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Chang NC, Wu YJ, Wang LF, Chan LP, Chai CY, Chen Ms WT, Tsai SM, Chien CY, Ho KY. Downregulation of Calreticulin and Annexin A2 Expression in Acquired Middle Ear Cholesteatoma by 2-DE Analysis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2022; 132:684-691. [PMID: 35833235 DOI: 10.1177/00034894221111255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many factors are thought to be associated with the development of cholesteatoma, while the mechanisms of its formation remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the potential mechanisms of the proliferation and growth of cholesteatoma by analysis of the differential expressions of proteins in cholesteatoma and retroauricular skin tissue collected from the same patients. METHODS The present study is a retrospective study performed in an academic medical center. Comparative proteomics analyses using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), in addition to immunohistochemical analysis, were conducted to identify differentially-expressed proteins in cholesteatoma tissue as compared with retroauricular skin tissue. Western blotting was also employed to verify the expression patterns of the specific proteins identified by 2-DE and to measure the changes in potential modulators related to cholesteatoma proliferation and growth. RESULTS Calreticulin (CRT) and annexin A2 (AnxA2) were identified as being differentially-expressed in cholesteatoma by 2-DE and LC-MS/MS, the results of which were in agreement with the results of immunohistochemical analysis and western blotting. Downregulation of CRT and AnxA2 were observed in cholesteatoma. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that CRT and AnxA2 downregulation are seen in cholesteatoma compared to retroauricular skin. We speculate that the reduced expression of CRT and the persistent inflammatory response play important roles in the epithelial proliferation of cholesteatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Chia Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Biological Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Feng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Leong-Perng Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Tzu Chen Ms
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Meng Tsai
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Chien
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Yao Ho
- Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Sharma A, Ramena GT, Elble RC. Advances in Intracellular Calcium Signaling Reveal Untapped Targets for Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1077. [PMID: 34572262 PMCID: PMC8466575 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ distribution is a tightly regulated process. Numerous Ca2+ chelating, storage, and transport mechanisms are required to maintain normal cellular physiology. Ca2+-binding proteins, mainly calmodulin and calbindins, sequester free intracellular Ca2+ ions and apportion or transport them to signaling hubs needing the cations. Ca2+ channels, ATP-driven pumps, and exchangers assist the binding proteins in transferring the ions to and from appropriate cellular compartments. Some, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes, act as Ca2+ repositories. Cellular Ca2+ homeostasis is inefficient without the active contribution of these organelles. Moreover, certain key cellular processes also rely on inter-organellar Ca2+ signaling. This review attempts to encapsulate the structure, function, and regulation of major intracellular Ca2+ buffers, sensors, channels, and signaling molecules before highlighting how cancer cells manipulate them to survive and thrive. The spotlight is then shifted to the slow pace of translating such research findings into anticancer therapeutics. We use the PubMed database to highlight current clinical studies that target intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Drug repurposing and improving the delivery of small molecule therapeutics are further discussed as promising strategies for speeding therapeutic development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarushi Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
| | - Grace T. Ramena
- Department of Aquaculture, University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA;
| | - Randolph C. Elble
- Department of Pharmacology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
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Chang B, Guan H, Wang X, Chen Z, Zhu W, Wei X, Li S. Cox4i2 Triggers an Increase in Reactive Oxygen Species, Leading to Ferroptosis and Apoptosis in HHV7 Infected Schwann Cells. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:660072. [PMID: 34026834 PMCID: PMC8138133 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.660072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of peripheral nerve damage. Our previous study indicated that human herpesvirus 7 (HHV7) induces Bell’s palsy. However, the specific mechanism underlying the effects of ROS in HHV7 infection-induced facial nerve damage is unknown. In this study, we established a rat FN model by inoculating an HHV7 virus solution. The facial grading score and LuxolFastBlue (LFB) staining were used to assess the success of the model. Using mRNA-sequencing analysis, we found that the expression of Complex IV Subunit 4 Isoform 2 (Cox4i2) increased in infected Schwann cells (SCs). Cox4i2 was suggested to increase COX activity, thereby promoting ROS production. The changes in the endogenous oxidant and antioxidant system were assessed, and the results showed that oxidative stress increased after HHV7 infection in vivo and in vitro. However, we found that oxidative injury was relieved after the transfection of shCox4i2 in HHV7-treated SCs by evaluating cell death, cell proliferation, and the ROS level as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, we hypothesised that Cox4i2 loss would attenuate HHV7-induced ferroptosis and apoptosis, which are closely related to ROS in SCs. Our research illustrated that the knockdown of Cox4i2 suppresses HHV7-induced RSC96 cell ferroptosis as well as apoptosis via the ERK signalling pathway. Overall, several in vitro and in vivo methods were adopted in this study to reveal the new mechanism of ROS-induced and Cox4i2-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis in HHV7 infected SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haochen Guan
