1
|
Hsieh MC, Lo YS, Chuang YC, Lin CC, Ho HY, Hsieh MJ, Lin JT. Dehydrocrenatidine extracted from Picrasma quassioides induces the apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through the JNK and ERK signaling pathways. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:166. [PMID: 34165177 PMCID: PMC8218301 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an indicator disease in Asia due to its unique geographical and ethnic distribution. Dehydrocrenatidine (DC) is a β-carboline alkaloid abundantly present in Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn, a deciduous shrub or small tree native to temperate regions of southern Asia, and β-carboline alkaloids play anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative roles in various cancers. However, the mechanism and function of DC in human NPC cells remain only partially explored. The present study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity and biochemical role of DC in human NPC cells. The MTT method, cell cycle analysis, DAPI determination, Annexin V/PI double staining, and mitochondrial membrane potential examination were performed to evaluate the effects of DC treatment on human NPC cell lines. In addition, western blotting analysis was used to explore the effect of DC on apoptosis and signaling pathways in related proteins. The analysis results confirmed that DC significantly reduced the viability of NPC cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis through internal and external apoptotic pathways (including cell cycle arrest, altered mitochondrial membrane potential, and activated death receptors). Western blot analysis illustrated that DC's effect on related proteins in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway can induce apoptosis by enhancing ERK phosphorylation and inhibiting Janus kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. Notably, DC induced apoptosis by affecting the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK, and DC and inhibitors (SP600125 and U0126) in combination restored the overexpression of p-JNK and p-ERK. To date, this is the first study to confirm the apoptosis pathway induced by DC phosphorylation of p-JNK and p-REK in human NPC. On the basis of evidence obtained from this study, DC targeting the inhibition of NPC cell lines may be a promising future strategy for NPC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chang Hsieh
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Sheng Lo
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Ching Chuang
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Chieh Lin
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-Yu Ho
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Oral Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jen-Tsun Lin
- Post Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu N, Zhang BB, Huang XN, Yi X, Yan XM, Cai Y, He Q, Han ZJ, Huang YJ, Liu W, Jiao AJ. S100A8/A9 Molecular Complexes Promote Cancer Migration and Invasion via the p38 MAPK Pathway in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2021; 2021:9913794. [PMID: 34257632 PMCID: PMC8245251 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9913794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one type of malignancy associated with migration and invasion through a currently unclear mechanism. We previously discovered S100A8/A9 levels were roughly elevated in the plasma of NPC patients as the promising biomarkers. However, their expressions and underlying functions in NPC tissues are still unknown. In the present study, we analyzed 49 NPC tissues and 20 chronic pharyngitis (CP) tissues. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in different tissues and analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test statistically. Transwell migration and invasion experiments were further performed to determine S100A8/A9 effects on NPC. Our results showed that S100A8/A9 in NPC tissues were significantly higher than those in CP tissues, closely associated with NPC clinical stages. Intriguingly, exogenous S100A8/A9 protein stimulation could dramatically enhance NPC migration and invasion abilities. In addition, p38 MAPK pathway blockade could diminish the migration and invasion of NPC cells stimulated by S100A8/A9 proteins. The downstream tumor invasion and migration associated proteins (e.g., MMP7) were also elevated in NPC tissues, consistent with S100A8/A9 overexpression. Taken together, our present findings suggest that the secreted soluble inflammatory factors S100A8/A9 might promote cancer migration and invasion via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway along with invasion/migration associated proteins overexpression in the tumor microenvironment of NPC. This may shed light on the mechanism understanding of NPC prognosis and provide more novel clues for NPC diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xia-Ning Huang
- Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Mediacal University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiang Yi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xue-Min Yan
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qin He
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zi-Jian Han
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuan-Jiao Huang
- Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ai-Jun Jiao
