1
|
Zhao B, Wang H, Cheng L, Wang M, Li J, Gu T, Shangguan W, Miao S, Wang W, Liu X, Guan S, Liu T, Liang X. Proteomic sequencing analysis in a rat model of atrial fibrosis caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:5414-5427. [PMID: 37969261 PMCID: PMC10636428 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrosis caused by long-term atrial fibrillation influences the outcomes of clinical treatment. An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation may reveal new therapeutic targets. This study was conducted to analyze the changes in protein levels in the atrial tissue of a rat model of atrial fibrillation based on proteome sequencing. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were used to develop a model of atrial fibrillation induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Histopathological changes were detected using hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson's staining, and immunohistochemistry and western blotting for the levels of fibrosis biomarkers. Atrial fibrosis tissue samples were also evaluated by proteome sequencing. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the CIH and control groups were evaluated in functional assay. The expression levels of several key proteins were validated using western blotting. Results CIH resulted in atrial fibrosis and induced atrial fibrillation. We identified 145 DEPs between the CIH and control groups. These included Myh7, Myl2, Myl3, and Atpla3, which are involved in signaling pathways related to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, glycerolipid metabolism, and cardiac muscle contraction. Western blotting revealed the upregulation of Myh7, Myl2, and Myl3 and the downregulation of Atpla3 in the CIH group compared with the control group. These results were consistent with the sequencing results. Conclusions Myh7, Myl2, Myl3, and Atpla3 may play key roles in the progression of atrial fibrillation through their involvement in cardiovascular-disease-related signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hualing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijun Cheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Manman Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianshu Gu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenfeng Shangguan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Miao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiding Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyu Guan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Saleeb-Mousa J, Nathanael D, Coney AM, Kalla M, Brain KL, Holmes AP. Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. Cells 2023; 12:1661. [PMID: 37371131 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a strong independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Emerging clinical data cite adverse effects of OSA on AF induction, maintenance, disease severity, and responsiveness to treatment. Prevention using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is effective in some groups but is limited by its poor compliance. Thus, an improved understanding of the underlying arrhythmogenic mechanisms will facilitate the development of novel therapies and/or better selection of those currently available to complement CPAP in alleviating the burden of AF in OSA. Arrhythmogenesis in OSA is a multifactorial process characterised by a combination of acute atrial stimulation on a background of chronic electrical, structural, and autonomic remodelling. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), a key feature of OSA, is associated with long-term adaptive changes in myocyte ion channel currents, sensitising the atria to episodic bursts of autonomic reflex activity. CIH is also a potent driver of inflammatory and hypoxic stress, leading to fibrosis, connexin downregulation, and conduction slowing. Atrial stretch is brought about by negative thoracic pressure (NTP) swings during apnoea, promoting further chronic structural remodelling, as well as acutely dysregulating calcium handling and electrical function. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of these topical mechanistic insights and their roles in arrhythmia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Saleeb-Mousa
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Demitris Nathanael
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew M Coney
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Manish Kalla
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Keith L Brain
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew P Holmes
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Cardioembolic Stroke: From Background to Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043628. [PMID: 36835040 PMCID: PMC9959608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases participating in physiological processes of the brain, maintaining the blood-brain barrier integrity and playing a critical role in cerebral ischemia. In the acute phase of stroke activity, the expression of MMPs increase and is associated with adverse effects, but in the post-stroke phase, MMPs contribute to the process of healing by remodeling tissue lesions. The imbalance between MMPs and their inhibitors results in excessive fibrosis associated with the enhanced risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), which is the main cause of cardioembolic strokes. MMPs activity disturbances were observed in the development of hypertension, diabetes, heart failure and vascular disease enclosed in CHA2DS2VASc score, the scale commonly used to evaluate the risk of thromboembolic complications risk in AF patients. MMPs involved in hemorrhagic complications of stroke and activated by reperfusion therapy may also worsen the stroke outcome. In the present review, we briefly summarize the role of MMPs in the ischemic stroke with particular consideration of the cardioembolic stroke and its complications. Moreover, we discuss the genetic background, regulation pathways, clinical risk factors and impact of MMPs on the clinical outcome.