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanchun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Jia B, Huang W, Wang Y, Zhang P, Wang Z, Zheng M, Wang T. Nogo-C Inhibits Peripheral Nerve Regeneration by Regulating Schwann Cell Apoptosis and Dedifferentiation. Front Neurosci 2021; 14:616258. [PMID: 33584179 PMCID: PMC7873940 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.616258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While Nogo protein demonstrably inhibits nerve regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS), its effect on Schwann cells in peripheral nerve repair and regeneration following sciatic nerve injury remains unknown. In this research, We assessed the post-injury expression of Nogo-C in an experimental mouse model of sciatic nerve-crush injury. Nogo-C knockout (Nogo-C–/–) mouse was generated to observe the effect of Nogo-C on sciatic nerve regeneration, Schwann cell apoptosis, and myelin disintegration after nerve injury, and the effects of Nogo-C on apoptosis and dedifferentiation of Schwann cells were observed in vitro. We found that the expression of Nogo-C protein at the distal end of the injured sciatic nerve increased in wild type (WT) mice. Compared with the injured WT mice, the proportion of neuronal apoptosis was significantly diminished and the myelin clearance rate was significantly elevated in injured Nogo-C–/– mice; the number of nerve fibers regenerated and the degree of myelination were significantly elevated in Nogo-C–/– mice on Day 14 after injury. In addition, the recovery of motor function was significantly accelerated in the injured Nogo-C–/– mice. The overexpression of Nogo-C in primary Schwann cells using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer promoted Schwann cells apoptosis. Nogo-C significantly reduced the ratio of c-Jun/krox-20 expression, indicating its inhibition of Schwann cell dedifferentiation. Above all, we hold the view that the expression of Nogo-C increases following peripheral nerve injury to promote Schwann cell apoptosis and inhibit Schwann cell dedifferentiation, thereby inhibiting peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jia
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Beijing, China.,National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Beijing, China.,National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Beijing, China.,National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Beijing, China.,National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Beijing, China.,National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianbing Wang
- Trauma Medicine Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Beijing, China.,National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
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Zhou Z, Zhang N, Shi P, Xie J. Mechanism of miR-148b inhibiting cell proliferation and migration of Schwann cells by regulating CALR. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:1978-1983. [PMID: 31174435 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1609008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of miR-148b on cell proliferation and migration of Schwann cells and explore its mechanism. The miR-148b group, miR-con group and the anti-miR-148b group, anti-miR-con group, si-con group, si-CALR group, Ctrl group, CALR group were transfected into Schwann cells by liposome method; the expression of miR-148b was detected by qRT-PCR; the cell viability was detected by MTT assay; the migration of cells was detected by Transwell method; WB assay was used to detect the protein expression of CALR. Firstly, we found that compared with miR-con group and si-con group, the proliferation and migration of miR-148b group and si-CALR group were significantly down-regulated (P < .05). Moreover, compared with anti-miR-con group and Ctrl group, anti-miR-148b group and CALR group cells proliferation and migration were significantly up-regulated (P < .05). In addition, miR-148b was targeted to CALR, and silencing CALR could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-148b on Schwann cell proliferation and migration. In conclusion, miR-148b can regulate the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells. The mechanism may be related to the targeted negative regulation of CALR, which will provide a basis for targeted therapy of peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhou
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Second Military Medical University's Jinan Clinical Medicine College , Jinan , China.,b Department of Orthaopedics, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command , Jinan , China
| | - Ning Zhang
- a Department of Orthopaedics, Second Military Medical University's Jinan Clinical Medicine College , Jinan , China.,b Department of Orthaopedics, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command , Jinan , China
| | - Peilei Shi
- c Department of Orthopaedics, Kuishan Section of Rizhao People's Hospital , Rizhao , China
| | - Jin Xie
- d Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine hospital , Guangxi , China
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Chen YY, Chan KM. Transcriptional inhibition of TCDD-mediated induction of cytochrome P450 1A1 and alteration of protein expression in a zebrafish hepatic cell line following the administration of TCDD and Cd 2. Toxicol Lett 2017; 282:121-135. [PMID: 29107029 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of Cd2+ on TCDD-mediated induction of the cytochrome P450 1A1 (cyp1a1) gene using a zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL). Our results showed that Cd2+ inhibited the TCDD-mediated induction of the cyp1a1 protein, enzyme activity, and mRNA expression level. Cd2+ also down-regulated levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr2) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator 2b (arnt2b) mRNAs. Compared with TCDD (3nM) treatment alone, co-treatment with Cd2+ (0-30μM) and TCDD (3nM) significantly inhibited the activity of the luciferase reporter gene constructs harboring the distal promoter region (P-2626/-2009) of CYP1A1 and the synthetic 3XRE gene promoter. This indicates that Cd2+ decreased the level of TCDD-induced cyp1a1 through transcriptional inhibition. Proteomic analysis was also used to evaluate the effect of Cd2+ on TCDD-altered protein expression in ZFL cells. The identified proteins are mainly enzymes of the glycolysis pathway and proteasomes, and have anti-oxidative and anti-stress effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chinese University, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
| | - King Ming Chan
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chinese University, Sha Tin, Hong Kong.
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