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Li F, Zhang H, Tao Y, Stascheit F, Han J, Gao F, Liu H, Carmona-Bayonas A, Li Z, Rueckert JC, Meisel A, Zhao S. Prediction of the generalization of myasthenia gravis with purely ocular symptoms at onset: a multivariable model development and validation. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2022; 15:17562864221104508. [PMID: 35755967 PMCID: PMC9218496 DOI: 10.1177/17562864221104508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background About half of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients with purely ocular symptoms at onset progress to generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG). Objectives To develop and validate a model to predict the generalization of MG at 6 months after disease onset in patients with ocular-onset myasthenia gravis (OoMG). Methods Data of patients with OoMG were retrospectively collected from two tertiary hospitals in Germany and China. An accelerated failure time model was developed using the backward elimination method based on the German cohort to predict the generalization of OoMG. The model was then externally validated in the Chinese cohort, and its performance was assessed using Harrell's C-index and calibration plots. Results Four hundred and seventy-seven patients (275 from Germany and 202 from China) were eligible for inclusion. One hundred and three (37.5%) patients in the German cohort progressed from OoMG to gMG with a median follow-up time of 69 (32-116) months. The median time to generalization was 29 (16-71) months. The estimated cumulative probability of generalization was 30.5% [95% CI (confidence interval), 24.3-36.2%) at 5 years after disease onset. The final model, which was represented as a nomogram, included five clinical variables: sex, titer of anti-AChR antibody, status of anti-MuSK antibody, age at disease onset and the presence of other autoimmune disease. External validation of the model using the bootstrap showed a C-index of 0.670 (95% CI, 0.602-0.738). Calibration curves revealed moderate agreement of predicted and observed outcomes. Conclusion The nomogram is a good predictor for generalization in patients with OoMG that can be used to inform of the individual generalization risk, which might improve the clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Competence Center of Thoracic Surgery, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ya Tao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Obstetric Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Frauke Stascheit
- Department of Neurology, Integrated Center for Myasthenia Gravis, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jiaojiao Han
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Alberto Carmona-Bayonas
- Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain
| | - Zhongmin Li
- Department of Surgery, Competence Center of Thoracic Surgery, Charite University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens-C Rueckert
- Department of Surgery, Competence Center of Thoracic Surgery, Charite University Hospital Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Meisel
- Department of Neurology, Integrated Center for Myasthenia Gravis, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
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Payet CA, You A, Fayet OM, Dragin N, Berrih-Aknin S, Le Panse R. Myasthenia Gravis: An Acquired Interferonopathy? Cells 2022; 11:cells11071218. [PMID: 35406782 PMCID: PMC8997999 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease mediated by antibodies against components of the neuromuscular junction, particularly the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). The thymus plays a primary role in AChR-MG patients. In early-onset AChR-MG and thymoma-associated MG, an interferon type I (IFN-I) signature is clearly detected in the thymus. The origin of this chronic IFN-I expression in the thymus is not yet defined. IFN-I subtypes are normally produced in response to viral infection. However, genetic diseases called interferonopathies are associated with an aberrant chronic production of IFN-I defined as sterile inflammation. Some systemic autoimmune diseases also share common features with interferonopathies. This review aims to analyze the pathogenic role of IFN-I in these diseases as compared to AChR-MG in order to determine if AChR-MG could be an acquired interferonopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cloé A Payet
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Axel You
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Odessa-Maud Fayet
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nadine Dragin
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sonia Berrih-Aknin
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Rozen Le Panse
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
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Li K, Hou X, Li R, Bi W, Yang F, Chen X, Xiao P, Liu T, Lu T, Zhou Y, Tian Z, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Fang H, Sun J, Yu X. Identification and structure-function analyses of an allosteric inhibitor of the tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8653-8663. [PMID: 30979725 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.007129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22) is a lymphoid-specific tyrosine phosphatase (LYP), and mutations in the PTPN22 gene are highly correlated with a spectrum of autoimmune diseases. However, compounds and mechanisms that specifically inhibit LYP enzymes to address therapeutic needs to manage these diseases remain to be discovered. Here, we conducted a similarity search of a commercial database for PTPN22 inhibitors and identified several LYP inhibitor scaffolds, which helped identify one highly active inhibitor, NC1. Using noncompetitive inhibition curve and phosphatase assays, we determined NC1's inhibition mode toward PTPN22 and its selectivity toward a panel of phosphatases. We found that NC1 is a noncompetitive LYP inhibitor and observed that it exhibits selectivity against other protein phosphatases and effectively inhibits LYP activity in lymphoid T cells and modulates T-cell receptor signaling. Results from site-directed mutagenesis, fragment-centric topographic mapping, and molecular dynamics simulation experiments suggested that NC1, unlike other known LYP inhibitors, concurrently binds to a "WPD" pocket and a second pocket surrounded by an LYP-specific insert, which contributes to its selectivity against other phosphatases. Moreover, using a newly developed method to incorporate the unnatural amino acid 2-fluorine-tyrosine and 19F NMR spectroscopy, we provide direct evidence that NC1 allosterically regulates LYP activity by restricting WPD-loop movement. In conclusion, our approach has identified a new allosteric binding site in LYP useful for selective LYP inhibitor development; we propose that the 19F NMR probe developed here may also be useful for characterizing allosteric inhibitors of other tyrosine phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangshuai Li
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xuben Hou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Ruirui Li
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Wenxiang Bi
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Tiange Lu
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhaomei Tian
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yuemao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yingkai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003; NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Jiangyun Wang
- Laboratory of Quantum Biophysics and Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (MOE), School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinpeng Sun
- Key Laboratory Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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