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Nuñez-Penichet C, Osorio-Olvera L, Gonzalez VH, Cobos ME, Jiménez L, DeRaad DA, Alkishe A, Contreras-Díaz RG, Nava-Bolaños A, Utsumi K, Ashraf U, Adeboje A, Peterson AT, Soberon J. Geographic potential of the world's largest hornet, Vespa mandarinia Smith (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), worldwide and particularly in North America. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10690. [PMID: 33520462 PMCID: PMC7811286 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Asian giant hornet (AGH, Vespa mandarinia) is the world's largest hornet, occurring naturally in the Indomalayan region, where it is a voracious predator of pollinating insects including honey bees. In September 2019, a nest of Asian giant hornets was detected outside of Vancouver, British Columbia; multiple individuals were detected in British Columbia and Washington state in 2020; and another nest was found and eradicated in Washington state in November 2020, indicating that the AGH may have successfully wintered in North America. Because hornets tend to spread rapidly and become pests, reliable estimates of the potential invasive range of V. mandarinia in North America are needed to assess likely human and economic impacts, and to guide future eradication attempts. Here, we assess climatic suitability for AGH in North America, and suggest that, without control, this species could establish populations across the Pacific Northwest and much of eastern North America. Predicted suitable areas for AGH in North America overlap broadly with areas where honey production is highest, as well as with species-rich areas for native bumble bees and stingless bees of the genus Melipona in Mexico, highlighting the economic and environmental necessity of controlling this nascent invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nuñez-Penichet
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Luis Osorio-Olvera
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Departamento de Ecología de la Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Victor H Gonzalez
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Undergraduate Biology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Marlon E Cobos
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Laura Jiménez
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Devon A DeRaad
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Abdelghafar Alkishe
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Rusby G Contreras-Díaz
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas. Unidad de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Kaera Utsumi
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Uzma Ashraf
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adeola Adeboje
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - A Townsend Peterson
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Jorge Soberon
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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Herrera C, Leza M, Martínez-López E. Diversity of compounds in Vespa spp. venom and the epidemiology of its sting: a global appraisal. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3609-3627. [PMID: 32700166 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02859-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Poisonous animals imply a risk to human life, because their venom is a complex mixture of low molecular weight components, peptides and proteins. Hornets use the venom for self-defence, to repel intruders and to capture prey, but they can cause poisoning and allergic reactions to people. In particular, they seem to be a health problem in the countries where they are native due to their sting, which in the most severe cases can lead to severe or fatal systemic anaphylaxis. But this situation is being an emerging problem for new countries and continents because hornet incursions are increasing in the global change scenario, such as in Europe and America. Furthermore, 55 detailed cases of hornet sting were found in 27 papers during the current review where 36.4% died due to, mainly, a multi-organ failure, where renal failure and liver dysfunction were the most common complications. Moreover, the great taxonomic, ecological diversity, geographical distribution and the wide spectrum of pathophysiological symptoms of hornets have been the focus of new research. Considering this, the present systematic review summarizes the current knowledge about the components of Vespa venom and the epidemiology of its sting to serve as reference for the new research focused on the development of techniques for diagnosis, new drugs and treatments of its sting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cayetano Herrera
- Department of Biology (Zoology), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Mar Leza
- Department of Biology (Zoology), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Balearic Islands, Spain.
| | - Emma Martínez-López
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.,Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Gong J, Yuan H, Gao Z, Hu F. Wasp venom and acute kidney injury: The mechanisms and therapeutic role of renal replacement therapy. Toxicon 2019; 163:1-7. [PMID: 30880185 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Stinging accidents involving wasp venom are a notable cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in Asia. However, very little attention has been paid to the understanding of the mechanisms involved in this type of AKI. The aims of this review are to explore the evidence for the mechanisms and the therapeutic role of renal replacement therapy of wasp venom and AKI. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed for the association among wasp venom and AKI. Wasp venom is a complex mixture of biologically active components, including enzymes, amines, and peptides. Wasp venom may induce local anaphylaxis reactions as well as systemic reactions such as AKI. AKI may develop as a result of direct nephrotoxic effects of the venom or secondary intravascular hemolysis and/or rhabdomyolysis. Histopathological features of renal biopsies predominantly include acute tubular necrosis and acute interstitial nephritis. Renal replacement therapy, which includes intermittent hemodialysis, hemoperfusion, plasmapheresis, continuous renal replacement therapy, and peritoneal dialysis, has been used to treat severe AKI cases induced by wasp stings. Continuous renal replacement therapy appears to provide more benefit than intermittent hemodialysis in the treatment of wasp sting-induced AKI. In this review, we summarize the existing evidence of the mechanisms and treatment for venom-induced AKI, with a particular emphasis on the role of renal replacement therapy in the management of severe AKI following massive wasp stings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Hai Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Zhao Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Fengqi Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China.
