1
|
Tsilova SL, Schreiber BE, Lever R, Parhizkar M. Polymeric nanoparticles produced by electrohydrodynamic atomisation for the passive delivery of imatinib. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 202:114412. [PMID: 39013491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Imatinib is a chemotherapeutic agent known to cause severe side effects when administrated systemically. Encapsulating imatinib in co-polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) offers a targeted drug delivery. In this work, PLGA 50:50 and PLGA 75:25 NPs encapsulated imatinib using the electrohydrodynamic atomisation technique. All particles generated were spherical with a smooth surface with a size distribution of 455±115 nm (PLGA 50:50) and 363±147 nm (PLGA 75:25). Encapsulation of imatinib was shown to be higher than 75 % and was shown to increase the zeta potential of the loaded NPs. The release of imatinib showed an initial burst in the first 12 h, followed by different sustained releases with up to 70 %. Both types of imatinib-loaded NPs' effect on cell viability and their cellular uptake were also studied on A549 cells, and the antiproliferative effect was comparable to that of cells treated with free drugs. Finally, Rhodamine-B-loaded NP-treated cells demonstrated the cellular uptake of NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin E Schreiber
- National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond Street, London, NW3 2QG, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Lever
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Parhizkar
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lucchetta M, Pellegrini M. Drug repositioning by merging active subnetworks validated in cancer and COVID-19. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19839. [PMID: 34615934 PMCID: PMC8494853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Computational drug repositioning aims at ranking and selecting existing drugs for novel diseases or novel use in old diseases. In silico drug screening has the potential for speeding up considerably the shortlisting of promising candidates in response to outbreaks of diseases such as COVID-19 for which no satisfactory cure has yet been found. We describe DrugMerge as a methodology for preclinical computational drug repositioning based on merging multiple drug rankings obtained with an ensemble of disease active subnetworks. DrugMerge uses differential transcriptomic data on drugs and diseases in the context of a large gene co-expression network. Experiments with four benchmark diseases demonstrate that our method detects in first position drugs in clinical use for the specified disease, in all four cases. Application of DrugMerge to COVID-19 found rankings with many drugs currently in clinical trials for COVID-19 in top positions, thus showing that DrugMerge can mimic human expert judgment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lucchetta
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), CNR, Pisa, 56124, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, 53100, Italy
| | - Marco Pellegrini
- Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), CNR, Pisa, 56124, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wijesiriwardhana P, Wetthasinghe K, Dissanayake VHW. Copy Number Variants Captured by the Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization in a Cohort of Patients Affected with Hereditary Colorectal Cancer in Sri Lanka: The First CNV Analysis Study of the Hereditary Colorectal Cancer in the Sri Lankan Population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:1957-1966. [PMID: 34181357 PMCID: PMC8418865 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.6.1957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the development of multiple cancer types. Molecular diagnosis of HNPCC requires the precise identification of pathogenic germline variants in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is now the gold standard test in practice, to identify these variants. However, large genomic rearrangements (LGR) in cancer predisposing genes (CPGs) are missed by NGS. This may lead to underestimation of the frequency of the variants, misleading the genetic diagnosis and delaying intervention in high risk individuals. Hence this study was aimed at identifying the presence of large genomic alterations that could explain the missing heritable risk of colon cancer in affected patients with family history strongly suggestive of hereditary colorectal cancer in Sri Lanka. METHODS A cohort of six patients affected with hereditary colorectal cancer who tested negative for pathogenic variants in next generation sequencing studies was investigated using Sure Print G3 Human CGH 4x180K microarray platform. Agilent Genomic-Workbench-v7.0.4.0 software was used to identify the Copy Number Variants (CNV). Four healthy individuals (>55years) were used as controls. Annotations of the CNV regions which were observed were done using the database of Genomic Variants. RESULTS We identified 150 CNVs including regions of both genomic gains and losses in the patient cohort. There was no difference in the average number or the average genomic burden of CNVs identified in the patients versus the controls. CNVs were residing on the positions of 1q21.2, 2q37.3, 2p11.2-p11.1, 5q13.2, 6p12.3, 7q31.33, 7p14.1, 14q32.33, 15q11.1-11.2, 16p11.2, 22q11.22, 22q13.1 that were assessed by the array platform used in the study. CNVs in any of the well-known common CPG s or CNVs that reside on or in close proximity to genes corresponding to MMR pathway were not identified. We found several distinct pathways that have previously been identified as having a direct association with the progression of HNPCC. CONCLUSION This study shows that CNVs are likely contributors to the colorectal cancer predisposition in a small but significant proportion of patients affected with hereditary colorectal cancer in this cohort. Further studies have to perform to get a better understanding on the contribution of CNVs to the cancer predisposition in this cohort of patients in the Sri Lankan population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhavi Wijesiriwardhana
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Sri Lanka.