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang X, Wang W, Liu Y, Liu Y, Wang M, Shangguan W, Miao S, Gu T, Liu E, Li G. CircRNA_0263 and circRNA_1507 are dysregulated in a rat model of atrial fibrosis induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:63-81. [PMID: 36777857 PMCID: PMC9908462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to characterize circular RNA (circRNA) profiles associated with atrial fibrosis-related atrial fibrillation (AF) and reveal critical circRNAs for AF. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and atrial fibrosis-related AF groups (n = 15 in each group). The rats in the atrial fibrosis-related AF group were induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), and then confirmed by electrocardiograms, echocardiography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry assays and western blotting. After that, the atrial tissues were sent for circRNA sequencing, and the differentially expressed circRNAs were identified and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Finally, a series of cell experiments were performed to explore the roles of two crucial circRNAs in rat atrial fibroblasts. Results: A CIH-induced AF model was successfully established in the rats. After sequencing, five upregulated and 11 downregulated circRNAs were identified in the CIH-induced AF group. These dysregulated circRNAs were primarily associated with "carbohydrate metabolism" and "cardiovascular diseases". Two circRNAs (circRNA_0263 and circRNA_1507) were predicted to regulate target gene expression by interacting with corresponding miRNAs, including rno-miR-29b-5p, rno-miR-29b-3p, rno-miR-496-5p, rno-miR-136-5p, and novel123-mature. Additionally, circRNA_0263 knockdown and circRNA_1507 overexpression inhibited the cell viability of fibroblasts, and downregulated the expression of fibrosis-related proteins. Conclusion: A series of circRNAs were identified as dysregulated in an AF rat model, and circRNA_0263 and circRNA_1507 might be crucial for atrial fibrosis-related AF development by competing with several miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiding Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Taikang Ningbo HospitalNingbo 315100, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Heart Center, Tianjin Third Central HospitalTianjin 300170, People’s Republic of China
| | - Manman Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical UniversityJining 272000, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Shangguan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Miao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianshu Gu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enzhao Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangping Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miao S, Wang L, Guan S, Gu T, Wang H, Shangguan W, Wang W, Liu Y, Liang X. Integrated whole transcriptome analysis for the crucial regulators and functional pathways related to cardiac fibrosis in rats. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:5413-5429. [PMID: 36896551 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis has gradually gained significance in the field of cardiovascular disease; however, its specific pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aims to establish the regulatory networks based on whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing analyses and reveal the underlying mechanisms of cardiac fibrosis. METHODS An experimental model of myocardial fibrosis was induced using the chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) method. Expression profiles of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA) were acquired from right atrial tissue samples of rats. Differentially expressed RNAs (DERs) were identified, and functional enrichment analysis was performed. Moreover, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network that are related to cardiac fibrosis were constructed, and the relevant regulatory factors and functional pathways were identified. Finally, the crucial regulators were validated using qRT-PCR. RESULTS DERs, including 268 lncRNAs, 20 miRNAs, and 436 mRNAs, were screened. Further, 18 relevant biological processes, such as "chromosome segregation, " and 6 KEGG signaling pathways, such as "cell cycle, " were significantly enriched. The regulatory relationship of miRNA-mRNA-KEGG pathways showed eight overlapping disease pathways, including "pathways in cancer." In addition, crucial regulatory factors, such as Arnt2, WNT2B, GNG7, LOC100909750, Cyp1a1, E2F1, BIRC5, and LPAR4, were identified and verified to be closely related to cardiac fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study identified the crucial regulators and related functional pathways in cardiac fibrosis by integrating the whole transcriptome analysis in rats, which might provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Miao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Siyu Guan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Tianshu Gu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Hualing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Wenfeng Shangguan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Weiding Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Taikang Ningbo Hospital, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Doxycycline Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Improving Myocardial Energy Metabolism in Rats. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9080254. [PMID: 36005418 PMCID: PMC9410319 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9080254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Evaluate the influence of doxycycline, an anti-inflammatory and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor, on the attenuation of chronic doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Methods: We allocated male Wistar rats into four groups: control (C), doxorubicin (D), doxycycline (inhibitor of MMP, IM), and Dox + doxycycline (DIM). Groups IM and DIM received doxycycline (5 mg/kg, IP) once a week for 4 weeks. In addition, 48 h after every doxycycline injection, groups D and DIM received Dox (5 mg/kg, IP). We performed echocardiogram and evaluated TIMP-4 and collagen I protein expression, MMP-2 activity, and oxidative stress and myocardial metabolism. Results: Doxorubicin promotes left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) dilatation and decreases in LV fractional shortening, which was improved by doxycycline. Moreover, doxycycline attenuated the LV cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and collagen type I expression. Doxorubicin increased phosphofructokinase and decreased beta-hydroxyacyl Co-A dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, and ATP synthase activity, which was partially attenuated by doxycycline. Lastly, doxycycline improved antioxidant enzyme activity in the DIM group. Conclusion: Doxorubicin increases oxidative stress and promotes changes in myocardial energy metabolism, accompanied by structural and functional changes. Doxycycline attenuated the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, at least in part, through changes in myocardial energy metabolism.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao B, Wang W, Liu Y, Guan S, Wang M, Song F, Shangguan W, Miao S, Zhang X, Liu H, Liu E, Liang X. Establishment of a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in a rat model of atrial fibrosis by whole transcriptome sequencing. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2022; 63:723-736. [DOI: 10.1007/s10840-022-01120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
8
|
Babapoor-Farrokhran S, Tarighati Rasekhi R, Gill D, Alzubi J, Mainigi SK. How transforming growth factor contributes to atrial fibrillation? Life Sci 2020; 266:118823. [PMID: 33309721 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinically significant arrhythmia. There are four fundamental pathophysiological mechanisms of AF including: electrical remodeling, structural remodeling, autonomic nervous system changes, and Ca2+ handling abnormalities. The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily are cytokines that have the ability to regulate numerous cell functions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and production of extracellular matrix. During the last decade numerous studies have demonstrated that TGF-β affects the architecture of the heart. TGF-β1 has been shown to be involved in the development and propagation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Investigators have studied TGF-β signaling in AF with the aim of discovering potential therapeutic agents. In this review we discuss the role of TGF-β in atrial fibrillation and specifically its role in atrial structural and electrical remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roozbeh Tarighati Rasekhi
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Deanna Gill
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jafar Alzubi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA
| | - Sumeet K Mainigi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|