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Paromov V, Uversky VN, Cooley A, Liburd LE, Mukherjee S, Na I, Dayhoff GW, Pratap S. The Proteomic Analysis of Cancer-Related Alterations in the Human Unfoldome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1552. [PMID: 38338831 PMCID: PMC10855131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Many proteins lack stable 3D structures. These intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or hybrid proteins containing ordered domains with intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs) often carry out regulatory functions related to molecular recognition and signal transduction. IDPs/IDPRs constitute a substantial portion of the human proteome and are termed "the unfoldome". Herein, we probe the human breast cancer unfoldome and investigate relations between IDPs and key disease genes and pathways. We utilized bottom-up proteomics, MudPIT (Multidimensional Protein Identification Technology), to profile differentially expressed IDPs in human normal (MCF-10A) and breast cancer (BT-549) cell lines. Overall, we identified 2271 protein groups in the unfoldome of normal and cancer proteomes, with 148 IDPs found to be significantly differentially expressed in cancer cells. Further analysis produced annotations of 140 IDPs, which were then classified to GO (Gene Ontology) categories and pathways. In total, 65% (91 of 140) IDPs were related to various diseases, and 20% (28 of 140) mapped to cancer terms. A substantial portion of the differentially expressed IDPs contained disordered regions, confirmed by in silico characterization. Overall, our analyses suggest high levels of interactivity in the human cancer unfoldome and a prevalence of moderately and highly disordered proteins in the network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Paromov
- Meharry Proteomics Core, RCMI Research Capacity Core, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (V.N.U.); (I.N.)
| | - Ayorinde Cooley
- Meharry Bioinformatics Core, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
| | - Lincoln E. Liburd
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA (S.M.)
| | - Shyamali Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience & Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA (S.M.)
| | - Insung Na
- Department of Molecular Medicine, USF Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA; (V.N.U.); (I.N.)
| | - Guy W. Dayhoff
- Department of Chemistry, College of Art and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613, USA;
| | - Siddharth Pratap
- Meharry Proteomics Core, RCMI Research Capacity Core, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
- Meharry Bioinformatics Core, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Physiology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
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Yang C, Wang M, Huang R, Ou L, Li M, Wu W, Lei R. Circ_0108942 Regulates the Progression of Breast Cancer by Regulating the MiR-1178-3p/TMED3 Axis. Clin Breast Cancer 2023; 23:291-301. [PMID: 36764873 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) has posed a fatal threat to women's lives and the search for new methods of diagnosis and treatment is an important way to break the bottleneck of high mortality in BC. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to be aberrantly expressed in several types of cancers, and this study is intended to elucidate the role and mechanism of circ_0108942 in BC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The levels of circ_0108942, microRNA-1178-3p (miR-1178-3p), and transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 3 (TMED3) were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or western blot. Meanwhile, the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiopoiesis, and apoptosis were analyzed using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), transwell, tubule formation, and flow cytometry assays. Protein levels were determined by western blot. In addition, we used dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays to identify the interplay between miR-1178-3p and circ_0108942 or TMED3. Lastly, the impact of circ_0108942 on the growth of BC tumors in vivo was analyzed by xenograft models. RESULTS Circ_0108942 and TMED3 were notably upregulated in BC, and the miR-1178-3p was downregulated. Functionally, silencing circ_0108942 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and promoted apoptosis in BC cells. In mechanism, circ_0108942 regulated TMED3 expression by sponging miR-1178-3p. Meanwhile, circ_0108942 knockdown also greatly constrained tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Circ_0108942 boosted BC progression by regulating miR-1178-3p and thus upregulating TMED3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Yang
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Meijiao Wang
- Operation room, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Renfeng Huang
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Linyang Ou
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanming Wu
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruiwen Lei
- Department of Head-Neck and Breast Surgery, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China.