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | - Kalum Wetthasinghe
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Esophageal cancer has recent shown a higher incidence but lower 5-year survival rate after normal clinical treatment in China. The aim of this study was to observe whether the inhibition of miR-196a affects esophageal cancer cell growth by modulating the nuclear factor-κB target gene and to detect the possible cooperative therapeutic effects on esophageal cancer by knocking down miR-196a expression combined with the specific inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB target genes. Thus, anti-miR-196a or sotrastaurin, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, were used to alter PKC expression. We found that miR-196a knockdown or PKC inhibition by sotrastaurin changed PKC expression which then reduced esophageal cancer cell proliferation and downregulated proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression via the classical B-cell receptor-PKC nuclear factor-κB pathway but not the alternative pathway; in addition, miR-196a inhibition can increase the caspase level and induce esophageal cancer cell apoptosis. Our current results provided the evidence that miR-196a was related to the classical nuclear factor-κB pathway, and these new findings proved the potential therapeutic effect of miR-196a in targeted therapy for clinical esophageal cancer patients.
Collapse
|
5
|
Imatinib exhibit synergistic pleiotropy in the prevention of colorectal cancer by suppressing proinflammatory, cell survival and angiogenic signaling. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109803. [PMID: 33022360 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent global incidences and mortality rates have placed colorectal cancer (CRC) at third and second positions, respectively, among both sexes of all ages. Resistance during chemotherapy is a big problem in the treatment and disease-free survival of CRC patients. Discovery of new anticancer drug(s) is a time taking process and therefore, invites studies for repurposing the known therapeutics. The present study was conceived to analyze the anticancer role of Imatinib in experimental CRC at early stages. Different experimental procedures e.g. tumor incidences or histoarchitectural changes, gene and protein expression analysis, estimations of intracellular calcium, ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptotic index and molecular docking was performed to support the hypothesis. It was observed that Imatinib could function as an immunomodulator by breaking the feed-back loop between the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) and transcription factors (NF-κB, Jak3/Stat3) knowingly involved in increased cell proliferation during tumorigenesis via activating different intracellular signaling. Also, Imatinib could independently deregulate the other cell survival and proliferation signaling e.g. PI3-K/Akt/mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin and MAPK. Proinflammatory cytokines orchestrated intracellular signaling also involve angiogenic factors to be upregulated during CRC which were also seemed to be independently suppressed by Imatinib. Restoration of physiological apoptosis by increasing the release of intracellular calcium to generate ROS thereby reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential for the release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3 was also reported with Imatinib administration. Thus, it may be suggested that Imatinib show synergistic pleiotropy in suppressing the interlinked tumorigenic signaling pathways independently.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kotlarz A, Przybyszewska M, Swoboda P, Neska J, Miłoszewska J, Grygorowicz MA, Kutner A, Markowicz S. Imatinib inhibits the regrowth of human colon cancer cells after treatment with 5-FU and cooperates with vitamin D analogue PRI-2191 in the downregulation of expression of stemness-related genes in 5-FU refractory cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 189:48-62. [PMID: 30772447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Conventional cytotoxic drugs preferentially eliminate differentiated cancer cells but spare relatively more resistant stem-like cancer cells capable to initiate recurrence. Due to cancer cell plasticity, the stem-like phenotype can be also acquired by cancer cells refractory to treatment with cytotoxic drugs. We investigated whether drugs inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinases could be used to target human colon cancer cells initiating cancer regrowth following conventional cytotoxic treatment. The moderately differentiated cell line HT-29 and poorly differentiated cell line HCT-116 were exposed to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Cells that resisted the exposure to 5-FU were subsequently treated with imatinib or sunitinib. Both drugs reduced clonogenicity of 5-FU-refractory cells under normoxic and hypoxic culture conditions. The expression of numerous stemness-related genes was upregulated in cancer cells following the exposure to 5-FU, and remained at a high level in 5-FU-refractory cells undergoing renewal under normoxia, but decreased spontaneously under hypoxia. Imatinib downregulated the expression of stemness-related genes in cells undergoing renewal under normoxia. A combination of imatinib with PRI-2191, an analogue of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, downregulated stemness-related genes in HCT-116/5-FU cells more efficiently than imatinib alone. A synthetic analogue of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 (PRI-1906) abolished the effect of imatinib on gene expression in HCT-116/5-FU cells undergoing renewal under normoxia. Sunitinib promoted shift of phenotype of HT-29/5-FU cells undergoing renewal toward stem-like one. It suggests that the phenotype shift toward stemness induced by sequential sunitinib treatment following 5-FU treatment could increase a risk of cancer recurrence. In contrast to sunitinib, imatinib could be used both to interfere with cancer regrowth after conventional chemotherapy and to downregulate the expression of stemness-related genes in residual colon cancer cells capable to initiate cancer recurrence. The findings suggest that imatinib could also be combined with vitamin D analogue PRI-2191 to prevent recurrence more efficiently than imatinib alone and to compensate for vitamin D deficiency resulting from imatinib treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Kotlarz