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang T, Xu M, Mi J, Yang H, Liu Z, Huang L, Hu K, Wang R. Loosening Neuro-Optic Structures Dosimetric Constraints Provides High 5-Year Local Recurrence-Free Survival With Acceptable Toxicity in T4 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Treated With Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:598320. [PMID: 33692949 PMCID: PMC7937960 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.598320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Whether the original dosimetric constraints of neuro-optic structures (NOS) are appropriate for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) remains controversial. The present study compared the survival rates and radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION) occurrence between T4 NPC patients whose NOS were irradiated with a near maximum dose received by 2% of the volume (D2%) >55 Gy and ≤55 Gy. Moreover, the NOS dosimetric parameters and their correlation with RION occurrence were also evaluated. Methods In this retrospective study, 256 T4 NPC patients treated with IMRT between May 2009 and December 2013 were included. Patient characteristics, survival rates, dosimetric parameters, and RION incidence were compared between the D2% ≤55 Gy and D2% >55 Gy groups. Results The median follow-up durations were 87 and 83 months for patients in the D2% >55 Gy and D2% ≤55 Gy groups, respectively. The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rates were 92.0 and 84.0% in the D2% >55 Gy and D2% ≤55 Gy groups (P = 0.043), respectively. There was no significant difference in the 5-year overall survival (OS) between both groups (D2% >55 Gy, 81.6%; D2% ≤55 Gy, 79.4%; P = 0.586). No patients developed severe RION (Grades 3–5), and there was no significant difference (P = 0.958) in the incidence of RION between the two groups. The maximum dose of NOS significantly affected the RION incidence, with a cutoff point of 70.77 Gy. Conclusion Appropriately loosening NOS dosimetric constraints in order to ensure a more sufficient dose to the target volume can provide a better 5-year local recurrence-free survival and acceptable neuro-optic toxicity in T4 NPC patients undergoing IMRT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinglin Mi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Oncology, Liuzhou Worker Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Zhengchun Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Lulu Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mi JL, Xu M, Liu C, Wang RS. Identification of novel biomarkers and small-molecule compounds for nasopharyngeal carcinoma with metastasis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21505. [PMID: 32769887 PMCID: PMC7593018 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate novel biomarkers and potential mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with metastasis.Two microarray datasets (GSE103611 and GSE36682) were obtained from GEO database, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNA (DEMs) were identified, Gene ontology (GO) as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted with DEGs and DEMs targeted genes. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) network of the DEGs and DEMs targeted genes were constructed, furthermore, Connectivity Map (CMap) database was applied to select the potential drugs with therapeutic effects.Overall, we identified 396 upregulated and 19 downregulated DEGs. Additionally, we identified 1 upregulated DEM, miR-135b, and a downregulated DEM, miR-574-5p. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that both DEGs and DEMs targeted genes participated in biological process (BP) of regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, DNA-templated positive regulation of transcription, and Epstein-Barr virus infection signaling pathway. Besides, upregulated EP300 gene was a hub node both in DEGs and DEMs target genes. CMap database analysis indicated that sanguinarine, verteporfin, and chrysin are potential drugs for prevention and treatment of NPC metastasis.In summary, the common hub gene, biological process and pathway identified in the study provided a novel insight into the potential mechanism of NPC metastasis. Furthermore, we identified several possible small molecule compounds for treatment of NPC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Lin Mi
- Department of Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Ren-Sheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology Clinical Medical Research Center, Guangxi Medical University
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nong S, Pan X, Chen K, Li Y, Zhu X. Therapeutic Effect of Chemotherapy Cycle in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) Patients Who Developed Bone-Only Metastasis. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922244. [PMID: 32541642 PMCID: PMC7315802 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To compare the effects of chemotherapy dose escalation on survival and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who developed bone-only metastasis. Material/Methods Between October 2000 to March 2017, 58 NPC patients with initial bone-only metastasis were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who received <6 or ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy were matched and grouped using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Overall survival (OS) was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis. Results The median OS for the entire group was 24 months, while the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates were 78.5%, 49.4%, and 26.8%, respectively. The median OS for patients who received <6 cycles of chemotherapy was 21 months, with 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates of 64.8%, 34.3%, and 17.2%, respectively. The median OS of patients who received ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy was 26 months, with 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS rates of 92.6%, 54.9%, and 30.