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Liang X, Liu X, Song Z, Zhu J, Zhang J. Hsa_circ_0097922 promotes tamoxifen resistance and cell malignant behaviour of breast cancer cells by regulating ACTN4 expression via miR-876-3p. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1257-1269. [PMID: 35856314 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of findings have verified the critical roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human cancers, and chemotherapy resistance is a poor prognostic factor for breast cancer (BC). This study is designed to explore the function of hsa_circ_0097922 in the tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer. Hsa_circ_0097922, microRNA-876-3p (miR-876-3p), and alpha-actinin 4 (ACTN4) level were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and flow cytometry, wound healing and Transwell assays. Protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase 3, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and ACTN4 were determined using western blot assay. Using bioinformatics software, the binding between miR-876-3p and hsa_circ_0097922 or ACTN4 was predicted, followed by confirmation by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays. A xenograft tumour model in vivo analysed the biological role of hsa_circ_0097922 on BC tumour growth and drug resistance. Hsa_circ_0097922 and ACTN4 were increased, and miR-876-3p was decreased in tamoxifen resistance BC cells. Moreover, hsa_circ_0097922 knockdown can block BC cell malignant behaviour and tamoxifen resistance in vitro. Mechanically, hsa_circ_0097922 acted as a sponge of miR-876-3p to regulate ACTN4 expression. Hsa_circ_0097922 silencing increased the drug sensitivity of BC in vivo. Hsa_circ_0097922 might regulate BC cell malignant behaviour and tamoxifen resistance partly by regulating the miR-876-3p/ACTN4 axis, hinting at a promising therapeutic target for the BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuju Liang
- Department of Oncology, No. 960 Hospital, the People's Liberation Army, Jinan City, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Oncology, No. 960 Hospital, the People's Liberation Army, Jinan City, Shandong, China
| | - Zhonghua Song
- Department of General Practice, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhu
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, No. 960 Hospital, the People's Liberation Army, Jinan City, Shandong, China
| | - Jinqing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong, China
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Ma M, Zeng G, Li J, Liang J, Huang L, Chen J, Lai J. Expressional and prognostic value of HPCAL1 in cholangiocarcinoma via integrated bioinformatics analyses and experiments. Cancer Med 2022; 12:824-836. [PMID: 35645147 PMCID: PMC9844623 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocalcin-like 1 (HPCAL1) is involved in the development of several cancer types. However, our understanding of the HPCAL1 activity in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains limited. METHODS Two microarray datasets were used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the development of CCA. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)/Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was integrated to determine the prognostic significance of DEGs in CCA. The association between clinical characteristics and HPCAL1 expression levels was initially explored to assess the clinical profile of CCA. The prognostic value of HPCAL1 overexpression in the validation cohort was analyzed, followed by Gene Ontology (GO) term analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of HPCAL1. RESULTS Three upregulated genes and 10 downregulated genes were detected from two microarray-based screenings. High expression of HPCAL1 as a poor prognostic factor of CCA was validated using TCGA/GEO integrated database and our database. Univariate and multivariate analyses along with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high HPCAL1 expression was an independent factor affecting the overall survival and relapse-free survival in patients with CCA. The high expression of HPCAL1 was significantly associated with cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) levels, number of tumors, lymph node invasion, and TNM stage. Analysis of the enriched GO terms and KEGG pathways revealed that the high expression of HPCAL1 was involved in the critical biological processes and molecular pathways, including modulation by a host of symbiont processes, the clathrin coat, actinin binding, and Rap1 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION HPCAL1 was enriched in CCA in our study and has the potential to be applied in the identification of patients with CCA with an unfavorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Ma
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Guangyan Zeng
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouPR China,Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryEighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenPR China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental TherapeuticsBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jiahua Liang
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Jiancong Chen
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouPR China
| | - Jiaming Lai
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouPR China
