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Liles JL, Vopat ML, Ganokroj P, Mologne MS, Fossum BW, Peebles AM, Provencher MT. Patient-Specific Instrumentation for Medial Closing Wedge Distal Femoral Osteotomy With Patellar Osteochondral Allograft. Arthrosc Tech 2023; 12:e1203-e1209. [PMID: 37533923 PMCID: PMC10391343 DOI: 10.1016/j.eats.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary indications for performing a medial closing wedge distal femoral osteotomy are valgus knee malalignment, lateral knee compartment overload, lateral meniscus insufficiency, and/or lateral compartment osteoarthritis or cartilage damage. Without correction of this malalignment, there is an increased risk for chondral damage in the lateral and patellofemoral compartment of the knee. The optimal candidates for this procedure are young, active individuals with moderate to severe arthritis in the lateral compartment. Recently, preoperative planning for high tibial and distal femoral osteotomies (HTOs and DFOs) using 3-dimensional (3D) patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) has increased in popularity. Successful patient outcomes have been reported using this technique. This Technical Note illustrates our preferred technique that uses 3D PSI in addition to a patellar OCA transplant when treating a symptomatic cartilage lesion associated with genu valgum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan L. Liles
- Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A
| | - Matthew L. Vopat
- Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A
| | - Phob Ganokroj
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A
| | | | | | | | - Matthew T. Provencher
- Steadman Clinic, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A
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Aman ZS, DePhillipo NN, Peebles LA, Familiari F, LaPrade RF, Dekker TJ. Improved Accuracy of Coronal Alignment Can Be Attained Using 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Instrumentation for Knee Osteotomies: A Systematic Review of Level III and IV Studies. Arthroscopy 2022; 38:2741-2758. [PMID: 35247513 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2022.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy and precision of postoperative coronal plane alignment using 3D-printed patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) in the setting of proximal tibial or distal femoral osteotomies. METHODS A systematic review evaluating the accuracy of 3D-printed PSI for coronal plane alignment correcting knee osteotomies was performed. The primary outcomes were accuracy of coronal plane limb alignment correction and number of correction outliers. Secondary variables were duration of surgery, number of intraoperative fluoroscopic images, complications, cost, and clinical outcomes (as applicable). RESULTS Ninety-three studies were identified, and 14 were included in the final analysis. Overall, mean postoperative deviation from target correction ranged from 0.3° to 1° for all studies using hip-knee angle measurements and 2.3% to 4.9% for all studies using weight-bearing line measurements. The incidence of correction outliers was assessed in 8 total studies and ranged from 0 to 25% (total n = 10 knees) of patients corrected with 3D-printed PSI. Osteotomies performed with 3D-printed cutting guides or wedges demonstrated significantly shorter operative times (P < .05) and fewer intraoperative fluoroscopic images (P < .05) than control groups in four case control studies. CONCLUSION Patients undergoing distal femoral osteotomy or proximal tibial osteotomy procedures with 3D-printed patient-specific cutting guides and wedges had highly accurate coronal plane alignment with a low rate of outliers. Patients treated with 3D printed PSI also demonstrated significantly shorter operative times and decreased intraoperative fluoroscopy when compared to conventional techniques. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV, systematic review of Level III-IV studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Aman
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
| | | | - Liam A Peebles
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.A
| | - Filippo Familiari
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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Sodhi N, Jacofsky DJ, Chee A, Mont MA. Benefits of CT Scanning for the Management of Knee Arthritis and Arthroplasty. J Knee Surg 2021; 34:1296-1303. [PMID: 32268407 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1708041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review investigated the potential value of computed tomography (CT) scans for the evaluation and management of knee arthritis and arthroplasty. Specifically, we evaluated the following: (1) assessment of arthritis within knee compartments, (2) patellofemoral joint assessment, (3) implant sizing prediction, (4) component alignment, (5) soft-tissue protection, and (6) potential concerns with radiation exposure. To compare if CT or X-ray imaging is more accurate and clinically relevant, a search was performed using Boolean search operators and terms: "CT," "radiograph," "joint alignment," "knee," and "arthroplasty," which yielded 661 results. Studies were evaluated based on (1) assessment of arthritis within knee compartments, (2) patellofemoral joint assessment, (3) implant sizing prediction, (4) component alignment, (5) soft-tissue protection, and (6) potential concerns with radiation exposure. Correlative and comparative analyses of imaging modalities to pre-, intra-, and postoperative clinical and patient-related factors were performed for the 63 included studies. CT scans were found to better detect medial and lateral arthritic changes, bony deformities, subchondral cysts, and cartilage losses. CT scans were shown to 99% accurately predict prosthetic sizes preoperatively. CT scans can also help better visualize surrounding anatomy, such as the posterior cruciate ligament, and have therefore been linked to better soft tissue protection during total knee arthroplasty. Although radiation is a potential concern, newer imaging protocols have comparable exposure to plain radiographs. Compared with plain radiographs, CT scans were found to be more accurate and provide more clinically relevant data. Therefore, the authors recommend the use of CT for the evaluation of certain patients with arthritis and for preoperative planning for knee arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Sodhi
