5–1–5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277–8568, Japan
| | - Seok-won Kim
- Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, 5–1–5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277–8568, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Oshima
- Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, 5–1–5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277–8568, Japan
| | - Masahira Hattori
- Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, 5–1–5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277–8568, Japan
| | - Takashi Kamijo
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, University of Tsukuba, 1–1–1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8572, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Narisawa
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Ibaraki University College of Agriculture, 3–21–1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3–5–8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183–8509, Japan
- Ibaraki University College of Agriculture, 3–21–1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Inaba S, Ikenishi F, Itakura M, Kikuchi M, Eda S, Chiba N, Katsuyama C, Suwa Y, Mitsui H, Minamisawa K. N(2)O emission from degraded soybean nodules depends on denitrification by Bradyrhizobium japonicum and other microbes in the rhizosphere. Microbes Environ 2012; 27:470-6. [PMID: 23047151 PMCID: PMC4103556 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A model system developed to produce N(2)O emissions from degrading soybean nodules in the laboratory was used to clarify the mechanism of N(2)O emission from soybean fields. Soybean plants inoculated with nosZ-defective strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 (ΔnosZ, lacking N(2)O reductase) were grown in aseptic jars. After 30 days, shoot decapitation (D, to promote nodule degradation), soil addition (S, to supply soil microbes), or both (DS) were applied. N(2)O was emitted only with DS treatment. Thus, both soil microbes and nodule degradation are required for the emission of N(2)O from the soybean rhizosphere. The N(2)O flux peaked 15 days after DS treatment. Nitrate addition markedly enhanced N(2)O emission. A (15)N tracer experiment indicated that N(2)O was derived from N fixed in the nodules. To evaluate the contribution of bradyrhizobia, N(2)O emission was compared between a nirK mutant (ΔnirKΔnosZ, lacking nitrite reductase) and ΔnosZ. The N(2)O flux from the ΔnirKΔnosZ rhizosphere was significantly lower than that from ΔnosZ, but was still 40% to 60% of that of ΔnosZ, suggesting that N(2)O emission is due to both B. japonicum and other soil microorganisms. Only nosZ-competent B. japonicum (nosZ+ strain) could take up N(2)O. Therefore, during nodule degradation, both B. japonicum and other soil microorganisms release N(2)O from nodule N via their denitrification processes (N(2)O source), whereas nosZ-competent B. japonicum exclusively takes up N(2)O (N(2)O sink). Net N(2)O flux from soybean rhizosphere is likely determined by the balance of N(2)O source and sink.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Inaba
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2–1–1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980–8577,
Japan
| | - Fumio Ikenishi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2–1–1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980–8577,
Japan
| | - Manabu Itakura
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2–1–1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980–8577,
Japan
| | - Masakazu Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2–1–1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980–8577,
Japan
| | - Shima Eda
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2–1–1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980–8577,
Japan
| | - Naohiko Chiba
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1–13–27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112–8551,
Japan
| | - Chie Katsuyama
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1–13–27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112–8551,
Japan
| | - Yuichi Suwa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1–13–27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112–8551,
Japan
| | - Hisayuki Mitsui
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2–1–1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980–8577,
Japan
| | - Kiwamu Minamisawa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2–1–1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980–8577,
Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nishizawa T, Komatsuzaki M, Kaneko N, Ohta H. Archaeal Diversity of Upland Rice Field Soils Assessed by the Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Method Combined with Real Time Quantitative-PCR and a Clone Library Analysis. Microbes Environ 2012; 23:237-43. [PMID: 21558714 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.23.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The PCR amplification-based analysis of microbial diversity is subject to potential problems. In this study, to minimize the bias toward a 1:1 ratio in multitemplate PCR, a real-time PCR assay was carried out using a quenching fluorescence dye primer and amplification efficiency was monitored. Then terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) profiling was performed using the PCR product with minimized PCR bias. This method was applied to an analysis of the diversity of the archaeal community in an upland rice field under different tillage systems and winter cover cropping. Terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs) of PCR-amplified archaeal 16S rRNA genes were assigned to the gene sequences recovered from the same soil by using an archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone library. Our results indicated that soil archaeal members were not influenced but the relative abundance of archaeal species particularly those belonging to Crenarchaeota which changed between the tillage and non-tillage treatments.
Collapse
|
6
|
Nishizawa T, Zhaorigetu, Komatsuzaki M, Sato Y, Kaneko N, Ohta H. Molecular characterization of fungal communities in non-tilled, cover-cropped upland rice field soils. Microbes Environ 2011; 25:204-10. [PMID: 21597240 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me10108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize soil fungal communities in upland rice fields managed with tillage/non-tillage and winter cover-cropping (hairy vetch and cereal rye) practices, using PCR-based molecular methods. The study plots were maintained as upland fields for 5 years and the soils sampled in the second and fifth years were analyzed using T-RFLP (terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism) profiling and clone libraries with the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and domain 1 (D1) of the fungal large-subunit (fLSU) rRNA (D1(fLSU)) as the target DNA sequence. From the 2nd-year-sample, 372 cloned sequences of fungal ITS-D1(fLSU) were obtained and clustered into 80 nonredundant fungal OTUs (operational taxonomic units) in 4 fungal phyla. The T-RFLP profiling was performed with the 2nd- and 5th-year-samples and the major T-RFs (terminal restriction fragments) were identified using a theoretical fragment analysis of the ITS-D1(fLSU) clones. These molecular analyses showed that the fungal community was influenced more strongly by the cover-cropping than tillage practices. Moreover, the non-tilled, cover-cropped soil was characterized by a predominance of Cryptococcus sp. in the phylum Basidiomycota. We provided a genetic database of the fungal ITS-D1(fLSU)s in the differently managed soils of upland rice fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Nishizawa
- Ibaraki University College of Agriculture, 3–21–1 Chuou, Ami-machi, Ibaraki 300–0393, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Inaba S, Tanabe K, Eda S, Ikeda S, Higashitani A, Mitsui H, Minamisawa K. Nitrous oxide emission and microbial community in the rhizosphere of nodulated soybeans during the late growth period. Microbes Environ 2011; 24:64-7. [PMID: 21566356 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me08544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined N(2)O emissions from the rhizosphere of field-grown soybeans during the late growth stage (99-117 days after sowing). Marked emissions were detected from the nodulated root systems of field-grown soybeans, whereas a non-nodulating soybean mutant showed no emission. Degraded nodules exclusively generated the N(2)O. A culture-independent analysis of microbial communities showed Bradyrhizobium sp., Acidvorax facilis, Salmonella enterica, Xanthomonas sp., Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas putida, Fusarium sp., nematodes, and other protozoans to be more abundant in the degraded nodules, suggesting that some of these organisms participate in the N(2)O emission process in the soybean rhizosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Inaba
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoboku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Katsuyama C, Kondo N, Suwa Y, Yamagishi T, Itoh M, Ohte N, Kimura H, Nagaosa K, Kato K. Denitrification Activity and Relevant Bacteria Revealed by Nitrite Reductase Gene Fragments in Soil of Temperate Mixed Forest. Microbes Environ 2008; 23:337-45. [DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me08541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chie Katsuyama
- Graducate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Naho Kondo
- Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University
| | - Yuichi Suwa
- Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chuo University
| | - Takao Yamagishi
- Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
| | | | - Nobuhito Ohte
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University
- Department of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University
| | - Kazuyo Nagaosa
- Department of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University
| | - Kenji Kato
- Graducate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
- Graduate School of Science, Shizuoka University
- Department of Geosciences, Faculty of Science, Shizuoka University
| |
Collapse
|