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Kobayashi H, Imanaka S. Toward an understanding of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 as a novel serodiagnostic marker for clear cell carcinoma of the ovary. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:2978-2989. [PMID: 34184357 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)-2 has recently emerged as a serodiagnostic marker for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), especially clear cell carcinoma (CCC). This review discusses the biological properties of TFPI-2 and why serum levels are elevated in CCC patients. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed up until March, 2021. RESULTS TFPI-2 is a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor and negatively regulates the enzymatic activities, such as plasmin. TFPI-2 has been characterized as a tumor suppressor gene and was frequently downregulated through promoter hypermethylation in various human cancers. In contrast, TFPI-2 was overexpressed only in CCC. TFPI-2 may be involved in the pathophysiology of CCC, possibly through regulation of coagulation system, stabilization of extracellular matrix (ECM), and induction of intracellular signal transduction. TFPI-2 suppresses tissue factor-induced hypercoagulation in a hypoxic environment. TFPI-2, secreted by CCC cells, platelets, and adjacent vascular endothelial cells, may suppress tumor growth and invasion through ECM remodeling. Nuclear TFPI-2 may suppress matrix metalloproteinase production via transcription factors and modulate caspase-mediated cell apoptosis. CCC cells may upregulate the TFPI-2 expression to adapt to survival in the demanding environment. TFPI-2 is secreted by CCC cells and enters the systemic circulation, resulting in elevated blood levels. DISCUSSION Serum TFPI-2 reflects the overexpression of TFPI-2 in CCC tissues and is a potential serodiagnostic marker. Further research is needed to explore the expression, clinical significance, biological function, and potential mechanism of TFPI-2 in CCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.,Ms. Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shogo Imanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.,Ms. Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
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Datta A, Deng S, Gopal V, Yap KCH, Halim CE, Lye ML, Ong MS, Tan TZ, Sethi G, Hooi SC, Kumar AP, Yap CT. Cytoskeletal Dynamics in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition: Insights into Therapeutic Targets for Cancer Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081882. [PMID: 33919917 PMCID: PMC8070945 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer cells, a vital cellular process during metastasis is the transformation of epithelial cells towards motile mesenchymal cells called the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The cytoskeleton is an active network of three intracellular filaments: actin cytoskeleton, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These filaments play a central role in the structural design and cell behavior and are necessary for EMT. During EMT, epithelial cells undergo a cellular transformation as manifested by cell elongation, migration, and invasion, coordinated by actin cytoskeleton reorganization. The actin cytoskeleton is an extremely dynamic structure, controlled by a balance of assembly and disassembly of actin filaments. Actin-binding proteins regulate the process of actin polymerization and depolymerization. Microtubule reorganization also plays an important role in cell migration and polarization. Intermediate filaments are rearranged, switching to a vimentin-rich network, and this protein is used as a marker for a mesenchymal cell. Hence, targeting EMT by regulating the activities of their key components may be a potential solution to metastasis. This review summarizes the research done on the physiological functions of the cytoskeleton, its role in the EMT process, and its effect on multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells-highlight some future perspectives in cancer therapy by targeting cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Datta
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Shuo Deng
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Vennila Gopal
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Kenneth Chun-Hong Yap
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Clarissa Esmeralda Halim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Mun Leng Lye
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Mei Shan Ong
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
| | - Tuan Zea Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Shing Chuan Hooi
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore;
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (C.T.Y); Tel.: +65-6873-5456 (A.P.K.); +65-6516-3294 (C.T.Y.); Fax: +65-6873-9664 (A.P.K.); +65-6778-8161 (C.T.Y.)
| | - Celestial T. Yap
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; (A.D.); (S.D.); (V.G.); (K.C.-H.Y.); (C.E.H.); (M.L.L.); (M.S.O.); (S.C.H.)
- Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (C.T.Y); Tel.: +65-6873-5456 (A.P.K.); +65-6516-3294 (C.T.Y.); Fax: +65-6873-9664 (A.P.K.); +65-6778-8161 (C.T.Y.)
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Zhu B, Dong B, Hong S, Wang M, Dai W, Zheng Q, Wu D, Cao Y. Combined Detection of ACTN4 and SCC-Ag is a Promising Serological Biomarker for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 3 or Worse: A Case-Control Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2020; 13:2677-2687. [PMID: 33244281 PMCID: PMC7685365 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s278809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cervical cancer (CC) is a common malignancy in women. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) and cancer antigen (CA)-125 are widely used to help diagnose CC, but novel tumour markers with superior sensitivity and specificity are needed. α-Actinin 4(ACTN4) is overexpressed in CC, though its diagnostic value for CC is unclear. This study examined the diagnostic value of ACTN4 and SCC-Ag as biomarkers for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3 or worse. Methods Women screened for CC at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital were recruited from 2017.1 to 2018.5. Cervical tissues and blood were collected at the same time. Patients pathologically diagnosed as CIN3+ or NILM/CIN1/CIN2 were classified into the case and control groups, respectively. ACTN4 mRNA and protein levels were detected through quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively, and ACTN4 and SCC-Ag concentrations were analysed by ELISA. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood rate (PLR), negative likelihood rate (NLR), and Youden index (YI) of ACTN4 and SCC-Ag were evaluated. The optimum cut-off points for ACTN4 and SCC-Ag were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and accuracy was evaluated by the area under the ROC curve. Results In total, 105 patients were classified as CIN3+ cases and 106 as controls. The median ACTN4 levels in case and control tissues were 10.6 and 4.15, respectively. The ACTN4 and SCC-Ag concentrations were significantly higher in cases than controls (PACTN4=0.0007; PSCC-Ag=0.0067). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, PLR, NLR and YI of ACTN4 were 68.6%, 76.3%, 76.3%, 72.5%, 2.89, 0.41 and 44.9, respectively; SCC-Ag had a similar diagnostic value (P>0.05), and ACTN4 combined with SCC-Ag had a superior diagnostic value (75.6%, 87.5%, 88.6%, 73.7%, 6.05, 0.28, and 63.1, respectively). Conclusion Combined ACTN4 and SCC-Ag detection is a promising serological biomarker for patients with CIN3 or worse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratorial Examination, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Binhua Dong
