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Hamdi M, Elmowafy E, Abdel-Bar HM, ElKashlan AM, Al-Jamal KT, Awad GAS. Hyaluronic acid-entecavir conjugates-core/lipid-shell nanohybrids for efficient macrophage uptake and hepatotropic prospects. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:731-747. [PMID: 35841964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Drug covalently bound to polymers had formed, lately, platforms with great promise in drug delivery. These drug polymer conjugates (DPC) boosted drug loading and controlled medicine release with targeting ability. Herein, the ability of entecavir (E) conjugated to hyaluronic acid (HA) forming the core of vitamin E coated lipid nanohybrids (EE-HA LPH), to target Kupffer cells and hepatocyte had been proved. The drug was associated to HA with efficiency of 93.48 ± 3.14 % and nanohybrids loading of 22.02 ± 2.3 %. DiI labelled lipidic nanohybrids improved the macrophage uptake in J774 cells with a 21 day hepatocytes retention post intramuscular injection. Finally, in vivo biocompatibility and safety with respect to body weight, organs indices and histopathological alterations were demonstrated. Coating with vitamin E and conjugation of E to HA (a CD44 ligand), could give grounds for prospective application for vectored nano-platform in hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Enas Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Hend Mohamed Abdel-Bar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt; Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Akram M ElKashlan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Khuloud T Al-Jamal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Gehanne A S Awad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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Madeddu G, Fiore V, Melis M, Ortu S, Mannu F, Muredda AA, Garrucciu G, Bandiera F, Zaru S, Bagella P, Calvisi DF, Babudieri S. Mitochondrial toxicity and body shape changes during nucleos(t)ide analogues administration in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2014. [PMID: 32029790 PMCID: PMC7005185 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58837-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study purpose was to evaluate mitochondrial (mt)DNA and RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and body shape changes (BSC) in HBV-infected patients. mtDNA and mtRNA were measured in PBMCs. The presence of BSC was evaluated through a questionnaire and clinical evaluation. A total of 157 subjects were enrolled, of these 107 were HBV-infected patients, 54 receiving nucleoside analogues (NAs, Group A), 53 naive to antivirals (Group B) and 50 age-sex matched controls (Group C). All HBV-treated patients had negative HBV–DNA. Twenty (37,0%) received lamivudine + adefovir, 20 (37.0%) tenofovir, 2 (3.7%) lamivudine and 12 (22.2%) entecavir. Therapy median duration was 38 months (IQR 20–60) in NA-treated patients. Group A showed significantly higher mtDNA/nuclear (n) DNA ratio (p = 0.000008) compared to Group C and Group B (p = 0.002). Group B showed significantly higher mtDNA/nDNA ratio compared to Group C (p = 0.017). Group A and B had significantly lower mtRNA/nRNA ratio compared to Group C (p = 0.00003 and p = 0.00006, respectively). Tenofovir and entecavir showed less impact compared to lamivudine + adefovir. mtDNA/nDNA ratio positively (Rho = 0.34, p < 0.05) and mtRNA/nRNA ratio negatively (Rho = −0.34, p < 0.05) correlated with therapy duration. BSC were significantly more frequent in Group A [10/54 (18.5%)] compared to Group B [3/53 (5.6%, p = 0.04)] and Group C [0/50, (p = 0.0009)]. In conclusion, long-term NA therapy was associated both to mitochondrial toxicity and BSC, showing significant differences in mtDNA and mtRNA levels. Tenofovir and entecavir showed lower impact on alterations, compared to 1st generation NA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Madeddu
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Vito Fiore
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Michela Melis
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Ortu
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Franca Mannu
- Nurexbiotech, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto Augusto Muredda
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Garrucciu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Franco Bandiera
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Zaru
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Bagella
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Diego Francesco Calvisi
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sergio Babudieri
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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