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of metastatic sites (≥3 vs. <3) and chemotherapy cycles (<6 vs. ≥6) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions NPC patients who had less than 3 bone metastatic sites and who received ≥6 cycles of chemotherapy had better survival and prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sikai Nong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xinbin Pan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Kaihua Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Research progress on mechanism and dosimetry of brainstem injury induced by intensity-modulated radiotherapy, proton therapy, and heavy ion radiotherapy. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:5011-5020. [PMID: 32318844 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective method for treating head and neck cancer (HNC). However, RT may cause side effects during and after treatment. Radiation-induced brainstem injury (BSI) is often neglected due to its low incidence and short survival time and because it is indistinguishable from intracranial tumor progression. It is currently believed that the possible mechanism of radiation-induced BSI includes increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and damage of vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and glial cells as well as an inflammatory response and oxidative stress. At present, it is still difficult to avoid BSI even with several advanced RT techniques. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is the most commonly used therapeutic technique in the field of RT. Compared with early conformal therapy, it has greatly reduced the injury to normal tissues. Proton beam radiotherapy (PBT) and heavy ion radiotherapy (HIT) have good dose distribution due to the presence of a Bragg peak, which not only results in better control of the tumor but also minimizes the dose to the surrounding normal tissues. There are many clinical studies on BSI caused by IMRT, PBT, and HIT. In this paper, we review the mechanism, dosimetry, and other aspects of BSI caused by IMRT, PBT, and HIT.Key Points• Enhanced MRI imaging can better detect radiation-induced BSI early.• This article summarized the dose constraints of brainstem toxicity in clinical studies using different techniques including IMRT, PBT, and HIT and recommended better dose constraints pattern to clinicians.• The latest pathological mechanism of radiation-induced BSI and the corresponding advanced treatment methods will be discussed.
Collapse
|
7
|
Leng X, Fang P, Lin H, Qin C, Tan X, Liang Y, Zhang C, Wang H, An J, Wu D, Liu Q, Qiu S. Application of a machine learning method to whole brain white matter injury after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Imaging 2019; 19:19. [PMID: 30909974 PMCID: PMC6434635 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-019-0203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose/aim of this study was to 1) use magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), fibre bundle/tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and machine learning methods to study changes in the white matter (WM) structure and whole brain WM network in different periods of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after radiotherapy (RT), 2) identify the most discriminating WM regions and WM connections as biomarkers of radiation brain injury (RBI), and 3) supplement the understanding of the pathogenesis of RBI, which is useful for early diagnosis in the clinic. Methods A DTI scan was performed in 77 patients and 67 normal controls. A fractional anisotropy map was generated by DTIFit. TBSS was used to find the region where the FA differed between the case and control groups. Each resulting FA value image is registered with each other to create an average FA value skeleton. Each resultant FA skeleton image was connected to feature vectors, and features with significant differences were extracted and classified using a support vector machine (SVM). Next, brain segmentation was performed on each subject’s DTI image using automated anatomical labeling (AAL), and deterministic white matter fiber bundle tracking was performed to generate symmetrical brain matrix, select the upper triangular component as a classification feature. Two-sample t-test was used to extract the features with significant differences, then classified by SVM. Finally, we adopted a permutation test and ROC curves to evaluate the reliability of the classifier. Results For FA, the accuracy of classification between the 0–6, 6–12 and > 12 months post-RT groups and the control group was 84.5, 83.9 and 74.5%, respectively. In the case groups, the FA with discriminative ability was reduced, mainly in the bilateral cerebellum and bilateral temporal lobe, with prolonged time, the damage was aggravated. For WM connections, the SVM classifier classification recognition rates of the 0–6, 6–12 and > 12 months post-RT groups reached 82.5, 78.4 and 76.3%, respectively. The WM connections with discriminative ability were reduced. Conclusions RBI is a disease involving whole brain WM network anomalies. These brain discriminating WM regions and WM connection modes can supplement the understanding of RBI and be used as biomarkers for the early clinical diagnosis of RBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Leng
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Fang
- Department of Psychology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Lin
- Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 253, Gong Ye Da Dao Zhong, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Qin
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Tan
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhuo Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie An
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Wu
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihui Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Qiu
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|