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Northwell Health, New York, New York
| | - David J Jacofsky
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Adult Reconstruction, The CORE Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Alexander Chee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Michael A Mont
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Northwell Hospital Lenox Hill, New York, New York
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Arab AZEA, Merdji A, Benaissa A, Roy S, Bachir Bouiadjra BA, Layadi K, Ouddane A, Mukdadi OM. Finite-Element analysis of a lateral femoro-tibial impact on the total knee arthroplasty. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 192:105446. [PMID: 32200048 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a routine surgery performed to treat patients with severe knee osteoarthritis. The success of a TKA depends strongly on the initial stability of the prosthetic components and its long-term osseointegration due to the optimal distribution of mechanical stresses in the surrounding bones under the effect of the different biomechanical loads applied to the Femur-TKA-Tibia system. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level and the distribution of the induced stresses in a Femur-TKA-Tibia system subjected to combined triaxial forces, which mimic a femoral mechanical shock. METHODS In this study, complex TKA system implanted in both femoral and tibial bones has been analyzed numerically with a three-dimensional finite-element method. A virtual model is designed to examine in silico the effect of the combined triaxial forces acting on this prosthesis in femoral region. Anatomical three-dimensional finite-element models of both femoral and tibial bones were constructed to calculate the interfacial stresses around the TKA components. The 3D finite-element processing program ABAQUS was used to perform the analysis. RESULTS The stresses propagated in the bone regions adjacent to the TKA osseointegrated components, and the decreased in their magnitude to the outer region. These stresses reached the highest level in the cortical bone areas that are right next to the proximal upper attachment portions of the TKA osseointegrated components. The magnitude of the stresses in the tibial component is higher than that in the femoral component. Finally, it is very important to emphasize the role of the polyethylene articulating spacer in the shock absorption of bone support sections. Thus, this component should be preserved mechanically from the impact of high shocks in order to maintain healthy TKA systems. CONCLUSIONS Optimizing TKA model by controlling the biomechanical stresses distributed within its both components and supporting bones is a valid approach to achieving favorable long-term outcomes. The 3D finite-element analysis provides an effective pre-operative method for planning patient-specific TKA prostheses, and for designing future models that preserves the biomechanical function of the Femur-TKA-Tibia system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Zine El-Abidine Arab
- Laboratory of Mechanics Physics of Materials (LMPM), Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi Bel-Abbes 22000, Algeria; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
| | - Ali Merdji
- Laboratory of Mechanics Physics of Materials (LMPM), Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi Bel-Abbes 22000, Algeria; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
| | - Ali Benaissa
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Mascara, Mascara 29000, Algeria
| | - Sandipan Roy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-603203, India.
| | - Bel-Abbes Bachir Bouiadjra
- Laboratory of Mechanics Physics of Materials (LMPM), Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, Djillali Liabes University, Sidi Bel-Abbes 22000, Algeria
| | - Khaled Layadi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oran 1, BP.1510, Al M'naouer, Oran 31000, Algeria
| | - Abdelhakim Ouddane
- Meslem Tayeb Hospital, Avenue of Sidi Kada Belmokhtar, Mascara 29002, Algeria
| | - Osama M Mukdadi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
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Three dimensional patient-specific printed cutting guides for closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2018; 43:619-624. [PMID: 29951692 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-018-4043-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Medial closing-wedge distal femoral osteotomy (MCWDFO) was used to treat valgus knee malalignment combined with lateral compartment disease. The clinical outcome of the osteotomy depends on the accurate correction of valgus malalignment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a MCWDFO assisted by three-dimensional (3D)-printed cutting guides and locking guides. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-three consecutive patients (33 knees) were operated on using the same MCWDFO. 3D-printed cutting guides and locking guides were used to locate the osteotomy cut plane and to facilitate closing the wedge in 12 patients (3D-guide group). Another 21 patients (conventional group) underwent MCWDFO following the conventional technique. The desired correction was defined as a weight-bearing line (WBL) coordinate 50% of the width of the tibial plateau from the medial tibial margin. The deviation between the planned and executed WBL coordinate, surgical time and fluoroscopic time were compared. RESULTS The mean deviation between the planned and executed WBL coordinate was 4.9% in the 3D-guide group and 7.6% in the conventional group (P = 0.024). Shorter surgical time was found in the 3D-guide group (mean, 77.7 minutes vs. mean, 96.5 minutes; P < 0.001), while the mean number of intra-operative fluoroscopic images was 6.1, compared with 34.7 in the conventional group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The use of 3D-printed cutting guides and locking guides can increase the precision of the MCWDFO in patients with lateral compartment disease and valgus deformity, making our surgery more efficiency and occupying less fluoroscopic time.
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