In situ aortic thrombosis secondary to intra-abdominal abscess

Amyand's hernia: which oncologic risk can be hidden in the sac?

Amyand's hernia (AH) is a rare condition in which the appendix is found in the sac of an inguinal hernia. It occurs in only 1% of adult inguinal hernias. The herniated appendix can occasionally range varying degrees of acute inflammation up to neoplastic transformation. An appendiceal tumor can be rarely described inside the AH sac. We describe a case of gangrenous appendicitis in AH and offer a review of the literature on AH when presenting with appendicitis associated with appendiceal cancer. As of 2022, only nine cases of AH presenting with appendicitis associated with appendiceal cancer have been reported by the pertinent literature. In order of decreasing frequency, AH, AH-related appendicitis and AH-related appendicitis associated with appendiceal cancer are three rare conditions. Particular attention should be kept in each situation as diagnosis is achieved postoperatively most of the times.

Preoperative diagnosis of Amyand's hernia by ultrasound and computed tomography

Inguinal hernia is the most common seen groin hernias which mostly contain bowel. The incidence of vermiform appendix in an inguinal hernia is seen in 1% of all inguinal hernia. This is known as Amyand's hernia. Appendix within a hernia can be normal or complicated by appendicitis. Most of these cases are not diagnosed preoperatively and managed during surgery. Preoperative diagnosis of these cases is so rare. Very few cases have been reported so far. In our case, we diagnosed an inflamed appendix in a 49 years old female within right inguinal hernia by using ultrasound and confirmed it by CT scan.

Amyand's hernia: a review

Amyand’s hernia is defined as when the appendix is trapped within an inguinal hernia. While the incidence of this type of hernia is rare, the appendix may become incarcerated within Amyand’s hernia and lead to further complications such as strangulation and perforation. Incarceration of the appendix most commonly occurs within inguinal and femoral hernias, but may arise to a lesser extent in incisional and umbilical hernias. Incarcerated appendix has been reported in a variety of ventral abdominal and inguinal locations, yet its indistinct clinical presentation represents a diagnostic challenge. This paper reviews the literature on incarceration of the appendix within inguinal hernias and discusses current approaches to diagnosis and treatment of Amyand’s hernia and complications that may arise from incarceration of the appendix within the hernia.