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Ezhilnilavan S, Priyamvada PS, Srinivas BH, Satish H, Parameswaran S. Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following hymenopteran stings. Postgrad Med J 2018; 94:418-420. [PMID: 29626057 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2018-135608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ezhilnilavan
- Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - P S Priyamvada
- Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - B H Srinivas
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - H Satish
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - S Parameswaran
- Department of Nephrology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
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Vikrant S, Parashar A. Acute kidney injury due to multiple Hymenoptera stings-a clinicopathological study. Clin Kidney J 2017; 10:532-538. [PMID: 29340149 PMCID: PMC5761506 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfx010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) after multiple Hymenoptera stings is well known but still a rare phenomenon. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of the clinicopathological spectrum of AKI due to multiple Hymenoptera stings over 13 years (July 2003-June 2016). Results A total of 35 patients were diagnosed with AKI due to multiple Hymenoptera stings. The mean age of the patients was 44.7 ± 17.4 years and the majority (60%) were men. Haematological and biochemical laboratory abnormalities included anaemia (97.1%), leucocytosis (54.3%), hyperkalaemia (68.6%), severe metabolic acidosis (51.4%), hepatic dysfunction (74.3%), haemolysis (91.4%) and rhabdomyolysis (62.9%). The main complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and encephalopathy in four (11.4%) patients each; gastrointestinal bleeding, hypertension and panniculitis in two (5.7%) patients each and one (2.9%) patient each developed intra-abdominal bleeding, stroke and polyserositis. Twenty-nine (83%) patients required dialysis. Ten (29%) patients died. A higher white blood cell count (P = 0.05) and the complications of ARDS (P = 0.004) and encephalopathy (P = 0.004) were associated with mortality. The kidney functions normalized at 5.5 ± 2.6 weeks in patients who survived. Kidney biopsy was done in 13 patients. The predominant lesion was acute tubular necrosis (ATN) with or without pigmented granular cast in 10 (77%) patients. In four (30.8%) patients, the kidney biopsy showed severe ATN and in the other six (46.2%), the kidney biopsy showed features of ATN associated with mild to moderate acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). In three (23%) patients the histopathological examination revealed only moderate AIN and these patients were treated with a short course of steroids. Conclusions AKI due to multiple Hymenoptera stings is severe and is associated with high mortality. On renal histology, ATN and AIN are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Vikrant
- Department of Nephrology, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Parashar
- Community Medicine, Indira Gandhi Medial College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Liu Z, Li XD, Guo BH, Li Y, Zhao M, Shen HY, Zhai Y, Wang XL, Liu T. Acute interstitial nephritis, toxic hepatitis and toxic myocarditis following multiple Asian giant hornet stings in Shaanxi Province, China. Environ Health Prev Med 2016; 21:231-6. [PMID: 26910407 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-016-0516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During July to October 2013, the Asian giant hornet has killed 42 and injured 1,675 people in the southern part of Shaanxi Province, China. This study investigated this unusual and frequent public health event. METHODS During the 3 months, 103 patients with severe Asian hornet stings were hospitalized in our hospital. Clinical data were collected using a standardized data collection form which included sex, age, length of hospital stay and medical recorder. RESULTS After physical examination and laboratory investigation, 25.2, 46.6 and 44.7 % of the patients were found with varying degrees of acute interstitial nephritis, acute toxic hepatitis and acute toxic myocarditis, respectively. After timely and appropriate treatment including removal of the stings and the use of intravenous methylprednisolone and antihistamines, the kidney function, liver function and heart function of 99 patients recovered within 1 month, while four patients died. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a good opportunity for recognizing the effect of Asian giant hornet stings and evaluating this serious public health event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Pathology, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Li
- Department of Nephrology, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo-Hui Guo
- Department of Nephrology, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nephrology, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shen
- Department of Nephrology, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Zhai
- Department of Nephrology, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue-Li Wang
- Intensive Care Unit, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Medical Education, 3201 Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Hanzhong, 723000, Shaanxi, China.
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