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Neşelioğlu S, Fırat Oğuz E, Erel Ö. Development of a New Colorimetric, Kinetic and Automated Ceruloplasmin Ferroxidase Activity Measurement Method. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112187. [PMID: 36358559 PMCID: PMC9686494 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ceruloplasmin plays an important role in the regulation of iron metabolism. Ceruloplasmin is an acute-phase protein known to have many metabolic effects. Its activity increases during infection, inflammation, and compensation of oxidation. In the current study, our aim is to develop a new method for the measurement of ferroxidase activity without requiring any chromogen. Methods: Venous blood samples were collected into serum separator tubes. Ferric iron ions formed by the enzyme ferroxidase were measured, both manually and fully automatically, at the 415 nm wavelength without using chromogen. These results were compared to conventional ferroxidase measurement methods and to the immunoturbidimetric ceruloplasmin measurement method. Results: The detection limit of the new assay was 14.8 U/L. The upper limit of the linearity was 1380 U/L. Precision values were calculated for high, medium, and low levels of ferroxidase activity in serum pool. The coefficient of variation was <5% for each level. Conclusion: In the present method, chromogens are not used. With its considerably low cost and short reaction time, this method is able to provide fast results, can be performed easily, and makes accurate measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Neşelioğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-506-787-62-45
| | - Esra Fırat Oğuz
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Özcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Youale J, Bigot K, Kodati B, Jaworski T, Fan Y, Nsiah NY, Pappenhagen N, Inman DM, Behar-Cohen F, Bordet T, Picard E. Neuroprotective Effects of Transferrin in Experimental Glaucoma Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112753. [PMID: 36361544 PMCID: PMC9659282 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for retinal metabolism, but an excess of ferrous iron causes oxidative stress. In glaucomatous eyes, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death has been associated with dysregulation of iron homeostasis. Transferrin (TF) is an endogenous iron transporter that controls ocular iron levels. Intraocular administration of TF is neuroprotective in various models of retinal degeneration, preventing iron overload and reducing iron-induced oxidative stress. Herein, we assessed the protective effects of TF on RGC survival, using ex vivo rat retinal explants exposed to iron, NMDA-induced excitotoxicity, or CoCl2-induced hypoxia, and an in vivo rat model of ocular hypertension (OHT). TF significantly preserved RGCs against FeSO4-induced toxicity, NMDA-induced excitotoxicity, and CoCl2-induced hypoxia. TF protected RGCs from apoptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis. In OHT rats, TF reduced RGC loss by about 70% compared to vehicle-treated animals and preserved about 47% of the axons. Finally, increased iron staining was shown in the retina of a glaucoma patient's eye as compared to non-glaucomatous eyes. These results indicate that TF can interfere with different cell-death mechanisms involved in glaucoma pathogenesis and demonstrate the ability of TF to protect RGCs exposed to elevated IOP. Altogether, these results suggest that TF is a promising treatment against glaucoma neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Youale
- Eyevensys, 11 Rue Watt, 75013 Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, From Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases to Clinical Development, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Bindu Kodati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Thara Jaworski
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, From Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases to Clinical Development, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Nana Yaa Nsiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Nathaniel Pappenhagen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Denise M. Inman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Eyevensys, 11 Rue Watt, 75013 Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, From Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases to Clinical Development, 75006 Paris, France
- Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 24 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Thierry Bordet
- Eyevensys, 11 Rue Watt, 75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (E.P.)
| | - Emilie Picard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, From Physiopathology of Ocular Diseases to Clinical Development, 75006 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (E.P.)
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Bocca B, Forte G, Pisano A, Farace C, Giancipoli E, Pinna A, Dore S, Madeddu R. A pilot study to evaluate the levels of aqueous humor trace elements in open-angle glaucoma. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126560. [PMID: 32485500 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is the most common form of chronic, progressive optic neuropathies characterized by slow degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells and their axons, resulting in visual field loss. Risk factors for this disease are elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), increased age, European and African ethnicity, family history, myopia and decreased corneal thickness. In addition, studies indicated that levels of trace elements are also significantly related to the POAG. METHOD The association between toxic and essential elements and POAG was explored in a population-based case-control study in the Sardinia Island (Italy). The aqueous humor levels of Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were measured in 25 POAG patients compared to 20 age- and gender-matched healthy controls by sector field inductively coupled mass spectrometry. Risk factors as gender, age and increased IOP were also explored. RESULTS The concentrations of Fe, Hg and Zn were significantly higher in POAG patients than in control subjects, showing these elements as possible determinants in POAG development or degeneration. Other findings were the increased Cu and Fe levels in glaucomatous patients with age less than 70 years. Levels of Ni were found elevated in POAG females. Mercury accumulated more in POAG females, in patients over 70 years and in those with higher levels of IOP in the left eye. Moreover, the positive associations CuFe and Mn-Zn may indicate synergistic effects of elements. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these findings suggested a multifactorial role in the risk for POAG disease. The present study documented the levels of trace elements in aqueous humor of Sardinian POAG patients for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Forte
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute for Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Pisano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Cristiano Farace
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ermete Giancipoli
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/C, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Pinna
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/C, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefano Dore
- Department of Medical Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/C, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences-Histology, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; I.S.R.C.T.--International Society for Research on Cadmium Toxicity, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Picard E, Daruich A, Youale J, Courtois Y, Behar-Cohen F. From Rust to Quantum Biology: The Role of Iron in Retina Physiopathology. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030705. [PMID: 32183063 PMCID: PMC7140613 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for cell survival and function. It is a transition metal, that could change its oxidation state from Fe2+ to Fe3+ involving an electron transfer, the key of vital functions but also organ dysfunctions. The goal of this review is to illustrate the primordial role of iron and local iron homeostasis in retinal physiology and vision, as well as the pathological consequences of iron excess in animal models of retinal degeneration and in human retinal diseases. We summarize evidence of the potential therapeutic effect of iron chelation in retinal diseases and especially the interest of transferrin, a ubiquitous endogenous iron-binding protein, having the ability to treat or delay degenerative retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Picard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Team 17, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.B.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +331-44-27-81-82
| | - Alejandra Daruich
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Team 17, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.B.-C.)