- Department of Gynecology, Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Simei Hong
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Meihua Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratorial Examination, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichao Dai
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhu Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratorial Examination, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingping Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratorial Examination, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Involvement of Actin and Actin-Binding Proteins in Carcinogenesis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102245. [PMID: 33036298 PMCID: PMC7600575 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in many cellular processes while its reorganization is important in maintaining cell homeostasis. However, in the case of cancer cells, actin and ABPs (actin-binding proteins) are involved in all stages of carcinogenesis. Literature has reported that ABPs such as SATB1 (special AT-rich binding protein 1), WASP (Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein), nesprin, and villin take part in the initial step of carcinogenesis by regulating oncogene expression. Additionally, changes in actin localization promote cell proliferation by inhibiting apoptosis (SATB1). In turn, migration and invasion of cancer cells are based on the formation of actin-rich protrusions (Arp2/3 complex, filamin A, fascin, α-actinin, and cofilin). Importantly, more and more scientists suggest that microfilaments together with the associated proteins mediate tumor vascularization. Hence, the presented article aims to summarize literature reports in the context of the potential role of actin and ABPs in all steps of carcinogenesis.
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Serum Actinin-4 Levels as a Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Cervical Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:5327378. [PMID: 32855746 PMCID: PMC7443221 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5327378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The present study was aimed at determining the serum levels of actinin-4 (ACTN4) in cervical cancer (CC) and investigating the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum ACTN4 in CC. Materials and Methods We included 93 CC patients, 52 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) patients, and 70 healthy women. Serum ACTN4 levels were assessed using an ELISA method. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum ACTN4. The survival curves were used to display the overall survival distributions. Results Serum ACTN4 levels in CC patients were 48.39 ± 13.98 pg/mL which is significantly higher than those in CIN patients (32.72 ± 9.44 pg/mL; P < 0.001) and those in healthy controls (30.84 ± 8.08 pg/mL; P < 0.001). The ROC analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) of ACTN4 was 0.852 (95%CI = 0.796-0.908), with sensitivity of 76.3% and specificity of 87.7%. Serum ACTN4 levels were associated with the FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, and lymphovascular space invasion of CC (all P < 0.05). The survival curve suggested that high serum ACTN4 levels were related to poor prognosis. Conclusion Our findings suggest that serum ACTN4 levels may be valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CC.
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Tentler D, Lomert E, Novitskaya K, Barlev NA. Role of ACTN4 in Tumorigenesis, Metastasis, and EMT. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111427. [PMID: 31766144 PMCID: PMC6912194 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin-binding protein ACTN4 belongs to a family of actin-binding proteins and is a non-muscle alpha-actinin that has long been associated with cancer development. Numerous clinical studies showed that changes in ACTN4 gene expression are correlated with aggressiveness, invasion, and metastasis in certain tumors. Amplification of the 19q chromosomal region where the gene is located has also been reported. Experimental manipulations with ACTN4 expression further confirmed its involvement in cell proliferation, motility, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, both clinical and experimental data suggest that the effects of ACTN4 up- or down-regulation may vary a lot between different types of tumors. Functional studies demonstrated its engagement in a number of cytoplasmic and nuclear processes, ranging from cytoskeleton reorganization to regulation of different signaling pathways. Such a variety of functions may be the reason behind cell type and cell line specific responses. Herein, we will review research progress and controversies regarding the prognostic and functional significance of ACTN4 for tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Tentler
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.); (K.N.); (N.A.B.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +7-921-406-2058
| | - Ekaterina Lomert
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.); (K.N.); (N.A.B.)
| | - Ksenia Novitskaya
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.); (K.N.); (N.A.B.)
| | - Nikolai A. Barlev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.L.); (K.N.); (N.A.B.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141701 Moscow, Russia
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