- Department of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, 5 WK Roentgen Str., 02-781 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Przybyszewska
- Department of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, 5 WK Roentgen Str., 02-781 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Paweł Swoboda
- Department of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, 5 WK Roentgen Str., 02-781 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Jacek Neska
- Department of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, 5 WK Roentgen Str., 02-781 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Joanna Miłoszewska
- Department of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, 5 WK Roentgen Str., 02-781 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Monika Anna Grygorowicz
- Department of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, 5 WK Roentgen Str., 02-781 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Kutner
- Pharmacology Department, Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 8 Rydygiera, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sergiusz Markowicz
- Department of Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, 5 WK Roentgen Str., 02-781 Warszawa, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bakar-Ates F, Ozkan E. The combined treatment of brassinin and imatinib synergistically downregulated the expression of MMP-9 in SW480 colon cancer cells. Phytother Res 2018; 33:397-402. [PMID: 30450754 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In cancer treatment, which is a major cause of mortality today, combination studies with clinically used chemotherapeutics are becoming increasingly important as much as investigating the effects of novel natural compounds. In this context, phytoalexins constitute an important group due to their unique structure. Brassinin is an essential indole phytoalexin and is a biosynthetic precursor for other phytoalexins. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of brassinin in combination with imatinib in SW480 cells. In the study, it was observed that brassinin-imatinib combination significantly increased cytotoxicity compared with the single treatment of both compounds and inhibited cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. Annexin V binding and fluorescence imaging assays showed that the combination of brasinin-imatinib induces apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effect of brassinin on the activity of MMP-9 in SW480 cells was evaluated for the first time, and it was detected that MMP-9 activity was significantly reduced. The combination of brassinin-imatinib was found to inhibit MMP-9 activity as well as relative MMP-9 gene expression on a higher level compared with control and compounds alone. Our findings have revealed that the combination of brassinin-imatinib synergistically induces cytotoxicity and apoptosis in SW480 cells. The findings on MMP-9 downregulation have also revealed the anti-metastatic potential of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Bakar-Ates
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erva Ozkan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Środa-Pomianek K, Michalak K, Świątek P, Poła A, Palko-Łabuz A, Wesołowska O. Increased lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and selective cytotoxicity in colon cancer cell line LoVo and its doxorubicin-resistant subline LoVo/Dx in the presence of newly synthesized phenothiazine derivatives. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:624-636. [PMID: 29990852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells often develop the resistance to pro-apoptotic signaling that makes them invulnerable to conventional treatment. Therapeutic strategies that make cancer cells enter the path of apoptosis are desirable due to the avoidance of inflammatory reaction that usually accompanies necrosis. In the present study phenothiazines (fluphenazine and four recently synthesized derivatives) were investigated in order to identify compounds with a potent anticancer activity. Since phenothiazines are known as multidrug resistance modulators the sensitive human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (LoVo) and its doxorubicin-resistant, ABCB1 overexpressing, subline (LoVo/Dx) have been employed as a model system. In studied cancer cells cytotoxic effect of the phenothiazine derivatives was accompanied by apoptosis and autophagy induction as well as by the increase of cellular lipid peroxidation and intracellular reactive oxygen species generation. Molecular modelling revealed that reactivity of phenothazines (manifested by their low energy gap) but not lipophilicity was positively correlated with their anticancer potency, pro-oxidant properties and apoptosis induction ability. Additionally, some of the studied compounds turned out to be more potent cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic agents in doxorubicin-resistant (LoVo/Dx) cells than in sensitive ones (LoVo). The hypothesis was assumed that studied phenothiazine derivatives induced apoptotic cell death by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Środa-Pomianek
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Krystyna Michalak
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Świątek
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Poła
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Palko-Łabuz
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Olga Wesołowska
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|