- Ophthalmology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jenny Youale
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Team 17, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.B.-C.)
| | - Yves Courtois
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Team 17, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.B.-C.)
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Team 17, F-75006 Paris, France; (A.D.); (J.Y.); (Y.C.); (F.B.-C.)
- Ophtalmopole, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 24 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
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Comparative Quantitative Analysis of Porcine Optic Nerve Head and Retina Subproteomes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174229. [PMID: 31470587 PMCID: PMC6747248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic nerve head (ONH) and retina (RET) are the main sites of damage in neurodegenerative optic neuropathies including glaucoma. Up to date, little is known about the molecular interplay between these two adjoining ocular components in terms of proteomics. To close this gap, we investigated ONH and RET protein extracts derived from porcine eyes (n = 12) (Sus scrofa domestica Linnaeus 1758) using semi-quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics comprising bottom-up LC–ESI MS/MS and targeted SPE-MALDI-TOF MS analysis. In summary, more than 1600 proteins could be identified from the ONH/RET tissue complex. Moreover, ONH and RET displayed tissue-specific characteristics regarding their qualitative and semi-quantitative protein compositions. Gene ontology (GO)-based functional and protein–protein interaction analyses supported a close functional connection between the metabolic-related RET and the structural-associated ONH subproteomes, which could be affected under disease conditions. Inferred from the MS findings, stress-associated proteins including clusterin, ceruloplasmin, and endoplasmin can be proposed as extracellular mediators of the ONH/ RET proteome interface. In conclusion, ONH and RET show obvious proteomic differences reflecting characteristic functional features which have to be considered for future protein biomarker profiling studies.
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Fick A, Jünemann A, Michalke B, Lucio M, Hohberger B. Levels of serum trace elements in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 53:129-134. [PMID: 30910195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glaucoma disease is known as multifactorial. Trace elements seemed to be linked via oxidative stress mediated changes to the complex glaucoma pathophysiology. Thus, it was the aim of this study to investigate serum levels of trace elements in primary open-angle glaucoma patients (POAG). PATIENTS AND METHODS Peripheral venous blood samples were taken from a total of 40 subjects: 22 primary open-angle glaucoma patients (mean age 58.1 ± 13.9, female 8, male 14) and 18 controls (mean age 38.9 ± 11.6, 6 female 6, male 12). Serum samples of cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese and zinc were analyzed by Inductively-Coupled-Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (Cu, Fe, Zn) and Inductively-Coupled-Plasma-sectorfield-Mass-Spectrometry (Cd, Co, Mn, Pb, Se). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA and presented as log transformed LS-mean. RESULTS Patients with POAG had significantly increased serum levels of iron (2.98 ± 0.03 μg/L vs 2.98 ± 0.03 μg/L) when compared to controls, and of cadmium (1.57 ± 0.05 ng/L vs. 1.40 ± 0.06 ng/L) considering the interaction between age and the class variable (control versus POAG). A gender effect was seen for cadmium, cobalt, copper, and iron in controls and POAG patients. Iron concentration was reduced in dependency of age for both genders in normals, however lesser in POAG patients. No difference was seen in serum levels of lead, manganese, and zinc between patients with POAG and controls. CONCLUSION A significant elevation of serum cadmium and iron levels in POAG patients as well as an additional gender effect of cadmium, cobalt, copper, and iron in normals and POAG patients, may argue for a potential role of these trace elements in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Fick
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Anselm Jünemann
- University of Rostock, Doberaner Straße 140, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Marianna Lucio
- Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Bettina Hohberger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Erlangen, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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